CN114657771A - 纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法及采用面料的衣服 - Google Patents
纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法及采用面料的衣服 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,包括织造工序、染色工序以及后整理工序,织造工序采用涤纶纱线进行织造形成坯布,所述后整理工序中,对坯布进行浸轧,浸轧中浸渍槽的水溶液的温度为40‑60℃,轧液率为70‑90%,水溶液中含20‑50g/L的碳量子点和28‑32g/L的粘合剂,浸轧完后进行烘干。本发明能够提高抗静电性能、不影响衣服正常使用,本发明还提出了一种采用该方法制作的衣服,其具有较佳的抗静电性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法及采用面料的衣服,属服装领域。
背景技术
目前国内外对涤纶织物的抗静电处理方式主要有两种:一、当静电电荷产生瞬间立即抑制其产生。二、加速静电荷的逸散,以实现涤纶织物的抗静电目标。根据不同的整理阶段和方式,整理方法如下,(1)对纤维进行原位改性处理,但该方法成本高普适性差。(2)纤维纺丝阶段改性:主要将具有抗静电性能的材料与涤纶纺丝熔体混合,使整个体系电导率上升,其次将共混后的熔体熔融喷丝,最终纺出的涤纶丝具有抗静电功能,但由于在共混阶段抗静电材料和聚酯切片相容性差,导致纺丝后材料机械力学性能下降。(3)纺纱织造阶段的改性:采用与导电纤维共混的方式制备出的涤纶具有持久高效的抗静电性能,但在混纺或嵌织后导电长丝发生断裂或脱散,则会使抗静电效果变差。(4)纤维和织物的后整理阶段改性:采用物理或化学方法对纤维、织物进行表层的处理,以提高抗静电性能,该方法不会使纤维的超分子结构发生改变。例如用利用环氧氯丙烷做载体对丝胶蛋白进行改性处理,通过酯化反应将改性丝胶蛋白接枝到涤纶织物表面,使织物接有氨基、羧基、羟基基团,提了高亲水性且表面电荷量为0.001μC,具有较好的抗静电效果。
鉴于此,本案发明人对上述问题进行深入研究,遂有本案产生。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种能够提高抗静电性能、不影响衣服正常使用的面料的制作方法,本发明的另一目的在于提供一种采用该方法制作的衣服。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用这样的技术方案:
纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,包括织造工序、染色工序以及后整理工序,织造工序采用涤纶纱线进行织造形成坯布,所述后整理工序中,对坯布进行浸轧,浸轧中浸渍槽的水溶液的温度为40-60℃,轧液率为70-90%,水溶液中含20-50g/L的碳量子点和28-32g/L的粘合剂,浸轧完后进行烘干。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述碳量子点采用如下的方式进行制作:取L-抗坏血酸0.01-0.05mol,溶解在10-50mL去离子水中,超声分散后呈透明溶液,向上述溶液中滴加三乙醇胺至pH=8,再加入20-50mL的聚乙二醇400,常温搅拌15-30min后放入250mL的三口烧瓶中,最后放入微波反应器中进行微波反应,反应温度为120-180℃,反应时间5-10min,之后进行离心分离制得样品。
作为本发明的优选方式,将离心分离制得的样品放入200D(该透析袋的分子截流量是200道尔顿)的纤维素透析袋中透析24-48h,每6h换水一次,将透析后的样品放到冷冻干燥机内冷冻干燥,备用。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述粘合剂为γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述织造工序与所述染色工序之间还对坯布进行双面刷毛和双面摇粒,形成双刷双摇坯布。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述染色工序中选用分散染料,染液在40℃时开始加分散剂NNO 0.5-1g/L,采用醋酸钠缓冲液调节至pH为4-5,以2℃/min升温到70℃,再以1℃/min升温速率升到110℃,染色保温45min,之后以2℃/min降温到50℃后排水,进行两道还原清洗,还原清洗采用的溶液含NaOH 3mL/L、保险粉2.5g/L以及木质素磺酸钠表面活性剂3g/L,还原清洗的温度为70-80℃,之后在40-50℃水洗,再进行常温水清洗。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述烘干包括预烘和焙烘,预烘的温度为80-100℃,时间为1min-3min,焙烘的温度为100-140℃,焙烘时间1min-1.5min。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述浸轧采用两浸两轧。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述涤纶纱线为300D/288F的涤纶纱拉伸变形丝、75D/36F的涤纶纱拉伸变形丝、涤纶舞虹纱中的一种或多种。
衣服,包括衣服本体,衣服本体包括多个拼接而成的面料,所述面料采用上述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法制作的面料。
采用本发明的技术方案后,将碳量子点通过浸轧的方式负载在坯布上,不改变坯布的其它工艺,制作的面料具有优异的抗静电性能,能保持面料的手感和舒适性,粘合剂能够提升碳量子点在面料表面和缝隙中牢度。本发明还提出了采用该面料的衣服,其在干燥环境下穿着没有静电产生的刺痛电击感,会提高穿着的舒适度。
附图说明
图1为本发明中碳量子点的XRD图(XRD图谱横坐标是X射线的入射角的两倍即2θ衍射角,为入射X射线的延长线与反射X射线的夹角,单位是度,纵坐标是衍射后的强度,常用(a.u.)表示代表收集到的光子数,单位是个)。
图2为本发明中碳量子点TEM图。
图3为本发明中碳量子点的粒径分布直方图(横坐标代表粒径大小,单位是纳米(nm),纵坐标代表不同的长度粒径的所占比例,单位是%)。
图4为本发明碳量子点红外吸收光谱图(横坐标为波数1/λ,代表原子、分子或原子核的光谱学中的频率单位,通过在不同位置反射不同频率的强度反应不同的分子基团的存在,单位为每厘米(cm-1),纵坐标表示透过率,也就是吸收光子的强度,单位是%)。
图5为本发明中后整理前双刷双摇摇粒绒面料的静电半衰期测试图(纵坐标为施加静电压,单位是千伏,横坐标是电压衰减时间,单位是秒))。
图6为本发明后整理后的双刷双摇摇粒绒面料的静电半衰期测试图(纵坐标为施加静电压,单位是千伏,横坐标是电压衰减时间,单位是秒)。
具体实施方式
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案,下面结合实施例进行详细阐述。
参照图1至图6,纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,包括织造工序、染色工序以及后整理工序,织造工序采用涤纶纱线进行织造形成坯布,所述后整理工序中,对坯布进行浸轧,浸轧中浸渍槽的水溶液的温度为40-60℃,实施例中,温度为50℃,轧液率为70-90%,实施例中,轧液率为80%,水溶液中含20-50g/L的碳量子点和28-32g/L的粘合剂,实施例中,碳量子点和粘合剂的浓度分别为35g/L和30g/L。浸轧完后进行烘干,使得碳量子点固化在坯布中。本发明主要针对含涤纶纱线的面料,因涤纶抗静电性能较差,用于冬季的服装上易产生静电。作为本发明的优选方式,所述涤纶纱线为300D/288F的涤纶纱拉伸变形丝、75D/36F的涤纶纱拉伸变形丝、涤纶舞虹纱中的一种或多种。涤纶纱线通过大圆机编织呈坯布。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述碳量子点采用如下的方式进行制作:取L-抗坏血酸0.01-0.05mol,实施例为0.03mol,溶解在10-50mL去离子水(实施例为30mL)中,超声分散后呈透明溶液,向上述溶液中滴加三乙醇胺至pH=8,再加入20-50mL的聚乙二醇400(实施例中加入量为30mL),常温搅拌15-30min(实施例为25min)后放入250mL的三口烧瓶中,最后放入微波反应器(功率为700W)中进行微波反应,反应温度为120-180℃(实施例为150℃),反应时间5-10min(实施例为8min),之后进行离心分离制得样品。采用本发明的工艺,碳量子点有较高的荧光量子产率,同时用三乙醇胺做pH调节剂时其可同时作为碳源和氮源,在合成碳点时产率可提高,同时可将-NH3亲水基团引入可更加提高抗静电效果。
作为本发明的优选方式,将离心分离制得的样品放入200D(该透析袋的分子截流量是200道尔顿)的纤维素透析袋中透析24-48h,每6h换水一次,将透析后的样品放到冷冻干燥机内冷冻干燥,备用,用于后续配置碳量子点水溶液,和作为目标样品进行检测用。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述粘合剂为γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷(CAS登录号为3179-76-8)。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述织造工序与所述染色工序之间还对坯布进行双面刷毛和双面摇粒,形成双刷双摇坯布,刷毛和摇粒工艺采用纺织领域的常规工序。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述染色工序中选用分散染料(具体选用分分散红3BFF),染液在40℃时开始加分散剂NNO(即亚甲基双萘磺酸钠)0.5-1g/L(实施例为0.8g/L),采用醋酸钠缓冲液调节至pH为4-5,以2℃/min升温到70℃,再以1℃/min升温速率升到110℃,染色保温45min,之后以2℃/min降温到50℃后排水,进行两道还原清洗,还原清洗采用的溶液含NaOH 3mL/L、保险粉2.5g/L以及木质素磺酸钠表面活性剂3g/L,还原清洗的温度为70-80℃,之后在40-50℃水洗,再进行常温水清洗。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述烘干包括预烘和焙烘,预烘的温度为80-100℃,实施例为90℃,时间为1min-3min,实施例为2min,焙烘的温度为100-140℃,实施例为120℃,焙烘时间1min-1.5min,实施例为1min。
作为本发明的优选方式,所述浸轧采用两浸两轧,压辊的压力在0.6MPa。
衣服,包括衣服本体,衣服本体包括多个拼接(具体通过缝接)而成的面料,所述面料采用上述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法制作的面料。
进行相关检测:
X射线衍射(XRD)分析:采用X射线粉末衍射仪对目标样品进行定性分析,对其晶型结构进行确定。将载有样品的石英片放入XRD测试仪中进行测试。辐射光源为Cu靶Kα射线(λ=0.15418nm),工作电压为40V,电流100mA,步长0.05,衍射角范围10°-80°。测试结果如下图1,样品在2θ=21°-25°之间出现比较宽的馒头峰,该峰与无定型碳的特征衍射峰相稳合。
透射电镜(TEM)分析:采用透射电子显微镜,对样品的形貌结构、尺寸大小、分散情况进行表征。用离子水将样品稀释一定倍数,采用最大量程100μL的移液枪吸取30μL样液,分三次滴在铜网上面,自然晾干。测试前用红外灯烘烤5min,将样品表面的水分烘干进行测试,加速电压为200kV。测试结果如下图2,以及图3粒径分析:形状为球型颗粒,且没有观察到明显的晶格结构,这与XRD测试结果一致。备出的碳量子点从TEM图像右方的粒径分析中可以看出粒径分布为1.45-3.8nm,平均粒径为2.35nm。
红外光谱(FT-IR)分析:采用红外光谱仪,通过对样品在不同波长红外辐射下(波数范围500-4000cm-1)的吸收情况来分析目标样品的表面基团,对样品的结构性质进行定性分析。首先将KBr粉末压片,之后将高浓度样品通过毛细管滴加到压好的KBr片上,在红外烤灯下烘干,最后测出红外特征吸收峰。如下图4微波法制备碳量子点的FT-IR图谱可以看出,在3455cm-1-3330cm-1间出现一个强的峰,主要是O-H、N-H的伸缩振动吸收峰,1456cm-1处出现了O-H的弯曲振动峰。在2877cm-1处出现强的C-H的振动峰,由于样品制备时溶剂中含有聚乙二醇400,导致掺氮碳量子点表面含有大量的亚甲基。1351cm-1处为C=C伸缩振动,在1643cm-1处出现C=O的伸缩振动峰、伯酰胺中N-H的弯曲振动峰,1400cm-1处出现了C-N伸缩振动峰,1247cm-1处出现C-O-C的伸缩振动峰,1101cm-1处出现C-O的伸缩振动峰,941cm-1处为羧酸上的O-H面外弯曲峰。因此采用微波法制备的碳量子点碳核表面具有氨基、羟基等亲水性基团。
双刷双摇摇粒面料抗静电半衰期测试:采用日本大荣科学精器制作所生产的H0110.V2型静电衰减测试仪。按照国标GB/T 12703.1—2008《纺织品静电性能的评定第一部分:静电压半衰期》对织物的抗静电半衰期进行评价,织物规格:4.5cm×4.5cm。静电放电电压10kV,放电60s。测试前将样品放入温度条件为(20±2℃、相对湿度(35±5、风速为0.1m/s以下的环境中调湿24h。如下图5、图6为功能整理前和整理后的双刷双摇摇粒绒的静电半衰期测试图:未经过整理的双刷双摇摇粒绒顶峰电压为1540V,静电半衰期为60S,而经过碳量子点抗静电处理的摇粒绒顶峰电压为630V,静电半衰期为0.11S评级为A级;抗静电效果大大提升。
本发明双刷双摇摇粒面料还进行如下检测:
本发明还对面料进行了起球勾丝测试,无明显起球勾丝现象。
本发明的产品形式并非限于本案实施例,任何人对其进行类似思路的适当变化或修饰,皆应视为不脱离本发明的专利范畴。
Claims (10)
1.纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,包括织造工序、染色工序以及后整理工序,织造工序采用涤纶纱线进行织造形成坯布,其特征在于:所述后整理工序中,对坯布进行浸轧,浸轧中浸渍槽的水溶液的温度为40-60℃,轧液率为70-90%,水溶液中含20-50g/L的碳量子点和28-32g/L的粘合剂,浸轧完后进行烘干。
2.如权利要求1所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述碳量子点采用如下的方式进行制作:取L-抗坏血酸0.01-0.05mol,溶解在10-50mL去离子水中,超声分散后呈透明溶液,向上述溶液中滴加三乙醇胺至pH=8,再加入20-50mL的聚乙二醇400,常温搅拌15-30min后放入250mL的三口烧瓶中,最后放入微波反应器中进行微波反应,反应温度为120-180℃,反应时间5-10min,之后进行离心分离制得样品。
3.如权利要求2所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:将离心分离制得的样品放入200D的纤维素透析袋中透析24-48h,每6h换水一次,将透析后的样品放到冷冻干燥机内冷冻干燥,备用。
4.如权利要求3所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述粘合剂为γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷。
5.如权利要求4所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述织造工序与所述染色工序之间还对坯布进行双面刷毛和双面摇粒,形成双刷双摇坯布。
6.如权利要求5所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述染色工序中选用分散染料,染液在40℃时开始加分散剂NNO0.5-1g/L,采用醋酸钠缓冲液调节至pH为4-5,以2℃/min升温到70℃,再以1℃/min升温速率升到110℃,染色保温45min,之后以2℃/min降温到50℃后排水,进行两道还原清洗,还原清洗采用的溶液含NaOH 3mL/L、保险粉2.5g/L以及木质素磺酸钠表面活性剂3g/L,还原清洗的温度为70-80℃,之后在40-50℃水洗,再进行常温水清洗。
7.如权利要求6所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述烘干包括预烘和焙烘,预烘的温度为80-100℃,时间为1min-3min,焙烘的温度为100-140℃,焙烘时间1min-1.5min。
8.如权利要求7所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述浸轧采用两浸两轧。
9.如权利要求8所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法,其特征在于:所述涤纶纱线为300D/288F的涤纶纱拉伸变形丝、75D/36F的涤纶纱拉伸变形丝、涤纶舞虹纱中的一种或多种。
10.衣服,包括衣服本体,衣服本体包括多个拼接而成的面料,其特征在于:所述面料采用权利要求1至9任一项所述的纳米碳点负载的抗静电面料制作方法制作的面料。
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