CN114652808B - 一种治疗骨性关节炎的中药凝胶膏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂,包含以下重量百分比的成分:中药提取物13.0%‑15.5%,粘合剂6.2%‑8.5%,交联调节剂0.2%‑0.5%,填充剂8.0%‑10.5%,pH调节剂0.05%‑0.2%,保湿剂58.6%‑64.4%,渗透促进剂6.4%‑8.0%,表面活性剂0.5%‑1.2%,凝胶材料0.3%‑0.8%。本申请的中药制剂具有透气性好、载药量大、稳定性好的优点,不仅粘性适中、易于剥离、毒副作用小,而且提高了中药原料药的治疗效果和患者顺应性。本申请还提供了一种治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂的制备方法及其治疗骨性关节炎的药物中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药制剂领域,具体涉及一种用于治疗骨性关节炎的中药凝胶膏剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种以关节软骨退行性变和继发性骨质增生为特征的慢性关节疾病,主要表现为关节及其周围疼痛、僵硬、关节骨性肥大和功能障碍。骨性关节炎在中医属于痹症的范畴,临床实践中一般认为该病的发病与肾、脾、肝三个脏器的关系最为密切,该病的病因有多种,“跌扑损伤”、“风”、“寒”、“淤”、“虚”、“湿”为主要病因,同时该病还与年龄大、劳损等因素有关系。
骨性关节炎在我国有80%以上的发病率,好发于中老年女性。目前的治疗方法主要包括以保暖、限制运动、减少关节磨损为主的一般治疗,以非甾体抗炎药、软骨保护剂等为代表的药物治疗,以及关节炎晚期常见的手术治疗。相比之下,中药治疗骨关节炎具有毒副作用小、价格便宜、疗效确切等优势。
中国专利申请CN202010032569公开了一种用于治疗骨性关节炎恒温长效自发热膏药,是由当归、制川乌、制草乌等中药制成的膏药,对骨性关节炎具有一定的治疗效果。但是,该专利采用的制备方法是将所有原料加入到豆油中浸泡,然后煮沸后制成黑沥青状膏体,由于该制备方法不能充分提取中药原料的有效成分,且普通膏剂难以满足治疗效果和患者使用体验的需求,因此患者使用的顺应性差。
为此,需要进一步研究和开发能有效治疗骨性关节炎的中药,并通过制剂技术以提高药效和患者顺应性。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中的上述缺陷,本发明提供了一种用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂及其制备方法和应用。该中药制剂具有透气性好、载药量大、稳定性好的优点,不仅粘性适中、易于剥离、毒副作用小,而且提高了中药原料药的治疗效果和患者顺应性。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了以下的技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂,包含以下重量百分比的成分:中药提取物13.0%-15.5%,粘合剂6.2%-8.5%,交联调节剂0.2%-0.5%,填充剂8.0%-10.5%,pH调节剂0.05%-0.2%,保湿剂58.6%-64.4%,渗透促进剂6.4%-8.0%,表面活性剂0.5%-1.2%,凝胶材料0.3%-0.8%;其中,
所述中药提取物由以下重量份数的药材制成:当归8-15份、制川乌8-12份、制草乌8-12份、没药8-12份、桑枝8-12份、红花3-7份、甘草3-7份、乳香9-11份、降香9-11份、紫草3-7份、苏木8-12份、金钱白花蛇9-11份、木鳖子8-12份、土茯苓4-6份、槐枝8-12份、白屈菜18-23份、儿茶3-6份、樟脑3-6份、冰片4-6份、血竭4-7份、元胡16-22份、麻黄7-13份、桂枝8-12份、桂皮8-12份、干姜6-10份、乌梢蛇8-10份和蟾蜍8-10份;
所述粘合剂为聚丙烯酸钠NP-700、聚丙烯酸钠NP-800中的一种或多种;所述交联调节剂为甘氨酸铝、EDTA中的一种或多种;所述填充剂为硅藻土、碳酸钙或高岭土中的一种或多种;所述pH调节剂为乳酸、苹果酸中的一种或多种;所述保湿剂为甘油、聚乙二醇400中的一种或多种;所述渗透促进剂为尿素、薄荷脑或氮酮中的一种或多种;所述表面活性剂为吐温80、十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或多种;所述凝胶材料包含卡波姆、PVP-K30中的一种或多种。
上述中药原料药的性状、来源和功效具体如下:
当归:甘、辛,温。归肝、心、脾经。功能主治补血活血,调经止痛,润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄,眩晕心悸,月经不调,经闭痛经,虚寒腹痛,肠燥便秘,风湿痹痛,跌扑损伤,痈疽疮疡。
制川乌:味辛、苦,性热。归心、肝、肾、脾经。具有祛风除湿,温经止痛的功效。用于风寒湿痹,关节冷痛,寒疝作痛及麻醉止痛。
制草乌:为草乌的炮制加工品。辛、苦,热;有毒。归心、肝、肾、脾经。功能主治祛风除湿,温经止痛。用于风寒湿痹,关节疼痛,心腹冷痛,寒疝作痛,麻醉止痛。
没药:苦,平。功能主治散瘀止痛,外用消肿生肌。用于跌打淤血肿痛,痈疽肿痛,胸腹诸痛;外用治疮口久不收敛。
桑枝:微苦,平。归肝经。功能主治祛风湿,利关节。用于肩臂、关节酸痛麻木。
红花:辛,温。入心、肝经。功能主治:活血通经,去瘀止痛。治经闭,症瘕,难产,死胎,产后恶露不行、瘀血作痛,痈肿,跌扑损伤。
甘草:甘,平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。功能主治补脾益气,清热解毒,祛痰止咳,缓急止痛,调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱,倦怠乏力,心悸气短,咳嗽痰多,脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛,痈肿疮毒,缓解药物毒性、烈性。
乳香:辛、苦,温。功能主治活血止痛。用于心腹诸痛,筋脉拘挛,跌打损伤,疮痈肿痛;外用消肿生肌。
降香:辛,温。归肝、脾经。功能主治行气活血,止痛,止血。用于脘腹疼痛,肝郁胁痛,胸痹刺痛,跌扑损伤,外伤出血。
紫草:甘、咸,寒。归心、肝经。功能主治凉血,活血,解毒透疹。用于血热毒盛,斑疹紫黑,麻疹不透,疮疡,湿疹,水火烫伤。
苏木:甘、咸,平。归心、肝、脾经。功能主治行血祛瘀,消肿止痛。用于经闭痛经,产后瘀阻,胸腹刺痛,外伤肿痛。
金钱白花蛇:甘、咸,温;有毒。归肝经。功能主治祛风,通络,止痉。用于风湿顽痹,麻木拘挛,中风口歪,半身不遂,抽搐痉挛,破伤风,麻风疥癣,瘰疬恶疮。
木鳖子:苦、微甘,凉;有毒。归肝、脾、胃经。功能主治散结消肿,攻毒疗疮。用于疮疡肿毒,乳痈,瘰疠,痔漏,干癣,秃疮。
土茯苓:甘、淡,平。归肝、胃经。功能主治除湿,解毒,通利关节。用于湿热淋浊,带下,痈肿,瘰疬,疥癣,梅毒及汞中毒所致的肢体拘挛,筋骨疼痛。
槐枝:味苦;性平归心;肝经。功能主治散瘀止血;清热燥湿;祛风杀虫。主崩漏;赤白带下;痔疮;阴囊湿痒;心痛;目赤;疥癣。
白屈菜:苦,凉。有毒。功能主治清热解毒,止痛,止咳。用于胃炎,胃溃疡,腹痛,肠炎,痢疾,黄疸,慢性气管炎,百日咳;外用治水田皮炎,毒虫咬伤。
儿茶:苦、涩,微寒。归肺经。功能主治收湿生肌敛疮。用于溃疡不敛,湿疹,口疮,跌扑伤痛,外伤出血。
樟脑:辛,温。功能主治通窍辟秽,温中止痛,利湿杀虫。用于寒湿吐泻,胃腹疼痛;外用治疥、癣、龋齿作痛。
冰片:辛、苦,微寒。归心、脾、肺经。功能主治开窍醒神,清热止痛。用于热病神昏、痉厥,中风痰厥,气郁暴厥,中恶昏迷,目赤,口疮,咽喉肿痛,耳道流脓。
血竭:甘、咸,平。归心、肝经。功能主治祛瘀定痛,止血生肌。用于跌扑折损,内伤瘀痛;外伤出血不止。
元胡:又名延胡索,辛、苦,温。归肝、脾经。功能主治活血,利气,止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛,经闭痛经,产后瘀阻,跌扑肿痛。
麻黄:辛、微苦,温。归肺、膀胱经。功能主治发汗散寒,宣肺平喘,利水消肿。用于风寒感冒,胸闷喘咳,风水浮肿;支气管哮喘。蜜麻黄润肺止咳。多用于表症已解,气喘咳嗽。
桂枝:辛、甘,温。归心、肺、膀胱经。功能主治发汗解肌,温通经脉,助阳化气,平冲降气。用于风寒感冒,脘腹冷痛,血寒经闭,关节痹痛,痰饮,水肿,心悸,奔豚。
桂皮:学名柴桂,又称香桂,辛、甘,大热。有小毒。功能主治散风寒,止呕吐,除湿痹,通经脉。用于呕吐,噎膈,胸闷腹痛,筋骨疼痛,腰膝冷痛,跌打损伤。
干姜:辛、热。归脾、胃、肾、心、肺经。功能主治干姜温中散寒,回阳通脉,燥湿消痰。用于脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,肢冷脉微,痰饮喘咳。
乌梢蛇:甘,平。归肝经。功能主治祛风,通络,止痉。用于风湿顽痹,麻木拘挛,中风口眼歪斜,半身不遂,抽搐痉挛,破伤风,麻风疥癣,瘰疬恶疮。
蟾蜍:性味辛,凉,有毒。入心、肝、脾、肺四经。功能主治破症结,行水湿,化毒,杀虫,定痛。治疔疮,发背,阴疽瘰疬,恶疮,症瘕癖积,臌胀,水肿,小儿疳积,慢性气管炎。
其中,乳香、没药、乌梢蛇、金钱白花蛇、制川乌、制草乌、蟾蜍具有活血化瘀、通经温络的作用,共用为君药:当归、降香、红花、血竭、元胡、苏木、木鳖子、紫草具有祛湿散寒的作用,共用为臣药;白屈菜、桂皮、干姜、桑枝、桂枝、麻黄、槐枝具有却邪扶正的作用,共用为佐药;甘草、冰片、土茯苓、樟脑、儿茶具有调和的作用,共用为使药。诸药合用,共奏温经通络、活血化瘀、祛风除湿之功。
进一步地,所述的中药提取物优选由以下重量份数的药材制成:当归10份、制川乌10份、制草乌10份、没药10份、桑枝10份、红花5份、甘草5份、乳香10份、降香10份、紫草5份、苏木10份、金钱白花蛇10份、木鳖子10份、土茯苓5份、槐枝10份、白屈菜20份、儿茶5份、樟脑5份、冰片5份、血竭5份、元胡20份、麻黄10份、桂枝10份、桂皮10份、干姜10份、乌梢蛇10份、蟾蜍10份。
所述中药提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:取当归、桑枝、红花、甘草、乳香、降香、紫草、苏木、木鳖子、土茯苓、槐枝、白屈菜、儿茶、元胡、麻黄、桂枝、桂皮和干姜,粉碎,加入3-5倍体积的60-85%乙醇,加热回流提取1-3次,每次1-3小时,过滤,滤液在50-65℃干燥成相对密度为1.18-1.22的中药浸膏,备用;取制川乌、制草乌、没药、樟脑、冰片、血竭、金钱白花蛇、乌梢蛇和蟾蜍,粉碎成细粉后过80-100目筛;将所述中药浸膏和细粉混合均匀,即得。
优选地,所述交联调节剂为质量比为(3-4):1的甘氨酸铝和EDTA。
优选地,所述渗透促进剂为质量比为(1-2):(2-4):(2-5)的尿素、薄荷脑和氮酮。
优选地,所述凝胶材料为质量比为(1-3):1的卡波姆和PVP-K30。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了上述治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
(1)将粘合剂、交联调节剂、填充剂和pH调节剂添加到保湿剂中,搅拌均匀,备用;
(2)将胶凝材料加水溶胀,加入适宜量的三乙醇胺或氨水,搅拌均匀至凝胶状态,备用;
(3)向步骤(1)的产物中添加表面活性剂和渗透促进剂,搅拌均匀,然后加入步骤(2)得到的凝胶和中药提取物,搅拌均匀并静置15-60分钟;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的产物均匀涂布在无纺纱布背衬上,干燥,冷却,盖膜,切割,封装,即得。
根据本发明的第三方面,提供了上述治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂在制备治疗骨性关节炎的药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下特点和优势:
(1)本发明根据所述中药组方中不同药材的功效、性质和用量等综合因素进行研究,将当归、桑枝、红花、甘草、乳香、降香、紫草、苏木、木鳖子、土茯苓、槐枝、白屈菜、儿茶、元胡、麻黄、桂枝、桂皮和干姜通过乙醇回流提取法获得有效浓度更高的中药浸膏,然后将制川乌、制草乌、没药、樟脑、冰片、血竭、金钱白花蛇、乌梢蛇和蟾蜍粉碎成细粉,与中药浸膏混合。一方面,粉碎后的中药细粉可更好地发挥其药效,另一方面还可充当一部分填充剂,减少了辅料的用量。
(2)本发明通过对具体的粘合剂、交联调节剂、填充剂、pH调节剂、保湿剂、渗透促进剂、凝胶材料和表面活性剂等辅料进行选择,使凝胶膏剂的粘性适中、稳定性好、易于剥离,提高了患者的顺应性。
(3)经体外动物模型实验表明,本发明制备得到的凝胶膏剂对小鼠扭体、二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、慢性肉芽肿模型均具有较好的治疗效果,表明本发明的凝胶膏剂具有很好的抗炎镇痛作用,能用于骨性关节炎的治疗。
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本申请用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂的配方:中药提取物200g,聚丙烯酸钠NP-700 100g,甘氨酸铝4.5g,EDTA 1.5g,硅藻土120g,乳酸0.8g,甘油714g,聚乙二醇400142g,尿素13g,薄荷脑39g,氮酮52g,卡波姆4.8g,PVP-K302.4g,吐温80 12.8g。
中药提取物的制备方法:取当归12g、桑枝10g、红花3g、甘草6g、乳香9g、降香11g、紫草6g、苏木8g、木鳖子12g、土茯苓6g、槐枝12g、白屈菜20g、儿茶3g、元胡18g、麻黄12g、桂枝8g、桂皮8g和干姜10g,粉碎,加入3倍体积的75%乙醇,加热回流提取2次,每次1.5小时,过滤,滤液在60℃干燥成相对密度为1.20的中药浸膏,备用;取制川乌8g、制草乌8g、没药12g、樟脑6g、冰片4g、血竭7g、金钱白花蛇9g、乌梢蛇10g和蟾蜍8g,粉碎成细粉后过100目筛;将所述中药浸膏和细粉混合均匀,即得。
凝胶膏剂的制备方法:(1)将聚丙烯酸钠NP-700、甘氨酸铝、EDTA、硅藻土和乳酸添加到甘油、聚乙二醇400中,搅拌均匀,备用;(2)将卡波姆和PVP-K30加水溶胀,加入适宜量的三乙醇胺,搅拌均匀至凝胶状态,备用;(3)向步骤(1)的产物中添加吐温80、尿素、薄荷脑和氮酮,搅拌均匀,然后加入步骤(2)得到的凝胶和中药提取物,搅拌均匀并静置30分钟;(4)将步骤(3)得到的产物均匀涂布在无纺纱布背衬上,干燥,冷却,盖膜,切割,封装,即得。
实施例2
本申请用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂的配方:中药提取物180g,聚丙烯酸钠NP-700 100g,甘氨酸铝6.5g,碳酸钙128g,苹果酸1.2g,甘油830g,薄荷脑38g,氮酮57g,卡波姆5.5g,吐温80 10.3g。
中药提取物的制备方法:取当归8g、桑枝12g、红花6g、甘草4g、乳香10g、降香9g、紫草3g、苏木10g、木鳖子12g、土茯苓4g、槐枝8g、白屈菜22g、儿茶6g、元胡20g、麻黄7g、桂枝10g、桂皮12g和干姜8g,粉碎,加入4倍体积的80%乙醇,加热回流提取3次,每次2小时,过滤,滤液在50℃干燥成相对密度为1.22的中药浸膏,备用;取制川乌10g、制草乌10g、没药8g、樟脑4g、冰片5g、血竭4g、金钱白花蛇11g、乌梢蛇8g和蟾蜍10g,粉碎成细粉后过80目筛;将所述中药浸膏和细粉混合均匀,即得。
凝胶膏剂的制备方法:(1)将聚丙烯酸钠NP-700、甘氨酸铝、碳酸钙和苹果酸添加到甘油中,搅拌均匀,备用;(2)将卡波姆加水溶胀,加入适宜量的氨水,搅拌均匀至凝胶状态,备用;(3)向步骤(1)的产物中添加吐温80、薄荷脑和氮酮,搅拌均匀,然后加入步骤(2)得到的凝胶和中药提取物,搅拌均匀并静置45分钟;(4)将步骤(3)得到的产物均匀涂布在无纺纱布背衬上,干燥,冷却,盖膜,切割,封装,即得。
实施例3
本申请用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂的配方:中药提取物210g,聚丙烯酸钠NP-800 110g,甘氨酸铝7.2g,高岭土135g,乳酸1.4g,聚乙二醇400 900g,尿素110g,卡波姆10.4g,十二烷基硫酸钠16.0g。
中药提取物的制备方法:取当归15g、桑枝8g、红花3g、甘草7g、乳香11g、降香11g、紫草7g、苏木8g、木鳖子12g、土茯苓4g、槐枝12g、白屈菜18g、儿茶3g、元胡22g、麻黄10g、桂枝12g、桂皮10g和干姜6g,粉碎,加入5倍体积的60%乙醇,加热回流提取2次,每次3小时,过滤,滤液在65℃干燥成相对密度为1.18的中药浸膏,备用;取制川乌8g、制草乌12g、没药8g、樟脑6g、冰片6g、血竭4g、金钱白花蛇11g、乌梢蛇9g和蟾蜍10g,粉碎成细粉后过100目筛;将所述中药浸膏和细粉混合均匀,即得。
凝胶膏剂的制备方法:(1)将聚丙烯酸钠NP-800、甘氨酸铝、高岭土和乳酸添加到聚乙二醇400中,搅拌均匀,备用;(2)将卡波姆加水溶胀,加入适宜量的三乙醇胺,搅拌均匀至凝胶状态,备用;(3)向步骤(1)的产物中添加十二烷基硫酸钠,搅拌均匀,然后加入步骤(2)得到的凝胶和中药提取物,搅拌均匀并静置60分钟;(4)将步骤(3)得到的产物均匀涂布在无纺纱布背衬上,干燥,冷却,盖膜,切割,封装,即得。
对比例1
通过专利申请CN202010032569中实施例1的方法制备得到的中药膏药。试验例1:本发明凝胶膏剂的性能评价
1.测定方法
(1)初粘力的测定:按照《中国药典》2015版第0925“黏附力测定法”中的第1法对初粘力进行测定,并以黏性面能够粘住的最大钢球号数来评价初粘力,初粘力评价总分为20分。
(2)持粘力的测定:按照《中国药典》2015版第0925“黏附力测定法”中的第2法对持粘力进行测定,以被测样品向下滑动到脱落的时间进行评价,持粘力评价总分为20分。
(3)剥离强度测定:按照《中国药典》2015版第0925“黏附力测定法”中的第2法对剥离强度进行测定,剥离强度评价总分为20分。
(4)综合感官评分:从涂展性、渗布性、皮肤追随性、膜残留量以及膏体性状等方面,对凝胶膏剂的综合感官进行评价,综合感官评分总分为40分。
2.测定结果
表1各组膏剂的性能评价结果
结果表明,本申请实施例1-3制备得到的凝胶膏剂外观光滑均匀、基质柔软舒适,皮肤追随性较好,具有很好的初粘力和持粘力,并且剥离容易无痛感,综合评分较高。相比之下,对比例1的膏药外表均匀性较差,且难以剥离,综合评分较低。
试验例2:稳定性研究
1.评价方法
将本申请实施例1-3制备得到的凝胶膏剂经包装后,进行加速稳定性试验和长期留样试验。加速稳定性试验为(40±2)℃的恒温和RH(75±5)%恒湿;长期留样试验条件为室温下储存,分别在0、1、3、6个月对凝胶膏剂的性能进行评价。
2.测定结果
(1)加速稳定性试验
表2本申请实施例1-3凝胶膏剂的加速稳定性试验结果
(2)长期稳定性试验
表3本申请实施例1-3凝胶膏剂的长期稳定性试验结果
结果表明,本申请实施例1-3的中药凝胶制剂的加速稳定性和长期稳定性均较好。
试验例3:动物模型试验
1.小鼠扭体试验
(1)试验方法
选取体重在(20±2)g的小鼠,雌雄兼用,用电动剃毛器除去腹部被毛,随机分为6组,每组6只,分别为模型对照组,阳性对照组,本申请实施例1低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组,对比例1组。模型组小鼠腹部粘贴不含药物的空白贴膏,阳性组粘贴消炎镇痛膏,低、中、高剂量组分别粘贴的本申请实施例1凝胶膏剂的规格分别为12mg生药/cm2、24mg生药/cm2、48mg生药/cm2,各组贴片均为圆形,直径2cm,对比例1的生药含量同本申请高剂量组。实验前用酒精棉擦拭小鼠腹部皮肤,之后各组贴膏粘贴于小鼠腹部皮肤,持续24h,其间小鼠束足,24h后除去贴片,解放小鼠束足,使小鼠充分活动30min后,小鼠腹腔注射0.6%醋酸0.2mL,之后立即记录15min内小鼠扭体次数,计算药物的镇痛百分率:镇痛百分率(%)=(模型组扭体次数-给药组扭体次数)/模型组扭体次数×100%。
(2)试验结果
表4各组对小鼠扭体反应的影响(n=6)
结果表明,与模型组相比,本申请凝胶膏剂的低、中、高剂量组均可明显降低醋酸致小鼠扭体的次数,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),效果显著优于对比例1组。
2.小鼠热板试验
(1)试验方法
选取雌性小鼠(20±2)g作为试验动物。于实验前在(55±0.5)℃的恒温水浴中放入玻璃烧杯,将小鼠放于其中,以小鼠舔后足为疼痛反应指标,测定每只小鼠的初始痛阈值。痛阈值在5-30s内为热敏感动物为合格动物。将痛阈合格的雌性小鼠随机分为6组,每组6只,进行足部贴敷给药,贴片直径1cm,模型组小鼠腹部粘贴不含药物的空白贴膏,阳性组粘贴消炎镇痛膏,低、中、高剂量组分别粘贴的本申请实施例1凝胶膏剂的规格分别为12mg生药/cm2、24mg生药/cm2、48mg生药/cm2,对比例1的生药含量同本申请高剂量组,在0.5h、1h、4h按上述基础痛阈值测定法分别测定各小鼠的痛阈值。超过40s不舔足者按40s计。记录小鼠给药前后痛阈值(s),并进行统计分析。
(2)试验结果
表5各组对热板法致痛小鼠的影响(n=6)
结果表明,与模型组相比,本申请凝胶膏剂的低、中、高剂量组均能显著提高小鼠的痛阈值(P<0.05),并且显著优于对比例1组。
3.小鼠耳肿胀试验
(1)试验方法
筛选体重(20±2)g合格小鼠,雌雄兼用。将小鼠随机分为6组,每组6只,模型组小鼠腹部粘贴不含药物的空白贴膏,阳性组粘贴消炎镇痛膏,低、中、高剂量组分别粘贴的本申请实施例1凝胶膏剂的规格分别为12mg生药/cm2、24mg生药/cm2、48mg生药/cm2,对比例1的生药含量同本申请高剂量组。实验前小鼠禁食不禁水12h,右耳贴敷给药,结束给药30min后,于小鼠右耳前后两面用20μL二甲苯均匀涂抹,左耳不做任何处理,作为对照,2h后将小鼠处死,分别在左、右耳同一部位用打孔器打下直径为8mm小鼠耳片,分别称重,计算左、右耳片重量之差,用来评价炎症肿胀程度,分别计算并记录各给药组的耳肿胀抑制率和肿胀率。计算方式如下:肿胀抑制率=(模型组平均肿胀度-给药组平均肿胀度)/模型组平均肿胀度×100%;肿胀率(%)=[右耳片重(g)-左耳片重(g)]/左耳片重(g)×100%。
(2)试验结果
表6各组对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响(n=6)
组别 | 平均肿胀率(%) | 肿胀抑制率(%) |
模型组 | 72.24±3.12 | - |
阳性组 | 30.20±2.39 | 60.33 |
实施例1低剂量组 | 50.93±3.10 | 32.42 |
实施例1中剂量组 | 37.29±2.57 | 51.08 |
实施例1高剂量组 | 29.24±1.20 | 59.83 |
对比例1高剂量组 | 32.18±4.12 | 53.58 |
结果表明,与模型组相比,本申请凝胶膏剂的低、中、高剂量组均能显著降低二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀度(P<0.05),且明显优于对比例1组。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂,其特征在于,包含以下重量百分比的成分:中药提取物13.0%-15.5%,粘合剂6.2%-8.5%,交联调节剂0.2%-0.5%,填充剂8.0%-10.5%,pH调节剂0.05%-0.2%,保湿剂58.6%-64.4%,渗透促进剂6.4%-8.0%,表面活性剂0.5%-1.2%,凝胶材料0.3%-0.8%;其中,
所述中药提取物由以下重量份数的药材制成:当归8-15份、制川乌8-12份、制草乌8-12份、没药8-12份、桑枝8-12份、红花3-7份、甘草3-7份、乳香9-11份、降香9-11份、紫草3-7份、苏木8-12份、金钱白花蛇9-11份、木鳖子8-12份、土茯苓4-6份、槐枝8-12份、白屈菜18-23份、儿茶3-6份、樟脑3-6份、冰片4-6份、血竭4-7份、元胡16-22份、麻黄7-13份、桂枝8-12份、桂皮8-12份、干姜6-10份、乌梢蛇8-10份和蟾蜍8-10份;所述中药提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:取当归、桑枝、红花、甘草、乳香、降香、紫草、苏木、木鳖子、土茯苓、槐枝、白屈菜、儿茶、元胡、麻黄、桂枝、桂皮和干姜,粉碎,加入3-5倍体积的60-85%乙醇,加热回流提取1-3次,每次1-3小时,过滤,滤液在50-65℃干燥成相对密度为1.18-1.22的中药浸膏,备用;取制川乌、制草乌、没药、樟脑、冰片、血竭、金钱白花蛇、乌梢蛇和蟾蜍,粉碎成细粉后过80-100目筛;将所述中药浸膏和细粉混合均匀,即得;
所述粘合剂为聚丙烯酸钠NP-700、聚丙烯酸钠NP-800中的一种或多种;所述交联调节剂为质量比为(3-4):1的甘氨酸铝和EDTA;所述填充剂为硅藻土、碳酸钙或高岭土中的一种或多种;所述pH调节剂为乳酸、苹果酸中的一种或多种;所述保湿剂为甘油、聚乙二醇400中的一种或多种;所述渗透促进剂为质量比为(1-2):(2-4):(2-5)的尿素、薄荷脑和氮酮;所述表面活性剂为吐温80、十二烷基硫酸钠中的一种或多种;所述凝胶材料为质量比为(1-3):1的卡波姆和PVP-K30。
2.如权利要求1所述的治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂的制备方法,其特征在于包含以下步骤:
(1)将粘合剂、交联调节剂、填充剂和pH调节剂添加到保湿剂中,搅拌均匀,备用;
(2)将胶凝材料加水溶胀,加入适宜量的三乙醇胺或氨水,搅拌均匀至凝胶状态,备用;
(3)向步骤(1)的产物中添加表面活性剂和渗透促进剂,搅拌均匀,然后加入步骤(2)得到的凝胶和中药提取物,搅拌均匀并静置15-60分钟;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的产物均匀涂布在无纺纱布背衬上,干燥,冷却,盖膜,切割,封装,即得。
3.如权利要求1所述的治疗骨性关节炎的凝胶膏剂在制备治疗骨性关节炎的药物中的应用。
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