CN114652778B - 一种行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的中药组合物、贴剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的中药组合物、贴剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的中药组合物,所述的中药组合物由如下中药材组成:沉香、小茴香、丁香、木香、花椒。本发明还提出了所述中药组合物的制备方法。本发明的所述中药组合物适于预防和/或治疗小儿因胃肠功能紊乱引起的腹痛、腹泻和厌食。本发明的中药组合物中的中药种类少,用药少、疗效显著,采用本发明的中药组合物制成的贴剂对小儿进行贴敷治疗解决了小儿用药困难的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药技术领域,尤其涉及一种行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的中药组合物、贴剂及制备方法。
背景技术
小儿胃肠功能紊乱是食滞胃肠或寒邪侵袭以致胃气升降功能失常,肠道传导失司而出现腹痛、腹泻、厌食等脾胃失和的症状。西医往往采用口服益生菌来进行肠道菌群的调适来达到治疗目的。中医针对不同的病因对症治疗,例如针对寒邪侵袭导致的胃肠功能紊乱时可选用四磨汤口服液或附子理中丸;针对食滞胃肠证可选用保和丸。
但现有的治疗方案中都需要口服药物,中药味苦增加了小儿用药困难,用药效果难以达到预期。因此,需要研制一种既疗效好,用药少,无副作用,且易于被小儿接受的中药组合物。
有鉴如此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明提供一种行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药组合物由如下中药材组成:沉香、小茴香、丁香、木香、花椒。
进一步可选地,所述的中药组合物由如下重量份的中药材组成:沉香1-5份;小茴香1-5份;丁香1-5份;木香1-5份;花椒1-5份。
进一步可选地,所述的中药组合物各中药材的质量比为,沉香:小茴香:丁香:木香:花椒=1:1:1:1:1。
进一步可选地,所述的中药组合物由如下重量份的中药材组成:沉香3份;小茴香3份;丁香3份;木香3份;花椒3份。
进一步可选地,所述的中药组合物为散剂。
本发明还提出了一种上述中药组合物的制备方法,该制备方法包括:
按重量份分别称取各种中药材并混合;
将称取的的中药材粉碎至50-100目。
本发明还提出了一种贴剂,包括载体和上述的中药组合物。
进一步可选地,所述贴剂中还包括黄酒,将所述黄酒与所述中药组合物混合调制成膏状后置于所述载体上制得所述贴剂。
进一步可选地,所述的载体包括无纺布、纱布、胶布、橡皮膏或医用橡胶中的至少一种。
本发明还提出了上述任意一项所述的中药组合物或上述任意一项所述的贴剂在制备药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述的药物用于预防和/或治疗小儿胃肠功能紊乱的病症,所述的病症选自腹痛、腹泻和厌食。
本发明所用中药材的功效如下:
沉香:辛、苦,温,归脾、胃、肾、肺经。功效:降气温中,暖肾纳气。主治:治气逆喘息,呕吐呃逆,脘腹胀痛,腰膝;
小茴香:味辛,性温。功效:开胃进食,理气散寒,有助阳道。主治:中焦有寒,食欲减退,恶心呕吐,腹部冷痛;疝气疼痛,睾丸肿痛;脾胃气滞,脘腹胀满作痛。虚冷,大肠虚秘,小便气淋,男子精冷。
丁香:性辛,味温。入肺、脾、胃、肾四经。功效:温中、暖肾、降逆。主治:治呃逆、呕吐、反胃、痢疾、心腹冷痛、痃癖、疝气、癣症。
木香:性辛,味温。功能:行气止痛,健脾消食。主治:脘腹胀痛、不思饮食、食积不消,泄利里急后重、黄疸等。
花椒:性辛,味温。温中散寒,除湿,止痛,杀虫,解鱼腥毒。治积食停饮,心腹冷痛,呕吐,噫呃,咳嗽气逆,风寒湿痹,泄泻,痢疾,疝痛,齿痛,蛔虫病,蛲虫病,阴痒,疮疥。
本发明的发明人在多年中医临床经验的基础上,对小儿胃肠功能紊乱进行了深入研究,认为其病因病机为:寒邪侵袭胃肠或饮食不节损伤胃肠运化功能导致中焦气机不畅从而诱发腹痛、腹泻等胃肠道疾病。针对上述病因病机,治疗原则当为:调整胃肠气机达到行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的作用。本发明将沉香、小茴香、丁香、木香、花椒这几种中药材组合后制成散剂或进一步由散剂制成贴剂用来治疗小儿胃肠功能紊乱,其组方思路为:木香为君行一切腹中气滞,病能消食止泻。丁香、小茴香为臣助君药加强温中作用,沉香为佐药重在纳气,使浮游之气归于肾元。花椒为使,辛散温透带领诸药透皮入里。
在治疗小儿胃肠功能紊乱时一般将本发明的中药组合物制成贴剂后采用外敷的方式来进行治疗,具体为:将本发明的中药贴剂贴于神阙穴,每日一贴,每天贴敷两个小时,连敷5~7天即可获得较好的疗效。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果为:
本发明的中药组合物和贴剂针对小儿胃肠功能紊乱具有很好的疗效,降低了口服药物对小儿的不良反应,其配方合理,无毒副作用,疗效安全可靠。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式的描述对本发明作进一步说明,但这并非是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员根据本发明的基本思想,可以做出各种修改或改进,但是只要不脱离本发明的基本思想,均在本发明的范围之内。
实施例1-8
按表一所示的药物组分分别称取各种药材并混合;
将称取的的中药材按照表一所示的工艺条件过筛。
表一:实施例1-8中各中药组份及工艺条件
实施例9
本实施例为将实施例1-8的中药组合物制成中药贴剂,制法如下:
将实施例1-8的中药组合物分别与黄酒混合调制成膏状后置于医用纱布正中央处,即得。
试验例
本试验例为对实施例9制得的任意一种中药贴剂在治疗小儿胃肠功能紊乱临床上的研究。
病例选择:在北京惠民中医儿童医院中随机选取90个主要表现症状相同,严重程度相近的小儿胃肠功能紊乱的患儿,患儿平均年龄为5岁1个月,男女比例为1:1;
诊断依据为:1、肚脐周围疼痛不适,事发时止,多是一过性疼痛。
2、疼痛部位喜按揉或热敷。
3、疼痛时或伴有腹泻或受凉后腹泻频率增多。
4、腹部B超检查未见明显脏器病变,血常规检查未见炎症指标。
治疗方法为:将实施例9制得的任意一种中药贴剂外敷于神厥穴,每日一贴,每天贴敷两个小时,连续贴敷5-7天。
观察指标:根据儿童合作和理解的程度,采用视觉模拟量表对治疗前后的总体症状和胃肠功能紊乱分类症状分别进行临床疗效评定,评判标准:每个症状从0-10分得分越高改善越明显;每种症状的分值分配情况如表二所示。
表二:症状分值分配情况
临床实验结果:针对各种症状诊疗后的情况分为无效、有效、显效和痊愈,其中总积分0分为无效,1-15分为有效,16-18分为显效,19-30分为痊愈。用药后的临床试验结果见表三。
表三:用药后临床试验结果
用药前例数 | 治愈例数 | 显效例数 | 有效例数 | 无效例数 |
90 | 77 | 8 | 2 | 3 |
经过两个疗程的治疗,绝大部分患儿的腹痛腹泻症状在一定程度上均得到了有效改善,并且治疗过程中未发现明显的不良反应。
以下为病例分析情况:
患儿男4岁,3天前因吃未放置常温的酸奶出现腹部不适症状。当天晚上出现厌食症状,睡觉来回变换体位入睡困难,肚脐周围疼痛不适,用手按揉或捂着肚脐不适症状有所缓解。了解到孩子发病诱因,综合舌胖苔白及脐周凉痛、腹部胀满的基本体征后初步判断为受凉引起的肠痉挛,治疗原则:行气消食、温中止痛。目前没有别的明显不适症状考虑做次推拿缓解腹部胀满再贴敷几天本发明的贴剂。当天做完推拿配合开了3天的贴敷让家长自行在家给孩子外贴。3天后回访孩子情况,家长说当天做完手法晚上睡前贴敷贴剂后孩子整夜睡眠相对安稳,第二天孩子指肚脐不适的频率也明显减少,目前外观观察还是有些腹胀,还有一天的贴敷没用,用完后看看情况再决定用不用复诊。因该患儿发病时间短,诱因很明确,给予3天治疗量基本就能解决问题。
最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于预防和/或治疗小儿胃肠功能紊乱病症的行气止痛、温中健脾止泻的贴剂组合物,其特征在于,所述贴剂的中药材组成为:沉香1-5份;小茴香1-5份;丁香1-5份;木香1-5份;花椒1-5份,
将黄酒与所述中药材混合调制成膏状后置于载体上形成贴剂,所述的病症选自腹痛、腹泻和厌食。
2.根据权利要求1所述的贴剂组合物,其特征在于,所述各中药材的质量比为沉香:小茴香:丁香:木香:花椒=1:1:1:1:1。
3.根据权利要求1-2任意一项所述的贴剂组合物,其特征在于,所述的载体包括无纺布、纱布、胶布、橡皮膏或医用橡胶中的至少一种。
4.一种权利要求1-3任意一项所述贴剂组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包括:
按重量份分别称取各种中药材并混合;
将称取的中药材粉碎至50-100目,
将所述黄酒与所述中药材混合调制成膏状后置于所述载体上制得所述贴剂。
5.权利要求1-3任意一项所述贴剂组合物在制备药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述药物用于预防和/或治疗小儿胃肠功能紊乱的病症,所述的病症选自腹痛、腹泻和厌食。
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