CN114633022A - Red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device and method - Google Patents
Red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114633022A CN114633022A CN202210231079.3A CN202210231079A CN114633022A CN 114633022 A CN114633022 A CN 114633022A CN 202210231079 A CN202210231079 A CN 202210231079A CN 114633022 A CN114633022 A CN 114633022A
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- red copper
- optical fiber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/0604—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by a combination of beams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
- B23K26/0884—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions in at least in three axial directions, e.g. manipulators, robots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device and method. Blue laser is conducted to the blue light swing welding head through the optical fiber and vertically irradiates to a red copper material welding seam, and an annular light spot output by the optical fiber laser irradiates to the surface of the material through the optical fiber welding head and forms an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane. In the process of welding movement, the red copper material is melted by the blue laser to form a small molten pool, and the absorption rate of the material to the optical fiber laser can be rapidly increased in the molten state, so that the molten pool is increased and deepened, and the deep fusion welding is realized. The method and the device applying the principle not only effectively overcome the defects of air holes, splashing and the like generated in the single high-power optical fiber laser welding process, but also overcome the problem of small laser welding depth of single blue light, and realize high-quality laser welding of red copper materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of processing and manufacturing of non-ferrous metal materials, and particularly relates to a double-beam composite laser welding device and method for a red copper material.
Background
In laser machining applications, the laser absorption of the material to be machined is of decisive importance for the machining result. The laser has different wavelengths, so that the application range of the laser is different, and the processing object and the achieved purpose are different. Infrared lasers perform well in many industrial applications but are not ideal for the processing of highly reflective metals in the corresponding wavelength band (e.g., copper), while infrared-band highly reflective materials have higher laser absorptance in the blue wavelength band, which is 10-20 times that of infrared light. Copper material is one of the most important materials with high reflectivity in infrared band, and is one of the most common metal materials in the industrial field, and is widely applied to various industries due to the characteristics of excellent electric conductivity, heat conductivity, corrosion resistance, toughness and the like.
Since copper has a very poor absorption of infrared light, its welding usually requires a very high laser power density. In the welding process, keyhole welding can be formed by extremely high power density, but the flow characteristic of the liquid copper material enables the formed keyhole opening to be quickly closed, the keyhole opening can be opened by high-pressure gas in the keyhole to form welding spatter, or the keyhole opening is confined by the copper material which is quickly cooled at the opening to form air holes in the material. Whether splashing or air holes are formed, the bad phenomenon of copper welding is caused, and the welding quality of the copper is influenced. And the copper material has the characteristic of greatly improving the absorption rate of the blue light wave band, so that the heat conduction and splash-free welding of the copper material become possible. An important application of the blue laser is copper welding, and due to the ultrahigh absorption rate characteristic of the copper in a blue light wave band, the copper welding without splashing, with high stability and high quality is the greatest advantage of the current blue laser in the welding field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-beam composite laser welding device and method for a red copper material, wherein a blue laser is adopted to enable the red copper material to form a molten pool, and a high-power optical fiber laser is adopted to enable the molten pool to be enlarged and deepened so as to achieve deep fusion welding, so that the laser welding depth of the red copper material is greatly improved, welding defects such as bubbles and splashing generated in the welding process are avoided as far as possible, and the progress of the laser welding process of the red copper material is greatly promoted.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device comprises a welding device cabinet, a red copper part fixedly mounted on the table top of the welding device cabinet, a three-dimensional workbench and a display mechanism, wherein a welding control system is arranged in the welding device cabinet, and an optical fiber laser welding head, a blue laser swing welding head and a coaxial image system are mounted on the three-dimensional workbench.
Preferably, the three-dimensional workbench comprises a Z-axis sliding table, a Y-axis sliding table and an X-axis sliding table, and the optical fiber laser welding head and the blue laser swing welding head are mounted on the Y-axis sliding table through adapter plates.
Preferably, the display mechanism comprises a computer display and a coaxial image display, and is mounted on the welding device cabinet through a display bracket.
Preferably, the fiber laser welding head and the blue laser swinging welding head are mounted on the welding device cabinet through a fiber bracket.
Preferably, the coaxial imaging system is installed on one side of the blue laser swing welding head and comprises a camera, and a zoom lens is arranged at the lower end of the camera.
A red copper material double-beam composite laser welding method utilizes a blue laser beam and a high-power optical fiber laser beam to irradiate the same point of a red copper part to form a molten pool so as to realize deep fusion welding.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the part clamping, the laser beams of the blue laser swing welding head and the optical fiber laser welding head are aligned to a preset welding starting point of the red copper part through the movement of the three-dimensional workbench, the blue laser beams are perpendicular to the welding surface of the red copper part, and the optical fiber laser beams and the welding surface form an angle of 45 degrees;
s2: adjusting the focal lengths of the blue laser swing welding head and the optical fiber laser welding head according to the thickness of the red copper part, so that the focal point of the light beam is aligned to the surface of the red copper part;
s3: and starting welding, starting the blue laser swing welding head and the fiber laser welding head in sequence, moving according to a preset welding track, swinging the blue laser swing welding head according to a preset pattern, observing the welding process through a coaxial vision system until the welding end point, and finishing the welding process.
Preferably, the blue laser swinging welding head can realize high-speed scanning movement of the laser beam in any shape in a two-dimensional plane, and typical scanning patterns are S-shaped curves, spiral lines and circles.
Preferably, the output light spot of the fiber laser welding head is an annular light spot, and the central area coincides with the blue laser beam.
Due to the structure, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the method and/or the device for the double-beam composite laser welding of the red copper material realize the high-quality deep fusion welding of the red copper material by the composite welding of the blue laser beam and the high-power optical fiber laser annular beam, overcome the quality defect problem caused by the welding of a single laser beam, and solve the problem of the laser welding of the red copper material;
(2) the method and/or the device for the red copper material double-beam composite laser welding fully utilize two physical mechanisms that the red copper material has high energy absorption rate to blue laser and has low energy absorption rate to fiber laser but the absorption rate in a molten state is rapidly improved, and the red copper material double-beam composite laser welding and/or the device are tightly combined together to realize the high-quality laser welding of the red copper material;
(3) according to the method and/or the device for the red copper material double-beam composite laser welding, the customized high-power fiber laser outputs the annular beam, the total energy of the beam and the energy ratio of the annular area to the central area can be adjusted according to needs, welding penetration control is achieved, and meanwhile welding defects are reduced as much as possible;
(4) the method and/or the device for the double-beam composite laser welding of the red copper material, which are disclosed by the invention, have the advantages of simple structure and/or principle and easiness in realization, can effectively improve the laser welding penetration of the red copper material, obviously improve the forming quality of a welding seam, and promote the application and development of a laser welding technology in the red copper material processing industry.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a dual beam welding process of the present invention;
in all the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, and 1, a welding device cabinet, 2, a red copper part, 3, an adapter plate, 4, a fiber laser welding head, 5, a blue laser swing welding head, 6, a coaxial imaging system, 7, a three-dimensional workbench, 701, a Z-axis sliding table, 702, a Y-axis sliding table, 703, an X-axis sliding table, 8, a fiber support frame, 9, a display support, 901, a computer display, 902, a coaxial image display, 11, a welding line, 12, a blue laser beam, and 13, a fiber laser annular beam are provided.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a red copper material dual-beam composite laser welding device, which includes a welding device cabinet 1, a red copper part 2, a three-dimensional worktable 7 and a display mechanism, wherein a welding control system is disposed in the welding device cabinet 1 for controlling the operation of the welding device, and the three-dimensional worktable 7 is provided with a fiber laser welding head 4, a blue laser swing welding head 5 and a coaxial image system 6.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional worktable 7 is fixedly installed on the table top of the welding device cabinet 1, and includes a Z-axis sliding table 701, a Y-axis sliding table 702 and an X-axis sliding table 703, and the fiber laser welding head 4 and the blue laser swing welding head 5 are installed on the Y-axis sliding table 702 through the adapter plate 3, so as to implement three-dimensional movement of two light beams.
In this embodiment, the display mechanism includes a computer monitor 901 and a coaxial video monitor 902, which are mounted on the welding device cabinet 1 through a monitor bracket 9.
In this embodiment, the red copper part 2 is installed and fixed on the table top of the welding device cabinet 1, the welding starting point and the welding path are determined by the dedicated welding software, the alignment condition of the laser indication light and the welding starting point is observed by the coaxial image display 902, the welding teaching program is started, and the alignment condition of the laser beam and the welding seam on the whole welding track is checked.
In the present embodiment, the fiber laser welding head 4 and the blue laser swing welding head 5 are mounted on the welding device cabinet 1 through a fiber support 8.
In this embodiment, the coaxial imaging system 6 is installed on one side of the blue laser swing welding head 5, and includes a camera, and a zoom lens is installed at the lower end of the camera. Before welding, the alignment condition of the laser beam and the center of the welding seam can be checked through the coaxial image display 902, and the teaching of the welding track is realized by matching with welding software. And the weld forming condition is observed in real time in the welding process, so that abnormity is prevented.
The embodiment also provides a red copper material double-beam composite laser welding method, which utilizes the blue laser beam and the high-power optical fiber laser beam to irradiate the same point of the red copper material to form a larger and deeper molten pool so as to realize the deep fusion welding. The method comprises the following steps:
s1: the part clamping, make the blue laser swing welding head 5 and laser beam of the laser welding head of optic fibre aim at the red copper part 2 of the preset welding starting point through the movement of the three-dimensional work level 7, and make the blue laser beam perpendicular to welding surface of the red copper part 2, aim at the assembly gap of the part, the laser beam of optic fibre forms the angle of 45 degrees with welding surface at the same time, and concentric with blue laser beam 2, the two move along the welding orbit under the control of welding software, the part forms the molten bath under the heat effect of two bunches of laser, form the welding seam 11 after cooling;
s2: adjusting the focal lengths of the blue laser swing welding head 5 and the fiber laser welding head 4 according to the thickness of the red copper part 2, so that the focal point of the light beam is aligned to the surface of the red copper part 2;
s3: starting welding, starting a protective gas, a blue laser swing welding head 5 and an optical fiber laser welding head 4 in sequence, moving according to a preset welding track, swinging the blue laser swing welding head 5 according to a preset pattern, observing the welding process through a coaxial vision system until the welding end point, and finishing the welding process.
In this embodiment, the blue laser swing welding head 5 can realize high-speed scanning movement of a laser beam in any shape in a two-dimensional plane, and typical scanning patterns are S-shaped curves, spiral lines, circles and the like, so that weld forming is further optimized, and the attractiveness of a weld is improved.
In this embodiment, the fiber laser welding head 4 is a customized product, the output beam spot is in the shape of an annular beam spot, most of the laser energy is distributed in an annular area, the laser energy in the central area is small, and the central area coincides with the blue laser beam. The total energy of the fiber laser beam and the energy ratio of the annular region to the central region during the welding process can be adjusted as desired. The total energy of the fiber laser beam is used for controlling the welding depth, and the energy ratio of the annular area to the central area is used for improving the weld forming, so that the generation of bubbles and splashes is reduced as much as possible.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a compound laser welding device of two beams of red copper material which characterized in that: the welding device comprises a welding device cabinet (1), a red copper part (2) fixedly mounted on the table top of the welding device cabinet (1), a three-dimensional workbench (7) and a display mechanism, wherein a welding control system is arranged in the welding device cabinet (1), and an optical fiber laser welding head (4), a blue laser swing welding head (5) and a coaxial image system (6) are mounted on the three-dimensional workbench (7).
2. The two-beam hybrid laser welding device for the red copper material according to claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional workbench (7) comprises a Z-axis sliding table (701), a Y-axis sliding table (702) and an X-axis sliding table (703), and the optical fiber laser welding head (4) and the blue laser swing welding head (5) are installed on the Y-axis sliding table (702) through the adapter plate (3).
3. The two-beam hybrid laser welding device for the red copper material according to claim 1, wherein: the display mechanism comprises a computer display (901) and a coaxial image display (902), and is installed on the welding device cabinet (1) through a display bracket (9).
4. The two-beam hybrid laser welding device for the red copper material according to claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber laser welding head (4) and the blue laser swinging welding head (5) are installed on the welding device cabinet (1) through an optical fiber support (8).
5. The two-beam hybrid laser welding device for the red copper material according to claim 1, wherein: the coaxial image system (6) is arranged on one side of the blue laser swing welding head (5) and comprises a camera, and a zoom lens is arranged at the lower end of the camera.
6. The double-beam hybrid laser welding method for the red copper material according to claim 1, characterized in that: and irradiating the same point of the red copper part by using a blue laser beam and a high-power optical fiber laser beam to form a molten pool so as to realize deep fusion welding.
7. The double-beam hybrid laser welding method for the red copper material according to claim 6, wherein the double-beam hybrid laser welding method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: the part clamping is realized by that the laser beams of the blue laser swing welding head (5) and the fiber laser welding head (4) are aligned to the preset welding starting point of the red copper part (2) through the movement of the three-dimensional workbench (7), the blue laser beam is perpendicular to the welding surface of the red copper part (2), and the fiber laser beam and the welding surface form an angle of 45 degrees;
s2: adjusting the focal lengths of the blue laser swing welding head (5) and the optical fiber laser welding head (4) according to the thickness of the red copper part (2) to enable the light beam focus to be aligned to the surface of the red copper part (2);
s3: and starting welding, starting the blue laser swing welding head (5) and the optical fiber laser welding head (4) in sequence, moving according to a preset welding track, swinging the blue laser swing welding head (5) according to a preset pattern, observing the welding process through a coaxial vision system until the welding end point, and finishing the welding process.
8. The double-beam hybrid laser welding method for the red copper material according to claim 7, wherein the double-beam hybrid laser welding method comprises the following steps: the blue laser swinging welding head (5) can realize high-speed scanning movement of laser beams in any shape in a two-dimensional plane, and typical scanning patterns are S-shaped curves, spiral lines and circles.
9. The double-beam hybrid laser welding method for the red copper material according to claim 7, wherein the double-beam hybrid laser welding method comprises the following steps: the shape of the light spot output by the optical fiber laser welding head (4) is an annular light spot, and the central area of the light spot is superposed with the blue light laser beam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210231079.3A CN114633022A (en) | 2022-03-10 | 2022-03-10 | Red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210231079.3A CN114633022A (en) | 2022-03-10 | 2022-03-10 | Red copper material double-beam composite laser welding device and method |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN115401326A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-29 | 楚能新能源股份有限公司 | Bus bar composite laser welding method and bus bar composite laser welding equipment |
| CN116571886A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-11 | 武汉锐科光纤激光技术股份有限公司 | Laser welding device, welding control method, and welding control device |
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