CN107639344B - A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices welding method and system - Google Patents
A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices welding method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107639344B CN107639344B CN201711000744.3A CN201711000744A CN107639344B CN 107639344 B CN107639344 B CN 107639344B CN 201711000744 A CN201711000744 A CN 201711000744A CN 107639344 B CN107639344 B CN 107639344B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser and splices welding method, includes the following steps: that step 1, offer need to splice the first workpiece and second workpiece of welding, the first workpiece and second workpiece are galvanized steel plain sheet；First workpiece and second workpiece are vertically spliced and are clamped up and down by step 2；Step 3, provide laser welding system, laser welding system have first laser head, second laser head, first laser head, second laser head focus emission laser beam along welding direction be arranged side by side and be symmetric；Step 4, starting laser welding system, first laser head, second laser head focus double laser beam inclination the first workpiece surface of irradiation of formation respectively, complete welding process.It splices welding system invention additionally discloses a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser.Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has good welding effect, and simple process, control are easy, are low in cost.
Description
Technical field
It splices the method and system of welding the present invention relates to a kind of laser welding field more particularly to a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet.
Background technique
The numerous excellent performance of galvanized steel, especially its excellent Corrosion Protection and economic benefit, so that it is in the modern times
It is played a very important role in industrial production.Various types of zinc-plated plates are in automobile manufacture, building, ventilation and heating facility
And the fields such as Furniture manufacture are widely used.
However, because of the presence of zinc layers in galvanized steel, so that the welding usability of galvanized steel substantially reduces.The reason is that zinc-plated
In the welding process of steel, (fusing point of zinc coat zinc is 420 DEG C to the huge difference of coating zinc and matrix steel physical characteristic, and boiling point is
907 DEG C, the fusing point far below iron matrix is 1300 DEG C), the fusing of the gasification of coating zinc prior to matrix steel.Currently, galvanized steel
Major weld process there are three types of: resistance spot welding, arc welding and laser welding.For resistance spot welding, due to depositing for zinc coat
In, welding, electrode is easy to zinc layers alloying, reduces the service life of electrode.And when using arc welding galvanized steel, it is low due to zinc
Boiling point, when electric arc just touches zinc coat, zinc gasifies rapidly, and the zinc fume of generation sprays outward, it is easy to generate welding
Therefore the welding defects such as slag particles, stomata, splashing, incomplete fusion and crackle, the stability of electric arc are also affected, welding quality
Decline, while a large amount of smog dust can be also generated in welding process.In addition, the weld width due to arc welding is larger, and heat is defeated
Enter that amount is big, a large amount of gasifications of coating zinc reduce the corrosion resistance of galvanized steel commissure.Galvanized steel bonded lap joints use laser
When welding, the defects of equally existing gasification and weld blowhole, splashing, the incomplete fusion of zinc coat.To solve this problem, mesh
Before there are three kinds of schemes, be now respectively described below.
On November 09th, 2011 is open, and the patent of invention that notification number is 102233481 A of CN " taken with laser by galvanized steel plain sheet
Connect welding method " disclose a kind of laser lap welding method for galvanized steel sheet, the present invention is by high power laser light and is exceedingly fast
The thin long eyelet that speed of welding is formed solves the splashing of laser welding galvanized sheet bonded lap joints weld seam, pin hole to a certain extent
With the welding defects problem such as bubble eye.But it is elongated small come what is formed by high power laser light and the speed of welding being exceedingly fast in this method
Hole is difficult to control in actual welding, and high power laser sources cost greatly improves.
On 04 21st, 2010 open, and notification number is a kind of patent of invention " method for laser welding " of 101695790 A of CN
A kind of method for laser welding is disclosed, the present invention can make to weld by will reserve certain interval between galvanized sheet to be welded
Zinc fume in journey is excluded from the reserved gap, so as to overcome because of welding condition stainless steel and kirsite Shi Yifa
The problems such as raw splashing causes the effective bonded area of solder joint to reduce, and intensity declines.But this method is in actual operation, it is difficult to keep
Consistent gap so increases the match selection difficulty of laser welding process parameter.
On 08 19th, 2009 open, and notification number is a kind of patent of invention " galvanized steel sheet lap-over of 101508058 A of CN
Method for laser welding " discloses a kind of galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method, the AL- that amount containing SN is 35-45WT% by the present invention
SN Alloy Foil is placed between steel plate faying surface, recycle power be respectively 2-3KW and 3-4KW two beam laser beams to weld seam into
Row welding, solves the problems such as low efficiency in welding production, splashing, weld seam poor corrosion resistance.But there are preset gold in this method
The problems such as category foil increases process complexity, and processing cost is high.
It splices welding therefore, it is necessary to a kind of simple process, the galvanized steel plain sheet easy, that at low cost and welding effect is good of control
Method and system.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the method and system that a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet splices welding, has good welding effect, and technique
Simply, control is easy, is low in cost.
The present invention provides a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser and splices welding method, includes the following steps.
Step 1 provides the first workpiece and second workpiece of the welding that needs to splice, and the first workpiece is zinc-plated with second workpiece
Steel plate.
First workpiece and second workpiece are vertically spliced and are clamped up and down by step 2.
In one embodiment, in step 3, in laser welding system, the intersection point of double laser beam center line is just
One workpiece and second workpiece splice place.
In one embodiment, in step 3, in laser welding system, double laser beam center line and the first workpiece surface
The angle α of normal is between 10 ° -45 °.
In one embodiment, in step 3, laser welding system further include respectively with first laser head, second laser
First jet, the second nozzle that head is correspondingly arranged, first jet, second nozzle are respectively aligned to first laser head, second laser head
The position of welding, and first jet, second nozzle, first laser head, second laser head are each attached to together.
In one embodiment, in step 4, the molten bath that double laser beam is formed is in X shape, the first workpiece surface and second
In molten bath middle position, there is also unfused matrix steels for workpiece lower surface.
In one embodiment, in step 4, double laser beam exports energy, double laser beam according to the impulse waveform of setting
The impulse waveform of setting mutually staggers, so that the output of double laser beam energy rises one after another, obtains this and opens that weld keyhole closed.
It splices welding system, including first laser head, second swashs the present invention also provides a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser
Shaven head, first laser head, second laser head focus emission laser beam be arranged side by side and be symmetric along welding direction, and it is double
Laser beam exports energy according to the impulse waveform of setting, and the impulse waveform of double laser beam setting mutually staggers.
In one embodiment, laser welding system further include respectively with first laser head, second laser head is corresponding sets
First jet, the second nozzle set, first jet, second nozzle are respectively aligned to the position of first laser head, the welding of second laser head
It sets, and first jet, second nozzle, first laser head, second laser head are fixed together by connecting plate.
In one embodiment, the intersection point of double laser beam center line splices place in the first workpiece and second workpiece just,
The angle α of double laser beam center line and the first workpiece surface normal is between 10 ° -45 °.
In one embodiment, the molten bath that double laser beam is formed is in X shape, the first workpiece surface and second workpiece following table
In molten bath middle position, there is also unfused matrix steels in face.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has good welding effect, and simple process, control are easy, are low in cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser of the embodiment of the present invention splices welding method schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is welding process cross-sectional view when one energy of laser beam exports in welding method shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is welding process cross-sectional view when two energy of laser beam exports in welding method shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is one timing chart of laser beam in welding method shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is two timing chart of laser beam in welding method shown in Fig. 1.
In figure: 1. first workpiece, 2. second workpiece, 3. connecting plate, 4. first jet, 5. first laser head 6. first
The weldering of 10. welding direction of laser beam 7. second laser head, 8. second laser beam, 9. second nozzle, 11. fixture 12. first
Connect 13. molten bath of aperture, 14. second weld keyhole.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to attached drawing 1-5 and specific embodiment.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser welding method of splicing includes such as
Lower step.
Step 1, the first workpiece 1 for providing the welding that needs to splice and second workpiece 2, the first workpiece 1 are with second workpiece 2
Galvanized steel plain sheet prepares to be formed using the method for machining.In the present embodiment, the first workpiece 1 and second workpiece 2 with a thickness of
0.5mm-3mm。
The position that first jet 4, second nozzle 9 are respectively aligned to first laser head 5, second laser head 7 welds, and the first spray
Mouth 4, second nozzle 9, first laser head 5, second laser head 7 are each attached on connecting plate.In this way, first jet 4, second nozzle
9, first laser head 5, second laser head 7 can move simultaneously, control relatively simple reliable.Certainly in other embodiments, the
One nozzle 4, second nozzle 9, first laser head 5, second laser head 7 can be connected with corresponding nozzle with laser head, or even homogeneous
Mutually separation.
Double laser beam can export energy according to the impulse waveform of setting, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, bidifly
The impulse waveform that light beam is set is the rectangular pulse that mutually staggers, so that the double laser beam energy output of symmetrical side-by-side distribution
" rising one after another " (i.e. when first laser beam high-energy exports, second laser beam is in low-energy state, and vice versa), obtains
The weld keyhole of " this opens that and closes " is (i.e. when the first weld keyhole 12 that first laser beam is formed runs through the first workpiece 1 and the second work
When part 2, the second weld keyhole 14 of the not formed weld keyhole of second laser beam or formation does not run through, and vice versa, such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3
It is shown), the splice melting for locating zinc coat, evaporation and evolution had both been effectively promoted, has in turn avoided splicing and locates the direct of zinc steamed layer
Unstability weld keyhole (unstable weld keyhole) and molten bath caused by evaporating are spliced welding to overcome galvanized steel plain sheet laser
When welding process it is unstable, easily occur to splash, stomata and the problem of the defects of incomplete fusion.In the present embodiment, at rectangular pulse
When low level, the low energy of laser beam output forms the energy threshold needed lower than weld keyhole, therefore not formed welding is small
Hole.In other embodiments, as needed, when rectangular pulse is in low level, the low energy of laser beam output can be higher than weldering
The energy threshold of keyhole formation needs is connect, weld keyhole is formed.Certainly, in other embodiments, can also as needed, setting
For non-square pulse waveform.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser and splices welding system, including first laser head 5,
Second laser head 7, first laser head 5,7 focus emission of second laser head laser beam be arranged side by side along welding direction and in symmetrical
Distribution, and double laser beam exports energy according to the impulse waveform of setting, the impulse waveform of double laser beam setting mutually staggers.
Optionally, laser welding system further includes first be correspondingly arranged respectively with first laser head 5, second laser head 7
Nozzle 4, second nozzle 9, the position that first jet 4, second nozzle 9 are respectively aligned to first laser head 5, second laser head 7 welds,
And first jet 4, second nozzle 9, first laser head 5, second laser head 7 are fixed together by connecting plate.
Optionally, the intersection point of double laser beam center line splices place in the first workpiece 1 and second workpiece 2 just, double laser beam
The angle α of 1 surface normal of center line and the first workpiece is between 10 ° -45 °.
Optionally, the molten bath that double laser beam is formed is in X shape, and 1 upper surface of the first workpiece and 2 lower surface of second workpiece are in molten bath
There is also unfused matrix steels in middle position.
The embodiment of the present invention can overcome the defects of weld blowhole, splashing, incomplete fusion, and weld seam is wider, make between workpiece
It connects stronger reliable.And do not need to form thin long eyelet, the preset clearance between galvanized sheet is not needed, is not required to taking yet
Preset metal foil between junction, therefore simple process, control are easy, are low in cost.
Claims (5)
- The welding method 1. a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices, it is characterised in that include the following steps:Step 1 provides the first workpiece and second workpiece of the welding that needs to splice, and the first workpiece and second workpiece are galvanized steel Plate；First workpiece and second workpiece are vertically spliced and are clamped up and down by step 2；Step 3, provide laser welding system, laser welding system have first laser head, second laser head, first laser head, The laser beam of second laser head focus emission is arranged side by side and is symmetric, the intersection point of double laser beam center line along welding direction Just it splices place in the first workpiece and second workpiece；Step 4, starting laser welding system, first laser head, second laser head focus the double laser beam inclination spoke of formation respectively According to the first workpiece surface, double laser beam exports energy according to the impulse waveform of setting, and the impulse waveform of double laser beam setting is mutual It is staggered, so that the output of double laser beam energy rises one after another, obtains this and open that weld keyhole closed, the molten bath that double laser beam is formed is in There is also unfused matrix steels in molten bath middle position for X shape, the first workpiece surface and second workpiece lower surface, complete welding Process.
- The welding method 2. galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser according to claim 1 splices, it is characterised in that: in step 3, swash In flush weld welding system, the angle α of double laser beam center line and the first workpiece surface normal is between 10 ° -45 °.
- The welding method 3. galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser according to claim 1 splices, it is characterised in that: in step 3, swash Flush weld welding system further includes first jet, the second nozzle being correspondingly arranged respectively with first laser head, second laser head, the first spray Mouth, second nozzle be respectively aligned to first laser head, second laser head welding position, and first jet, second nozzle, first swash Shaven head, second laser head are each attached to together.
- The welding system 4. a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices, which is characterized in that including first laser head, second laser Head, first laser head, second laser head focus emission laser beam along welding direction be arranged side by side and be symmetric, double excitation The intersection point of beam center line splices place, double laser beam center line and the first workpiece surface normal in the first workpiece and second workpiece just Angle α between 10 ° -45 °, and double laser beam according to setting impulse waveform export energy, double laser beam setting pulse Waveform mutually staggers, so that the output of double laser beam energy rises one after another, obtains this and opens that weld keyhole closed, double laser beam is formed Molten bath be in X shape, in molten bath middle position, there is also unfused matrix steels with second workpiece lower surface for the first workpiece surface.
- The welding system 5. galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser according to claim 4 splices, it is characterised in that: laser welding system System further includes first jet, the second nozzle being correspondingly arranged respectively with first laser head, second laser head, first jet, second Nozzle is respectively aligned to the position of first laser head, the welding of second laser head, and first jet, second nozzle, first laser head, the Dual-laser head is fixed together by connecting plate.
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| CN107639344B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-10-15 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices welding method and system |
| CN111715998B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2022-05-31 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser welding method |
| CN109848560B (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2021-02-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-arc composite heat source device and welding method thereof |
| CN112743234B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-06-07 | 长沙理工大学 | Method and system for welding magnesium alloy thick plate by high-power laser |
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| CN104812522A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-07-29 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Laser-bonded structure and laser bonding method |
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