CN108581201A - A kind of laser filling wire welding device and method - Google Patents

A kind of laser filling wire welding device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108581201A
CN108581201A CN201810445217.1A CN201810445217A CN108581201A CN 108581201 A CN108581201 A CN 108581201A CN 201810445217 A CN201810445217 A CN 201810445217A CN 108581201 A CN108581201 A CN 108581201A
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China
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wire
welding
laser
laser welding
filling
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CN201810445217.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
朱宝华
丁凯强
李小婷
孙子路
高云峰
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Han s Laser Technology Industry Group Co Ltd
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Han s Laser Technology Industry Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810445217.1A priority Critical patent/CN108581201A/en
Publication of CN108581201A publication Critical patent/CN108581201A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20Bonding
    • B23K26/21Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/211Bonding by welding with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of laser filling wire welding device and method, the wire filling laser welding connection device includes:Laser welding head and wire feeder, the wire feeder are fixed on laser welding head, for welding wire and laser beam axis to be carried out preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle.Welding wire and laser beam axis are carried out preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle by wire feeder, can ensure the stability and reliability of wire filling laser welding, obtain good appearance of weld, to improve product qualification rate and efficiency by wire filling laser welding connection device of the present invention.

Description

A kind of laser filling wire welding device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of laser processing more particularly to a kind of laser filling wire welding device and methods.
Background technology
Laser welding has the unrivaled advantage of many traditional welding methods, but there are still many limitations for laser welding Property, general to require to be not more than 0.1mm if butt joint clearance requirement is stringent, most of use occasion is difficult to meet such assembly It is required that increase processing cost, this is also the one of the major reasons for limiting laser welding application range.Therefore, in many feelings It needs to use wire filling laser welding technique under condition.Some researches show that wire filling laser welding can not only improve the adaptability in gap, change weldering Alloying component is stitched, improves the tissue and mechanical property of welding point, moreover it is possible to improve the energy coupling of laser and workpiece.
In the industrial production, most of laser welding need to use the technique that fills silk, such as jigsaw docking, curved surface docking, T connector Fillet weld seam, slab laser welding of component etc..But state modulator is multiple in the actual production process for wire filling laser welding technique Strictly, in production palpus is equipped with welding process adaptive control system for miscellaneous, wire feed required precision, therefore is generally reluctant in industrial quarters Meaning uses.The fluctuation of wire feed position and wire feed rate, welding wire can all cause the reflex of light during laser filling wire welding Laser energy into workpiece changes, and unstable so as to cause welding process, weldquality is poor.The stability of wire filling laser welding and Poor reliability, often occur in welding process uneven weld seam, solder skip, undercut, overlap, it is wired the defects of, seriously affect product Quality and welding efficiency.It in actual production, need to be from characteristic, the wire feeder for welding light beam of light source to improve welding quality And accurate welding procedure improves up, just can guarantee the stability and reliability of wire filling laser welding, is Technology of Laser Filler Wire Welding Development provide safeguard.
Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved and developed.
Invention content
In view of above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wire filling laser welding connection device and sides Method, to overcome the stability and poor reliability of existing wire filling laser welding, often occur in welding process weld seam it is uneven, leakage Weldering, undercut, overlap, it is wired the defects of, the problem of seriously affecting the quality and welding efficiency of product.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The present invention provides a kind of wire filling laser welding connection devices, wherein including:Laser welding head and wire feeder, it is described Wire feeder is fixed on laser welding head, for welding wire to be carried out preposition send with laser beam axis in 30~75 ° of angle Silk.
The wire filling laser welding connection device, wherein the wire feeder includes:Laser welding head is fixedly connected with for pushing away The wire feed rolls for sending welding wire, driving mechanism for driving wire feed rolls to move and inclined is fixed at laser welding head Straightening mechanism.
The wire filling laser welding connection device, wherein the straightening mechanism includes:Wire feed for guiding and collimating welding wire Nozzle, and for by the wire feed nozzle fixture of the fixed setting of wire feed nozzle inclination.
The wire filling laser welding connection device, wherein described device further includes:The coaxial guarantor being arranged on laser welding head Gas nozzle is protected, and the protection gas hood for side-blown argon gas in laser welding head side is set.
The wire filling laser welding connection device, wherein described device further includes high-power semiconductor laser, wherein swash Luminous power is 2000~3000W, and optical maser wavelength is 800~1100nm, and spot size is 0.6~1.8mm.
The present invention also provides a kind of laser welding with filler wire method, wherein including step:
Welding wire and laser beam axis are subjected to preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle;
When welding, speed of welding is controlled:Wire feed rate=1:(3~5) are welded.
The laser welding with filler wire method, wherein welded using high-power semiconductor laser, wherein laser Power is 2000~3000W, and optical maser wavelength is 800~1100nm, and spot size is 0.6~1.8mm.
The laser welding with filler wire method, wherein the method further includes step:
In welding process, ensure that laser forms molten drop to welding wire heating and fusing first, base metals are also heated later Fusing forms molten bath, and welding wire molten drop subsequently enters molten bath.
The laser welding with filler wire method, wherein the method further includes step:
When welding, welding protection is carried out using the coaxial top blast mode of argon gas, and in the front end in workpiece motion s direction using guarantor The side-blown argon gas of tyre protecting shield.
The laser welding with filler wire method, wherein the method further includes step:
Before welding, position of the calibration beam relative to weld seam, to ensure that welding wire is accurately sent into the joint of optical axis and base material;
After welding, add laser delay function, with filler wire.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The present invention provides a kind of laser filling wire welding device and method, laser of the present invention Welding wire and laser beam axis are carried out preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle by wire feeder, can ensured by filler wire welding device The stability and reliability of wire filling laser welding, obtain good appearance of weld, to improve product qualification rate and efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial structural diagram of wire filling laser welding connection device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of laser welding with filler wire method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the welding wire of laser welding with filler wire method of the present invention heats schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the gas shielding condition figure of laser welding with filler wire method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that the welding wire of laser welding with filler wire method of the present invention fuses into behavior figure.
Fig. 6 is the weld seam design sketch of embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the weld seam design sketch of embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the weld seam design sketch of embodiment 3.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention provides a kind of laser filling wire welding device and method, to make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect Clearer, clear, the present invention is described in more detail for the embodiment that develops simultaneously referring to the drawings.It should be appreciated that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Wire filling laser welding connection device provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1, including:Laser welding head 8 and wire feeder 9, institute It states wire feeder 8 to be fixed on laser welding head 8, before carrying out welding wire and laser beam axis in 30~75 ° of angle Set wire feed.Welding wire and laser beam axis are carried out preposition wire feed by the present invention by wire feeder in 30~75 ° of angle, can be ensured The stability and reliability of wire filling laser welding, obtain good appearance of weld, to improve product qualification rate and efficiency.
Further, the wire feeder 9 includes:It is fixedly connected with wire feed rolls 1 of the laser welding head for pushing welding wire, is used Driving mechanism 2 in driving wire feed rolls movement and the inclined straightening mechanism 3 being fixed on laser welding head 8.Specifically , the straightening mechanism 3 includes:Wire feed nozzle 31 for guiding and collimating welding wire, and for tilting wire feed nozzle 31 Fixed setting wire feed nozzle fixture 32.Feeding stability has significant effect welding process, between welding wire and ignition tip Phase mutual friction, increases wire-feeder resistance, causes welding wire in welding process to be interrupted with laser contact, causes welding discontinuous.This hair It is bright to be fixed on wire feed nozzle on laser welding head at a certain angle, remains stationary when welding, workpiece movement, while wire feed nozzle Fixture should be made of rigid material, have certain rigidity, to ensure that wire feed process is stablized.In order to ensure that welding wire is just sent to The joint of optical axis and base material, wire feed nozzle can select taper copper mouth, i.e., collimate welding wire with a taper copper mouth.
Further, referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, the wire filling laser welding connection device further includes:It is arranged in laser welding head 8 On coaxial shielding gas mouth 4, and the protection gas hood 5 for side-blown argon gas in 8 side of laser welding head is set.Preferably, Silk screen is full of in the protection gas hood 8.Wire filling laser welding termination process will produce a large amount of plasma, and plasma has laser There is certain shielding action, and it is unstable to easily lead to wire melting.Therefore, it is removed using protective gas to welding section in welding process It carries out protection and suppressing portion is graded except gas ions, protection gas must also be utilized to ensure that welding wire fuses into behavior.The mode of selection Fig. 4 Gas shield is carried out, welding protection gas is carried out using coaxial top blast mode, and the coaxial top blast of argon gas is mainly used for preventing welding section Aoxidize, inhibit plasma and ensure that welding wire fuses into behavior (Fig. 5);The front end in workpiece motion s direction, equipped with a protection gas hood For side-blown argon gas, ensure that the when of leading to argon gas can be uniformly distributed full of silk screen in protective cover, to play protection weld seam cold But not oxidized effect during.
Further, the wire filling laser welding connection device further includes high-power semiconductor laser, wherein laser power is 2000~3000W, optical maser wavelength are 800~1100nm, and spot size is 0.6~1.8mm.High-power semiconductor laser energy point Cloth uniformly and depth of focus it is deeper, for example, may be used light beam parameters product BPP be 39.2mm*mrad, beam quality factor M2=116, Power stability is the high-power semiconductor laser of ± 2%, optical maser wavelength 915mm, in the welding process, the deviation pair of focus Wire melting influences smaller, guarantee wire melting process stabilization;Optical maser wavelength 915mm, welding wire are easier to absorb;Meanwhile laser The outer light path of device can configure selection collimation 100mm, focus 150mm optical fiber core diameter 400um, and hot spot is relatively large (> 0.6mm), protects Welding wire is demonstrate,proved within the scope of hot spot.
Based on above wire filling laser welding connection device, a kind of laser welding with filler wire method provided by the invention, such as Fig. 2 institutes Show, including:
Step S100, welding wire and laser beam axis are subjected to preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle;And
When step S200, welding, speed of welding is controlled:Wire feed rate=1:(3~5) are welded.
Further, the laser welding with filler wire method is welded using high-power semiconductor laser, wherein laser Power is 2000~3000W, and optical maser wavelength is 800~1100nm, and spot size is 0.6~1.8mm.
Further, the laser welding with filler wire method further includes step:
In welding process, ensure that laser forms molten drop to welding wire heating and fusing first, base metals are also heated later Fusing forms molten bath, and welding wire molten drop subsequently enters molten bath;
When welding, welding protection is carried out using the coaxial top blast mode of argon gas, and in the front end in workpiece motion s direction using guarantor The side-blown argon gas of tyre protecting shield;
Before welding, position of the calibration beam relative to weld seam, to ensure that welding wire is accurately sent into the joint of optical axis and base material;
After welding, add laser delay function, with filler wire.
When it is implemented, before welding, the position with semiconductor laser beam come calibration beam relative to weld seam, welding wire is answered The accurate joint for being sent into optical axis and base material, wire feed angle is generally 30~75 ° with laser beam axis angle, in this way when wire feed process When minor fluctuations occur, it also can guarantee that the droplet transfer stablizes, appearance of weld is good (as shown in Figure 3).Speed of welding and wire feed rate It is mutually matched (1:3~5).In welding process, ensure that laser forms molten drop to welding wire heating and fusing first, later base metals Also molten bath is formed by heating fusing, welding wire molten drop subsequently enters molten bath (as shown in Figure 5), and otherwise laser energy can be from play movement In penetrate, aperture cannot be formed, welding process is made to be difficult to carry out.When blowing argon gas, argon flow amount is preferably 10~20L/min.Swash Chevilled silk spacing of the light light beam with welding wire on weldment surface directly affects and melts metal in welding process to the steady of base material transition It is fixed, to influence appearance of weld, the distribution of welding material solute and mechanical property.The chevilled silk spacing of the present invention is preferably 0~ 0.5mm.After welding, add laser delay function so that wire process is cut in filler wire, reduction.
Laser filling wire welding device and method of the present invention, can improve laser filling wire welding stability, by improving wire feed Precision and wire melting stability widen the application range of Laser Welding to improve welding efficiency and weldquality.The study found that swashing Light filler wire welding stability and the fusion process of welding wire are closely bound up, the feed rate of welding wire, the interaction variation with light source The laser energy into workpiece will be caused to change.The present invention mainly passes through the improvement of wire feeder, the selection of welding light source, weldering The selection of the optimization and protective gas that connect technological parameter is stablized to improve wire melting process, to ensure the steady of wire filling laser welding Qualitative and reliability is must get well good appearance of weld.By this method can effective solution wire filling laser welding Problems Existing, Product qualification rate and efficiency can be greatly improved.
It is elaborated below to the present invention with specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment is directed to SUS304 stainless sheet steel built-up welding.When experiment, 600 mesh sand paper of stainless steel plate upper surface are beaten Then mill uses washes of absolute alcohol, remove surface oxide layer and greasy dirt.In laser beam welding, clamped with piano type fixture Weldment prevents postwelding test specimen from generating wave deformation.Test the WFD2500 that the laser welder used is big nation's Laser Self development Type semiconductor laser bonding machine, welding wire are the ER304 stainless steel wires of 0.6mm.The outer optical path allocation request optical fiber core diameter of laser welding 400um, collimation 70mm, 150mm is focused.Welding condition is:Output power 2300W, speed of welding 20mm/s, wire feed rate 60mm/s, spot diameter 0.6mm, chevilled silk space D=0.5mm, a=35 ° of wire feed angle, preposition wire feed.Argon is used when welding Gas is protected, and argon flow amount gas flow is 15L/min.As shown in fig. 6, face of weld is molded, weld seam rounding off.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is directed to SUS304 stainless sheet steel built-up welding.When experiment, stainless steel plate upper surface is polished with sand paper, so Washes of absolute alcohol is used afterwards, removes surface oxide layer and greasy dirt.In laser beam welding, weldment is clamped with piano type fixture, Prevent postwelding test specimen from generating wave deformation.Test the WFD2500 types half that the laser welder used is big nation's Laser Self development Conductor Laser bonding machine, welding wire are the ER304 stainless steel wires of 0.6mm.The outer optical path allocation request optical fiber core diameter of laser welding 400um, collimation 70mm, 200mm is focused.Welding condition is:Output power 2000W, speed of welding 30mm/s, wire feed rate 100mm/s, spot diameter 0.6mm, chevilled silk space D=0mm, a=70 ° of wire feed angle, preposition wire feed.Argon gas is used when welding It is protected, argon flow amount 20L/min.As shown in fig. 7, face of weld is molded, weld seam rounding off.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment is welded for SUS304 stainless sheet steels.SUS304 stainless steel thermal coefficients are small, line expansion is Number is big, docking gap is excessive when workpiece lateral displacement, connection or the reasons such as too small as caused by thermal contraction in welding processes, It is difficult to ensure welding quality, the defect being most also easy to produce in butt welding is to burn.When experiment, two boards carry out pair along its length It connects, docks end face and upper surface is polished with 600 mesh sand paper, then use washes of absolute alcohol, remove surface oxide layer and greasy dirt. In laser beam welding, weldment is clamped with piano type fixture, ensures that the fit-up gap between two plates is small as possible, prevents postwelding test specimen Generate wave deformation.The WFD2500 type semiconductor lasers that the laser welder used is big nation's Laser Self development are tested to weld Machine, welding wire are the ER304 stainless steel wires of 0.6mm.The outer optical path allocation request optical fiber core diameter 400um of laser welding, collimation 70mm, gather Burnt 200mm.Welding condition is:Output power 1500W, speed of welding 30mm/s, wire feed rate 100mm/s, defocusing amount are 4mm, spot diameter 0.6mm, chevilled silk space D=0mm, a=50 ° of wire feed angle, preposition wire feed.It is carried out using argon gas when welding Protection, argon flow amount 15L/min.As shown in figure 8, there is certain advantage on solving the problems, such as burn-through with this process, It can be good at solving the problems, such as burn-through, the deformation of light sheet material.
It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above for those of ordinary skills can With improvement or transformation based on the above description, all these modifications and variations should all belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention Protect range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of wire filling laser welding connection device, which is characterized in that including:Laser welding head and wire feeder, the wire feeder It is fixed on laser welding head, for welding wire and laser beam axis to be carried out preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle.
2. wire filling laser welding connection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the wire feeder includes:It is fixed to connect Wire feed rolls of the laser welding head for pushing welding wire is connect, the driving mechanism for driving wire feed rolls to move and inclined fixation The straightening mechanism being arranged on laser welding head.
3. wire filling laser welding connection device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the straightening mechanism includes:For leading Draw and collimate the wire feed nozzle of welding wire, and for by the wire feed nozzle fixture of the fixed setting of wire feed nozzle inclination.
4. wire filling laser welding connection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described device further includes:Setting is swashing Coaxial shielding gas mouth on flush weld connector, and the protection gas hood for side-blown argon gas in laser welding head side is set.
5. wire filling laser welding connection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described device further includes that high power is partly led Body laser, wherein laser power be 2000~3000W, optical maser wavelength be 800~1100nm, spot size be 0.6~ 1.8mm。
6. a kind of laser welding with filler wire method, which is characterized in that including step:
Welding wire and laser beam axis are subjected to preposition wire feed in 30~75 ° of angle;
When welding, speed of welding is controlled:Wire feed rate=1:(3~5) are welded.
7. laser welding with filler wire method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that using high-power semiconductor laser into Row welding, wherein laser power is 2000~3000W, and optical maser wavelength is 800~1100nm, and spot size is 0.6~1.8mm.
8. laser welding with filler wire method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the method further includes step:
In welding process, ensure that laser forms molten drop to welding wire heating and fusing first, base metals are also melted by heating later Molten bath is formed, welding wire molten drop subsequently enters molten bath.
9. laser welding with filler wire method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the method further includes step:
When welding, welding protection is carried out using the coaxial top blast mode of argon gas, and in the front end in workpiece motion s direction using protection gas Cover side-blown argon gas.
10. laser welding with filler wire method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the method further includes step:
Before welding, position of the calibration beam relative to weld seam, to ensure that welding wire is accurately sent into the joint of optical axis and base material;
After welding, add laser delay function, with filler wire.
CN201810445217.1A 2018-05-10 2018-05-10 A kind of laser filling wire welding device and method Pending CN108581201A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110158077A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-08-23 昆明理工大学 A kind of laser coaxial wire feed metal parts forming device of variable wire feed angle
CN110587135A (en) * 2019-08-14 2019-12-20 上海宝钢阿赛洛激光拼焊有限公司 Welding method for preventing laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking
CN110899973A (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-03-24 北京首钢冷轧薄板有限公司 Method and device for improving weld joint quality
CN110919188A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-03-27 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser welding method
CN111112837A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-05-08 福尼斯智能装备(珠海)有限公司 Laser filler wire welding process on golf head
CN111571016A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-08-25 苏州镭扬激光科技有限公司 Wire feeding laser welding machine
CN113231741A (en) * 2021-04-26 2021-08-10 南京航空航天大学 Laser welding device and method based on annular facula coaxial wire feeding

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CN206435864U (en) * 2017-01-07 2017-08-25 深圳尚拓激光技术有限公司 A kind of optical-fiber laser bonding machine
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110158077A (en) * 2019-04-22 2019-08-23 昆明理工大学 A kind of laser coaxial wire feed metal parts forming device of variable wire feed angle
CN110587135A (en) * 2019-08-14 2019-12-20 上海宝钢阿赛洛激光拼焊有限公司 Welding method for preventing laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking
CN110587135B (en) * 2019-08-14 2021-09-24 上海宝钢阿赛洛激光拼焊有限公司 Welding method for preventing laser tailor-welded blank from stamping and cracking
CN110919188A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-03-27 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 Laser welding method
CN111112837A (en) * 2019-11-26 2020-05-08 福尼斯智能装备(珠海)有限公司 Laser filler wire welding process on golf head
CN110899973A (en) * 2019-12-02 2020-03-24 北京首钢冷轧薄板有限公司 Method and device for improving weld joint quality
CN111571016A (en) * 2020-06-15 2020-08-25 苏州镭扬激光科技有限公司 Wire feeding laser welding machine
CN113231741A (en) * 2021-04-26 2021-08-10 南京航空航天大学 Laser welding device and method based on annular facula coaxial wire feeding

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Application publication date: 20180928