CN114632127A - 一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法,是以茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、金钱草、车前草、神曲、白茅根、钩藤、黄芩、焦栀子等原料药混合制成,对小儿黄疸的治疗效果好,副作用小。本发明的中药组合物在小儿黄疸临床治疗方面具有较好的推广应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体涉及一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
小儿黄疸是新生儿和婴幼儿时期常发病,是胆红素代谢异常引起血中胆红素水平升高而出现皮肤、巩膜及黏膜黄染的临床现象。产生黄疸的物质叫胆红素,脂溶性胆红素可沉着到脑神经核上,影响神经功能,引起危害极大的核黄疸。核黄疸轻则影响患儿的大脑,重则危及生命。水溶性胆红素的毒性虽小,但是能引起这种胆红素升高的肝胆疾病对人体的危害性超过它本身的毒性。当病毒侵犯肝脏,可引起较为广泛的损伤,导致炎症、水肿、充血等,影响胆红素的正常摄取和代谢等,从而阻塞肝窦,使胆汁淤积,产生黄疸症状。
随着母乳喂养率的提高,母乳性黄疸的发生率逐年增高,目前已达20%~30%。也已成为住院新生儿高胆红素血症的主要原因之一,虽然本病预后良好,严重者才需治疗,但为了顺利推广母乳喂养也应引起重视。母乳喂养的婴儿在生后4~7天出现黄疸,2~4周达高峰,一般状况良好,无溶血或贫血表现。黄疸一般持续3~4周,第2个月逐渐消退,少数可延至10周才退尽。
母乳性黄疸的病因迄今尚未完全清楚。现根据发生的时间分为早发性和晚发性两类。前者发生时间与生理性黄疸相近,认为主要与母乳喂养不当,摄入不足有关;晚发性多认为与新生儿胆红素代谢的肠肝循环增加有关,常发生于生后1~2周,可持续至8~12周。其发生的原因目前认为主要是因为母体免疫力下降、脂代谢紊乱及新生儿胆红素代谢的肠-肝循环增加有关,由于母乳本身造成,其中母乳中不饱和脂肪酸含量高母乳性黄疸患儿母亲母乳中不饱和游离脂肪酸的含量增高,对肝脏葡萄糖醛酸转移酶产生抑制是重要原因之一。
小儿黄疸既可以是生理现象,又可为多种疾病的主要表现。胆红素重度升高或虽然不很高,但同时存在缺氧、酸中毒、感染等高危因素时,可引起胆红素脑病,死亡率高,幸存者多存在远期神经系统后遗症。因此,需及时正确判断黄疸的性质,早期诊断和早期治疗。
小儿黄疸临床上多采用中西医结合及光疗等综合性的治疗措施,其中最常见的治疗办法是蓝光照射和换血。轻症可采用蓝光照射,此法为治标之法,不能治本。换血能有效地降低胆红素,但换血需要一定的条件,亦可产生一些严重不良反应,故应严格掌握指征。药物治疗如白蛋白、苯巴比妥等亦有一定的局限性。中医临床上有用茵栀黄口服液治疗新生儿黄疸的实践,但它为成人药剂,没有新生儿用药的安全性数据和临床实验数据,如直接用于新生儿黄疸的治疗则存在重大安全隐患。中医药在黄疸的治疗中有较好的作用,本发明制备得到的中药以清热利湿、凉血解毒、疏风化痰、镇静安神治疗小儿黄疸,取得了良好的效果。
专利CN104055920B公开了一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药,该中药是由寄生黄,化金丹,刺黄连,生地,栀子,南板蓝根,冬葵根,含羞草,扶桑叶,青兰,狐胆制成,治愈率为60.4%,总有效率为94.4%。
专利CN103169883B公开了一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药,该中药是由白茅根,贯叶连翘,冬葵叶,虎杖,柳枝,通草,地菍,黄柏,菜蓟,蒲公英,猪苓,甘草制成,治愈率为75%,总有效率为95%。
前述两个专利技术的治愈率、有效率不算理想,对小儿黄疸的治疗效果有限。并且,新生儿、婴幼儿的肠胃发育不完全,口服前述中药后,还会导致新生儿、婴幼儿腹泻,严重者导致脱水,后果严重。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物、制剂及其制备方法及应用,对小儿黄疸的治疗效果好,副作用小。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物,是由以下重量份的原料药混合制成的:茵陈9~12份,炒麦芽8~11份,炒谷芽8~11份,金钱草6~8份,车前草5~7份,神曲5.5~6.5份,白茅根5~6份,钩藤2~4份,黄芩2~3份,焦栀子2~3份。
优选的,是由以下重量份的原料药混合制成的:茵陈10份,炒麦芽10份,炒谷芽10份,金钱草6份,车前草6份,神曲6份,白茅根6份,钩藤3份,黄芩3份,焦栀子3份。
上述一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其8~10倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20~30分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20~25分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎1~2分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5~6倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20~25分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
本发明还要求保护一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,是由前述中药组合物按照常规工艺加入药学上的常规辅料制成的临床接受的剂型。
优选的,所述制剂为口服散剂、注射剂、灌肠剂或肚脐贴中的任一种。
优选的,所述制剂为肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述重量份的成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖20~30份,豆粕粉10~12份,酵母粉3~5份,骨粉0.8~1份,加去离子水至1000份,灭菌即得;
(B)然后向培养基中接种假蜜环菌,摇瓶培养,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述重量份的成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖20~30份,豆粕粉8~10份,中药组合物8~10份,酵母粉1~2份,骨粉0.1~0.2份,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液接种至发酵培养基中,发酵,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至45~55℃,加入发酵产物,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
进一步优选的,步骤(B)中,摇瓶培养的具体方法为:在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,150~200rpm摇瓶振荡培养8~10天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,150~200rpm摇瓶振荡培养4~5天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,150~200rpm摇瓶振荡培养3~4天,即得所述的种子液。
进一步优选的,步骤(D)中,种子液在发酵培养基中的体积接种量为2~3%,发酵的工艺条件为:25~27℃和80~100rpm条件下,有氧发酵100~110小时即可。
进一步优选的,步骤(E)中,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为7~8:1。
进一步优选的,步骤(E)中,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g。
本发明还保护上述药物组合物或制剂在制备防治小儿黄疸的药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明以茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、金钱草、车前草、神曲、白茅根、钩藤、黄芩、焦栀子等原料药,混合制成中药组合物,对小儿黄疸的治疗效果好,副作用小。本发明的中药组合物在小儿黄疸临床治疗方面具有较好的推广应用前景。各原料药的功效如下:
茵陈,主治:清湿热,退黄疸,用于黄疸尿少,湿疮瘙痒,传染性黄疸型肝炎。
炒麦芽,功效:健脾护胃、疏肝理气,主治:食积不消,脘腹胀痛,脾虚食少。
炒谷芽,功效:健脾开胃,和中消食,主治:宿食不化,胀满,泄泻,不思饮食。
金钱草,功效:清热解毒,利尿排石,活血散淤,主治:用于肝、胆结石,胆囊炎,黄疸性肝炎,泌尿系结石,水肿,跌打损伤,毒蛇咬伤,毒蕈及药物中毒。金钱草体积庞大吸水量较大,先煎获得药液后再与其他原料药同煎。
车前草,功效:清热,利尿,祛痰,凉血,解毒,主治:用于水肿尿少,热淋涩痛,暑湿泻痢,痰热咳嗽,吐血衄血,痈肿疮毒。
神曲,功效:健脾和胃,消食化积,主治:用于饮食停滞,消化不良,脘腹胀满,食欲不振,呕吐泻痢。
白茅根,功效:凉血止血,清热利尿,主治:用于血热吐血,衄血,尿血,热病烦渴,肺热咳嗽,胃热呕吐,湿热黄疸,水肿尿少,热淋涩痛。
钩藤,功效:息风定惊,清热平肝,主治:用于肝风内动,惊痫抽搐,高热惊厥,感冒夹惊,小儿惊啼,妊娠子痫,头痛眩晕。钩藤含有大量挥发油成分,应当后下。
黄芩,功效:清热燥湿,泻火解毒,止血,安胎,主治:用于湿温、暑湿,胸闷呕恶,湿热痞满,泻痢,黄疸,肺热咳嗽,高热烦渴,血热吐衄,痈肿疮毒,胎动不安。
焦栀子,功效:凉血止血,主治:用于血热吐衄,尿血崩漏。
(2)本发明以茵陈为主,起到退黄疸的作用,炒麦芽和炒谷芽为辅,健脾护胃,缓解茵陈对肠胃的刺激,避免腹泻等副作用的发生;金钱草、车前草、白茅根、钩藤、黄岑、焦栀子协同改善退黄疸效果,神曲进一步健脾和胃,避免腹泻等副作用的发生。本发明特别适合小儿黄疸的治疗,同时呵护婴幼儿的肠胃,避免造成肠胃负担。
(3)本发明可以将前述中药组合物按照常规工艺加入药学上的常规辅料制成的临床接受的剂型,比如口服散剂、注射剂、灌肠剂或肚脐贴等。特别是肚脐贴,特别适合婴幼儿使用,贴敷于肚脐,药物可通过肚脐穴位进入到人体循环中,使用方便。
在制备肚脐贴时,先将中药组合物与葡萄糖等混合制成发酵培养基,接种假蜜环菌进行发酵,所得发酵产物退黄疸效果进一步改善,并进一步缓解肠胃不适,减少腹泻等副作用的发生。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施方式,对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施方式仅仅是本发明一部分实施方式,而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明涉及的假蜜环菌,购自上海谷研实业有限公司。
如无特殊说明外,本发明中所有商品均通过市场渠道购买。
参考实施例1
一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物,是由以下原料药混合制成的:茵陈9g,炒麦芽8g,炒谷芽8g,金钱草6g,车前草5g,神曲5.5g,白茅根5g,钩藤2g,黄芩2g,焦栀子2g。
上述一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其8倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎1分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
参考实施例2
一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物,是由以下原料药混合制成的:茵陈12g,炒麦芽11g,炒谷芽11g,金钱草8g,车前草7g,神曲6.5g,白茅根6g,钩藤4g,黄芩3g,焦栀子3g。
上述一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其10倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾30分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾25分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎2分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其6倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾25分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
参考实施例3
一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物,是由以下原料药混合制成的:茵陈10g,炒麦芽10g,炒谷芽10g,金钱草6g,车前草6g,神曲6g,白茅根6g,钩藤3g,黄芩3g,焦栀子3g。
上述一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其9倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾25分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾22分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎2分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5.5倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾22分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
实施例1
一种治疗小儿黄疸的肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖20g,豆粕粉10g,酵母粉3g,骨粉0.8g,加去离子水至1000g,灭菌即得;
(B)然后在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养8天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养4天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养3天,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖20g,豆粕粉8g,参考实施例1所得中药组合物8g,酵母粉1g,骨粉0.1g,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液以体积接种量为2%接种至发酵培养基中,25℃和80rpm条件下,有氧发酵100小时,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至45℃,加入发酵产物,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为7:1,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
实施例2
一种治疗小儿黄疸的肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖30g,豆粕粉12g,酵母粉5g,骨粉1g,加去离子水至1000g,灭菌即得;
(B)然后在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,200rpm摇瓶振荡培养10天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,200rpm摇瓶振荡培养5天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,200rpm摇瓶振荡培养4天,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖30g,豆粕粉10g,参考实施例2所得中药组合物10g,酵母粉2g,骨粉0.2g,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液以体积接种量为3%接种至发酵培养基中,27℃和100rpm条件下,有氧发酵110小时,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至55℃,加入发酵产物,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为8:1,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
实施例3
一种治疗小儿黄疸的肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖25g,豆粕粉11g,酵母粉4g,骨粉0.9g,加去离子水至1000g,灭菌即得;
(B)然后在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,180rpm摇瓶振荡培养9天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,180rpm摇瓶振荡培养5天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,180rpm摇瓶振荡培养4天,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖25g,豆粕粉9g,参考实施例3所得中药组合物9g,酵母粉1.5g,骨粉0.15g,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液以体积接种量为2.5%接种至发酵培养基中,26℃和100rpm条件下,有氧发酵105小时,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至50℃,加入发酵产物,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为7.5:1,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
对比例1
一种肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:先将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至45℃,加入中药组合物,凡士林与中药组合物的质量比为7:1,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
其中,所述的中药组合物,是由以下原料药混合制成的:茵陈9g,炒麦芽8g,炒谷芽8g,金钱草6g,车前草5g,神曲5.5g,白茅根5g,钩藤2g,黄芩2g,焦栀子2g。该中药组合物制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其8倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎1分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
对比例2
一种肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖20g,豆粕粉10g,酵母粉3g,骨粉0.8g,加去离子水至1000g,灭菌即得;
(B)然后在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养8天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养4天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养3天,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖20g,豆粕粉8g,中药组合物8g,酵母粉1g,骨粉0.1g,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液以体积接种量为2%接种至发酵培养基中,25℃和80rpm条件下,有氧发酵100小时,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至45℃,加入发酵产物,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为7:1,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
其中,所述的中药组合物,是由以下原料药混合制成的:茵陈9g,炒麦芽8g,炒谷芽8g,金钱草6g,车前草5g,神曲5.5g,白茅根5g,黄芩2g,焦栀子2g。该中药组合物制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其8倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾21分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
对比例3
一种肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖20g,豆粕粉10g,酵母粉3g,骨粉0.8g,加去离子水至1000g,灭菌即得;
(B)然后在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养8天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养4天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,150rpm摇瓶振荡培养3天,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖20g,豆粕粉8g,中药组合物8g,酵母粉1g,骨粉0.1g,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液以体积接种量为2%接种至发酵培养基中,25℃和80rpm条件下,有氧发酵100小时,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至45℃,加入发酵产物,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为7:1,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,每个空白膏药贴涂布的药膏量为0.2g,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
其中,所述的中药组合物,是由以下原料药混合制成的:茵陈9g,炒麦芽8g,炒谷芽8g,金钱草6g,车前草5g,白茅根5g,钩藤2g,黄芩2g,焦栀子2g。该中药组合物制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其8倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎1分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
某医院新生儿科,新生儿黄疸患者120例(男60例,女60例),日龄2~23天,体重2800~4500g,随机分为6组,每组20例,每组年龄、性别、体重、病情比较,无显著性差异。
分别使用实施例1~3和对比例1~3所得肚脐贴对新生儿黄疸患者进行一个疗程的治疗。
肚脐贴的使用方法如下:一剂贴一天,3天为一个疗程,连续使用。
在一个疗程治疗结束后次日上午,采用JD-2型经皮黄疸仪测试确定血清胆红素浓度,并观察皮肤、粘膜及巩膜黄疸情况,统计治疗情况以及腹泻发生情况,具体判断标准为:
治愈:皮肤、粘膜及巩膜黄疸基本消退,血清胆红素<100μmol/L;
有效:皮肤、粘膜及巩膜黄疸明显较前减轻,血清胆红素100~205μmol/L;
无效:皮肤、粘膜及巩膜黄疸无减轻,血清胆红素>205μmol/L。
治疗情况以及腹泻发生情况见表1。
表1.治疗情况以及腹泻发生情况
由表1可知,实施例1~3所得肚脐贴对小儿黄疸的治愈率高,腹泻发生率低,副作用小,可用于小儿黄疸的治疗,临床应用前景好。
对比例1在制备肚脐贴时直接使用中药组合物与凡士林混合制成药膏,对比例2在制备中药组合物时略去钩藤,所得肚脐贴对小儿黄疸的治疗效果明显变差,说明假蜜环菌发酵以及中药组合物中的各成分协同改善小儿黄疸治疗效果;对比例3在制备中药组合物时略去神曲,对比例1和对比例3的腹泻发生率提高,说明假蜜环菌发酵以及中药组合物中的各成分协同降低对小儿肠胃的刺激,减少副作用的发生。
本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的技术构思,但本发明并不局限于上述实施例,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述实施例才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品个别原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式的选择等,均落在本发明的保护范围和公开范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物,其特征在于,是由以下重量份的原料药混合制成的:茵陈9~12份,炒麦芽8~11份,炒谷芽8~11份,金钱草6~8份,车前草5~7份,神曲5.5~6.5份,白茅根5~6份,钩藤2~4份,黄芩2~3份,焦栀子2~3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物,其特征在于,是由以下重量份的原料药混合制成的:茵陈10份,炒麦芽10份,炒谷芽10份,金钱草6份,车前草6份,神曲6份,白茅根6份,钩藤3份,黄芩3份,焦栀子3份。
3.权利要求1或2所述一种治疗小儿黄疸的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)先将配方量的金钱草加入其8~10倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20~30分钟,过滤取滤液,得到先煎药液;
(2)然后将配方量的茵陈、炒麦芽、炒谷芽、车前草、神曲、白茅根、黄芩、焦栀子加入步骤(1)所得先煎药液中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20~25分钟,后下配方量的钩藤,继续煎1~2分钟后停止加热,过滤,得到第一煎药液和滤渣;
(3)最后将滤渣加入其5~6倍重量的水中,大火加热至沸腾,小火维持沸腾20~25分钟,过滤,得到第二煎药液,合并第一煎药液和第二煎药液,喷雾干燥,即得所述的中药组合物。
4.一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,其特征在于,是由权利要求1或2所述中药组合物按照常规工艺加入药学上的常规辅料制成的临床接受的剂型。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂为口服散剂、注射剂、灌肠剂或肚脐贴中的任一种。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,其特征在于,所述制剂为肚脐贴,其制备方法如下:
(A)先将下述重量份的成分混合均匀制成种子培养基:葡萄糖20~30份,豆粕粉10~12份,酵母粉3~5份,骨粉0.8~1份,加去离子水至1000份,灭菌即得;
(B)然后向培养基中接种假蜜环菌,摇瓶培养,得到种子液;
(C)再将下述重量份的成分混合均匀制成发酵培养基:葡萄糖20~30份,豆粕粉8~10份,中药组合物8~10份,酵母粉1~2份,骨粉0.1~0.2份,灭菌即得;
(D)接着将种子液接种至发酵培养基中,发酵,干燥,得到发酵产物;
(E)然后将凡士林在100℃水浴条件下加热至熔融,自然降温至45~55℃,加入发酵产物,搅拌混匀,得到药膏,最后将药膏趁热均匀涂布于空白膏药贴上,自然冷却至室温,盖上防粘层,即得所述的肚脐贴。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,其特征在于,步骤(B)中,摇瓶培养的具体方法为:在500mL三角烧瓶内装入150mL种子培养基,接种1cm2假蜜环菌菌种,150~200rpm摇瓶振荡培养8~10天,得到一级摇瓶种子液;再取另外一个500mL三角烧瓶,装入150mL种子培养基,接种5mL一级摇瓶种子液,150~200rpm摇瓶振荡培养4~5天,得到二级摇瓶种子液;然后取5L三角烧瓶,装入1.5L种子培养基,接种70mL二级摇瓶种子液,150~200rpm摇瓶振荡培养3~4天,即得所述的种子液。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,其特征在于,步骤(D)中,种子液在发酵培养基中的体积接种量为2~3%,发酵的工艺条件为:25~27℃和80~100rpm条件下,有氧发酵100~110小时即可。
9.根据权利要求6所述的一种治疗小儿黄疸的制剂,其特征在于,步骤(E)中,凡士林与发酵产物的质量比为7~8:1。
10.权利要求1或2所述药物组合物或权利要求4~9中任一项所述制剂在制备防治小儿黄疸的药物中的应用。
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薛爱玲等: "中草药治疗新生儿黄疸43例体会", 《现代中西医结合杂志》 * |
薛爱玲等: "中草药治疗新生儿黄疸43例体会", 《现代中西医结合杂志》, vol. 12, no. 05, 31 March 2003 (2003-03-31), pages 518 - 519 * |
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