CN114621256A - 吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶类化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶类化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114621256A CN114621256A CN202011460404.0A CN202011460404A CN114621256A CN 114621256 A CN114621256 A CN 114621256A CN 202011460404 A CN202011460404 A CN 202011460404A CN 114621256 A CN114621256 A CN 114621256A
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- compound
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- acceptable salt
- solvate
- hydrate
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- -1 Pyrazolo [1,5-a ] pyridine compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 216
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BKBMJHBISA-N alpha-D-galacturonic acid Chemical compound O[C@H]1O[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O AEMOLEFTQBMNLQ-BKBMJHBISA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- FATUQANACHZLRT-KMRXSBRUSA-L calcium glucoheptonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)C([O-])=O FATUQANACHZLRT-KMRXSBRUSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M naphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
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- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical class OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种吡唑并[1,5‑a]吡啶类化合物及其制备方法和应用,包括所述化合物作为活性成分的药物组合物或其药学上可接受的盐。本发明进一步涉及式(I)化合物在用于治疗和预防可用野生型、基因融合型及突变型(包括但不限于G804和G810)RET激酶抑制剂治疗的疾病,包括由RET激酶介导的疾病或病症。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物领域,具体涉及吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
转染重排(RET)激酶是一种单次跨膜的受体酪氨酸激酶,对肾脏、肠神经系统的发育,神经、内分泌、造血、雄性生殖系统等的稳态维持具有重要作用。RET的结构分为胞外区、跨膜区和胞内激酶区。其配体神经营养因子(GDNF)家族不直接与RET结合,而是先与GDNF家族受体α形成复合物GFL–GFRα,继而催化RET同源二聚,使RET在胞内区域自磷酸化,继而招募衔接蛋白和通路蛋白来激活包括MAPK、PI3K、JAK-STAT、PKA和PKC在内的多种信号通路,从而参与细胞增殖、神经传导、细胞迁移和细胞分化(Alexander Drilon,Nature ReviewsClinical Oncology,2018,15:151–167)。
编码RET蛋白的基因位于人类10号染色体长臂,其异常(基因融合、突变等)可引起多种疾病,包括甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)、甲状腺髓样癌(MTC)、先天性巨结肠、肺腺癌,肠易激综合征等。
RET基因的染色体重排可能导致RET基因断裂,断裂后RET基因的3'端可以与KIF5B、TRIM33、CCDC6或NCOA4等不同的基因发生融合,形成融合基因,表达的融合蛋白表现为持续激活,驱动肿瘤的发生。据报道,RET基因融合存在于约10-20%的PTC患者中,主要为CCDC6-RET以及NCOA4-RET融合。约1%~2%的肺腺癌患者的体内存在RET融合基因,主要为KIF5B-RET、CCDC6-RET、TRIM33-RET、NCOA4-RET这四种,其中KIF5B-RET最为常见(RosellR,and Karachaliou N,Lancet Oncol.,2016,17:1623-1625)。
点突变导致的RET基因激活突变可引起多发性内分泌腺瘤2型(MEN2)的发生,表现为甲状腺、肾上腺髓质和甲状旁腺内神经内分泌细胞的增生或肿瘤(Mulligan LM,Nat RevCancer.,2014,14:173-86)。约60%的MTC患者存在RET突变。
因此,可抑制基因融合或突变RET激酶的化合物对于RET驱动肿瘤的预防和治疗是非常有用的。
数个多靶点激酶抑制剂对RET有一定的抑制活性,如卡博替尼(Cabozantinib)、凡德他尼(Vandetanib)、乐伐替尼(Lenvatini)和普纳替尼(Ponatinib),但均为非特异性的RET抑制剂。此外,由于RET与VEGFR2的激酶结构域存在大量的同源,因此这些化合物除了抑制RET,还对于包括VEGFR2在内的多个靶点都有一定抑制作用,这导致脱靶毒性风险高,难以发挥令人满意的疗效。
目前已有两个RET靶向药上市,分别是Loxo Oncology公司的LOXO-292(selpercatinib/LY3527723)以及Blurprint公司的BLU-667(pralsetinib/Gavreto)。这两个靶向药对于RET融合或突变阳性的患者表现出理想的疗效及安全性,特别是RET融合阳性的非小细胞肺癌(non small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)和RET突变阳性的髓样甲状腺癌(medullary thyroid cancer,MTC)。
在使用selpercatinib治疗RET融合阳性的NSCLC和RET突变阳性的MTC的过程中部分患者出现耐药现象,通过循环肿瘤DNA(circulating tumor DNA,ctDNA)之前RET出现了RET G810R、G810S和G810C的溶剂前沿突变。在selpercratinib的1期和2期临床试验中,一名CCDC6-RET融合阳性NSCLC患者的肿瘤组织和另一名RET融合阳性NSCLC患者的血浆中发现了RET G810的获得性突变。临床前研究报告了对selpercatinib获得性耐药的CCDC6-RET患者源性异种移植物模型中存在RET G810R突变。结构模型预测G810的突变将在空间上阻碍selpercatinib的结合,体外检测证实了抗RET的多激酶抑制剂和选择性RET抑制剂对G810突变的RET丧失活性(Solomon BJ,Tan L,Lin JJ et al.,J Thorac Oncol.2020Apr;15(4):541-549.)。
因此,本领域迫切需要开发高特异性的、高效抑制野生型、融合性及突变型(包括但不限于G804和G810)RET激酶的药物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一类新型的具有RET激酶抑制活性和/或具有良好药效学/药代动力学性能的化合物及其用途。
本发明第一方面,提供一种式I化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,
式中,
Rm和Rn各自独立地选自取代或未取代的下组基团:H、C1-C3烷基;其中,所述取代是指被1-2个卤素原子取代。
在另一优选例中,所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,Rm和Rn各自独立地选自:H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、-CH2F、CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2、-CHFCH3、-CHFCH2F、-CH2CH2CH2F或-CH2CHFCH2F。
在另一优选例中,所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,Rn选自:H或甲基;Rm选自:H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、-CH2F、CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2、-CHFCH3、-CHFCH2F、-CH2CH2CH2F或-CH2CHFCH2F。
在另一优选例中,所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,其中,所述化合物具有式II所示的结构
Rm选自:H、甲基、乙基、丙基、-CH2F、-CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2、-CHFCH3、-CHFCH2F、-CH2CH2CH2F或-CH2CHFCH2F。
在另一优选例中,所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,其中,所述化合物具有式III所示的结构
式中,
RA和RB各自独立地选自:H、F、甲基。
在另一优选例中,所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,所述化合物选自下组:
在另一优选例中,所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,其中,所述的药学上可接受的盐为醋酸盐、己二酸盐、藻朊酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、柠檬酸盐、樟脑盐、樟脑磺酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、二甘醇酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙烷磺酸盐、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、羟基乙磺酸盐、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、草酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、苯丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味酸盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、水杨酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、磺酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、十二烷酸盐。
本发明第二方面,提供一种药物组合物,其包含第一方面所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药;和药用载体或稀释剂。
在另一优选例中,所述药物组合物还包括第二癌症治疗剂。
在另一优选例中,所述的第二癌症治疗剂包括放射剂、细胞毒试剂、激酶抑制剂、免疫靶向抑制剂和血管生成抑制剂。
在另一优选例中,所述第二癌症治疗剂是选自下组的一种或多种:
PD-1抑制剂(如纳武单抗、派姆单抗、JS-001、SHR-120、BGB-A317、IBI-308、GLS-010、GB-226、STW204、HX008、HLX10、BAT1306、AK105、LZM 009或上述药物的生物类似药等)、PD-L1抑制剂(如德瓦鲁单抗、阿特珠单抗、CS1001、KN035、HLX20、SHR-1316、BGB-A333、JS003、CS1003、KL-A167、F 520、GR1405、MSB2311或上述药物的生物类似药等)、CD20抗体(如利妥昔单抗、奥滨尤妥珠单抗、奥法木单抗、托西莫单抗、替伊莫单抗等)、CD47抗体(如Hu5F9-G4、CC-90002、TTI-621、TTI-622、OSE-172、SRF-231、ALX-148、NI-1701、SHR-1603、IBI188、IMM01)、ALK抑制剂(如色瑞替尼、艾乐替尼、布加替尼、劳拉替尼、奥卡替尼)、PI3K抑制剂(如艾代拉里斯、Dactolisib、Taselisib、Buparlisib等)、BTK抑制剂(如依鲁替尼、Tirabrutinib、Acalabrutinib等)、EGFR抑制剂(如阿法替尼、吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、拉帕替尼、达克替尼、埃克替尼、卡奈替尼等)、VEGFR抑制剂(如索拉非尼、帕唑帕尼、瑞伐替尼、卡博替尼、舒尼替尼、多纳非尼等)、HDAC抑制剂(如Givinostat、Droxinostat、恩替诺特、达西司特、泰克地那林等)、CDK抑制剂(如帕博西尼、瑞博西尼、Abemaciclib、Lerociclib等)、MEK抑制剂(如司美替尼(AZD6244)、曲美替尼(GSK1120212)、PD0325901、U0126、AS-703026、PD184352(CI-1040)等)、Akt抑制剂(如MK-2206、Ipatasertib、Capivasertib、Afuresertib、Uprosertib等)、mTOR抑制剂(如Vistusertib等)、SHP2抑制剂(如RMC-4630、JAB-3068、TNO155等)、IGF-1R抑制剂(如Ceritinib、奥卡替尼、linsitinib、BMS-754807、GSK1838705A等)或其组合。
本发明第三方面,提供一种第一方面所述的化合物或第二方面所述的药物组合物在制备用于抑制细胞或受试者中的RET激酶活性的药物中的用途。
在另一优选例中,所述的RET激酶为野生型、基因融合型及突变型。
在另一优选例中,所述的RET激酶为突变型,优选地为G804和G810。
在另一优选例中,所述药物用于治疗与RET相关疾病与下述失调:RET基因、RET激酶、或其中任何一者的表达或活性或水平失调。
在另一优选例中,所述疾病选自下组:眼疾疾病、风湿性关节炎、肺纤维化、肝纤维化、肿瘤,所述肿瘤包括:膀胱癌、卵巢癌、腺癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、结肠癌、肺癌、骨癌、脑癌、神经细胞瘤、直肠癌、结肠癌、家族性腺瘤性息肉性癌、遗传性非息肉性结直肠癌、食管癌、唇癌、喉癌、下咽癌、舌癌、唾液腺癌、胃癌、腺癌、甲状腺髓样癌、乳头状甲状腺癌、肾癌、肾实质癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、子宫体癌、子宫内膜癌、绒毛膜癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、睾丸癌、泌尿癌、黑素瘤、急性淋巴性白血病、慢性淋巴性白血病、急性骨髓性白血病、慢性粒细胞白血病、肝细胞癌、胆囊癌、支气管癌、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、多发性骨髓瘤。
本发明第四方面,提供一种第一方面所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(i-1)在惰性溶剂中,碱性条件下(例如,Cs2CO3等),化合物2-1和羟基保护试剂(例如,苄基溴)反应,得到化合物2-2;
(i-2)在惰性溶剂中,碱性条件(例如,K3PO4)和催化剂(例如,碘化亚铜和L-脯氨酸)存在下,化合物2-2与胺化合物NHRmRn反应,得到化合物2-3;
(i-3)在惰性溶剂中,酸性条件(例如,HBr)下,化合物2-3脱保护,得到化合物2-4;
(i-4)在惰性溶剂中,化合物2-4与PhNTf2反应,得到化合物2-5;
(i-5)在惰性溶剂中,催化剂存在(例如,钯催化剂和卤化亚铜)下,化合物2-5与化合物1-8反应,得到式I化合物;
式中,Rm、Rn的定义如上所述。
在另一优选例中,所述式I化合物的制备还包括如下步骤:
(i)在惰性溶剂(例如DMSO)中,碱性条件下(例如,K2CO3、Na2CO3、Cs2CO3等),化合物1-1和化合物1-2反应,得到化合物1-3;
(ii)在惰性溶剂中,在酸性条件(例如,三氟乙酸)下,化合物1-3脱胺保护得到化合物1-4;
(iii)在惰性溶剂中,还原剂(例如,NaBH(OAc)3)存在下,化合物1-4与化合物1-5进行还原胺化,得到化合物1-6;
(iv)在惰性溶剂(例如,DMF)中,催化剂作用(例如,钯催化剂)下,化合物1-6与联硼频哪醇酯反应,得到化合物1-8。
本发明第五方面,提供了一种治疗RET相关疾病的方法,所述方法包括给予被鉴定或诊断为具有RET相关疾病的受试者治疗有效量的如上第一方面所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物,或如上第二方面所述的药物组合物。
本发明第六方面,提供一种用于抑制细胞或受试者中的RET激酶活性的方法,所述方法包括使所述细胞接触或向所述受试者施用如上第一方面所述的化合物或第二方面药物组合物的步骤。
在另一优选例中,所述细胞为哺乳动物细胞。
在另一优选例中,所述受试者为哺乳动物,优选为人。
应理解,在本发明范围内中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅,在此不再一一累述。
具体实施方式
本发明人经过广泛而深入的研究,通过合理设计发现了一类具有较好的RET激酶活性(野生型,基因融合型以及多种突变型RET激酶),尤其是突变型RET激酶,同时对VEGFR2激酶具有较好的选择性的化合物。此外,所述化合物对RET激酶敏感的细胞均具有优异的抑制活性,并且具有良好药效学/药代动力学性能。在此基础上,完成了本发明。
术语
在本发明中,除非特别指出,所用术语具有本领域技术人员公知的一般含义。
当通过从左向右书写的常规化学式描述取代基时,该取代基也同样包括从右向左书写结构式时所得到的在化学上等同的取代基。举例而言,-CH2O-等同于-OCH2-。
术语“烷基”本身或作为另一取代基的一部分,是指具有指定的碳原子数的直链或支链烃基(即,C1-C6是指一个至六个碳原子)。烷基的实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、正戊基、正己基及其类似烷基。烷基中的一个或多个位置被取代,尤其是1-4个取代基,可在任何位置上取代。
术语“卤代烷基”指包括具有指定碳原子数且取代有1个或多个卤素的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团。卤代烷基的实例包括但不限于氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、三氯甲基、五氟乙基、五氯乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、七氟丙基和七氯丙基。卤代烷基的实例还包括具有指定碳原子数且取代有1个或多个氟原子的支链和直链饱和脂族烃基团的“氟烷基”。
在本发明中,术语“取代”指特定的基团上的一个或多个氢原子被特定的取代基所取代。特定的取代基为在前文中相应描述的取代基,或各实施例中所出现的取代基。除非特别说明,某个取代的基团可以在该基团的任何可取代的位点上具有一个选自特定组的取代基,所述的取代基在各个位置上可以是相同或不同的。本领域技术人员应理解,本发明所预期的取代基的组合是那些稳定的或化学上可实现的组合。典型的取代包括但不限于一个或多个以下基团:如氢、氘、卤素(例如,单卤素取代基或多卤素取代基,后者如三氟甲基或包含Cl3的烷基)、腈基、硝基、氧代(如=O)、三氟甲基、三氟甲氧基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、杂环、芳环、ORa、SRa、S(=O)Re、S(=O)2Re、P(=O)2Re、S(=O)2ORe,P(=O)2ORe、NRbRc、NRbS(=O)2Re、NRbP(=O)2Re、S(=O)2NRbRc、P(=O)2NRbRc、C(=O)ORd、C(=O)Ra、C(=O)NRbRc、OC(=O)Ra、OC(=O)NRbRc、NRbC(=O)ORe、NRdC(=O)NRbRc、NRdS(=O)2NRbRc、NRdP(=O)2NRbRc、NRbC(=O)Ra、或NRbP(=O)2Re,其中,Ra可以独立表示氢、氘、烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、杂环或芳环,Rb、Rc和Rd可以独立表示氢、氘、烷基、环烷基、杂环或芳环,或者Rb和Rc与N原子一起可以形成杂环;Re可以独立表示氢、烷基、环烷基、烯基、炔基、杂环或芳环。上述典型的取代基,如烷基、环烷基、烯基、环烯基、炔基、杂环或芳环可以任选取代。所述取代基例如(但并不限于):卤素、羟基、氰基、羧基(-COOH)、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8环烷基、3-12元杂环基、芳基、杂芳基、C1-C8醛基、C2-C10酰基、C2-C10酯基、胺基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C10磺酰基、及C1-C6脲基等。
除非另外说明,假定任何不满价态的杂原子有足够的氢原子补充其价态。
术语“卤代”或“卤素”包括氟、氯、溴和碘。
活性成分
如本文所用,术语“本发明的化合物”或“本发明的活性成分”可互换使用,指式I化合物、或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物(如氘代化合物)或前药。该术语还包括外消旋体、光学异构体。
本发明中的化合物可能形成的盐也是属于本发明的范围。除非另有说明,本发明中的化合物被理解为包括其盐类。在此使用的术语“盐”,指用无机或有机酸和碱形成酸式或碱式的盐。此外,当本发明中的化合物含一个碱性片段时,它包括但不限于吡啶或咪唑,含一个酸性片段时,包括但不限于羧酸,可能形成的两性离子(“内盐”)包含在术语“盐”的范围内。药学上可接受的(即无毒,生理可接受的)盐是首选,虽然其他盐类也有用,例如可以用在制备过程中的分离或纯化步骤。本发明的化合物可能形成盐,例如,化合物I与一定量如等当量的酸或碱反应,在介质中盐析出来,或在水溶液中冷冻干燥得来。
本发明中的化合物含有的碱性片段,包括但不限于胺或吡啶或咪唑环,可能会和有机或无机酸形成盐。可以成盐的典型的酸包括醋酸盐(如用醋酸或三卤代醋酸,如三氟乙酸)、己二酸盐、藻朊酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、柠檬酸盐、樟脑盐、樟脑磺酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、二甘醇酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙烷磺酸盐、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、羟基乙磺酸盐(如,2-羟基乙磺酸盐)、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐(如,2-萘磺酸盐)、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、草酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、苯丙酸盐(如3-苯丙酸盐)、磷酸盐、苦味酸盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐,水杨酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐(如与硫酸形成的)、磺酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐如对甲苯磺酸盐、十二烷酸盐等等。
本发明中化合物的前药及溶剂合物也在涵盖的范围之内。此处术语“前药”是指一种化合物,在治疗相关疾病时,经过代谢或化学过程的化学转化而产生本发明中的化合物、盐、或溶剂合物。本发明的化合物包括溶剂合物,如水合物。
本发明中的化合物、盐或溶剂合物,可能存在的互变异构形式(例如酰胺和亚胺醚)。所有这些互变异构体都是本发明的一部分。
所有化合物的立体异构体(例如,那些由于对各种取代可能存在的不对称碳原子),包括其对映体形式和非对映形式,都属于本发明的设想范围。本发明中的化合物独立的立体异构体可能不与其他异构体同时存在(例如,作为一个纯的或者实质上是纯的光学异构体具有特殊的活性),或者也可能是混合物,如消旋体,或与所有其他立体异构体或其中的一部分形成的混合物。本发明的手性中心有S或R两种构型,由理论与应用化学国际联合会(IUPAC)1974年建议定义。外消旋形式可通过物理方法解决,例如分步结晶,或通过衍生为非对映异构体分离结晶,或通过手性柱色谱法分离。单个的光学异构体可通过合适的方法由外消旋体得到,包括但不限于传统的方法,例如与光学活性酸成盐后再结晶。
本发明中的化合物,依次通过制备、分离纯化获得的该化合物其重量含量等于或大于90%,例如,等于或大于95%,等于或大于99%(“非常纯”的化合物),在正文描述列出。此处这种“非常纯”本发明的化合物也作为本发明的一部分。
本发明的化合物所有的构型异构体都在涵盖的范围之内,无论是混合物、纯的或非常纯的形式。在本发明化合物的定义包含顺式(Z)和返式(E)两种烯烃异构体,以及碳环和杂环的顺式和反式异构体。
在整个说明书中,基团和取代基可以被选择以提供稳定的片段和化合物。
特定官能团和化学术语定义都详细介绍如下。对本发明来说,化学元素与Periodic Table of the Elements,CAS version,Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,75th Ed.中定义的一致。特定官能团的定义也在其中描述。此外,有机化学的基本原则以及特定官能团和反应性在“Organic Chemistry”,Thomas Sorrell,University ScienceBooks,Sausalito:1999,也有说明,其全部内容纳入参考文献之列。
本发明的某些化合物可能存在于特定的几何或立体异构体形式。本发明涵盖所有的化合物,包括其顺式和反式异构体、R和S对映异构体、非对映体、(D)型异构体、(L)型异构体、外消旋混合物和其它混合物。另外不对称碳原子可表示取代基,如烷基。所有异构体以及它们的混合物,都包涵在本发明中。
按照本发明,同分异构体的混合物含有异构体的比率可以是多样的。例如,在只有两个异构体的混合物可以有以下组合:50:50,60:40,70:30,80:20,90:10,95:5,96:4,97:3,98:2,99:1,或100:0,异构体的所有比率都在本发明范围之内。本专业内一般技术人员容易理解的类似的比率,及为更复杂的异构体的混合物的比率也在本发明范围之内。
本发明还包括同位素标记的化合物,等同于原始化合物在此公开。不过实际上对一个或更多的原子被与其原子量或质量序数不同的原子取代通常会出现。可以列为本发明的化合物同位素的例子包括氢,碳,氮,氧,磷,硫,氟和氯同位素,分别如2H、3H、13C、11C、14C、15N、18O、17O、31P、32P、35S、18F和36Cl。本发明中的化合物,或对映体,非对映体,异构体,或药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物,其中含有上述化合物的同位素或其他同位素原子都在本发明的范围之内。本发明中某些同位素标记化合物,例如3H和14C的放射性同位素也在其中,在药物和底物的组织分布实验中是有用的。氚,即3H和碳-14,即14C,它们的制备和检测比较容易。是同位素中的首选。此外,较重同位素取代如氘,即2H,由于其很好的代谢稳定性在某些疗法中有优势,例如在体内增加半衰期或减少用量,因此,在某些情况下可以优先考虑。同位素标记的化合物可以用一般的方法,通过用易得的同位素标记试剂替换为非同位素的试剂,用批露在示例中的方案可以制备。
如果要设计一个本发明的化合物特定的对映体的合成,它可以不对称合成制备,或用手性辅剂衍生化,将所产生的非对映混合物分离,再除去手性辅剂而得到纯的对映体。另外,如果分子中含有一个碱性官能团,如氨基酸,或酸性官能团,如羧基,可以用合适的光学活性的酸或碱的与之形成非对映异构体盐,再通过分离结晶或色谱等常规手段分离,然后就得到了纯的对映体。
如本文所述,本发明中的化合物可与任何数量取代基或官能团取而扩大其包涵范围。通常,术语“取代”不论在术语“可选”前面或后面出现,在本发明配方中包括取代基的通式,是指用指定结构取代基,代替氢自由基。当特定结构中的多个在位置被多个特定的取代基取代时,取代基每一个位置可以是相同或不同。本文中所使用的术语“取代”包括所有允许有机化合物取代。从广义上讲,允许的取代基包括非环状的、环状的、支链的非支链的、碳环的和杂环的,芳环的和非芳环的有机化合物。在本发明中,如杂原子氮可以有氢取代基或任何允许的上文所述的有机化合物来补充其价态。此外,本发明是无意以任何方式限制允许取代有机化合物。本发明认为取代基和可变基团的组合在以稳定化合物形式在疾病的治疗上是很好的。此处术语“稳定”是指具有稳定的化合物,在足够长的时间内检测足以维持化合物结构的完整性,最好是在足够长的时间内都在效,本文在此用于上述目的。
本申请所涉及的化合物及其药学可接受的盐的代谢产物,以及可以在体内转变为本申请所涉及的化合物及其药学可接受的盐的结构的前药,也包含在本申请的权利要求中。
制备方法
下面更具体地描述本发明式(I)结构化合物的制备方法,但这些具体方法不对本发明构成任何限制。本发明化合物还可以任选将在本说明书中描述的或本领域已知的各种合成方法组合起来而方便的制得,这样的组合可由本发明所属领域的技术人员容易的进行。
通常,在制备流程中,各反应通常惰性气体保护下,适当溶剂中,在室温到90℃下进行,反应时间通常为2-24小时。
优选地,式I化合物采用如下方法制备:
式中,Rm、Rn具有本发明所述的定义;
(i)在惰性溶剂(例如DMSO)中,碱性条件下(例如,K2CO3、Na2CO3、Cs2CO3等),化合物1-1和化合物1-2反应,得到化合物1-3;
(ii)在惰性溶剂中,在酸性条件(例如,三氟乙酸)下,化合物1-3脱胺保护得到化合物1-4;
(iii)在惰性溶剂中,还原剂(例如,NaBH(OAc)3)存在下,化合物1-4与化合物1-5进行还原胺化,得到化合物1-6;
(iv)在惰性溶剂(例如,DMF)中,催化剂作用(例如,钯催化剂)下,化合物1-6与联硼频哪醇酯反应,得到化合物1-8;
(v)在惰性溶剂中,碱性条件下(例如,Cs2CO3等),化合物2-1和羟基保护试剂(例如,苄基溴)反应,得到化合物2-2;
(vi)在惰性溶剂中,碱性条件(例如,K3PO4)和催化剂(例如,碘化亚铜和L-脯氨酸)作用下,化合物2-2与胺化合物NHRmRn反应,得到化合物2-3;
(vii)在惰性溶剂中,酸性条件(例如,HBr)下,化合物2-3脱保护,得到化合物2-4;
(viii)在惰性溶剂中,化合物2-4与PhNTf2反应,得到化合物2-5;
(ix)在惰性溶剂中,催化剂作用(例如,钯催化剂和卤化亚铜)下,化合物2-5与化合物1-8反应,得到化合物I。
以上反应步骤中,反应溶剂、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂等可以根据具体的反应物进行选择。
药物组合物和施用方法
本发明所述的药物组合物用于预防和/或治疗以下疾病:炎症、癌症、心血管疾病、感染、免疫性疾病、代谢性疾病。
通式(I)所述化合物可以与已知的治疗或改进相似病状的其他药物联用。联合给药时,原来药物的给药方式和剂量可以保持不变,而同时或随后服用式I的化合物。当式I化合物与其它一种或几种药物同时服用时,可以优选使用同时含有一种或几种已知药物和式I化合物的药用组合物。药物联用也包括在重叠的时间段服用式I化合物与其它一种或几种已知药物。当式I化合物与其它一种或几种药物进行药物联用时,式I化合物或已知药物的剂量可能比它们单独用药的剂量低。
可以与通式(I)所述化合物进行药物联用的药物或活性成分包括但不局限为:PD-1抑制剂(如纳武单抗、派姆单抗、JS-001、SHR-120、BGB-A317、IBI-308、GLS-010、GB-226、STW204、HX008、HLX10、BAT1306、AK105、LZM 009或上述药物的生物类似药等)、PD-L1抑制剂(如德瓦鲁单抗、阿特珠单抗、CS1001、KN035、HLX20、SHR-1316、BGB-A333、JS003、CS1003、KL-A167、F 520、GR1405、MSB2311或上述药物的生物类似药等)、CD20抗体(如利妥昔单抗、奥滨尤妥珠单抗、奥法木单抗、托西莫单抗、替伊莫单抗等)、CD47抗体(如Hu5F9-G4、CC-90002、TTI-621、TTI-622、OSE-172、SRF-231、ALX-148、NI-1701、SHR-1603、IBI188、IMM01)、ALK抑制剂(如色瑞替尼、艾乐替尼、布加替尼、劳拉替尼、奥卡替尼)、PI3K抑制剂(如艾代拉里斯、Dactolisib、Taselisib、Buparlisib等)、BTK抑制剂(如依鲁替尼、Tirabrutinib、Acalabrutinib等)、EGFR抑制剂(如阿法替尼、吉非替尼、厄洛替尼、拉帕替尼、达克替尼、埃克替尼、卡奈替尼等)、VEGFR抑制剂(如索拉非尼、帕唑帕尼、瑞伐替尼、卡博替尼、舒尼替尼、多纳非尼等)、HDAC抑制剂(如Givinostat、Droxinostat、恩替诺特、达西司特、泰克地那林等)、CDK抑制剂(如帕博西尼、瑞博西尼、Abemaciclib、Lerociclib等)、MEK抑制剂(如司美替尼(AZD6244)、曲美替尼(GSK1120212)、PD0325901、U0126、AS-703026、PD184352(CI-1040)等)、Akt抑制剂(如MK-2206、Ipatasertib、Capivasertib、Afuresertib、Uprosertib等)、mTOR抑制剂(如Vistusertib等)、SHP2抑制剂(如RMC-4630、JAB-3068、TNO155等)、IGF-1R抑制剂(如Ceritinib、奥卡替尼、linsitinib、BMS-754807、GSK1838705A等)或其组合。
本发明药物组合物的剂型包括(但并不限于):注射剂、片剂、胶囊剂、气雾剂、栓剂、膜剂、滴丸剂、外用擦剂、控释型或缓释型或纳米制剂。
本发明的药物组合物包含安全有效量范围内的本发明化合物或其药理上可接受的盐及药理上可以接受的赋形剂或载体。其中“安全有效量”指的是:化合物的量足以明显改善病情,而不至于产生严重的副作用。通常,药物组合物含有1-2000mg本发明化合物/剂,更佳地,含有10-1000mg本发明化合物/剂。较佳地,所述的“一剂”为一个胶囊或药片。
“药学上可以接受的载体”指的是:一种或多种相容性固体或液体填料或凝胶物质,它们适合于人使用,而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。“相容性”在此指的是组合物中各组份能和本发明的化合物以及它们之间相互掺和,而不明显降低化合物的药效。药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素钠、纤维素乙酸酯等)、明胶、滑石、固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁)、硫酸钙、植物油(如豆油、芝麻油、花生油、橄榄油等)、多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇等)、乳化剂(如吐温)、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠)、着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、无热原水等。
本发明化合物或药物组合物的施用方式没有特别限制,代表性的施用方式包括(但并不限于):口服、瘤内、直肠、肠胃外(静脉内、肌肉内或皮下)、和局部给药。
用于口服给药的固体剂型包括胶囊剂、片剂、丸剂、散剂和颗粒剂。在这些固体剂型中,活性化合物与至少一种常规惰性赋形剂(或载体)混合,如柠檬酸钠或磷酸二钙,或与下述成分混合:(a)填料或增容剂,例如,淀粉、乳糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露醇和硅酸;(b)粘合剂,例如,羟甲基纤维素、藻酸盐、明胶、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、蔗糖和阿拉伯胶;(c)保湿剂,例如,甘油;(d)崩解剂,例如,琼脂、碳酸钙、马铃薯淀粉或木薯淀粉、藻酸、某些复合硅酸盐、和碳酸钠;(e)缓溶剂,例如石蜡;(f)吸收加速剂,例如,季胺化合物;(g)润湿剂,例如鲸蜡醇和单硬脂酸甘油酯;(h)吸附剂,例如,高岭土;和(i)润滑剂,例如,滑石、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸镁、固体聚乙二醇、十二烷基硫酸钠,或其混合物。胶囊剂、片剂和丸剂中,剂型也可包含缓冲剂。
固体剂型如片剂、糖丸、胶囊剂、丸剂和颗粒剂可采用包衣和壳材制备,如肠衣和其它本领域公知的材料。它们可包含不透明剂,并且,这种组合物中活性化合物或化合物的释放可以延迟的方式在消化道内的某一部分中释放。可采用的包埋组分的实例是聚合物质和蜡类物质。必要时,活性化合物也可与上述赋形剂中的一种或多种形成微胶囊形式。
用于口服给药的液体剂型包括药学上可接受的乳液、溶液、悬浮液、糖浆或酊剂。除了活性化合物外,液体剂型可包含本领域中常规采用的惰性稀释剂,如水或其它溶剂,增溶剂和乳化剂,例知,乙醇、异丙醇、碳酸乙酯、乙酸乙酯、丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、二甲基甲酰胺以及油,特别是棉籽油、花生油、玉米胚油、橄榄油、蓖麻油和芝麻油或这些物质的混合物等。
除了这些惰性稀释剂外,组合物也可包含助剂,如润湿剂、乳化剂和悬浮剂、甜味剂、矫味剂和香料。
除了活性化合物外,悬浮液可包含悬浮剂,例如,乙氧基化异十八烷醇、聚氧乙烯山梨醇和脱水山梨醇酯、微晶纤维素、甲醇铝和琼脂或这些物质的混合物等。
用于肠胃外注射的组合物可包含生理上可接受的无菌含水或无水溶液、分散液、悬浮液或乳液和用于重新溶解成无菌的可注射溶液或分散液的无菌粉末。适宜的含水和非水载体、稀释剂、溶剂或赋形剂包括水、乙醇、多元醇及其适宜的混合物。
用于局部给药的本发明化合物的剂型包括软膏剂、散剂、贴剂、喷射剂和吸入剂。活性成分在无菌条件下与生理上可接受的载体及任何防腐剂、缓冲剂,或必要时可能需要的推进剂一起混合。
本发明治疗方法可以单独施用,或者与其它治疗手段或者治疗药物联用。
使用药物组合物时,是将安全有效量的本发明化合物适用于需要治疗的哺乳动物(如人),其中施用时剂量为药学上认为的有效给药剂量,对于60kg体重的人而言,日给药剂量通常为1~2000mg,优选50~1000mg。当然,具体剂量还应考虑给药途径、病人健康状况等因素,这些都是熟练医师技能范围之内的。
本发明还提供了一种药物组合物的制备方法,包括步骤:将药学上可接受的载体与本发明所述通式(I)化合物或其晶型、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物进行混合,从而形成药物组合物。
本发明还提供了一种治疗方法,它包括步骤:给需要治疗的对象施用本发明中所述通式(I)化合物,或其晶型、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物,或施用本发明所述的药物组合物,用于选择性地抑制RET,尤其是突变型RET。
本发明具有以下主要优点:
(1)本发明化合物对RET激酶具有优良的抑制能力,以及对RET激酶具有优良选择性,对VEGFR2等其他激酶的抑制活性低。
(2)本发明化合物具有更低的毒副作用。
(3)本发明化合物更好的药效学、药代动力学性能。
(4)本发明化合物对野生型、基因融合型及突变型(包括但不限于G804和G810的突变)的RET激酶均具有理想的抑制活性。
(5)本发明化合物构效关系数据表明,Rm为乙基或氟代乙基(优选CH2CH2F),Rn为H或甲基(优选为H)时,本发明化合物对G804和G810突变的RET具有较好的抑制活性。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件如Sambrook等人,分子克隆:实验室手册(New York:Cold Spring Harbor LaboratoryPress,1989)中所述的条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域熟练人员所熟悉的意义相同。此外,任何与所记载内容相似或均等的方法及材料皆可应用于本发明方法中。文中所述的较佳实施方法与材料仅作示范之用。
本发明的化合物结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)和液质联用色谱(LC-MS)来确定的。
NMR是使用Bruker AVANCE-400和Bruker AVANCE-500核磁仪检测的,测定溶剂包含氘代二甲亚砜(DMSO-d6)、氘代丙酮(CD3COCD3)、氘代氯仿(CDCl3)及氘代甲醇(CD3OD)等,内标采用四甲基硅烷(TMS),化学位移以百万分之一(ppm)的单位计量。
液质联用色谱(LC-MS)是使用Agilent 1260质谱仪检测的。HPLC的测定使用Agilent1100高压色谱仪(Microsorb 5micron C18 100x 3.0mm色谱柱)。
薄层层析硅胶板使用青岛GF254硅胶板,TLC采用的是0.15-0.20mm,制备薄层色谱采用的是0.4mm-0.5mm。柱层析一般使用青岛硅胶200-300目硅胶作为载体。
本发明实施例中的起始原料都是已知并有市售的,或者可以采用或按照本领域已报道的文献资料合成的。
除特殊说明外,本发明所有反应均在干燥的惰性气体(如氮气或氩气)保护下通过连续磁力搅拌进行,反应温度均为摄氏度。
下列简写词的使用贯穿本发明
THF:四氢呋喃
MeOH:甲醇
HCl:盐酸
Pd(PPh3)4:四三苯基膦钯
K2CO3:碳酸钾
AcOK:醋酸钾
NaOH:氢氧化钠
H2O:水
TEA:三乙胺
DIEA:N,N-二异丙基乙胺
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMA:N,N-二甲基乙酰胺
Py:吡啶
DCE:1,2-二氯乙烷
DMSO:二甲基亚砜
TFA:三氟乙酸
NaBH(AcO)3:三乙酰基硼氢化钠
Sn2(Bu-n)6:六己基二锡
AlCl3:三氯化铝
CuI:碘化亚铜
DPPA:叠氮磷酸二苯酯
BuOH:叔丁醇
Cs2CO3:碳酸铯
K3PO4:磷酸钾
BnBr:苄溴
Pd2(dba)3:三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯
X-Phos:2-二环己基磷-2,4,6-三异丙基联苯
EA:乙酸乙酯
NaHCO3:碳酸氢钠
DIPEA:N,N-二异丙基乙胺
HBr:溴化氢
实施例
中间体1的合成:
步骤1:合成4-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁基酯
将5-溴-2-氟吡啶(10g,56.8mmol)、碳酸钾(31g,227.3mmol)和叔丁基哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(10.6g,56.8mmol)溶解在DMF(50mL)中,反应液120℃搅拌反应16h,监测反应完全后,加水(50mL)和EA(30mL*2)萃取,有机相水洗,干燥浓缩,柱层析,得到4-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁基酯15g。MS m/z(ESI):342.5[M+H]+。
步骤2:合成1-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)哌嗪
室温下,将4-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁基酯(15g,43.99mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(20mL)中,然后加入盐酸二氧六环(80mL),该溶液在室温下反应1小时,监测反应完全,反应液浓缩,用碳酸钾溶液调到pH=9,用乙酸乙酯萃取,有机相水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析,得到1-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)哌嗪8.5g。MS m/z(ESI):242.2[M+H]+。
步骤3:合成1-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)-4-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)哌嗪
将1-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)哌嗪(8.5g,35.3mmol)溶解在二氯甲烷(150mL)中,加入三乙酰基硼氢化钠(22.5g,105.9mmol)和6-甲氧基烟醛(9.7g,70.6mmol),然后室温搅拌反应2h,监测反应完全后,加二氯甲烷稀释,用氯化铵溶液(50mL)淬灭反应,二氯甲烷(50mL*2.)萃取,有机相水洗,干燥浓缩,柱层析,得到1-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)-4-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)哌嗪8.3g。MS m/z(ESI):363.3[M+H]+。
步骤4:合成1-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-4-(5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧戊环-2-基)吡啶-2-基)哌嗪
将1-(5-溴吡啶-2-基)-4-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)哌嗪(8.3g,22.93mmol)溶解在DMF(40mL)中,加入联硼酸频那醇酯(11.65g,45.86mmol)、醋酸钯(0.26g,1.15mmol),三苯基膦(1.2g,4.586mmol)和醋酸钾(6.74g,68.78mmol)。然后80℃搅拌反应16h,监测反应完全后,加水稀释,乙酸乙酯(30mL*2)萃取,有机相水洗,干燥浓缩,柱层析,得到1-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-4-(5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧戊环-2-基)吡啶-2-基)哌嗪(中间体1)4.98g。MS m/z(ESI):411.2[M+H]+。
实施例1化合物1的合成
步骤1:合成4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)-6-(甲氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
室温下,将6-溴-4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(500mg,1.4mmol),碘化亚铜(40mg,0.21mmol),L-脯氨酸(32mg,0.28mmol),碳酸钾(1.9g,14mmol)溶解到无水DMSO(15mL)中,氮气保护,加入甲胺盐酸盐(940mg,14mmol)。100℃反应10小时,反应完全,冷却到室温,EA(50mL*2)萃取和水(50mL)稀释,搅拌过滤,经分液、萃取、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(PE:EA=3:1)得到4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)-6-(甲氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(150mg)。MS m/z(ESI):309.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:合成4-羟基-6-(甲基氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
室温下,将4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)-6-(甲氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(150mg,0.48mmol)溶解到DCM 3mL当中,0℃加入三氟乙酸1mL,反应0.5h。反应完全,室温浓缩抽干,产物直接用于下一步,不需要进一步纯化。MS m/z(ESI):189.1[M+H]+。
步骤3:合成3-氰基-6-(甲基氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸酯
将4-羟基-6-(甲基氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(150mg,0.8mmol),DIEA(307mg,2.4mmol)溶解到DMF 5mL中,0℃加入N-苯基双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺(286mg,0.8mmol),室温搅拌反应0.5h,反应完全,经萃取、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(PE:EA=3:1)得到3-氰基-6-(甲基氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸酯(180mg)。MS m/z(ESI):321.3[M+H]+。
步骤4:合成4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)-6-(甲氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
室温下,将3-氰基-6-(甲基氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸酯(0.15g,0.46mmol),6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3-(5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3-二氧杂环-2-基)吡啶-2-基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷(0.20g,0.46mmol),Pd2(dba)3(46mg,0.05mmol),x-phos(24mg,0.05mmol)溶解到Dioxane/H2O=20mL/4mL中,氮气置换三次,100℃反应6h,反应完全,冷却、浓缩、DCM萃取、干燥、过滤浓缩,柱层析(DCM:MeOH=10:1)得到4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)-6-(甲氨基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(化合物1)60mg。MS m/z(ESI):467.2[M+H]+。
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO)δ8.28(s,1H),8.13(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),8.07(s,1H),7.92(d,J=2.7Hz,1H),7.79(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=9.8Hz,1H),7.05(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),6.76(t,J=8.1Hz,2H),5.92(t,J=5.4Hz,1H),3.85(d,J=3.4Hz,4H),3.76–3.62(m,5H),3.50(s,4H),1.03(t,J=7.4Hz,3H).
实施例2化合物2的合成
步骤1:合成6-溴-4-(6-(6-(((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
将6-溴-3-氰基吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸盐(1.0g,2.7mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(15mL)和水(2mL)中,再加入6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3-(5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3-二氧杂环-2-基)吡啶-2-基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷(1.1g,2.7mmol)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(0.22g,0.27mmol)、KOAc(0.8g,8.1mmol),氮气置换。然后室温下搅拌反应16h,监测反应完全后,加水稀释,乙酸乙酯(30mL*2)萃取,有机相水洗,干燥浓缩,柱层析得到0.7g 6-溴-4-(6-(6-(((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈,收率54%。MS m/z(ESI):517.2[M+H]+。
步骤2:合成6-((2-氟乙基)氨基)-4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
室温氮气保护下,将6-溴-4-(6-(6-(((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(600mg,1.2mmol),碘化亚铜(22mg,0.12mmol),L-脯氨酸(14mg,0.12mmol),碳酸钾(1.6g,12mmol)溶解到无水DMSO(15mL)中,加入2-氟乙胺盐酸盐(1.2g,12mmol)。100℃反应10h,反应完全,冷却到室温,加水(30mL)稀释,EA(50mL*2)萃取,搅拌过滤,分液、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(DCM:MeOH=10:1)得到6-((2-氟乙基)氨基)-4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(化合物2)50mg。MS m/z(ESI):499.3[M+H]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ8.40(s,1H),8.34(d,J=2.4Hz,1H),8.09(t,J=3.2Hz,2H),7.77(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),7.68(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.11(d,J=1.8Hz,1H),6.77(t,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.25(t,J=5.8Hz,1H),5.74(s,1H),4.68(t,J=4.7Hz,1H),4.56(t,J=4.7Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.78–3.62(m,4H),3.50(dd,J=25.0,11.4Hz,6H).
实施例3化合物3的合成
步骤1:合成6-溴-4-(6-(6-(((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
将6-溴-3-氰基吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸盐(1.0g,2.7mmol)溶解在1,4-二氧六环(15mL)和水(2mL)中,再加入6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3-(5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3-二氧杂环-2-基)吡啶-2-基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷(1.1g,2.7mmol)、Pd(dppf)2Cl2(0.22g,0.27mmol)、KOAc(0.8g,8.1mmol),氮气置换。然后室温下搅拌反应16h,监测反应完全后,加水稀释,乙酸乙酯(30mL*2)萃取,有机相水洗,干燥浓缩,柱层析得到0.7g 6-溴-4-(6-(6-(((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈,收率54%。MS m/z(ESI):517.2[M+H]+。
步骤2:合成6-(((2,2-二氟乙基)氨基)-4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈
室温下,将6-溴-4-(6-(6-(((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚基-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(600mg,1.2mmol),碘化亚铜(22mg,0.12mmol),L-脯氨酸(14mg,0.12mmol),碳酸钾(1.6g,12mmol)溶解到无水DMSO(15mL)中,氮气保护,加入2-氟乙胺盐酸盐(1.2g,12mmol)。100℃反应10小时,反应完全,冷却到室温,加水(30mL)稀释,EA(50mL*2)萃取,搅拌过滤、分液、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(DCM:MeOH=10:1)得到6-(((2,2-二氟乙基)氨基)-4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂双环[3.1.1]庚-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑并[1,5-a]吡啶-3-甲腈(化合物3)80mg。MS m/z(ESI):517.3[M+H]+。
1H NMR(500MHz,DMSO)δ8.43(s,1H),8.37–8.32(m,1H),8.24(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.07(s,1H),7.78(dd,J=8.8,2.5Hz,1H),7.68(dd,J=8.5,2.3Hz,1H),7.14(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.77(dd,J=10.8,8.8Hz,2H),6.32(t,J=6.4Hz,1H),3.81(s,3H),3.76–3.47(m,10H),2.53(s,1H),1.58(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),1.22(s,1H).
实施例4化合物4的合成
步骤1:4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)-6-(丙基氨基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈
室温下,将6-溴-4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(500mg,1.4mmol),碘化亚铜(40mg,0.21mmol),L-脯氨酸(32mg,0.28mmol),碳酸钾(966mg,7.0mmol)溶解到10mL无水DMSO中,氮气保护,加入正丙胺(827mg,14mmol)。120℃反应过夜,反应完全,冷却到室温,加EA(50mL)和水(50mL)稀释,搅拌过滤,经萃取、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(PE:EA=3:1)得到4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)-6-(丙基氨基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(170mg),收率36%。MS m/z(ESI):337.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:4-羟基-6-(丙胺基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈
室温下,将4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)-6-(丙基氨基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(170mg,0.5mmol)溶解到1mL DCM当中,0℃加入三氟乙酸1mL,反应0.5h。反应完全,室温浓缩抽干,产物直接用于下一步,不需要进一步纯化。MS m/z(ESI):217.1[M+H]+。
步骤3:3-氰基-6-(丙胺基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-4-三氟甲磺酸酯
将4-羟基-6-(丙胺基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(109mg,0.5mmol),DIEA(193mg,1.5mmol)溶解到DMF 5mL中,0℃加入N-苯基双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺(178mg,0.55mmol),室温搅拌反应0.5h,反应完全,经萃取、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(PE:EA=3:1)得到3-氰基-6-(丙胺基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸(170mg),收率96%。MS m/z(ESI):349.1[M+H]+。
步骤4:4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷-3-基)吡啶-3-基)-6-(丙胺基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈
室温下,将3-氰基-6-(丙胺基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-4-三氟甲磺酸酯(170mg,0.48mmol),6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3-(5-(三丁基锡基)吡啶-2-基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷(281mg,0.48mmol),Pd(PPh3)4(55mg,0.048mmol),碘化亚铜(9mg,0.048mmol)溶解到二甲苯10mL中,氮气置换三次,130℃反应3h,反应完全,冷却、浓缩除去二甲苯、稀释、萃取、干燥、过滤浓缩,柱层析(DCM:MeOH=10:1)得到4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷-3-基)吡啶-3-基)-6-(丙胺基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(化合物4)35mg,收率:14%。MS m/z(ESI):494.1[M+H]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ8.38(s,1H),8.32(d,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.77(d,1H),7.66(d,1H),7.04(s,1H),6.74-6.78(m,2H),5.95(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.50-3.74(m,9H),2.97-3.02(m,2H),1.55-1.63(m,3H),0.93-0.98(m,3H)。
实施例5化合物5的合成
步骤1:6-(乙基氨基)-4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈
室温下,将6-溴-4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(1.0g,2.8mmol),碘化亚铜(53mg,0.28mmol),L-脯氨酸(48mg,0.42mmol),碳酸钾(3.8g,28mmol)溶解到无水DMSO 15mL当中,氮气保护,加入乙胺盐酸盐(2.28g,28mmol)。100℃反应过夜,反应完全,冷却到室温,EA(100mL)及水(50mL)稀释,搅拌过滤,经萃取、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(PE:EA=3:1)得到6-(乙基氨基)-4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(470mg),收率52%。MS m/z(ESI):323.1[M+H]+。
步骤2:6-(乙基氨基)-4-羟基吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈
室温下,将6-(乙基氨基)-4-((4-甲氧基苄基)氧基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(2.28g,7mmol)溶解到10mL DCM当中,0℃加入三氟乙酸10mL,反应0.5h。反应完全,室温浓缩抽干,产物直接用于下一步,不需要进一步纯化。MS m/z(ESI):203.1[M+H]+。
步骤3:3-氰基-6-(乙基氨基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲烷磺酸脂
室温下,将6-(乙基氨基)-4-羟基吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(1.43g,7mmol),DIEA(2.7g,21mmol)溶解到DMF 10mL中,0℃加入N-苯基双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺(2.5g,7mmol),室温搅拌反应0.5h,反应完全,经萃取、干燥、过滤、浓缩、柱层析(PE:EA=3:1)得到3-氰基-6-(乙基氨基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸脂(1.74g),收率76%。MS m/z(ESI):335.1[M+H]+。
步骤4:6-(乙基氨基)-4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈
室温下,将6-(乙基氨基)吡唑[1,5-a]吡啶-4-基三氟甲磺酸脂(0.9g,2.69mmol),6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3-(5-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3-二氧杂环-2-基)吡啶-2-基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷(1.47g,3.5mmol),Pd2(dba)3(246mg,0.269mmol),x-phos(256mg,0.053mmol)溶解到Dioxane/H2O=20mL/4mL中,氮气置换三次,100℃反应16h,反应完全,冷却、浓缩除、稀释、萃取、干燥、过滤浓缩,柱层析(DCM:MeOH=10:1)得到6-(乙基氨基)-4-(6-(6-((6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)甲基)-3,6-二氮杂二环[3.1.1]庚烷-3-基)吡啶-3-基)吡唑啉[1,5-a]吡啶-3-碳腈(化合物5)1.0g,乙醚重新打浆纯化得400mg,收率:31%。MSm/z(ESI):481.1[M+H]+。
1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ8.38(s,1H),8.32(d,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.92(s,1H),7.77(d,1H),7.66(d,1H),7.04(s,1H),6.74-6.78(m,2H),5.95(m,1H),3.80(s,3H),3.50-3.74(m,9H),1.55-1.63(m,3H),0.93-0.98(m,3H)。
理化性质测试:
(a)溶解度测试
实验方法如下:
1.样本制备
取5μL以DMSO配置的20mM化合物储备液,加入至495μL磷酸盐缓冲液(pH=7.4)(终浓度为200μM),混匀后于25℃振荡孵育器1000rpm振荡1.5h(n=2)。待完全溶解后,将样品溶液过滤。取各滤液2μL,加入98μL含内标(甲苯磺丁脲200nM)的乙腈水溶液(v/v=1/1),混匀1min,于LC-MS/MS进样分析。
2.外标一点法
标准溶液配置:取2μL以DMSO配置的20mM化合物储备液,加入至198μL乙腈(终浓度为200μM),(n=2)。混匀后于25℃振荡孵育器1000rpm振荡10min(n=2)待完全溶解后,取各滤液2μL,加入198μL含内标的乙腈水溶液(v/v=1/1),混匀1min,于LC-MS/MS进样分析。
通过检测已知浓度的标准溶液峰面积和样品溶液峰面积,计算样品溶液浓度。
3.标准曲线法
标准溶液配置:取2μL以DMSO配置的20mM化合物储备液,加入至198μL乙腈(终浓度为200μM),(n=2)。混匀后于25℃振荡孵育器1000rpm振荡10min(n=2)待完全溶解后,取各滤液4μL,加入196μL含内标的乙腈水溶液(v/v=1/1),即浓度为4000nM,再以含内标乙腈水溶液(v/v=1/1)依次稀释为浓度分别为2000、500、100、20、4和2nM标准溶液,于LC-MS/MS进样分析。
化合物溶解度汇总如下:
化合物2和化合物5的溶解度由标准曲线法得出,其余化合物的溶解度由外标一点法得出
生物活性测试例1:
(a)体外筛选实验-HTRF方法检测化合物对RET的抑制活性
实验方法如下:
1.1x激酶缓冲液的配制:5x酶缓冲液与蒸馏水以1:4混匀,终浓度是5mM氯化镁;1mM二硫苏糖醇。
2.用100%二甲基亚砜将测试化合物(5mM储液)稀释5倍至1mM,在384孔稀释板中以1:3进行等比稀释10个浓度。
3.使用Echo 550移液系统将0.2μL梯度稀释的化合物加到384孔板中,每个浓度2个复孔,二甲基亚砜终浓度为0.5%(v/v)。测试化合物的梯度浓度为5000、1666.7、555.5、185.18、61.72、20.57、6.858、2.286、0.764、0.254nM。
4.用1x激酶缓冲液配制2x RET(0.1ng/μL)。
5.在384孔板加入5μL的2x RET,1000g离心30s,室温孵育10min。
6.用1x激酶缓冲液配制2x酪氨酸激酶-生物素标记的底物(2μM)和腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(20μM)混合液。
7.加入5μL酪氨酸激酶-生物素标记的底物和腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸混合液以启动反应。1000g离心30s,封板,室温孵育30min。
8.用均相时间分辨荧光技术检测缓冲液配制2x Sa-XL 665(注:一种试剂)(125μM)和酪氨酸激酶-抗体-穴状化合物混合液。
9.每空加入10μl Sa-XL 665和酪氨酸激酶-抗体-穴状化合物混合液,1000g离心30s,室温孵育1h。
10.Envision 2104酶标仪615nm和665nm读板,计算比率(665/615nm)。
11.%抑制率计算如下:
式中,
R0是溶媒空白组的酶标仪板平均比率
R1是测试化合物酶标仪板比率
R2是100%抑制RET酶活性的酶标仪板平均比率
通过将化合物浓度的抑制率值和对数拟合到非线性回归(剂量反应-可变斜率)中,用GraphPad 6.0软件计算IC50。
(b)体外筛选实验-HTRF方法检测化合物抑制VEGFR2活性测试
实验方法如下:
1.1x激酶缓冲液配制:5x酶缓冲液与蒸馏水以1:4混匀,终浓度是5mM氯化镁;1mM二硫苏糖醇;1mM氯化锰。
2.用100%二甲基亚砜将测试化合物(5mM储液)稀释5倍至1mM,在384孔稀释板中以1:3进行等比稀释10个浓度。
3.使用Echo 550移液系统将0.2μL梯度稀释的化合物加到384孔细胞培养板(Corning,3570)中,每个浓度2个复孔,二甲基亚砜终浓度为0.5%(v/v)。测试化合物的梯度浓度为5000、1666.7、555.5、185.18、61.72、20.57、6.858、2.286、0.764、0.254nM。
4.用1x激酶缓冲液配制2x VEGFR2(0.02ng/μL)。
5.在384孔板加入5μL的2x VEGFR2,1000g离心30s,室温孵育10min。
6.用1x激酶缓冲液配制2x酪氨酸激酶-生物素标记的底物(2μM)和ATP(8μM)混合液。
7.加入5μL酪氨酸激酶-生物素标记的底物和腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸混合液以启动反应。1000g离心30s,封板,室温孵育40min。
8.用均相时间分辨荧光技术检测缓冲液配制2x Sa-XL 665(125μM)和酪氨酸激酶-抗体-穴状化合物混合液。
9.每孔加入10μl Sa-XL 665和酪氨酸激酶-抗体-穴状化合物混合液,1000g离心30s,室温孵育1h。
10.Envision 2104酶标仪615nm和665nm读板,计算比率(665/615nm)。
11.%抑制率计算如下:
式中,
R0是溶媒空白组的酶标仪板平均比率
R1是测试化合物酶标仪板比率
R2是100%抑制RET酶活性的酶标仪板平均比率
12.通过将化合物浓度的抑制率值和对数拟合到非线性回归(剂量反应-可变斜率)
中,用GraphPad 6.0计算IC50。
(c)体外筛选实验-CellTiter-Glo发光法检测化合物抑制Ba/F3-KIF5B-RET细胞活力测试
实验步骤:
1.利用转染系统方法将包含人源KIF5B-RET cDNA的哺乳动物细胞表达载体导入Ba/F3细胞,经嘌呤霉素筛选过后存活的克隆进行细胞生长抑制功能实验和蛋白免疫印迹法法验证RET稳定高表达的细胞系。
2.细胞培养于RPMI 1640培养液、10%胎牛血清、1%青霉素-链霉素、2μg/mL嘌呤霉素的培养基中,置于37℃、5%二氧化碳细胞培养箱中培养。
3.用100%二甲基亚砜将测试化合物(5mM储液)稀释2.5倍至2mM,在384孔稀释板中以1:3进行等比稀释10个浓度。
4.使用Echo 550移液系统将0.2μL梯度稀释的化合物加到384孔细胞培养板(Corning,3570)中,每个浓度2个复孔,二甲基亚砜终浓度为0.5%(v/v)。测试化合物的梯度浓度为5000、1666.7、555.5、185.18、61.72、20.57、6.858、2.286、0.764、0.254nM。
5.每孔加入40μL含800个Ba/F3-KIF5B-RET细胞悬液,于5%二氧化碳细胞培养箱培养72h。
6.按每孔20μL Cell Titer-Glo试剂加入细胞培养板,震荡混匀2min以裂解细胞,然后室温孵育30min,用Envision 2104酶标仪读取荧光信号值。
7.数据由XLFit 5.0按4参数公式:
Y=Bottom+(Top-Bottom)/(1+10^((LogIC50-X)*HillSlope))拟合计算IC50值。
(d)体外筛选实验-HTRF方法检测化合物对RET G810R/RET G810S的抑制活性
实验方法如下:
1.1x激酶缓冲液的配制:5x酶缓冲液与蒸馏水以1:4混匀,终浓度是5mM氯化镁;1mM二硫苏糖醇。
2.用100%二甲基亚砜将测试化合物(5mM储液)稀释5倍至1mM,在384孔稀释板中以1:3进行等比稀释10个浓度。
3.使用Echo 550移液系统将0.2μL梯度稀释的化合物加到384孔板中,每个浓度2个复孔,二甲基亚砜终浓度为0.5%(v/v)。测试化合物的梯度浓度为5000、1666.7、555.5、185.18、61.72、20.57、6.858、2.286、0.764、0.254nM。
4.用1x激酶缓冲液配制2x RET G810R/RET G810S(0.1ng/μL)。
5.在384孔板加入5μL的2x RET G810R/RET G810S,1000g离心30s,室温孵育10min。
6.用1x激酶缓冲液配制2x酪氨酸激酶-生物素标记的底物(2μM)和腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸(20μM)混合液。
7.加入5μL酪氨酸激酶-生物素标记的底物和腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸混合液以启动反应。1000g离心30s,封板,室温孵育40min。
8.用均相时间分辨荧光技术检测缓冲液配制4x Sa-XL 665(注:一种试剂)(125μM)。
9.每空加入5μL Sa-XL 665和5μL酪氨酸激酶-抗体-穴状化合物混合液,1000g离心30s,室温孵育1h。
10.Envision 2104酶标仪615nm和665nm读板,计算比率(665/615nm)。
11.%抑制率计算如下:
式中,
R0是溶媒空白组的酶标仪板平均比率
R1是测试化合物酶标仪板比率
R2是100%抑制RET酶活性的酶标仪板平均比率
通过将化合物浓度的抑制率值和对数拟合到非线性回归(剂量反应-可变斜率)中,用GraphPad 6.0软件计算IC50。
化合物活性汇总如下表1
表1
结果表明:本发明化合物均具有较好的RET激酶活性,此外本发明化合物还对突变株G810S和G810R表现出优异的抑制活性,尤其是化合物2/5,其对RET激酶的两个突变株G810S和G810R的抑制活性可以低至nM级;同时本发明化合物对VEGFR2激酶具有较好的选择性。此外,所述化合物均具有较好的RET激酶敏感的细胞抑制活性。
讨论
构效关系研究表明,与现有的阳性对照(LOXO-292)相比,当本发明式I化合物Rm和Rn分别为氢原子和乙基时,本发明化合物具有较好的G810突变型RET抑制活性,尤其是当乙基被一个氟原子取代的化合物对G810突变的RET抑制活性更好。
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考,就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
Claims (10)
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,其特征在于,Rm和Rn各自独立地选自:H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、-CH2F、CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2、-CHFCH3、-CHFCH2F、-CH2CH2CH2F或-CH2CHFCH2F。
3.如权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,其特征在于,Rn选自:H或甲基;Rm选自:H、甲基、乙基、正丙基、-CH2F、CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2、-CHFCH3、-CHFCH2F、-CH2CH2CH2F或-CH2CHFCH2F。
7.如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药,其特征在于,所述的药学上可接受的盐为醋酸盐、己二酸盐、藻朊酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯甲酸盐、苯磺酸盐、硫酸氢盐、硼酸盐、丁酸盐、柠檬酸盐、樟脑盐、樟脑磺酸盐、环戊烷丙酸盐、二甘醇酸盐、十二烷基硫酸盐、乙烷磺酸盐、延胡索酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、半硫酸盐、庚酸盐、己酸盐、盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、氢碘酸盐、羟基乙磺酸盐、乳酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐、萘磺酸盐、烟酸盐、硝酸盐、草酸盐、果胶酸盐、过硫酸盐、苯丙酸盐、磷酸盐、苦味酸盐、新戊酸盐、丙酸盐、水杨酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、磺酸盐、酒石酸盐、硫氰酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、十二烷酸盐。
8.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,其包含如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药;和药用载体或稀释剂。
9.一种如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的化合物或如权利要求8所述的药物组合物在制备用于抑制细胞或受试者中的RET激酶活性的药物中的用途。
10.如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物、同位素化合物或前药的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(i-1)在惰性溶剂中,碱性条件下,化合物2-1和羟基保护试剂反应,得到化合物2-2;
(i-2)在惰性溶剂中,碱性条件和催化剂存在下,化合物2-2与胺化合物NHRmRn反应,得到化合物2-3;
(i-3)在惰性溶剂中,酸性条件下,化合物2-3脱保护,得到化合物2-4;
(i-4)在惰性溶剂中,化合物2-4与PhNTf2反应,得到化合物2-5;
(i-5)在惰性溶剂中,催化剂存在下,化合物2-5与化合物1-8反应,得到式I化合物;
式中,Rm、Rn的定义如权利要求1所述。
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