CN114616682A - Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114616682A
CN114616682A CN202180005699.9A CN202180005699A CN114616682A CN 114616682 A CN114616682 A CN 114616682A CN 202180005699 A CN202180005699 A CN 202180005699A CN 114616682 A CN114616682 A CN 114616682A
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Prior art keywords
stone
layer
wood
cover plate
solar cell
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沈轶磊
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Kaisheng Technology Group Co ltd
China Building Materials Glass New Materials Research Institute Group Co Ltd
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Kaisheng Technology Group Co ltd
China Building Materials Glass New Materials Research Institute Group Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0216—Coatings
    • H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02002—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations
    • H01L31/02005—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02008—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules
    • H01L31/0201—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the device in operations for device characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells or solar cell modules comprising specially adapted module bus-bar structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a solar cell module, which comprises a substrate, a photovoltaic lamination layer, a glass cover plate and a background layer, wherein the substrate, the photovoltaic lamination layer, the glass cover plate and the background layer are sequentially arranged, the glass cover plate is provided with a stone or wood imitation pattern on the surface of the glass cover plate facing the lamination layer or the surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside, and the area ratio of the stone or wood imitation pattern to the glass cover plate is 5-35%. In the present application, a new structure of a highly transparent solar cell panel having an appearance of imitation stone or wood is formed by using a combination of digitally printed imitation stone or wood patterns and a background layer of low light absorptivity of 0-20% to achieve high power output without losing its aesthetic feeling and color richness.

Description

Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a solar cell module and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Currently, it is becoming more and more widespread to install BIPV (building integrated photovoltaic) or BAPV (building attached photovoltaic) modules on the roof or outer wall of a building to generate electricity. If conventional solar panels are installed on the roof or the outer wall of a building, the solar panels may affect the original beauty of the building. Generally, solar panels are mainly installed on the facade of a building. For modern buildings, conventional solar panels can constitute a design element of modern buildings and contribute to the aesthetics of the building. However, conventional solar panels have certain limitations for traditional architectural style buildings, such as houses with natural stone/marble or wood as the main building material.
In order to integrate a solar panel with a traditional architectural style of building, a solar panel imitating natural stone is manufactured in the prior art by combining artificial natural stone having realistic texture of natural stone with the solar panel. Typically, the stone/wood effect of such solar panels is made by coating the solar panel with a simulated stone or wood coating. As shown in fig. 1, the solar cell module 1 comprises a glass cover plate 11, a full-area stone or wood coating 15, a laminated layer 14, a photovoltaic laminated layer (for generating electricity) 13 and a substrate 12 in sequence. Although artificial natural stone or wood effects with fine imitation textures can be produced in this way, full coverage of the imitation stone or wood coating on the surface of the solar cell module leads to very high optical losses, so that a lower power generation can be expected. Therefore, the marble/wood-imitated solar cell modules only have 20-50% of the power generation capacity of the solar cell modules without the stone-imitated or wood coatings.
In the conventional solar cell module having the imitation stone or wood coating shown in fig. 1, the power loss of the conventional solar cell module is mainly caused by the full-area imitation stone or wood coating because it absorbs more light. The finer the effect of the stone-like or wood coating, the greater the power loss of the solar panel. Thus, the light absorption of a stone-like or wood coating naturally increases with its darkness and associated proportional area.
Thus, there is a need for a natural stone or wood-like solar panel that can be installed on a building roof or exterior wall to produce clean and renewable energy to improve its energy efficiency and carbon neutralization. Meanwhile, the appearance of the building can be exhibited by high-quality natural stone or wood-like elements without being affected by aesthetic interference. Furthermore, these imitation stone or wood solar panels should generate sufficient power and have low power consumption, since the area for BIPV is usually limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is directed to a highly transparent stone-or wood-imitated solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same, which can maintain aesthetic advantages of natural stone or wood, such as fine and smooth texture, elegant style, and beautiful appearance, and can greatly improve energy efficiency and reduce functional loss.
The embodiment of the application provides a solar cell assembly, which comprises a substrate, a photovoltaic lamination layer, a glass cover plate and a background layer, wherein the substrate, the photovoltaic lamination layer, the glass cover plate and the background layer are sequentially arranged, the glass cover plate is provided with a stone or wood imitating pattern on the surface, facing the lamination layer, of the glass cover plate or on the surface, facing the outside, of the glass cover plate, and the area ratio of the stone or wood imitating pattern to the glass cover plate is 5% -35%. The stone-like or wood pattern is matched with the background layer to form the appearance effect of the stone-like or wood.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a method for fabricating a solar cell module, comprising: scanning the surface of the stone or wood through a digital image to obtain a stone or wood pattern; removing the background area in the stone or wood pattern to obtain a stone or wood texture pattern; transferring the stone or wood grain pattern onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside to obtain a simulated stone or wood pattern; solidifying the imitated stone or wood pattern; assembling the glass cover plate with the imitated stone or wood pattern on the photovoltaic lamination.
The novel structure of the highly-transparent solar cell panel with the stone-like or wood appearance is formed by combining the digitally-printed stone-like or wood pattern and the background layer with the low light absorption rate of 0-20%, so that high-power output is achieved without losing the aesthetic feeling and the color richness of the solar cell panel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application and the technical solutions of the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments and the prior art, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a solar cell module having a coating of imitation stone or wood according to the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a solar cell module having a simulated stone or wood pattern according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a solar cell module having a simulated stone or wood pattern according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module having a stone-like or wood pattern according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 illustrates a solar cell module having a background layer and a stone or wood-like pattern and a glass cover plate having a stone or wood-like pattern according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Embodiments of the present application provide a solar cell assembly, including a substrate, a photovoltaic laminate, a laminate layer, a glass cover plate and a background layer, which are sequentially arranged, wherein the glass cover plate has a stone or wood-like pattern on a surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or on a surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside, and an area ratio of the stone or wood-like pattern to the glass cover plate is 5% -35%.
Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a solar cell module 2 having a simulated stone or wood pattern according to an embodiment of the present application.
The solar module 2 comprises a glass cover plate 21, a substrate 22, a photovoltaic stack 23 and a laminate layer 24. A photovoltaic stack 23 is disposed on the substrate 22. A laminate layer 24 is disposed on the photovoltaic stack 23. The glass cover plate 21 is disposed on the lamination layer 24. The glass cover plate 21 has a stone-like or wood pattern 25 on the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer 24.
The glass cover plate 21 is located on the front side of the solar cell module 2, i.e. the side from which solar rays enter the solar cell module 2. The glass cover 21 can be made of glass, in particular soda-lime glass. The glass cover plate 21 is made of soda lime glass, silicate glass, special silicate glass (low-iron glass), borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, or chemically strengthened glass (potassium glass). The glass cover plate 21 may be transparent or translucent, colored or colorless. The glass cover plate 21 may be formed by a float glass process or a roll glass process. The surface of the glass cover plate 21 may be flat or textured (acid-etched, sandblasted or rolled).
The substrate 22 is located on the rear side of the solar cell module 2 opposite to the front side of the solar cell module 2. Substrate 22 may be composed of a material such as glass, polymer, or metal.
The photovoltaic stack 23 refers to a photovoltaic circuit in the solar module 2 for converting light energy into electrical energy. The photovoltaic stack 23 may be formed based on various technologies, for example, thin film Photovoltaic (PV) technology, silicon-based photovoltaic technology, and the like.
The laminate layer 24 is a polymer laminate in the solar module 1 for glass lamination with respect to safety requirements in BIPV applications. The laminate layer 24 may be composed of EVA, POE, EVA-POE-EVA, PDMS/silicon, PVB, or TPU. The laminate layer may be formed by laminating with or without laminating with an adhesive (hot melt dispensing) process.
The light absorption rate of the simulated stone or wood pattern 25 is 5% -35%, which is lower than that of the standard full-area stone or wood printing pattern. The standard full-area stone or wood print represents a full-area imitation stone or wood coating according to the prior art. The typical light absorption rate of the standard full-area stone or wood printing pattern is 50-95%. The stone or wood grain pattern is obtained by scanning the stone or wood with a digitized image. For example, the stone may be marble, quartz, granite, brick, cement/concrete, or the like, which may be used for a facade of a building. The wood may be wood such as black walnut which can be used in facades of buildings.
In an embodiment, the stone or wood-like pattern 25 is a digitally printed stone or wood-like pattern, as shown in fig. 4 (b). Specifically, the simulated stone or wood pattern 25 is obtained by scanning a digitized image of a stone or wood surface to obtain a stone or wood pattern and removing background areas (i.e., remaining areas other than the stone or wood grain pattern) in the stone or wood pattern, and thus may include typical stone or wood grain patterns, such as dot patterns, linear patterns, area patterns. In this case, the ratio of the area of the stone or wood-like pattern (i.e., the area of the stone or wood grain pattern in the stone or wood-like pattern) to the area of the glass cover plate is 5% to 35%. If the proportion is less than 5%, the effect of imitating stone or wood cannot be achieved.
In summary, the solar cell module having the imitated black marble pattern according to the embodiment of the present application can achieve 65% to 95% of power generation by the solar cell module without any additional marble coating.
In an embodiment, the stone-like or wood pattern 25 may be formed of an inorganic material including ceramic powder, glass powder, or the like, with or without a pigment. For example, the stone-like or wood pattern 25 may be formed from a ceramic suspension having a proportion of glass frit.
In an embodiment, the solar module 2 further comprises a background layer 26. The background layer has a light absorption of 0-20%. The background layer 26 may be a Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) layer or an interfacial layer or passivation layer based on the techniques used to form the photovoltaic circuit in the solar module 2. Further, the location of the background layer 26 may be determined based on technology. As shown in fig. 2, a background layer 26 may be located below the stone or wood-like pattern 25 and above the photovoltaic laminate 23. By varying the thickness of the TCO layer or the interface layer or the passivation layer, a designed background color can be generated for the solar cell module with the stone-like or wood pattern 25. In this way, the highly transparent imitation stone or wood solar cell module according to the embodiments of the present application can exhibit rich colors without strong optical loss.
In an embodiment, the photovoltaic circuitry (photovoltaic stack on substrate) in the solar module 2 may be formed by means of thin film photovoltaic technology or based on silicon based photovoltaic technology.
Solar cell modules manufactured by thin film photovoltaic technology may be referred to as thin film solar cell modules. The thin film solar cell module may include, for example, a Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) thin film solar cell module, a cadmium telluride (CdTe) thin film solar cell module, an Organic Photovoltaic (OPV) thin film solar cell module, a Perovskite (Perovskite) thin film solar cell module, a Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) module, a Heterojunction (HJT) solar cell module, and the like. The general structure of a thin-film solar cell module includes: a glass cover plate, a Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO) layer, other layers below the TCO layer for forming a photovoltaic circuit, a substrate. The specific structure and fabrication method of various thin-film solar cell modules are known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In an embodiment, when the photovoltaic circuit in the solar module 2 is formed based on thin film photovoltaic technology, the background layer 26 is a transparent conductive oxide layer. The transparent conductive oxide layer may be an aluminum-doped zinc oxide layer, a boron-doped zinc oxide layer, or an indium-doped tin oxide layer, etc. The transparent conductive oxide layer may be deposited directly on the bottom layer of the photovoltaic stack and act as the front electrode layer of the photovoltaic stack, i.e. the front electrode of the photovoltaic circuit.
Solar cell modules fabricated by silicon-based photovoltaic technology can be referred to as silicon-based solar cell modules. The silicon-based solar cell assembly may include, for example, a passivated emitter and back cell (PERC) solar cell assembly, a passivated emitter back local area (PERL) diffusion solar cell assembly, a passivated emitter back complete (PERT) diffusion solar cell assembly, a tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) solar cell assembly, an Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) solar cell assembly, and the like. The general structure of a silicon-based solar cell module comprises: a glass cover plate, a background layer (interface layer or passivation layer), other layers below the background layer for forming a photovoltaic circuit, a substrate. The specific structure and fabrication methods of various silicon-based solar cell modules are known in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
For example, a solar cell module may be manufactured by PERC technology. PERC solar modules are an improvement over conventional solar modules. In particular, PERC solar modules have an additional dielectric layer on the back side of the solar module compared to conventional solar modules, which allows some of the solar rays passing through the solar module to be reflected back into the solar module, giving the opportunity for these rays to be converted into electrical energy.
Compared with the conventional solar cell module, the production flow of the PERC solar cell module further comprises: a passivation layer is deposited and then opened. The passivation layer may be formed by a number of methods, such as plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, thermal oxidation, atomic layer deposition, stack passivation, and the like. The passivation layer may be opened by a laser or the like.
In an embodiment, when the photovoltaic circuit in the solar module 2 is formed based on silicon-based photovoltaic technology, an interface layer or passivation layer (not shown) needs to be generated as the background layer 26. This interfacial layer is not common in conventional solar cell modules. The interfacial layer is nonconductiveElectrical and as transparent as possible. Furthermore, the refractive index of the interface layer is between the refractive index (n ═ 1.5) of the glass cover plate and the laminated layer (e.g., laminated foil) and the refractive index (n ═ 2) of the TCO layer. The interfacial layer may comprise silicon oxynitride (SiON) or aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) Etc., or from silicon oxynitride (SiON) or aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) And the like. Passivation layers are common in silicon-based solar cell modules. For example, the passivation layer may be a layer of the photovoltaic stack in the PERC solar module, in particular on the rest of the photovoltaic stack except for the passivation layer. It is as transparent as possible and has a refractive index between that of the glass cover plate and the laminate layer (e.g. laminate foil) (n-1.5) and that of the TCO layer (n-2). The passivation layer may comprise hydrogenated silicon nitride, silicon oxide (SiO)2) Silicon nitride (SiNx), or the like, or silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminum oxide (Al)2O3) And the like. The interface layer or passivation layer is used to create/adjust the color appearance of the solar cell module and does not absorb too much light. The interface layer may be located on the outward facing surface of the glass cover plate, above the stone or wood-like pattern, or on the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer, above or below the stone or wood-like pattern. In particular, when the stone-like or wood pattern is located on the outwardly facing surface of the glass cover plate, the interface layer may be located on the outwardly facing surface of the glass cover plate, over the stone-like or wood pattern. When the stone-like or wood pattern is located on the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer, the interface layer may be located on the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer, above or below the stone-like or wood pattern. The passivation layer may be located under the stone-like or wood pattern and may be located on the rest of the photovoltaic laminate.
In an embodiment, by varying the thickness of the TCO layer or the interface layer, a designed background color can be generated for a solar cell module with a stone-like or wood pattern 25. In this way, highly transparent imitation stone or wood solar panels can present rich colors without strong optical losses.
Fig. 3 shows a solar cell module 3 having a stone-like or wood pattern according to another embodiment of the present application. The configuration of the solar cell module 3 is similar to that of the solar cell module 2 shown in fig. 2. To avoid any confusion, only the differences between the solar cell module 3 and the solar cell module 2 will be described here.
The solar cell assembly 3 comprises a glass cover plate 31, a substrate 32, a photovoltaic stack 33, a laminate layer 34 and a background layer 36. The photovoltaic stack 33 is located on the substrate 32. A laminate layer 34 is located on the photovoltaic laminate layer 33. The glass cover plate 31 is positioned on the lamination layer 34. The glass cover plate 31 has a stone-like or wood pattern 35 on the surface of the glass cover plate 31 facing the outside.
Fig. 5 shows a highly transparent solar cell module with a photovoltaic circuit and a stone or wood-like pattern, and a highly transparent glass cover plate without a photovoltaic circuit but with a stone or wood-like pattern. It can be seen that the solar cell module having the marble-imitated pattern according to the present application is aesthetically superior to natural marble. In addition, the solar cell module having the imitated black marble pattern according to the present application can also achieve 65% to 95% of power generation of the solar cell module without any additional marble coating. In contrast, prior art solar panels with marble-like coatings would have a power loss of greater than 50%.
Furthermore, the solar module 2 may also comprise a mounting element (e.g. a back rail) and a cooling structure. The mounting element is fixedly connected to the back side of the solar module and serves to mount the solar module on a roof or a building facade. In addition, the solar cell module of the present application may also be used as a part of a roof of a building or a facade of a building. The cooling structure may include an active cooling structure and a passive cooling structure, which are not described in detail herein.
Fig. 4 illustrates a method for a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present application. As described above, the photovoltaic circuit (photovoltaic stack on the substrate) in the solar cell module 2 may be formed by means of thin film photovoltaic technology or silicon-based photovoltaic technology. Methods of forming photovoltaic circuits (photovoltaic stacks on a substrate) in solar modules by these two techniques are known in the art. Therefore, it is not described in detail in this application.
The method for manufacturing a solar cell module shown in fig. 4 includes: s401, scanning the surface of the stone or wood through a digital image to obtain a stone or wood pattern; s402, removing the background area in the stone or wood pattern to obtain a stone or wood texture pattern; s403, transferring the stone or wood grain pattern onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside to obtain a simulated stone or wood pattern; s404, solidifying the imitated stone or wood pattern; s405, laminating a glass cover plate having a stone-like or wood pattern onto the photovoltaic laminate.
In an embodiment, the simulated stone or wood pattern is generated by digital image scanning and selection. This can be accomplished by various electronic devices having data image scanning and processing functions. Specifically, a stone or wood pattern is obtained by digitally scanning the surface of the stone or wood, and then the obtained stone or wood pattern is processed according to a preset selection rule. The preset selection rule may include: the background area in the stone or wood pattern is removed. For example, the deepest/blackest region where the light absorption rate is high may be preferably removed, and the background region having a large area may be further preferably removed. The imitation stone or wood pattern formed in this way has a very high surface transparency.
In an embodiment, in order to obtain a glass cover plate with a high transparency having a stone or wood-like pattern, only a datamation printed stone or wood grain pattern is printed on the glass cover plate. In one embodiment, step S403 may include: the stone or wood pattern is transferred by screen printing, stencil printing, gravure or flexo printing, digital ink jet printing onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside to obtain a simulated stone or wood pattern.
In one embodiment, step S304 may include: drying the imitation stone or wood pattern at the temperature of 150-250 ℃, and then firing the imitation stone or wood pattern at the temperature of 600-750 ℃.
In one embodiment, the glass cover plate may be imprinted with a bus bar cover layer at the frame edges after cooling the fired stone or wood-like pattern to room temperature. The color of the bus bar cover layer can be chosen to be the same as the primary background of the designed solar panel.
In one embodiment, step S405 includes forming a photovoltaic stack on a substrate and laminating a glass cover plate onto the photovoltaic stack by lamination.
In one embodiment, the method for fabricating a solar cell module further comprises disposing a background layer in the solar cell module. When the photovoltaic circuit in the solar module is formed by means of thin-film photovoltaic technology, the background layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer which is located on the bottom layer of the photovoltaic stack and serves as the front electrode layer of the photovoltaic stack, wherein the transparent conductive oxide layer is aluminum-doped zinc oxide, boron-doped zinc oxide or indium-doped tin oxide. For example, in the case of forming black thin film photovoltaic circuits (CIGS, CdTe), the solar cell module will display a black stone or wood pattern with a specific color texture (e.g., white, light gray, or colored lines).
In one embodiment, when the photovoltaic circuit in the solar module is formed by means of silicon-based photovoltaic technology, the background layer is an interface layer comprising silicon oxynitride or aluminum oxide, wherein the interface layer is located on the outward facing surface of the glass cover plate, on top of the stone or wood like pattern, or on the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer, on top of or below the stone or wood like pattern. Alternatively, the background layer is a passivation layer comprising silicon oxide or silicon nitride or silicon oxynitride or aluminum oxide, wherein the passivation layer is located under the stone-like or wood pattern and on the rest of the photovoltaic stack.
In one embodiment, the method for fabricating a solar cell module further comprises controlling the thickness of the background layer to produce a background color of simulated stone or wood.
In one embodiment, by varying the thickness of the TCO layer or the interface layer, a designed background color can be generated for a solar cell module with a stone-like or wood pattern. In this way, a highly transparent imitation stone or wood solar panel with an imitation stone or wood pattern can present a rich color without strong optical losses.
In the present application, a new structure of a highly transparent solar cell panel having an appearance of imitation stone or wood is formed by using a combination of digitally printed imitation stone or wood patterns and a background layer of low light absorptivity of 0-20% to achieve high power output without losing its aesthetic feeling and color richness.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application are included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (19)

1. A solar cell assembly comprises a substrate, a photovoltaic lamination layer, a glass cover plate and a background layer which are sequentially arranged, wherein the glass cover plate is provided with a stone or wood imitating pattern on the surface of the glass cover plate facing to the lamination layer or on the surface of the glass cover plate facing to the outside, and the area ratio of the stone or wood imitating pattern to the glass cover plate is 5-35%.
2. The solar cell module of claim 1, wherein the imitation stone or wood pattern has a light absorption of 5-35%.
3. The solar cell module of claim 1 wherein the background layer has a light absorption of 0-20%.
4. The solar cell module of claim 1 wherein the stone-like or wood pattern is formed of inorganic materials with or without pigments, the inorganic materials comprising ceramic frit and/or glass frit.
5. The solar cell assembly of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the background layer is controlled to produce a simulated stone or wood background color.
6. The solar cell assembly of claim 1 wherein the background layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer that is an aluminum doped zinc oxide layer, a boron doped zinc oxide layer, or an indium doped tin oxide layer when photovoltaic circuitry in the solar cell assembly is formed by means of thin film photovoltaic technology.
7. The solar cell assembly of claim 6 wherein the transparent conductive oxide layer is on a bottom layer of the photovoltaic stack and serves as a front electrode layer of the photovoltaic stack.
8. The solar cell assembly of claim 1 wherein when the photovoltaic circuitry in the solar cell assembly is formed by means of silicon-based photovoltaic technology, the background layer is an interfacial or passivation layer having a refractive index of 1.5 to 2.
9. The solar cell assembly of claim 8 wherein the interfacial layer comprises silicon nitride oxide or aluminum oxide and the passivation layer comprises hydrogenated silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride or aluminum oxide.
10. The solar cell assembly of claim 8 wherein the interface layer is located on an outward facing surface of the glass cover plate, on the stone or wood imitation pattern, or on, on or below a surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer.
11. The solar cell assembly of claim 8 wherein the passivation layer is located under the stone or wood-like pattern and on the rest of the photovoltaic stack.
12. A method for fabricating a solar module, comprising:
scanning the surface of the stone or wood through a digital image to obtain a stone or wood pattern;
removing the background area in the stone or wood pattern to obtain a stone or wood texture pattern;
transferring the stone or wood grain pattern onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside to obtain a simulated stone or wood pattern;
solidifying the imitated stone or wood pattern; and
laminating a glass cover plate having the stone-like or wood pattern onto a photovoltaic laminate.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein transferring the stone or wood grain pattern onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or the surface of the glass cover plate facing the exterior to obtain the simulated stone or wood pattern comprises: transferring the stone or wood grain pattern onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer or onto the surface of the glass cover plate facing the outside by screen printing, stencil printing, gravure printing or flexo printing, digital ink jet printing to obtain a simulated stone or wood pattern.
14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein curing the simulated stone or wood pattern comprises:
drying the imitation stone or wood pattern at 150-250 ℃, and firing the imitation stone or wood pattern at 600-750 ℃.
15. The method of claim 12 or 13, further comprising: a background layer is disposed in the solar cell module.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the background layer is a transparent conductive oxide layer on a bottom layer of the photovoltaic stack and as a front electrode layer of the photovoltaic stack, wherein the transparent conductive oxide layer is an aluminum doped zinc oxide layer, a boron doped zinc oxide layer, or an indium doped tin oxide layer.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the background layer is an interface layer comprising silicon oxynitride or aluminum oxide, wherein the interface layer is located on an outward facing surface of the glass cover plate, above the stone or wood pattern, or on a surface of the glass cover plate facing the laminate layer, above or below the stone or wood pattern.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the background layer is a passivation layer comprising hydrogenated silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, or aluminum oxide, wherein the passivation layer is located under the stone-like or wood pattern and on the rest of the photovoltaic stack.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein the thickness of the background layer is controlled to produce a simulated stone or wood background color.
CN202180005699.9A 2021-11-04 2021-11-04 Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof Pending CN114616682A (en)

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AT18285U1 (en) * 2023-01-16 2024-08-15 Reisinger Stephan Exterior cladding

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