CN209766444U

CN209766444U - Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic building

Info

Publication number: CN209766444U
Application number: CN201822213578.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭富强; 朱彦君
Original assignee: Guangdong Hanergy Thin Film Solar Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Hanergy Thin Film Solar Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-27
Filing date: 2018-12-27
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2028-12-27

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic building including the same. This photovoltaic module includes in proper order: the photovoltaic module comprises a first glass unit, an adhesive film, a photovoltaic power generation unit and a second glass unit, wherein the photovoltaic module further comprises a colored film layer which is arranged on the light receiving surface and is obtained through plating. According to the photovoltaic module, the colored film layer with a certain thickness is plated on the light receiving surface in a plating mode, so that the color of the obtained colored photovoltaic module is more ornamental and more durable.

Description

Photovoltaic module and photovoltaic building

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the photovoltaic field, and more particularly, to a photovoltaic module and a photovoltaic building.

Background

The pursuit of comfortable building environments by people is higher and higher, resulting in the increasing energy consumption of building heating and air conditioning. The photovoltaic module applies solar power generation to buildings, and the technology is mature. With the increase of environmental protection awareness, more photovoltaic modules are applied to buildings. Photovoltaic modules can be multi-colored and visually appealing, and because they are an integral part of the design, they typically blend better than other solar devices.

The existing methods for realizing the color photovoltaic module generally have the following two types. One approach is to use a colored film to make the assembly appear colored. For example, color is provided by adding a dye or pigment to an adhesive film such as a fluororesin. However, the color of the obtained colored adhesive film is not beautiful and natural, and the colored adhesive film discolors with time. In addition, the dye or pigment in the adhesive film can reduce the adhesive strength of the adhesive film to the glass unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit. Another approach is to use a structural design. However, the existing photovoltaic module is rectangular, and is not easy to form various patterns, so that the existing photovoltaic module is not beautiful enough.

Therefore, the existing photovoltaic module only has the functions of wind and rain shielding and power generation, and cannot play more beautifying roles in buildings. And because current photovoltaic module is mostly the rectangle, so current photovoltaic module is comparatively monotonous with the building collocation.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a colour photovoltaic module that the colour is more pleasing to the eye, nature and has more the durability.

The technical scheme adopted by the disclosure is as follows to solve the technical problems:

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a photovoltaic module, comprising in sequence: a first glass unit, a glue film, a photovoltaic power generation unit and a second glass unit,

Wherein the photovoltaic module further comprises a color film layer obtained by plating provided on the light receiving surface.

Preferably, the color film layer may be plated on a part of the surface of the light receiving surface or may be plated on the entire surface of the light receiving surface.

According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, when the first glass unit is front glass and the second glass unit is back glass, the photovoltaic module sequentially includes the front glass, an adhesive film, a color film layer, a photovoltaic power generation unit and the back glass, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit sequentially includes a front electrode, a light absorption layer and a back electrode, and the color film layer is located at a middle portion of the front electrode on a side away from the light absorption layer, and positive and negative interfaces are left at two ends of the side.

Preferably, a groove is engraved on a surface of the front electrode, and a depth of the groove is equal to or greater than a total thickness of the front electrode and the light absorbing layer.

According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to the first aspect of the present disclosure, when the first glass unit is a back sheet glass and the second glass unit is a front sheet glass, the photovoltaic module includes a back sheet glass, a glue film, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a color film layer, and a front sheet glass in this order, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit includes a back electrode, a light absorption layer, and a front electrode in this order, and the color film layer is located on an entire surface of a side of the front electrode adjacent to the front sheet glass.

Preferably, a groove is engraved on a surface of the back electrode, and a depth of the groove may be equal to or greater than a total thickness of the back electrode and the light absorbing layer.

According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to any one of the first to third aspects described above, the color film layer may be an insulating layer obtained by evaporation or sputtering.

according to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to any one of the first to third aspects, the color film layer may be made of Ti₃O₅Layer and SiO₂A stack of layers.

according to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to the fifth aspect, the thickness of the color film layer may be in a range of 100nm to 1000 nm.

According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to the second or third aspect, a surface of the front sheet glass, which is in contact with air, may be a frosted surface or a smooth surface.

according to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to any one of the first to third aspects above, the adhesive film may include any one of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive layer, a polyvinyl butyral adhesive layer, or a polyolefin copolymer adhesive layer.

According to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure, in the photovoltaic module according to any one of the first to third aspects above, the first glass unit or the second glass unit comprises any one of explosion-proof glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass, or rolled glass.

According to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a photovoltaic building, which may comprise a photovoltaic module as described in any one of the above aspects.

According to the photovoltaic module, the colored film layer is plated on the light receiving surface in a plating mode, so that the obtained color of the colored photovoltaic module is more ornamental. In addition, since the present disclosure obtains a desired color by controlling the thickness of the plating material, the color of the resulting colored photovoltaic module is more durable.

In addition, the present disclosure may also employ penrose tile graphics in photovoltaic modules, thereby enabling more shape combinations. Thus, combining the penrose tile graphics with the colors controlled as described above, the photovoltaic module can be combined into a variety of patterns.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the high and low orders of the respective components shown in the drawings are relative, i.e., the respective components shown in the drawings do not indicate that one component must be above another component, and these orders may be changed if the apparatus is reversed, and wherein:

Fig. 1 is a sectional view schematically showing the structure of a photovoltaic module obtained according to a first plating scheme of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a sectional view schematically showing the structure of a photovoltaic module obtained according to a second plating scheme of the present disclosure;

Figure 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a penrose tile according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Description of the symbols:

11. Front glass, 12 adhesive film, 13 front electrode, 14 light absorption layer, 15 back electrode, 16 back glass, 17 color film, 21 front glass, 22 front electrode, 23 light absorption layer, 24 back electrode, 25 adhesive film, 26 back glass, 27 color film

Detailed Description

Before the present disclosure is described in more detail, it is to be understood that this disclosure is not limited to particular embodiments described, as such may, of course, vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting, since the disclosure will be limited only by the appended claims.

After reading the disclosure of the present application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that each of the embodiments described and illustrated herein has discrete components and features which may be readily separated from each other or combined with the features of any of the other several embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Any methods described may be performed in the order in which the described events are performed, or in other orders which are logically possible.

The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

the term "comprising" as used herein means that the referenced components are present, and that other components are permitted. The term "comprising" should be interpreted as including the term "consisting of … …" and the term "consisting of … …" only allowing the presence of the indicated component, as well as any impurities resulting from the manufacturing process of the indicated component.

It should be noted that many of the terms used herein are relative terms. For example, the terms "first glass unit" and "second glass unit" are positionally opposite one another, i.e., the first glass unit is located at a higher elevation than the second glass unit in a given orientation, but these terms may be changed if the device is inverted.

The term "light receiving surface" refers to the surface of a component in a photovoltaic module that is subject to illumination. In this context, the light receiving surface refers to, for example, the surfaces of the front plate glass and the front electrode.

The present disclosure relates to a photovoltaic module, which comprises in sequence: the photovoltaic module comprises a first glass unit, an adhesive film, a photovoltaic power generation unit and a second glass unit, wherein the photovoltaic module further comprises a colored film layer which is arranged on the light receiving surface and is obtained through plating.

In a photovoltaic module, a coating scheme of a color photovoltaic module may be divided into two schemes according to a difference in a coating direction of a photovoltaic power generation unit (i.e., a chip). The first scheme is to plate the photovoltaic power generation unit on the back plate glass, namely the film coating sequence of the photovoltaic power generation unit is as follows: back electrode-light absorbing layer-front electrode. The other scheme is that the photovoltaic power generation unit is plated on the front plate glass, namely the film plating sequence of the photovoltaic power generation unit is as follows: front electrode-light absorbing layer-back electrode.

The coating schemes for these two types of color photovoltaic modules will be described in detail below.

Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of a photovoltaic module obtained according to a first coating scheme of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, the photovoltaic module of the present disclosure includes a front glass 11, an adhesive film 12, a front electrode 13, a light absorbing layer 14, a back electrode 15, a back glass 16, and a color film layer 17. The photovoltaic module is a thin film battery module, and the power generation material is plated on the back plate glass 16 and then covered by the module consisting of the adhesive film 12 and the front plate glass 11. The front electrode 13, the light absorbing layer 14, and the back electrode 15 constitute a photovoltaic power generation unit. The color film layer 17 is located in the middle portion of the front electrode 13 on the side away from the light absorbing layer 14, and positive and negative interfaces are left at both ends of the side. In a further embodiment, grooves are engraved on the surface of the front electrode 13, the depth of the grooves being equal to or greater than the total thickness of the front electrode 13 and the light absorbing layer 14; the color film layer 17 covers a middle portion of a side of the front electrode 13 away from the light absorbing layer 14 and fills the groove.

Referring again to fig. 1, the color film layer 17 included in the photovoltaic module of the present disclosure is plated on the surface of the front electrode (i.e., transparent conductive layer) 13 for the purpose of color chips. The main component of the color film layer 17 is Ti₃O₅And SiO₂. By coating with Ti₃O₅Layer and SiO₂The laminated layers reach a certain thickness, and not only have higher light transmittance, but also have certain color. According to different required colors, film layers with different thicknesses can be plated. The thickness of the colored film layer 17 is generally in the range of 100nm to 1000 nm. In addition, since the color film layer 17 is made of insulating material, the battery piece is not short-circuited. The color film layer 17 may be an insulating layer obtained by evaporation or sputtering.

Referring to fig. 1 again, the colored film 17 does not have a direct contact interface with the front glass 11, and the glue film 12 is disposed between the colored film 17 and the front glass 11 as an encapsulating material, so that the colored film 17 does not produce light pollution in visual effect, because the light reflective layer of the photovoltaic module is the interface between the air on the surface of the glass and the front glass 11 and the interface between the glue film 12 and the colored film 17. Because the surface of the color film layer 17 is not a smooth structure, the interface of the glue film 12 and the color film layer 17 is mainly diffuse reflection. The specular reflection is mainly the glass surface air-front glass 11 interface. In one embodiment, the surface of the front glass 11 that is in contact with air may also be frosted to reduce specular reflection and greatly reduce light pollution. In one embodiment, the first or second glass unit comprises any one of blast-resistant glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass, or rolled glass. In one embodiment, the adhesive film 12 includes any one of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive layer, a polyvinyl butyral adhesive layer, or a polyolefin copolymer adhesive layer.

Because the color film layer 17 is an insulating material, positive and negative interfaces need to be left at two ends of the photovoltaic power generation unit. In other words, the color film layer 17 covers the middle portion of the front electrode 13 on the side away from the light absorbing layer 14, leaving positive and negative electrode interfaces at both ends of the side.

Referring again to fig. 1, the photovoltaic power generation unit included in the photovoltaic module of the present disclosure includes a front electrode 13, a light absorbing layer 14, and a back electrode 15.

The front electrode 13 may be made of any suitable material. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the material for the front electrode 13 is a Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO). Suitable TCO materials include metal oxides of Ag, Al, Cu, Cr, Zn, Mo, Wo, Ca, Ti, In, Sn, Ba, Ti or Ni. The TCO layer may optionally be doped with metals such as Al, Ga, and Sb. Preferred materials for the front electrode 13 according to the present disclosure are Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), SnO₂And Sb-doped SnO₂(ATO)。

The light absorbing layer 14 according to the present disclosure may be made of a material conventionally known in the art, i.e., a material capable of converting light energy into electrical energy. Preferred materials for the light absorbing layer 14 according to the present disclosure are amorphous silicon (a-Si), copper indium diselenide (CIS), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, polycrystalline silicon (mc-Si), polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), or a stacked cell. The light absorbing layer 14 may be of any type, such as a single junction element, a tandem junction element, or a triple junction element, and may be made in any suitable manner described in the art.

The back electrode 15 may be transparent, translucent or even opaque. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the back electrode 15 is made of the above-described TCO or a metal film such as Ag, Cr, and Al or a combination of the TCO and the metal film. The thickness of the metal film is preferably set toToMore preferablyTo

On the back glass 16, the back electrode 15 is first plated, the back electrode 15 is subjected to grooving by laser scribing, then the light absorbing layer 14 is plated, the light absorbing layer 14 is subjected to grooving by secondary laser scribing, finally the front electrode 13 is plated, and the front electrode 13 and the light absorbing layer 14 are subjected to grooving by tertiary laser scribing, thereby forming the photovoltaic power generation unit.

According to the first coating scheme, since the color film layer 17 is coated on the surface of the light receiving surface front electrode 13 by plating, the color of the color photovoltaic module of the present disclosure is more ornamental and more durable.

Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the structure of a photovoltaic module obtained according to a second coating scheme of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, the photovoltaic module of the present disclosure includes a front plate glass 21, a front electrode 22, a light absorbing layer 23, a back electrode 24, an adhesive film 25, a back plate glass 26, and a color film layer 27. The photovoltaic module is a thin film battery module, and a colored film layer 27 is plated on the front glass 21. Then, the power generation material is plated on the color film layer 27, and then covered with the adhesive film 25 and the back glass 26 to form the assembly. The front electrode 22, the light absorbing layer 23, and the back electrode 24 constitute a photovoltaic power generation unit. The color film layer 27 covers a side of the front electrode 22 adjacent to the front plate glass 21. In a further embodiment, grooves are engraved on the surface of the back electrode 24, the depth of the grooves being equal to or greater than the total thickness of the back electrode 24 and the light absorbing layer 23.

Referring again to FIG. 2, the main component of the color film 27 is Ti₃O₅And SiO₂. By coating with Ti₃O₅Layer and SiO₂The laminated layers reach a certain thickness, and not only have higher light transmittance, but also have certain color. Color filmThe thickness of layer 27 is typically in the range of 100nm to 1000 nm. In addition, since the color film layer 27 is made of insulating material, the battery piece is not short-circuited. The color film layer 27 may be an insulating layer obtained by evaporation or sputtering.

Referring again to fig. 2, the first glass unit or the second glass unit includes any one of explosion-proof glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass, or rolled glass. The glue film 25 comprises any one of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer glue film, a polyvinyl butyral glue film or a polyolefin copolymer glue film.

Referring again to fig. 2, the photovoltaic power generation unit included in the photovoltaic module of the present disclosure includes a front electrode 22, a light absorbing layer 23, and a back electrode 24.

The front electrode 22 may be made of any suitable material. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the material for the front electrode 22 is a Transparent Conductive Oxide (TCO). Suitable TCO materials include metal oxides of Ag, Al, Cu, Cr, Zn, Mo, Wo, Ca, Ti, In, Sn, Ba, Ti or Ni. The TCO layer may optionally be doped with metals such as Al, Ga, and Sb. Preferred materials for the front electrode 22 according to the present disclosure are Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO), SnO₂And Sb-doped SnO₂(ATO)。

The light absorbing layer 23 according to the present disclosure may be made of a material conventionally known in the art, i.e., a material capable of converting light energy into electrical energy. Preferred materials for the light absorbing layer 23 according to the present disclosure are amorphous silicon (a-Si), copper indium diselenide (CIS), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), gallium arsenide, cadmium telluride, polycrystalline silicon (mc-Si), polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), or a stacked cell. The light absorbing layer 23 may be of any type, such as a single junction element, a tandem junction element, or a triple junction element, and may be made in any suitable manner described in the art.

The back electrode 24 may be transparent, translucent or even opaque. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the back electrode 24 is formed fromThe TCO is made of a metal film such as Ag, Cr and Al or a combination of the TCO and the metal film. The thickness of the metal film is preferably set toTomore preferablyTo

on the color film layer 27, the photovoltaic power generation unit shown in fig. 2 is formed by the same method as that for forming the photovoltaic power generation unit in fig. 1.

According to the photovoltaic module shown in FIG. 2, the color film 27 is directly plated on the front glass 21, and the light reflection interface is front glass-Ti₃O₅Or SiO₂So that the glass is reflected by a colorful mirror surface, and the color is more obvious and gorgeous. Moreover, since the color film 27 is plated on the light-receiving front glass 21 by plating, the color of the color element shown in fig. 2 of the present disclosure is more ornamental and more durable.

According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, color components may be combined with the penrose tiles to achieve a wide variety of color patterns, making the building more ornamental and artistic.

Figure 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a penrose tile according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, 31, 32, 33 form a diamond shape, wherein 32 and 33 are congruent triangles, and the three shapes can be combined into various patterns without repetition. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the penrose tile pattern is not limited to the one shown, but there are other kinds of asymmetric patterns.

Furthermore, the present disclosure may also provide a photovoltaic building comprising a photovoltaic module as described above. Preferably, the building body may be selected from photovoltaic tile roofs, photovoltaic curtain walls, photovoltaic daylighting roofs, and any combination thereof.

Therefore, the components are arranged on a building, and the edge part can customize the colored components or colored glass with special shapes according to the size of the building and the margin size, so that the building is more attractive.

It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments that have been employed to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, which, however, is not to be taken as limiting the disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these are to be considered as the scope of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module comprising, in order: first glass unit, glued membrane, photovoltaic power generation unit and second glass unit, its characterized in that: the photovoltaic module further includes a color film layer obtained by plating provided on the light receiving surface,

When the first glass unit is front glass and the second glass unit is back glass, the photovoltaic module sequentially comprises the front glass, a glue film, a color film layer, a photovoltaic power generation unit and the back glass, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit sequentially comprises a front electrode, a light absorption layer and a back electrode, the color film layer is positioned in the middle of one side of the front electrode, which is far away from the light absorption layer, and positive and negative interfaces are reserved at two ends of the side;

When the first glass unit is back plate glass and the second glass unit is front plate glass, the photovoltaic module sequentially comprises back plate glass, a glue film, a photovoltaic power generation unit, a color film layer and front plate glass, wherein the photovoltaic power generation unit sequentially comprises a back electrode, a light absorption layer and a front electrode, and the color film layer is positioned on the whole surface of one side, adjacent to the front plate glass, of the front electrode.

2. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the colored film layer is an insulating layer obtained by evaporation or sputtering.

3. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the color film layer is made of Ti₃O₅Layer and SiO₂A stack of layers.

4. A photovoltaic module according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the thickness of the color film layer is in the range of 100nm to 1000 nm.

5. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the front glass plate, which is in contact with air, is a frosted surface or a smooth surface.

6. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the adhesive film comprises any one of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive layer, a polyvinyl butyral adhesive layer or a polyolefin copolymer adhesive layer.

7. The photovoltaic module of claim 1, wherein: the first glass unit or the second glass unit comprises any one of explosion-proof glass, tempered glass, semi-tempered glass, float glass or rolled glass.

8. a photovoltaic building comprising a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 7.