CN114603273A - 钎焊组合物和使用方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- LBQSRCUUAYSSDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[Y] Chemical compound [B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[B].[Y] LBQSRCUUAYSSDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/058—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium without Mo and W
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
- B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0018—Brazing of turbine parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
- F05D2230/237—Brazing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了钎焊组合物和使用方法,所述组合物以近似重量百分比包含以下成分:铬15‑17;硅2.5‑3.5;钴6.0‑8.0;铝1.0‑2.0;钽1.5‑2.5;硼1.5‑2.5;钇0.015‑0.025;镍余量;以及附带的杂质。
Description
技术领域
本公开整体涉及用于接合部件的钎焊组合物。更具体地,本公开涉及用于接合涡轮部件的钎焊组合物,其中该钎焊组合物避免形成连续中心线共晶相发展,从而维持钎焊接头的延展性。
背景技术
基于多种因素,接合部件领域的变化和改进速度已经加快,诸如但不限于用于发电、航空和其他领域的涡轮部件。此类因素包括涡轮机械构造、涡轮的更高工作温度以及这些领域中使用的部件的复杂性。在包括板孔内的微混合器管的燃烧器组件的组装中,应用了用于固定管以便稳定组件并使板内的管的振动最小化的方法。在一些情况下,通过摩擦焊接实现固定,并且在其他情况下,通过使用相对昂贵的钎焊填料(可能包含金)来实现。此类固定方法可能是耗时且昂贵的,并且可能不总是实现期望的结果。在极端情况下,这可能需要返工。在工作期间,板孔内的微混合器管的潜在振动可能导致磨损,该磨损最终可能导致金属损失和微混合器管尖端故障,进而可能导致燃烧器效率低下以及可能的故障。
发明内容
本公开的第一方面提供了一种组合物,其以近似重量百分比包含:
附带的杂质。
本公开的第二方面提供了一种钎焊材料,其以近似重量百分比包含:
附带的杂质。
本公开的第三方面提供了一种使用钎焊材料的方法,该钎焊材料以近似重量百分比包含:
附带的杂质。
该方法包括将钎焊材料施加到涡轮机部件之间的接头;加热该钎焊材料以形成熔融的钎焊材料,以使该钎焊材料流入该接头;并且允许该熔融的钎焊材料冷却、固化并接合该涡轮机部件。
本公开的另一方面提供了钎焊材料,其以近似重量百分比包含:
附带的杂质。
本公开的例示性方面被设计成解决本文描述的问题和/或未讨论的其他问题。
附图说明
从结合描绘本公开的各种实施方案的附图的对本公开的各个方面的以下详细描述,将更容易理解本公开的这些和其他特征,其中:
图1示出了根据本公开的实施方案的由钎焊组合物接合的物体的示意图;并且
图2示出了根据本公开的实施方案的填充有钎焊组合物的楔形间隙的示意图。
应当注意,本公开的附图未必按比例绘制。附图旨在仅描绘本公开的典型方面,并且因此不应当被视为限制本公开的范围。在附图中,类似的编号表示附图之间的类似的元件。
具体实施方式
首先,为了清楚地描述当前公开的主题,当提及和描述相关的钎焊材料和加工时,将有必要选择某些术语。在可能范围内,通用行业术语将以与术语的接受含义一致的方式来使用和采用。除非另有说明,否则应当对此类术语给出与本申请的上下文和所附权利要求书的范围一致的广义解释。本领域的普通技术人员将了解,通常可以使用若干不同或重叠术语来引用特定特征部。在本文中可描述为单个零件的物体可以包括多个特征部并且在另一个上下文中被引用为由多个特征部组成。另选地,本文中可描述为包括多个特征部的物体可在别处称为单个零件。
此外,在本文中可以有规律地使用若干描述性术语,如下所述。术语“第一”、“第二”和“第三”可以可互换地使用,以将一个部件与另一个部件区分开,并且不旨在表示单独部件的位置或重要性。
本文使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施方案的目的并且不旨在限制本公开。如本文所用,单数形式“一个”、“一种”和“该”旨在也包括复数形式,除非上下文另有明确地说明。将进一步理解,当在说明书中使用时,术语“包括”和/或“包含”指定存在陈述特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件,但是不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、整数、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组。“可选的”或“可选地”意指随后描述的事件或情况可以或可以不发生,或者随后描述的部件或特征可以或可以不存在,并且该描述包括事件发生或部件存在的实例和事件不发生或部件不存在的实例。
在元件或层被称为“处于另一个元件或层上”、“接合到另一个元件或层”、“连接到另一个元件或层”或“联接到另一个元件或层”的情况下,它可直接处于另一元件或层上、接合到另一元件或层、连接到另一元件或层或联接到另一元件或层,或者可存在居间元件或层。相比之下,当元件被称为“直接处于另一个元件或层上”、“直接接合到另一个元件或层”、“直接连接到另一个元件或层”或“直接联接到另一个元件或层”时,可不存在居间元件或层。用于描述元件之间关系的其他词语应以类似的方式解释(例如,“在…之间”与“直接在…之间”,“相邻”与“直接相邻”等)。如本文所用,术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关联的所列项目的任何和所有组合。
钎焊加工很大程度上用于气体涡轮行业中。当液体钎焊金属在毛细管力作用下移入并填充到两个物体的间隙中时,形成良好的钎焊接头。此外,在钎焊固化之后,在钎焊中形成了具有很少或没有中心线共晶相的良好的钎焊接头,并且焊角基本上没有孔隙,如图1所示。另外,良好的钎焊基本上不含钎焊接头中的钎焊区域。
在钎焊方法中,参考图1,间隙G限定了由钎焊B接合的两个物体或部件10与20之间的间隙尺寸GS。在实施方案的某些方面,物体10和20可以包括涡轮机械部件。此外,在如本公开所体现的其他方面,物体10和20可以包括涡轮机械燃烧器部件,诸如但不限于微混合器燃烧组件中的管和板。可以在钎焊加工中管理间隙尺寸GS,以获得填充间隙体积的实心和所需的完全钎焊。对于每种钎焊填料金属,通常确定推荐的间隙尺寸GS范围以获得填充间隙体积的良好的钎焊接头。
例如,AMDRY 100(BNi-5)的推荐钎焊间隙尺寸范围在0.0005"和0.004"(0.012mm和0.1mm)之间。另外,AMDRY DF4B的推荐钎焊间隙尺寸范围在0.010"和0.060"(0.254mm和1.5mm)之间。即使可以控制钎焊间隙尺寸范围,但如果在钎焊间隙之外未放置适当体积的钎焊膏,则仍然可以观察到孔隙或钎焊不足(LOB)。因此,可能需要返工。
通常,钎焊间隙尺寸不均匀。这种不均匀性可能是由于物体基体材料的公差造成的。因此,可以通过目视检查观察到钎焊中的LOB和孔隙。同样,可能需要返工。
此外,如果钎焊间隙尺寸大于钎焊的推荐钎焊间隙尺寸,则存在连续中心线共晶相发展的可能性。这种连续中心线共晶相发展可以是硬而脆的,因此降低了钎焊接头的延展性。连续硬而脆的共晶相可能导致微裂缝或大裂缝,从而导致泄漏并影响寿命周期。钎焊接头的延展性降低可能导致在钎焊接头处的LOB、裂化和泄漏,这也可能需要返工。
在气体涡轮中的热气体路径部件的常规钎焊中,诸如但不限于微混合器燃烧组件中的管和板,可使用钎焊箔进行管与板之间的钎焊。在微混合器燃烧组件中,管与板之间的间隙尺寸可能难以控制。因此,在使用钎焊箔的钎焊接头中可能观察到连续共晶相,包括当钎焊间隙尺寸大于某一阈值尺寸时的使用。
为了避免在微混合器燃烧组件中形成连续共晶相,已经采用了在钎焊方法中使用金基钎焊填料,如上所述。在包括微混合器燃烧组件的一些高级气体涡轮机器中,可能需要数千个以上的金钎焊接头,这导致大量使用金并增加成本。
因此,如本公开所体现的,阐述了一种钎焊材料组合物。该钎焊材料组合物具有增强的流动能力,以用于在一个单钎焊热循环中填充从窄尺寸、中等尺寸到大尺寸一起的钎焊间隙。如本公开所体现的钎焊材料组合物提供了从小间隙到大间隙的增强的流动,这将能够实现物体之间良好的钎焊,包括但不限于涡轮机部件。另外,如本公开所体现的钎焊材料组合物还避免了其中共晶相导致延展性降低的不期望的硬而脆的中心线连续共晶相。
如本公开所体现的钎焊材料组合物包含以下成分,其重量百分比值在近似值范围内:
以及附带的杂质。
此外,根据钎焊材料的一个方面,组合物以近似重量百分比包含:
以及附带的杂质。
图2示出了根据本公开的实施方案的楔形间隙G,在其中根据用途设置有钎焊材料组合物B。如本公开所体现的钎焊材料组合物B可以在毛细管力作用下从间隙G开口25流动通过间隙G并流到终点26。终点26可以在间隙G中直到至少0.060"(1.5mm),并且可能更远。此外,如本公开所体现的钎焊材料组合物B可以在毛细管力作用下流动到间隙G中,直到间隙高度为至少0.020"(0.5mm)。因此,钎焊材料组合物B可以在毛细管力作用下流动并且适当地填充间隙的体积,诸如涡轮机械中的间隙,包括但不限于包括设置在板孔中的微混合器管的燃烧器处的间隙。
在使用中,将钎焊材料组合物B施加在接头或间隙G处或施加到接头或间隙G处。如上所述,在实施方案的某些方面,间隙G可以是涡轮机部件之间的接头,例如但不限于包括设置在板孔中的微混合器管的燃烧器处的间隙。加热钎焊材料,使得钎焊材料组合物B形成熔融的钎焊材料组合物B。该熔融的钎焊材料组合物B在毛细管力作用下流入间隙G,以使该钎焊材料流入间隙G。此后可使该熔融的钎焊材料组合物B冷却、固化并接合涡轮机部件。
如本公开所体现的钎焊材料组合物的技术效果包括但不限于消除不期望的连续中心线共晶相;降低由于这些共晶相引起的钎焊接头内部残余应力;通过增加延展性和降低钎焊间隙处的泄漏或LOB来降低裂化趋势。
如在整个说明书和权利要求书中使用的,近似语言可以用于修改可以允许变化的任何定量表示,而不会导致与其相关的基本功能的变化。因此,由一个或多个术语(诸如“约”、“大约”和“基本上”)修饰的值不限于指定的精确值。在至少一些情况下,近似语言可以对应于用于测量值的仪器的精度。这里以及整个说明书和权利要求书中,范围限制可以可以组合和/或互换;除非上下文或语言另有说明,否则这些范围被识别并包括其中包含的所有子范围。应用于范围的特定值的“大约”适用于两个端值,并且除非另外依赖于测量该值的仪器的精度,否则可以指示该值的+/-10%。
以下权利要求书中的所有装置或步骤加功能元件的对应结构、材料、动作和等同物旨在包括用于结合具体要求保护的其他要求保护的元件执行功能的任何结构、材料或动作。已经出于说明和描述的目的给出了对本公开的描述,但其并不旨在穷举或将本公开限制于所公开的形式。在不脱离本公开的范围和实质的情况下,许多修改和变化对于本领域普通技术人员将是显而易见的。选择和描述了实施方案以便最好地解释本公开的原理和实际应用,并且使得本领域的其他技术人员能够理解具有适合于预期的特定用途的各种修改的本公开的各种实施方案。
Claims (14)
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中所述组合物为钎焊组合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组合物,其中所述钎焊组合物被构造成用于钎焊涡轮机械零件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组合物,其中所述涡轮机械零件包括板孔内的微混合器管。
8.一种使用根据权利要求6所述的钎焊材料的方法,所述方法包括:
将所述钎焊材料施加到涡轮机部件(10)之间的接头;
加热所述钎焊材料以形成熔融的钎焊材料,以使所述钎焊材料流入所述接头;以及
允许所述熔融的钎焊材料冷却、固化并接合所述涡轮机部件(10)。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述涡轮机部件(10)包括燃烧器组件的涡轮机部件(10)。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述燃烧器组件的所述涡轮机部件(10)包括微混合器的部分。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述微混合器的所述部分包括板孔内的微混合器管。
13.根据权利要求12所述的钎焊材料,其中所述钎焊组合物被构造成用于钎焊涡轮机械零件。
14.根据权利要求13所述的钎焊材料,其中所述涡轮机械零件包括板孔内的微混合器管。
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US20220176499A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 |
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