CN114560747A - Fuse small-sized energy-gathering output detonator adopting single charge - Google Patents
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- CN114560747A CN114560747A CN202210301158.7A CN202210301158A CN114560747A CN 114560747 A CN114560747 A CN 114560747A CN 202210301158 A CN202210301158 A CN 202210301158A CN 114560747 A CN114560747 A CN 114560747A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
- C06C7/00—Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small fuse energy-gathering output detonator adopting single charge, which comprises a pipe shell, single charge and a shaped charge cover. The single charge is a coprecipitation initiating explosive taking lead azide as a main component, and the coprecipitation initiating explosive of the lead azide and the tetrazene with higher needling sensitivity and the coprecipitation initiating explosive of the lead azide and the trinitroresorcinol lead with higher flame sensitivity are respectively used for the needling energy accumulation output detonator and the flame energy accumulation output detonator, and simultaneously, the single charge is also a power output charge. The invention simplifies the detonator charging structure, reduces the height size of the detonator, reduces the detonator charging amount, is favorable for the explosion-proof safety of the detonator, realizes the axial long-distance and high-power accurate output by the energy-gathering effect, is particularly suitable for the detonator with the diameter and the height of less than 4 mm, and is used for detonating insensitive, namely low-vulnerability conductive and booster in an insensitive ammunition detonator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive devices, and particularly relates to a small fuse energy-gathering output detonator which adopts single charge and is beneficial to ensuring explosion-proof safety and initiating low-vulnerability conductive and booster powder.
Background
In order to increase the axial detonating capacity of the engineering detonator, the energy-gathering nest structure is additionally arranged at the output part of the bottom of some products. However, the power of the engineering detonator is larger, so that whether the energy-gathered nest structure is adopted has a remarkable effect on improving the power of the engineering detonator, and a controversial exists in the technical field of initiating explosive devices. Therefore, some engineering detonators in the market have an energy-gathering pit structure, and some engineering detonators in the market have no energy-gathering pit structure. However, the two methods are not clearly distinguished in application.
The detonator is different from the engineering detonator, and has small size, less explosive and weak power. Inside the detonator structure, the detonator is used as a sensitive explosive element and needs to be in a mechanical structure isolation, namely, an explosion-proof state in an assembly state, so that the detonator structure is prevented from being disassembled to generate dangerous fragments under the condition of accidental fire, and further, the detonator and the booster cannot detonate the subsequent explosive to detonate a shot or a warhead to charge so as to cause safety accidents. After the safety is released (i.e., the isolation state is released), the detonator and the booster can be reliably detonated.
In recent decades, the requirement on the explosion-proof safety of the fuze is higher and higher, the available space reserved for the design of the explosion-proof mechanism of the fuze is smaller and smaller, and in order to reduce the mass, main structural members of the fuze, such as a fuze body and the like, have to adopt materials, such as aluminum alloy and the like, which have low density but weak explosion-proof capability; in addition, the insensitive ammunition fuse leads and booster charges are required to realize low vulnerability, namely passivation, in most occasions, so that the fuse detonator is gradually developed towards size miniaturization and structure refinement.
At present, the diameter and the height of the small detonator for the fuze are both below 5 mm, and particularly below 4 mm. The diameter and height of the detonator are overlarge, the volume of the inner cavity is also large, the explosive is filled more, and the explosion-proof safety of the detonator is not easy to meet.
The detonator uses the mechanism of detonating conductive and booster powder of common small detonators, i.e. flat-bottom small detonators, and mainly uses shock wave overpressure to detonate. The impact wave overpressure can be rapidly attenuated along with the increase of the propagation distance, so that the long-distance detonation capability of the flat-bottom small detonator is low, the explosive loading and the size of the flat-bottom small detonator are increased, and the other problem is that the explosion-proof safety of the fuze, particularly the structure explosion-proof strength of the fuze, is influenced.
The existing small detonator with the fuse adopts a multi-layer explosive charging structure, and a propellant layer (a needle-punched propellant or a pilot propellant), a primer layer (lead azide) and a high explosive layer are arranged from an input end to an output end in sequence. Under such a complex explosive charging structure, in order to ensure the reliability of explosive charging and explosion propagation in the detonator, the height of each explosive layer cannot be too low, and particularly, when an energy-gathering pit structure is adopted, the explosive charging structure on the explosive charging structure and the explosive-gathering pit structure on the explosive charging structure can still be positioned in a high explosive layer, the height of the detonator is difficult to shorten, so that the power of the detonator is difficult to reduce, and the design of the detonator explosion-proof safety is very unfavorable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small fuse energy-gathering output detonator adopting single charge, which solves the problem that the axial detonating power of the detonator is difficult to improve by adopting an energy-gathering charge structure under the low charge height in the small fuse detonator, and further ensures the explosion-proof safety of the fuse, particularly the structure explosion-proof strength of the fuse.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a small fuse energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator adopting single charge comprises a pipe shell, single charge and a shaped charge cover. The liner adopts a classic shaped energy-gathering liner structure (such as conical shape, hemispherical shape, segment shape, horn shape, bell shape, etc.) to generate energy-gathering output. The single charge is a coprecipitation initiating explosive or a mixed initiating explosive which has ignition sensitivity, initiating capability and power output and takes lead azide as a main component.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is helpful to solve the contradiction between the explosion-proof safety and the detonation completeness of the fuze. The energy-gathering structure can realize axial long-distance and high-power accurate detonation after fuse arming; the single charge replaces the multiple charges, which is favorable for reliable booster, consistent power performance and high compression of the detonator; and the high compression of the detonator and the concave explosive-shaped cover structure reduce the explosive loading of the detonator, and are beneficial to solving the explosive-proof safety of the detonator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of the small energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator adopting the single-charge fuse.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 2 of the small energy-gathering flame detonator adopting the single-charge fuse.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 3 of the small energy-gathering flame detonator adopting the single-charge fuse.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 4 of the small energy-gathering flame-outputting detonator adopting the single-charge fuze.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
A small energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator adopting a single charge fuse comprises a pipe shell 1, a single charge 2 and a shaped charge cover 3, wherein the pipe shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the pipe shell is closed to be used as an input end, and the other end of the pipe shell is opened to be used as an output end; the whole single charge 2 and the liner 3 are sequentially arranged in the tube shell 1, the opening of the liner 3 faces to the output end and is pressed together with the single charge 2, and the single charge 2 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the liner 3 and is coated by the liner 3; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the single charge 2 and the shaped charge liner 3 are pressed.
The single charge 2 is a lead azide and tetrazene coprecipitation initiating explosive with high needling sensitivity, wherein the mass proportion of the lead azide is not less than 94%, and the mass proportion of the tetrazene is 2.5% -5.0%; or a mixed medicine of lead azide and tetrazene with higher acupuncture sensitivity, wherein the mass of the lead azide accounts for 92-98 percent, and the mass of the tetrazene accounts for 2-8 percent. The single charge 2 is not only a needling charge, but also an initiating charge or a power output charge, and can simplify the charge structure, reduce the height size of the detonator and reduce the charge amount on the premise of ensuring the needling sensitivity, thereby being beneficial to the explosion-proof safety of the fuze and realizing the axial long-distance and large-power accurate output by the energy-gathering effect.
The center of the input end of the tube shell 1 is provided with a fire transfer hole, and the inner side of the input end is firstly placed into a silk pad 4 before pressing the medicine so as to coat the medicine surface of the single-medicine-charging input end.
The single charge 2 is a coprecipitation initiating explosive of lead azide and trinitroresorcin lead with high flame sensitivity, wherein the mass ratio of the lead azide is 65-80%, the mass ratio of the trinitroresorcin lead is 20-35%, an adhesive with the mass ratio of 0.1-0.5% is additionally mixed, the components are nitrocotton, ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol, and the total mass percentage of the lead azide and the trinitroresorcin lead is 100%. Or the single charge 2 is a coprecipitation initiating explosive of lead azide and basic lead picrate with higher flame sensitivity (GB/T16628-1996 K.D. double salt initiating explosive), wherein the mass ratio of the lead azide is 47-61%, the mass ratio of the basic lead picrate is 29-38%, and the balance is lead hydroxide. The single charge 2 is not only ignition charge, but also initiating charge or power output charge, and can simplify the charge structure, reduce the height size of the detonator and reduce the charge amount on the premise of ensuring the flame sensitivity, thereby being beneficial to the explosion-proof safety of the fuze and realizing the axial long-distance and high-power accurate output by the energy-gathering effect.
Further, the liner 3 is a classic shaped liner design such as cone, hemisphere, segment, trumpet, bell, etc. The cone angle of the conical medicine-shaped cover is 50-100 degrees.
Furthermore, the liner 3 is made of pure aluminum, aluminum alloy, aluminum-magnesium alloy and low-carbon steel, and the wall thickness of the liner 3 is 0.1-0.3 mm.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1, the fuse small energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator adopting single charge comprises a tube shell 1, a single charge 2 and a shaped charge cover 3, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed and serves as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open and serves as an output end, a groove is formed in the center of the inner wall of the input end of the tube shell 1 to form an acupuncture surface, the thickness of the acupuncture surface of the input end is smaller, and the difficulty of acupuncture ignition is reduced. The whole single charge 2 and the liner 3 are sequentially arranged in the tube shell 1, the liner 3 is opened towards the output end and is pressed together with the single charge 2, and the single charge 2 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the liner 3 and is coated by the liner 3; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the single charge 2 and the shaped charge cover 3 are pressed, so that the small energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator has a complete structure.
The single charge 2 is a lead azide and tetrazene coprecipitation initiating explosive with high needling sensitivity, wherein the mass of the lead azide accounts for 95% and the mass of the tetrazene accounts for 5%; or a mixed medicine of lead azide and tetrazene with high acupuncture sensitivity, wherein the mass ratio of the lead azide is 96 percent, and the mass ratio of the tetrazene is 4 percent.
The liner 3 adopts a conical energy-gathering liner structure, the diameter of the liner is the same as the diameter of the charge, the cone angle of the liner is 70 degrees, the material is pure aluminum, and the wall thickness is 0.2 mm. The diameter of the detonator is 3.85 mm, and the height of the detonator is 3.8 mm.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 2, the fuse small-sized energy-gathering output flame detonator adopting single charge comprises a pipe shell 1, a single charge 2, a shaped charge cover 3 and a silk pad 4, wherein the pipe shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the pipe shell is closed and serves as an input end, the other end of the pipe shell is open and serves as an output end, a fire transfer hole is formed in the center of the input end of the pipe shell 1, and the silk pad 4 is placed in the inner side of the input end before the powder is pressed so as to cover the powder surface of the input end of the single charge; the whole single charge 2 and the liner 3 are sequentially arranged in the tube shell 1, the opening of the liner 3 faces to the output end and is pressed together with the single charge 2, and the single charge 2 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the liner 3 and is coated by the liner 3; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the single charge 2 and the shaped charge cover 3 are pressed, so that the small energy-gathering output flame detonator has a complete structure.
The single charge 2 is a coprecipitation initiating explosive of lead azide and trinitroresorcin lead with high flame sensitivity, wherein the mass percentage of the lead azide is 80%, the mass percentage of the trinitroresorcin lead is 20%, and in addition, an adhesive with the mass percentage of 0.1-0.5% is further mixed, and the components are nitrocotton, ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol. The single charge 2 can also be a coprecipitation initiating explosive of lead azide and basic lead picrate with high flame sensitivity (GB/T16628 1996 K.D. double salt initiating explosive), wherein the mass ratio of the lead azide is 60%, the mass ratio of the basic lead picrate is 30%, and the balance is lead hydroxide.
The liner 3 adopts a conical energy-gathering liner structure, the diameter of the liner is the same as the diameter of the charge, the cone angle of the liner is 70 degrees, the material is pure aluminum, and the wall thickness is 0.2 mm. The diameter of the detonator is 3.85 mm, and the height of the detonator is 3.8 mm.
Example 3
With reference to fig. 3, the small fuse energy-gathering flame detonator adopting single charge comprises a pipe shell 1, a single charge 2, a liner 3 and a silk pad 4. Wherein the shaped charge liner 3 adopts a conical energy-gathering shaped charge liner structure, and the diameter of the conical energy-gathering socket part of the shaped charge liner is half of the diameter of the charged charge. The remaining structure and charge were the same as in example 2. The taper angle of the medicine-shaped cover is 60 degrees, the material is pure aluminum, and the wall thickness is 0.2 mm. The diameter of the detonator is 3.85 mm, and the height is 3.2 mm.
Example 4
With reference to fig. 4, the fuse small-sized energy-gathering output flame detonator adopting single charge comprises a pipe shell 1, single charge 2, a shaped charge cover 3 and a silk pad 4, wherein the shaped charge cover 3 adopts a hemispherical energy-gathering shaped charge cover structure, and the diameter of the bottom surface of a hemispherical energy-gathering nest of the shaped charge cover is half of the diameter of the charge. The rest of the structure and charge were the same as in example 2. The medicine-shaped cover is made of pure aluminum, and the wall thickness is 0.2 mm. The diameter of the detonator is 3.85 mm, and the height is 3.2 mm.
The small energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator disclosed by the embodiment 1 has the advantages that the single charge 2 is not only acupuncture charge, but also primary charge or power output charge, the charge structure is simplified, the height size of the detonator is reduced, the charge amount is reduced on the premise of ensuring the acupuncture sensitivity, the fuze explosion-proof safety is facilitated, the axial long distance and high power accurate output realized by the energy-gathering effect is realized, and the small energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator is particularly suitable for acupuncture detonators with the diameter and the height of less than 4 mm.
The small energy-gathering output flame detonator of the embodiment 2, the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 has the advantages that the single charge 2 is not only ignition powder, but also initiating powder or power output charge, on the premise of ensuring the flame sensitivity, the charge structure is simplified, the height size of the detonator is reduced, the charge amount is reduced, the explosion-proof safety of fuze is facilitated, the axial long distance and high power accurate output realized by the energy-gathering effect are realized, and the small energy-gathering output flame detonator is particularly suitable for the flame detonators with the diameters and the heights below 4 mm.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A small fuse energy-gathering output acupuncture detonator adopting single charge comprises a tube shell (1), wherein the tube shell (1) is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed and serves as an input end, and the other end of the tube shell is opened and serves as an output end; the method is characterized in that: also comprises a single charge (2) and a liner (3); the single charge (2) and the shaped charge cover (3) are sequentially arranged in the tube shell (1), the opening of the shaped charge cover (3) faces to the output end and is pressed together with the single charge (2), and the single charge (2) forms an energy-gathering recess under the constraint of the shaped charge cover (3) and is coated by the shaped charge cover (3); the output end of the tube shell (1) is closed after the single charge (2) and the shaped charge cover (3) are pressed.
2. The fuze small energy-gathering output needle-punched detonator adopting the single charge of claim 1, wherein: the single charge (2) adopts lead azide and tetrazene coprecipitation initiating explosive, wherein the mass fraction of the lead azide is not less than 94%, and the mass fraction of the tetrazene is 2.5% -5.0%.
3. The fuze small energy-gathering output needle-punched detonator adopting the single charge of claim 1, wherein: the single charge (2) adopts a mixed medicine of lead azide and tetrazene, wherein the mass fraction of the lead azide accounts for 92-98%, and the mass fraction of the tetrazene accounts for 2-8%.
4. The detonator of claim 1 wherein the fuse miniature energy-gathering output flame detonator comprises: the center of the input end of the tube shell (1) is provided with a fire transfer hole, and the inner side of the input end is firstly placed with a silk pad (4) before pressing the medicine so as to cover the medicine surface of the input end of the single medicine charge (2).
5. The fuze miniature energy-gathered output flame detonator of claim 4, wherein: the single charge (2) adopts lead azide and trinitroresorcinol lead coprecipitation initiating explosive, wherein the mass fraction of the lead azide accounts for 65-80%, the mass fraction of the trinitroresorcinol lead accounts for 20-35%, the total mass fraction of the lead azide and the trinitroresorcinol lead is 100%, in addition, an adhesive with the mass fraction of 0.1-0.5% is further mixed, and the adhesive comprises nitrocotton, ethyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol.
6. The fuze miniature energy-concentrating output flame detonator using a single charge according to claim 4, wherein: the single charge (2) adopts lead azide and basic lead picrate coprecipitation initiating explosive, wherein the mass fraction of the lead azide accounts for 47-61%, the mass fraction of the basic lead picrate accounts for 29-38%, and the balance is lead hydroxide.
7. The fuze miniature energy concentrating output detonator according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the liner (3) adopts a classical shape energy-gathering liner structure.
8. The detonator of claim 7 wherein the fuse miniature energy gathering output detonator comprises: the liner (3) is a conical liner with a cone angle of 50-100 deg.
9. The fuze miniature energy concentrating output detonator according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the liner (3) is made of pure aluminum, aluminum alloy, aluminum-magnesium alloy or low-carbon steel.
10. The fuze miniature energy concentrating output detonator according to claim 1 or 4, wherein: the wall thickness of the liner (3) is 0.1-0.3 mm.
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2022
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