CN115325890A

CN115325890A - Explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse

Info

Publication number: CN115325890A
Application number: CN202210974546.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王雨时; 毕思健; 王光宇
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2022-08-15
Filing date: 2022-08-15
Publication date: 2022-11-11

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse which comprises a body, an explosion-proof piece, a detonator, a safety piece, insensitive powder transfer, a bottom plate and a fire transfer pipe shell. The safety element keeps the explosion-proof element in a staggered, namely explosion-proof state, the detonator is positioned in the explosion-proof element, and the detonator and the insensitive powder transfer are sealed by the shell of the transfer case. In the assembly state, the detonator is in a dislocation state and is sealed in the explosion-proof chamber, a preset fire transfer channel is not arranged between the detonator and the in-line insensitive powder transfer, and the explosion-proof piece and the partition plate with enough strength are sealed, so that the powder transfer cannot be ignited even if the detonator is accidentally ignited. Only when the safety state is relieved, namely the detonator is aligned or basically aligned with the transfer charge, the detonator is normally ignited and explodes through the partition board positioned in the center of the top of the transfer case, and the transfer charge can be ignited. The invention has the advantages of good safety, high reliability, small volume and low cost, and is particularly suitable for small-caliber bullet fuses.

Description

Explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the fuze technology, and particularly relates to an explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuze.

Background

According to the difference of output impulse, the fuse is divided into a detonation fuse mainly taking detonation output and an ignition fuse mainly taking flame output. The detonation sequence in which the fuze is fired is called a transfer sequence. The basic components of a fire-transfer sequence are given by a fuse design manual (1 st edition in 1978, 7) of national defense industry publishers and a GJB/Z135-2002 fuse engineering design manual, and mainly comprise a fire cap, a reinforcing charge column and a fire-transfer charge column, but the components are not provided with a detonator, an explosive-leading charge and an explosive-transferring charge. According to the fuze design principle (Chen Qing Sheng, national defense industry Press, 6 th edition 1986), an explosion sequence of the flame impulse output by the last explosion element is called a fire transfer sequence and generally comprises a fire cap, a delay powder column, a relay powder column, a spread-fire powder column and the like. According to the general theory of fuze (published by Li Shi, beijing university of Physician university, 7.2017, 1 st edition), the last explosive element in the fire-propagating sequence outputs flame impulse, which mainly comprises a fire cap, a time powder tray, a reinforced powder column and a flame-expanding powder column, but does not comprise a detonator, a detonating tube and a detonating tube. According to the dictionary and the fuze of science and technology in weapons and industry (edited by folk English, national defense industry publishers, 1 st edition of 12 1991), "the fuze explosion sequence can be divided into a transfer explosion sequence and a transfer fire sequence", and the transfer fire sequence "the last explosion element outputs flame impulse, which is also called as a low-speed explosion sequence. The primer is generally composed of a fire cap, a reinforced explosive column, a transfer charge and the like, is used for a special cartridge such as a combustion cartridge, a smoke screen cartridge, a propagation cartridge and the like, and is used for a mother cartridge detonator and a firework signal charge of a part of shrapnel, \ 8230which is used for explosion transfer and fire transfer general explosion series besides an independent explosion transfer sequence and a fire transfer sequence, and plays a role in explosion transfer when a detonation transfer pipe is screwed up and plays a role in fire transfer when the detonation transfer pipe is removed. Generally consists of a needle-punched detonator, a detonating tube, a booster tube and the like. According to "engineering design and test of initiating explosive device" (Wangchen, shuichun, national Industrial publishing Co., 9, 2010, 1 st edition), "in the serialization design of fuze, it is required that the explosion-proof mechanism and the explosion-propagating sequence are shared, but both the detonation output and the ignition output are adapted (only the explosion-propagating tube needs to be replaced by the ignition cartridge), thereby forming serialization. If the common detonating sequence electric ignition head-the needle-punched detonator-the detonating tube is used, when the output end is the detonating tube, the final output is the detonation output, and the function of detonating the warhead is completed; and when the output end is the ignition medicine box, the final output is the ignition output, and the functions of pushing out bullets and the like are completed. Depending on safety requirements, when the ignition cartridge is ignited by a detonating tube with a detonation output, detonation or detonation cannot occur. This requires that: firstly, an aluminum shell is arranged at the output end of the detonating tube to attenuate the detonation wave; second, it is desirable that the ignition capsule be substantially larger in size than the detonator, to function as a diffuser and to eliminate detonation. When the black powder box is ignited by a thunder tube, the design as follows is adopted: firstly, a cavity is required between the detonator and the black powder box, the pressure output by the detonator is attenuated, and the black powder is ignited by using a combustion product of the detonator; secondly, when the black powder burns, an explosion venting cavity is needed. The black powder has large gas production, and a free cavity is required to be reserved so as to ensure no deflagration. "

Safety system design and simulation with dual output function (sumawa, university of western electronic technology engineering university thesis, 10 2013), the projectile timing capsule opening fire transfer sequence shown in fig. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.7 mainly consists of an electric detonator, a pin detonator, a smooth stepped hole type fire transfer channel and a throwing powder. The electric detonator, the needle detonator and the smooth stepped hole type fire transfer channel are positioned in the fuse, and the thrown powder is black powder which belongs to sensitive medicament and is positioned in the bullet body and is far away from the needle detonator. The safety system only comprises a fire transfer hole, a needle-punched detonator and a fire transfer channel, and the fire transfer channel is normally open and is not provided with a clapboard which is crucial to safety.

According to the relevant requirements of GJB373, GJB373A and GJB373B fuse safety design criteria, the sensitive fire transfer sequence of the ignition fuse is also designed according to the explosion-proof requirement, namely the sensitive medicament is required to be arranged above the explosion-proof component. Some ignition fuses are designed according to the classic ignition sequence structure, namely an electric igniter tube-ignition charge or a needle-piercing ignition cap (electric igniter) -ignition charge.

Because a fire transfer channel is arranged between an electric ignition tube (a needle-pricked fire cap and an electric ignition head) and the fire transfer powder to ensure reliable fire transfer, and the fire transfer powder is convenient to be reliably ignited by flame and cannot be sealed by a shell, a potential fire transfer passage to the fire transfer powder can be formed even if the electric ignition tube (the needle-pricked fire cap and the electric ignition head) is in a dislocation state, so the fire transfer series cannot completely solve the contradiction between reliable fire transfer and explosion-proof safety, for example, an explosion-proof safety test has to allow flame smudging marks on the surface of the fire transfer powder, the safety risk is higher, and black powder or waterproof powder is used as the fire transfer powder, the friction sensitivity is higher, and the safety requirement of ignition safety design criteria on in-line charging cannot be met.

As described above, the ignition sequence structure of detonator-detonating tube-ignition tube (powder) is adopted, and the detonator needs to reliably ignite the detonating tube, so that the power of the detonator cannot be too small, the volume of the detonator explosion-proof mechanism can still be larger, and the contradiction between the detonator explosion-proof safety and the ignition reliability is difficult to solve.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse which is small in size and is particularly suitable for a small-caliber cartridge fuse (including a smoke pot fuse). The fire transfer sequence mainly comprises detonator-transfer powder, wherein the transfer powder is insensitive transfer powder such as boron/potassium nitrate. In an assembly state, the detonator is in a dislocation state and is sealed in the explosion-proof chamber, a fire transfer channel is not preset between the detonator and the in-line insensitive powder transfer, structures such as an explosion-proof piece with enough strength, a partition plate and the like are sealed, and the powder transfer is positioned below the partition plate. In this state, even if the detonator is accidentally fired and exploded, the partition plate is not damaged, and the transfer charge is not ignited. Only when the safety state is relieved, namely the detonator is aligned or basically aligned with the propellant, the detonator is normally ignited and explodes through the partition plate, and the propellant can be ignited.

Since ignition is much easier than detonation, the transfer charge below the barrier can in principle be ignited by simply blasting through the barrier, so the detonator power in this case need not be very large, typically comparable to or slightly less than that of the U.S. M55 detonator. Therefore, the explosion-proof safety requirement of the fuze is easy to meet, and the size of the fuze explosion-proof mechanism is also easy to realize miniaturization.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a flame-proof type high-safety ignition fuse comprises a body, a flame-proof piece, a detonator, a safety piece, insensitive powder transfer, a bottom plate and a fire transfer tube shell, wherein the safety piece keeps the flame-proof piece in a staggered flame-proof state, the detonator is positioned in the flame-proof piece and is blocked by the fire transfer tube shell with the insensitive powder transfer, and a preset fire transfer channel is not formed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

(1) The safety is good, and the reliability is high.

(2) The structure is simple, the cost is low, and the occupied space is small.

(3) The transfer powder is insensitive ignition powder and can be regarded as the possibility of no external fire.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention in a safety state in an assembled state.

In the figure, 1 is a cover plate, 2 is a fire cap, 3 is a body, 4 is an explosion-proof part, 5 is a detonator, 6 is a safety part, 7 is insensitive powder transfer, 8 is a bottom plate, and 9 is a fire transfer pipe shell.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.

Referring to fig. 1, the explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse comprises a cover plate 1, a fire cap 2, a body 3, an explosion-proof part 4, a detonator 5, a safety part 6 and a fire transfer tube, wherein the fire transfer tube comprises an insensitive powder transfer 7, a bottom plate 8 and a fire transfer tube shell 9. A first step hole is formed in the center of the bottom face of the body 3 upwards and communicated with the explosion-proof chamber, a fire transmission hole is formed right above the explosion-proof chamber and communicated with a second step hole, and the first step hole, the explosion-proof chamber, the fire transmission hole and the second step hole are sequentially arranged from bottom to top and are coaxial with the axis of the body 3. The lower half part of the first step hole is provided with internal threads, the upper half part of the first step hole is a smooth cylindrical hole, and the aperture of the first step hole is the same as the small diameter of the internal threads; explosion-proof chamber from bottom to top

The cylindrical cavity of the first step and the cavity with the upper part close to a hemispherical shape are combined, the diameter of the cylindrical cavity is the same as that of the hemispherical cavity, but is smaller than that of the upper half part of the first step hole and is far larger than that of the fire transfer hole above the first step hole; the diameters of the fire transfer holes and the second stepped holes are gradually increased from bottom to top. The second stepped hole comprises a second stepped hole, a third stepped hole and a fourth stepped hole from bottom to top. The input end of the fire cap 2 is riveted and fixed in the second-step hole upwards, and the cover plate 1 is closed and fixed in the fourth-step hole. The fire transfer pipe is connected with the internal thread in the first-step hole through the external thread on the fire transfer pipe shell 9, the center of the top of the fire transfer pipe shell 9 is provided with a spherical groove, and the lower end part of the explosion-proof part 4 is positioned in the spherical groove; the center of the bottom of the ignition tube shell 9 is provided with a blind hole, and the insensitive ignition powder 7 is filled in the blind hole and is sealed and fixed by a bottom plate 8 which is closed on the ignition tube shell 9. A weak clapboard is formed between the spherical groove and the blind hole. The output end of the fire cap 2 is right opposite to the fire transmission hole.

The body 3 is made of medium carbon steel or aluminum alloy. The safety piece 6 is an open ring and is made of copper alloy. The thickness of the split ring is 0.4 to 0.5 mm, and the minimum reliable relief rotation speed can reach 800 r/s. The explosion-proof piece 4 protected by the split ring is a ball rotor, and the diameter of the ball rotor is 8-10 mm. The material of the fire transfer pipe shell 9 is medium carbon steel, and the thickness of the thinnest part of the central clapboard part at the top of the fire transfer pipe shell 9 is within the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. The diameter of the detonator 5 is 3 to 4 mm, the height is 3 to 7 mm, and 5 to 20 mg of high explosive is filled in the detonator.

The insensitive powder transfer agent 7 is powder with sensitivity not higher than that of special powder, such as boron/potassium nitrate, and can ensure that accidental ignition and explosion cannot occur in the service processing and launching process.

In the assembly state, the safety piece 6 protects the explosion-proof piece 4 to ensure that the explosion-proof piece is in an explosion-proof state, namely the detonator 5 is sealed in the explosion-proof piece 4 in the explosion-proof chamber on the body 3 and is in a dislocation state. The transfer charge 7 is located below the top central bulkhead of the transfer case 9 and is enclosed by the transfer case 9 and the floor 8. There is no pre-set fire transfer channel between the detonator 5 and the in-line insensitive powder transfer 7. In this state, even if the detonator 5 is accidentally fired and exploded, the explosion-proof piece 4 cannot be damaged, the transfer charge 7 cannot be ignited, and the fuse is in a safe state.

After normal launching, when the projectile moves to approach the muzzle, the safety piece 6 is thrown away under the action of inertial centrifugal force, the safety of the explosion-proof piece 4 is relieved, and the explosion-proof piece 4 starts to rotate positively. When the explosion-proof part 4 rotates to move forward until the detonator 5 is aligned or basically aligned with the propellant 7, the fuse is relieved and is in a state of waiting for ignition.

Then, if the fuse hits a target or falls to the ground, the cover plate 1 hits the fire cap 2 under the action of the target impact force, the fire cap 2 fires, the detonator 5 is then triggered, the detonator 5 explodes and explodes through the partition plate at the top center part of the ignition shell 9, the ignition primer 7 is ignited, and the fuse completes preset flame output.

The detonator 5 in this case does not need to be very powerful, comparable or slightly less powerful than the american M55 detonator, since ignition is much easier than detonation, just by blasting through the septum at the top of the transfer case 9 to ignite the transfer charge 7 below the septum. Therefore, the explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse is particularly suitable for the explosion-proof high-safety ignition fuse of a small-caliber bomb, comprises a smoke generating tank fuse, and can better meet the requirements of the safety and the size miniaturization of a fuse explosion-proof mechanism when light materials such as aluminum alloy are used as main structural members such as a fuse body.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a high security ignition fuse of flame-proof type which characterized in that: the explosion-proof detonator is characterized by comprising a body (3), an explosion-proof part (4), a detonator (5), a safety part (6), insensitive powder transfer (7), a bottom plate (8) and a fire transfer tube shell (9), wherein the explosion-proof part (4) is kept in a staggered explosion-proof state by the safety part (6), the detonator (5) is positioned in the explosion-proof part (4), and the detonator and the insensitive powder transfer (7) are plugged by the fire transfer tube shell (9) without a preset fire transfer channel.

2. The flameproof high-safety ignition fuse of claim 1, characterized in that: the insensitive propellant (7) is a powder with lower sensitivity than the Tetro.

3. The flameproof high-safety ignition fuse of claim 2, characterized in that: the gunpowder with lower sensitivity than the Tetrole adopts boron/potassium nitrate.