CN113932665B - Explosion-proof mechanism of rotary bullet fuze - Google Patents
Explosion-proof mechanism of rotary bullet fuze Download PDFInfo
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- CN113932665B CN113932665B CN202110775016.XA CN202110775016A CN113932665B CN 113932665 B CN113932665 B CN 113932665B CN 202110775016 A CN202110775016 A CN 202110775016A CN 113932665 B CN113932665 B CN 113932665B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
- F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids
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Abstract
The invention discloses an explosion-proof mechanism applied to a rotary bullet fuze, which is arranged in front of a fuze detonating tube and behind an energy-gathering detonating tube. The explosion-proof mechanism comprises a throttle body and flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid serving as an explosion-proof object. The throttle body is positioned in the explosion-proof object, but the explosion-proof object is not fully filled, and the amount of the explosion-proof object can lead the central explosion-conducting channel at the inner side of the throttle body, namely the cylindrical cavity, to be left empty and flow into the annular cavity at the outer side of the throttle body when the projectile rotates. When the rotary bomb rotates and flies, the central explosion propagation channel is opened, and normal explosion propagation is not affected. When the fuze is accidentally misfired, after the projectile stops moving, the explosion-proof object can flow back to the central explosion-transmitting channel through the throttle hole on the throttle body under the action of gravity, so that the explosion-transmitting tube cannot be detonated even if the explosion-transmitting tube is accidentally detonated, and the safety of the treatment of the explosive of the non-detonated projectile is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of safe treatment of insensitive fuses and non-explosive explosives, in particular to an explosion-proof mechanism applied to a rotary bomb fuse.
Background
The fuze is the detonation device of the explosive charges in the projectile and warhead. The fuze fails to detonate when detonating, but accidentally detonates when not detonating, and the consequences are serious. The explosive handling characteristics of insensitive ammunition and its fuze and non-explosive are all products or design concepts arising from the class of problems. The existing insensitive detonator technology is mainly aimed at the design of detonator detonating tubes, adopts structural design measures such as insensitive (desensitizing), decompression (exhausting), cladding and the like, and needs to adopt larger changes to the existing detonator detonating tube design, including replacing insensitive explosive. Regarding the explosive handling characteristics of the fuze, the method mainly conforms to the principles of self-destruction, self-disabling and self-disabling. The fire-insulating technology and the implementation principle in the self-destruction, self-disabling and self-disabling technologies are mature, but the self-disabling technologies beyond fire-insulating currently have less specific principles and technical schemes which are mature, reliable and have general meaning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an explosion-proof mechanism applied to a rotary bullet fuze so as to realize the insensitive characteristic of the rotary bullet fuze and the safe treatment of explosives. The explosion-proof mechanism is used to increase the axial explosion-conducting capacity of the detonating tube and is generally an energy-gathering structure. The energy-collecting detonating tube is added after the detonator of the detonator sequence, or the original detonating tube is changed into the energy-collecting detonating tube. The universality is strong, the reliability is high, and the occupied space is small.
The solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the explosion-proof mechanism is arranged before the detonator of the detonator explosion-spreading sequence and is additionally provided with an energy-gathering detonating tube or changes the original detonating tube into the energy-gathering detonating tube after the detonator of the detonator explosion-spreading sequence.
The explosion-proof mechanism comprises a throttle body, an explosion-proof body and flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid serving as an explosion-proof object, the explosion-proof object has good fluidity, the explosion-proof object is formed by coaxially combining a first revolving body and a second revolving body, the diameter of the first revolving body is larger than that of the second revolving body, the outer side wall of the first revolving body is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fuze body, a blind hole is arranged upwards from the center of the bottom surface of the second revolving body, the blind hole extends into the first revolving body, and the energy-collecting detonating tube is arranged in the blind hole; the throttle body is cylindrical, a circle of flange is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the cylinder, the circumferential outer wall of the flange is contacted with the inner wall of the fuze body, and the top of the cylinder of the throttle body is inserted into a blind hole of the explosion-proof body; the shell of the detonating tube props against the bottom surface of the flange of the throttle body, and a bottom through gap is reserved between the input end of the detonating tube and the bottom surface of the throttle body; an annular cavity is formed among the throttle body, the explosion-proof body and the inner wall of the fuze body; the center of the cylinder of the throttle body is an explosion propagation channel; the throttle body is also provided with a plurality of first throttle holes, a plurality of second throttle holes and a plurality of third throttle holes, the plurality of third throttle holes are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the flange around the cylinder, the plurality of first throttle holes are uniformly and alternately distributed on the cylinder along the circumferential direction, the plurality of second throttle holes are uniformly and alternately distributed on the cylinder along the circumferential direction, and the first throttle holes are positioned above the second throttle holes; the explosion-proof material is filled in the central explosion-conducting channel, the annular cavity and the bottom through gap, but the explosion-proof material is not fully filled in the central explosion-conducting channel and the annular cavity, the annular cavity is just fully filled with the explosion-proof material when the projectile rotates, and the central explosion-conducting channel is left empty at the moment.
Further, the explosion-proof material adopts flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid.
Further, when the explosion-proof material adopts quasi-fluid, the bottom through gap is not smaller than 4 times of the maximum particle diameter of the quasi-fluid.
Further, the quasi-fluid adopts micro-diameter spherical beads with diameters between 0.10mm and 0.60 mm.
Further, the quasi-fluid adopts high-strength glass beads with the Mohs hardness of more than 6.
Further, the flame-retardant liquid is low-viscosity, high-density and good in compatibility with structural parts.
Further, the flame-retardant liquid with low viscosity and high density and good compatibility with the structural part is diiodomethane or Su Shen-Luo Erba liquid.
Further, the number of the first throttling holes is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the first throttling holes is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of the quasi-fluid particles; the upper hole edge of the first throttling hole is flush with the bottom surface of the explosion-proof body.
Further, the number of the second orifices is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the second orifices is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of the quasi-fluid particles; the second orifice is located between the first orifice and the orifice body flange.
Further, the number of the third orifices is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the third orifices is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of quasi-fluid particles, and the third orifices are used for connecting the annular cavity and the bottom through gap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) When the explosion-guiding explosive is used for insensitive fuze, the explosion-guiding explosive is detonated by the detonator which is isolated at ordinary times, and the detonation margin is lower, so that the difficulty of replacing the explosion-guiding explosive with insensitive explosive is higher. The invention can select traditional non-insensitive explosive (i.e. straight-line explosive such as polyLi-14 which is permitted in the standard of fuze safety design rule) as the explosive guiding agent, thus the design difficulty of the insensitive fuze explosion sequence is reduced.
(2) When the explosion-proof device is used for safely processing the explosion-proof objects, the explosion-proof objects can realize the opening and closing of the explosion-conducting channel between the explosion-conducting pipes by depending on the receptive mechanical environment and the self-flowing characteristic, and the explosion-proof device is of a pure mechanical structure, does not need external power supply or externally applied high-pressure gas, and has the advantages of high reliability, small occupied space, light weight, simple structure and low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an axial cross-section of the invention with the fuze upright in an assembled state.
Fig. 2 is an axial cross-section of the invention in a flight, i.e. rotational, environment.
Figure 3 is an axial cross-section of the invention with the fuze lying down in an accidental blind fire condition.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an explosion-proof mechanism applied to a rotary bullet fuze is arranged in a fuze body 1 and is positioned before a fuze explosion-spreading sequence detonating tube 9, and an energy-collecting detonating tube 5 is additionally arranged behind the fuze explosion-spreading sequence detonator or an original detonating tube is changed into the energy-collecting detonating tube 5. The explosion-proof mechanism comprises a throttle body 4, an explosion-proof body 6 and flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid serving as an explosion-proof object 7, wherein the explosion-proof object 7 has good fluidity, the explosion-proof body 6 is formed by coaxially combining a first revolving body and a second revolving body, the diameter of the first revolving body is larger than that of the second revolving body, the outer wall of the first revolving body is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fuze body 1, a blind hole is upwards arranged from the center of the bottom surface of the second revolving body and extends into the first revolving body, and the energy-collecting detonating tube 5 is arranged in the blind hole; the throttle body 4 is cylindrical, a circle of flange is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the cylinder, the circumferential outer wall of the flange is in contact with the inner wall of the fuze body 1, and the top of the cylinder of the throttle body 4 is inserted into a blind hole of the explosion-proof body 6; the shell of the detonating tube 9 props against the bottom surface of the flange of the throttle body 4, and a bottom clearance is reserved between the input end of the detonating tube 9 and the bottom surface of the throttle body 4; an annular cavity is formed among the throttle body 4, the explosion-proof body 6 and the inner wall of the fuze body 1; the cylinder center of the throttle body 4 is an explosion propagation channel; the throttle body 4 is also provided with a plurality of first throttle holes 2, a plurality of second throttle holes 3 and a plurality of third throttle holes 8, the plurality of third throttle holes 8 are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the flange around the cylinder, the plurality of first throttle holes 2 are uniformly distributed on the cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, the plurality of second throttle holes 3 are uniformly distributed on the cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the first throttle holes 2 are positioned above the second throttle holes 3; the explosion-proof material 7 is filled in the central explosion-conducting channel, the annular cavity and the bottom through gap, but the explosion-proof material 7 is not fully filled in the central explosion-conducting channel and the annular cavity, the annular cavity is just fully filled when the projectile rotates, and the central explosion-conducting channel is left empty at the moment.
Further, the explosion-proof material 7 adopts flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid.
Further, when the explosion-proof material 7 adopts a quasi-fluid, the bottom through gap is not smaller than 4 times of the maximum particle diameter of the quasi-fluid.
Further, the quasi-fluid employs high strength glass beads having a mohs hardness greater than 6 between 0.10mm and 0.60mm in diameter.
Further, the flame-retardant liquid is low-viscosity, high-density and good in compatibility with structural parts.
Further, the flame-retardant liquid with low viscosity and high density and good compatibility with the structural part is diiodomethane or Su Shen-Luo Erba liquid.
Further, the number of the first throttling holes 2 is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material 7 adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the first throttling holes 2 is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of the quasi-fluid particles; the upper hole edge of the first throttling hole 2 is flush with the bottom surface of the explosion-proof body 6.
Further, the number of the second orifices 3 is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material 7 adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the second orifices 3 is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of quasi-fluid particles; the second orifice 3 is located between the first orifice 2 and the flange of the throttle body 4.
Further, the number of the third orifices 8 is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material 7 adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the third orifices 8 is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of quasi-fluid particles, so as to connect the annular cavity and the bottom through gap.
The invention relates to a working process of an explosion-proof mechanism for a rotary bullet, which is as follows:
in the assembled state, as shown in fig. 1, no matter how the fuze is placed, quasi-fluid (such as solid spherical particles including micro-diameter glass beads, ceramic beads, plastic balls and steel balls) or liquid (such as low-viscosity, high-density and flame-retardant liquid with good compatibility with structural components including triiodomethane and Su Shen-Luo Erba liquid) with the diameter between 0.10mm and 0.60mm flows into the central explosion-transmitting channel and the bottom through gap of the explosion-transmitting and energy-gathering jet flow through the throttle hole under the action of gravity, so that the fuze explosion-transmitting medicine is in an explosion-resisting, namely isolation state, and safety is ensured. Wherein the energy-gathering detonating tube 5 and the detonating tube 9 are structurally sealed. The structural material has good compatibility with liquid.
As shown in fig. 2, in the normal use condition, when the fuze rotates and the rotation speed reaches a certain degree, under the action of centrifugal force, the flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid flows into the annular cavity outside the throttle body 6 from the central channel through the throttle hole, at this time, the central explosion-conducting channel inside the flame-conducting channel, namely the cylindrical cavity, is emptied, the corresponding bottom through gap is also opened, the energy-gathering jet central explosion-conducting channel is opened, and the normal explosion-conducting of the explosion-conducting tube by the explosion-conducting tube is not hindered. The flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid flows out of the first orifice 2, the second orifice 3 and the third orifice 8 with time delay, and the delay relief function of the fuze can be realized in a complementary manner. The jet formed after the detonating tube 5 is detonated passes through the central detonating channel of the energy-gathering jet to detonate the detonating tube 9, and the detonating tube 9 in turn detonates the projectile or warhead charge.
As shown in fig. 3, if the fuze fails to function normally, after unexpected blind fire, there is no centrifugal force due to no rotation speed, under the action of gravity, the flame retardant quasi fluid or liquid flows into the central explosion propagation channel of the energy gathering jet and the bottom through gap from outside to inside from the first orifice 2, the second orifice 3 and the third orifice 8, the central explosion propagation channel of the energy gathering jet between the detonating tube and the detonating tube formed under the normal flight state of the projectile is closed (blocked), at this time, the formed non-detonated bomb is safe, even if the detonating tube 5 explodes accidentally due to the unexpected firing of the sensitive explosive element in the explosion propagation sequence such as the detonator in the state to be fired, the detonating tube 9 is not detonated, and the detonating tube and the subsequent fighter part are safe, namely, the explosive handling is safe. The inflow of flame retardant quasi fluid or liquid from the first orifice 2, the second orifice 3 and the third orifice 8 is also time delayed, so the invention is applicable not only to flash fuses and explosion fuses, but also to delay fuses, short delay fuses or self-regulating delay fuses. For non-rotating projectiles, the tail structure cannot be absolutely symmetrical in engineering, and therefore there is also a weak rotation, and in principle the same effect.
The insensitive ammunition is to ensure that the degree of reaction and collateral damage to a launching platform, a logistics system and personnel are minimized when external attacks are suffered under the premise of meeting the specified performance requirements. The insensitive fuses are used as a part of the composition of the insensitive ammunition, and also meet the requirement of the insensitive characteristic of the ammunition. The explosion-proof mechanism can meet the requirement of insensitivity to fuze. In the service processing state such as stock, if ammunition and fuze are subjected to accidental attack such as fragment striking, bullet shooting, jet impact, high-temperature baking and the like, even if the detonating tube is accidentally detonated and exploded, the detonating tube is not detonated, and the warhead is not detonated.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Explosion-proof mechanism applied to rotary bullet fuze is characterized in that: is additionally arranged before a detonator explosion-propagating sequence explosion-propagating tube (9), meanwhile, an energy-gathering detonating tube (5) is additionally arranged behind the detonator in the detonator explosion-spreading sequence, or the original detonating tube is changed into the energy-gathering detonating tube (5); the explosion-proof mechanism comprises a throttle body (4), an explosion-proof body (6) and an explosion-proof object (7), wherein the explosion-proof object (7) has fluidity, the explosion-proof body (6) is formed by coaxially combining a first revolving body and a second revolving body, the diameter of the first revolving body is larger than that of the second revolving body, the outer side wall of the first revolving body is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fuze body (1), a blind hole is upwards arranged from the center of the bottom surface of the second revolving body and extends into the first revolving body, and the energy-collecting detonating tube (5) is arranged in the blind hole; the throttle body (4) is cylindrical, a circle of flange is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the cylinder, the circumferential outer wall of the flange is in contact with the inner wall of the fuze body (1), and the top of the cylinder of the throttle body (4) is inserted into a blind hole of the explosion-proof body (6); the shell of the detonating tube (9) props against the bottom surface of the flange of the throttle body (4), and a bottom clearance is reserved between the input end of the detonating tube (9) and the bottom surface of the throttle body (4); an annular cavity is formed among the throttle body (4), the explosion-proof body (6) and the inner wall of the fuze body (1); the cylinder center of the throttle body (4) is an explosion propagation channel; the throttle body (4) is also provided with a plurality of first throttle holes (2), a plurality of second throttle holes (3) and a plurality of third throttle holes (8), the plurality of third throttle holes (8) are uniformly and symmetrically distributed on the flange around the cylinder, the plurality of first throttle holes (2) are uniformly and alternately distributed on the cylinder along the circumferential direction, the plurality of second throttle holes (3) are uniformly and alternately distributed on the cylinder along the circumferential direction, and the first throttle holes (2) are positioned above the second throttle holes (3); the explosion-proof material (7) is filled in the central explosion-conducting channel, the annular cavity and the bottom through gap, but the explosion-proof material (7) is not fully filled in the central explosion-conducting channel and the annular cavity, the annular cavity is just filled with the explosion-proof material when the projectile rotates, and the central explosion-conducting channel is left empty at the moment.
2. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 1, wherein: the explosion-proof material (7) adopts flame-retardant quasi-fluid or liquid.
3. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 2, wherein: when the explosion-proof material (7) adopts quasi-fluid, the bottom through gap is not smaller than 4 times of the maximum particle diameter of the quasi-fluid.
4. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 3, wherein: the quasi-fluid adopts micro-diameter spherical beads with the diameter of between 0.10mm and 0.60 mm.
5. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 3, wherein: the quasi-fluid adopts high-strength glass beads with Mohs hardness higher than 6.
6. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 3, wherein: the number of the first throttling holes (2) is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof object (7) adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the first throttling holes (2) is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of the quasi-fluid particles; the upper hole edge of the first throttling hole (2) is flush with the bottom surface of the explosion-proof body (6).
7. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 3, wherein: the number of the second orifices (3) is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material (7) adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the second orifices (3) is more than 3.2 times of the maximum diameter of quasi-fluid particles; the second orifice (3) is located between the first orifice (2) and the flange of the throttle body (4).
8. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 3, wherein: the number of the third orifices (8) is 3-10, and when the explosion-proof material (7) adopts quasi-fluid, the diameter of the third orifices (8) is 3.2 times larger than the maximum diameter of quasi-fluid particles, and the third orifices are used for connecting the annular cavity and the bottom through gap.
9. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 2, wherein: when the explosion-proof material (7) adopts liquid, the liquid is flame-retardant liquid with low viscosity, high density and good compatibility with structural members.
10. The explosion suppression mechanism for a rotary bullet fuze of claim 9, wherein: the flame-retardant liquid with low viscosity, high density and good compatibility with the structural part is diiodomethane or Su Shen-Luo Erba liquid.
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| CN202110775016.XA CN113932665B (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Explosion-proof mechanism of rotary bullet fuze |
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| CN202110775016.XA CN113932665B (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2021-07-08 | Explosion-proof mechanism of rotary bullet fuze |
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| CN113932665B true CN113932665B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3425354A (en) * | 1967-10-30 | 1969-02-04 | Honeywell Inc | Centrifugally armed fuze |
| US4037517A (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1977-07-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fuze activation device |
| US4223608A (en) * | 1977-08-06 | 1980-09-23 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Safety device for percussion-fuse of rifled missiles |
| US4426932A (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1984-01-24 | Thiokol Corporation | Contact fuze for mine munitions |
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| CN110972550B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-09-07 | 辽宁华兴机电有限公司 | Fuse quasi-fluid safety system |
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2021
- 2021-07-08 CN CN202110775016.XA patent/CN113932665B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3425354A (en) * | 1967-10-30 | 1969-02-04 | Honeywell Inc | Centrifugally armed fuze |
| US4037517A (en) * | 1976-09-24 | 1977-07-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Fuze activation device |
| US4223608A (en) * | 1977-08-06 | 1980-09-23 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | Safety device for percussion-fuse of rifled missiles |
| US4426932A (en) * | 1981-11-05 | 1984-01-24 | Thiokol Corporation | Contact fuze for mine munitions |
| US4658726A (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1987-04-21 | Messerschmitt-Bolkow-Blohm Gmbh | Fuze for setting off jacketed explosive charges |
| CN110972550B (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2016-09-07 | 辽宁华兴机电有限公司 | Fuse quasi-fluid safety system |
| CN109405676A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-03-01 | 南京理工大学 | Hail mitigation with centrifugation self-destroying function increases rain bullet time ignition fuse |
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| 王晓霞等.双行程后坐-准流体延期保险机构.探测与控制学报.2021,第43卷(第43期),第30-35页. * |
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