CN113074593B - Energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic - Google Patents
Energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN113074593B CN113074593B CN202110363072.2A CN202110363072A CN113074593B CN 113074593 B CN113074593 B CN 113074593B CN 202110363072 A CN202110363072 A CN 202110363072A CN 113074593 B CN113074593 B CN 113074593B
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- detonator
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- tube shell
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KHZAWAWPXXNLGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Bi].[Pb].[Sn] Chemical compound [Bi].[Pb].[Sn] KHZAWAWPXXNLGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristics, which comprises a tube shell, an initiating explosive, an explosive and a liner. The detonator adopts a shaped charge structure, and has high axial detonation power during normal detonation, so that accurate axial detonation can be realized. Because of the existence of the energy-gathering recess, the total dosage of the detonator is relatively reduced, and the detonator is beneficial to realizing the explosion-proof safety requirement. The detonator liner is made of low-melting-point metal, and when the detonator liner is affected by unexpected environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and broken piece striking, the liner can be structurally damaged, so that the accurate detonating capability of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the next-stage explosive element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the insensitivity of the fuze.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive devices, and particularly relates to an energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristics.
Background
The insensitive fuze technology is mainly used for fuzes with urgent requirements on insensitive characteristics, such as bomb fuzes, carrier-based ammunition fuzes and the like, and is used for preventing the fuzes from detonating the next-stage charge when being affected by unexpected environments, such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, thereby causing serious personal and property losses. When the insensitive fuze is affected by unexpected environment, the power generated by the charging reaction is greatly reduced compared with the power generated by normal detonation, even the insensitive fuze does not react, and the safety of a weapon system can be greatly improved.
When the detonator in the existing non-insensitive detonator dislocation explosion-propagation sequence is affected by extreme environment such as fire and the like, the charge in the detonator is thermally decomposed. The initial thermal decomposition gas product is subjected to pressure accumulation under the constraint of the detonator shell, and when the powder charge in the detonator reaches the ignition temperature, the powder charge rapidly completes combustion to detonation under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The power generated by the reaction is equivalent to that during normal detonation, and the explosion-proof safety of the fuze can be directly threatened. When the detonator is affected by extreme environments such as gunshot and broken piece striking, the explosive in the detonator is easy to be directly detonated under the impact influence, the power generated by the reaction is equivalent to that during normal detonating, and the explosion-proof safety of the detonator is also directly threatened.
The existing non-insensitive fuze has the risk of causing accidental explosion of ammunition when suffering from the extreme environmental influence, even has the risk of causing a series of chain reactions by the peripheral ammunition of the sympathetic explosion, and seriously threatens the safety of weapon systems, carrying platforms and fighters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristics, which solves the problem that the detonator detonates a next-stage explosive element or charges when affected by unexpected environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an energy-accumulating detonator with insensitive characteristics comprises a tube shell, an initiating explosive, a primer, an explosive and a liner, wherein the tube shell is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed to serve as an input end, and the other end of the tube shell is open to serve as an output end. The initiating explosive, the high explosive and the shaped charge liner are sequentially filled in the shell, the initiating explosive is positioned at the input end, and the high explosive forms an energy-gathering pit under the constraint of the shaped charge liner and is covered by the shaped charge liner; the output end of the tube shell is closed after the explosive column and the shaped charge liner are pressed.
The detonator provided by the invention adopts the shaped charge structure, and has high axial detonation power during normal detonation, so that accurate axial detonation can be realized. Because of the existence of the energy-gathering recess, the total dosage of the detonator is relatively reduced, and the detonator is beneficial to realizing the explosion-proof safety requirement. The detonator liner is made of low-melting point metal, and when the detonator liner is affected by unexpected environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and broken piece striking, the liner can be structurally damaged, so that the accurate detonating capability of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the next-stage explosion element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the insensitivity of the fuze.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the detonator provided by the invention is affected by unexpected environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, the liner can be structurally damaged, so that the accurate detonating capability of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the problem that the detonator detonates the next-stage explosive element or charges when affected by the unexpected environments can be solved by virtue of the insensitive characteristic realized by the structural design of the detonator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an energy accumulating detonator (needle detonator) having insensitive characteristics of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an energy concentrating detonator (flame detonator) having insensitive characteristics of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The detonator is used as the most sensitive detonating element in the detonator explosion-spreading sequence, and the charging of the detonator cannot be desensitized simply by replacing insensitive explosive due to the limitation of the function requirement, so that the insensitive characteristic can be realized only from the viewpoint of structural improvement.
Referring to fig. 1, the energy-gathering detonator (acupuncture detonator) with insensitive characteristics comprises a tube shell 1, an acupuncture powder 2, an initiating explosive 3, an explosive 4 and a liner 5, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell 1 is closed to serve as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open to serve as an output end, and a groove is formed in the center of the inner wall of the input end of the tube shell 1 to form an acupuncture surface, so that the thickness of the acupuncture surface of the input end is thinner, and the ignition difficulty of the acupuncture is reduced. The acupuncture medicine 2 is filled into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and flattened; the initiating explosive 3 is filled into the tube shell 1 and flattened after the acupuncture explosive 2 is pressed; the explosive 4 and the liner 5 are sequentially filled into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the liner 5 faces the output end and is pressed together with the explosive 4, and the explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering recess under the constraint of the liner 5 and is covered by the liner 5; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the high explosive 4 and the liner 5 are pressed, wherein the needle punched explosive 2 and the initiating explosive 3 form a grain together.
The liner 5 may take the shape of a typical energy-collecting liner such as a cone liner, a hemispherical liner or a dish-shaped liner, and is made of a low melting point metal. The low-melting point metal is also called fusible metal, and refers to an alloy with a melting point lower than the boiling point of water, for example, a certain bismuth-lead-tin alloy (Bi 56%, pb22%, sn 22%) has a melting point of 95 ℃. Lead and lead-antimony alloys having physical properties close to those of the above-mentioned fusible metals have been widely used as a material for a liner in a cutting cord, and thus fusible alloys are also possible as a liner material for a detonator. When subjected to unexpected environments such as high temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, the liner can be structurally destroyed, so that the power of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the next-stage explosive element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the insensitivity of the fuze.
The invention combines the energy-gathering charging technology and the pressure relief desensitizing technology, on one hand, the shaped charge cover made of low-melting metal melts at high temperature to destroy the energy-gathering charging structure, so that the power of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and on the other hand, the energy-gathering recess in the energy-gathering charging structure provides a relief space for gas products generated by decomposing the detonator charging at high temperature, and the energy-gathering recess and the pressure relief desensitizing technology complement each other, so that the structure is insensitive.
Referring to fig. 2, the energy-gathering detonator (flame detonator) with insensitive characteristics comprises a tube shell 1, an ignition powder 2, an initiating powder 3, an explosive 4, a liner 5 and a silk pad 6, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell 1 is closed and the other end is opened and used as an output end, a fire transmission hole is formed in the center of the input end of the tube shell 1, the ignition powder 2, the initiating powder 3 and the explosive 4 form a grain, and the inner side of the input end is firstly placed in the silk pad 6 before powder pressing to cover the powder surface of the input end of the grain. The ignition powder 2 is filled into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and flattened; the primary explosive 3 is filled into the tube shell 1 and flattened after the ignition charge 2 is pressed; the explosive 4 and the liner 5 are sequentially filled into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the liner 5 faces the output end and is pressed together with the explosive 4, and the explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering recess under the constraint of the liner 5 and is covered by the liner 5; and the high explosive 4 and the liner 5 at the output end of the tube shell 1 are closed after being pressed. The liner 5 may take the shape of a typical energy-collecting liner such as a cone liner, a hemispherical liner or a dish-shaped liner, and is made of a low melting point metal.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the energy-gathering detonator (acupuncture detonator) with insensitive characteristics comprises a tube shell 1, an acupuncture powder 2, an initiating explosive 3, an explosive 4 and a liner 5, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell 1 is closed to serve as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open to serve as an output end, and a groove is formed in the center of the inner wall of the input end of the tube shell 1 to form an acupuncture surface, so that the thickness of the acupuncture surface of the input end is thinner, and the ignition difficulty of the acupuncture is reduced; the acupuncture medicine 2 is filled into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and flattened; the initiating explosive 3 is filled into the tube shell 1 and flattened after the acupuncture explosive 2 is pressed; the explosive 4 and the liner 5 are sequentially filled into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the liner 5 faces the output end and is pressed together with the explosive 4, and the explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering recess under the constraint of the liner 5 and is covered by the liner 5; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the high explosive 4 and the liner 5 are pressed.
During normal detonation, the detonator adopts the energy-gathering charging structure, so that the axial detonation power is more concentrated under the influence of the energy-gathering effect, and the axial accurate detonation is realized. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the energy-gathering concave, the total explosive quantity of the detonator is relatively reduced, the power of the detonator in the circumferential direction is inevitably reduced, and the detonator is beneficial to realizing the explosion-proof safety requirement.
The detonator liner adopts a conical cover and is made of low-melting-point metal. The low-melting point metal is also called fusible metal, and refers to an alloy with a melting point lower than the boiling point of water, for example, a certain bismuth-lead-tin alloy (Bi 56%, pb22%, sn 22%) has a melting point of 95 ℃. Lead and lead-antimony alloys having physical properties close to those of the above-mentioned fusible metals have been widely used as materials for cutting wire liners, and thus fusible alloys are also possible as liner materials for detonators. When affected by unexpected thermal environment such as high temperature baking, the liner material will melt before the detonator reaches the ignition temperature, resulting in structural damage to the liner, and the output end of the detonator will be greatly reduced or even lost due to loss of structural constraint, so that the next-stage explosive element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the heat insensitivity of the fuze.
When the detonator is impacted by accidental impact environment such as gunshot and fragment impact, the detonator adopts a shaped charge structure, and the energy accumulation effect is sensitive to the ignition position, when the impact source hits the detonator, the energy accumulation structure of the detonator is destroyed, and the detonation power can not be concentrated in the axial direction any more, so that the power of the output end of the detonator is greatly reduced or even lost, and the next-stage explosive element or charge can not be detonated. The next stage explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the impact insensitivity of the fuze.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the energy-gathering detonator (flame detonator) with insensitive characteristics comprises a tube shell 1, an ignition powder 2, an initiating powder 3, an explosive 4, a liner 5 and a silk pad 6, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell 1 is closed and the other end is opened and used as an output end, a fire transmission hole is formed in the center of the input end of the tube shell 1, the ignition powder 2, the initiating powder 3 and the explosive 4 form a grain, and the inner side of the input end is firstly placed in the silk pad 6 before powder pressing to cover the powder surface of the input end of the grain. The ignition powder 2 is filled into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and flattened; the primary explosive 3 is filled into the tube shell 1 and flattened after the ignition charge 2 is pressed; the explosive 4 and the liner 5 are sequentially filled into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the liner 5 faces the output end and is pressed together with the explosive 4, and the explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering recess under the constraint of the liner 5 and is covered by the liner 5; and the high explosive 4 and the liner 5 at the output end of the tube shell 1 are closed after being pressed.
During normal detonation, the detonator adopts the energy-gathering charging structure, so that the axial detonation power is more concentrated under the influence of the energy-gathering effect, and the axial accurate detonation is realized. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the energy-gathering concave, the total explosive quantity of the detonator is relatively reduced, the power of the detonator in the circumferential direction is inevitably reduced, and the detonator is beneficial to realizing the explosion-proof safety requirement.
The liner 5 is a conical liner made of low-melting point metal. When affected by unexpected thermal environment such as high temperature baking, the liner material will melt before the detonator reaches the ignition temperature, resulting in structural damage to the liner, and the output end of the detonator will be greatly reduced or even lost due to loss of structural constraint, so that the next-stage explosive element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the heat insensitivity of the fuze.
When the detonator is impacted by accidental impact environment such as gunshot and fragment impact, the detonator adopts a shaped charge structure, and the energy accumulation effect is sensitive to the ignition position, when the impact source hits the detonator, the energy accumulation structure of the detonator is destroyed, and the detonation power can not be concentrated in the axial direction any more, so that the power of the output end of the detonator is greatly reduced or even lost, and the next-stage explosive element or charge can not be detonated. The next stage explosive element or charge does not react or only burns, thereby realizing the impact insensitivity of the fuze.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and that no limitations are intended to the scope of the invention, except insofar as modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristics comprises a tube shell (1), an initiating explosive (2), an initiating explosive (3) and an explosive (4), wherein the tube shell (1) is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed to serve as an input end, and the other end of the tube shell is open to serve as an output end; the method is characterized in that: also comprises a liner (5); the initiating explosive (2), the initiating explosive (3), the high explosive (4) and the liner (5) are sequentially filled in the tube shell (1), the initiating explosive (2) is positioned at the input end, and the high explosive (4) forms an energy-gathering pit under the constraint of the liner (5) and is covered by the liner (5); the output end of the tube shell (1) is closed after the explosive column and the shaped charge liner (5) are pressed;
the shaped charge liner (5) adopts a conical liner, a hemispherical liner or a dish-shaped liner and is made of low-melting-point metal.
2. The energy concentrating detonator with insensitive characteristics of claim 1 wherein: when the detonator is used as a needling detonator, the center of the inner wall of the input end of the tube shell (1) is provided with a groove to form a needling surface, so that the thickness of the needling surface of the input end is thinner, and the needling ignition difficulty is reduced.
3. The energy concentrating detonator with insensitive characteristics of claim 2 wherein: when the detonator is needled, the initiating explosive (2) is needled.
4. The energy concentrating detonator with insensitive characteristics of claim 1 wherein: when the flame detonator is used as a flame detonator, the center of the input end of the tube shell (1) is provided with a fire transmission hole, and the inner side of the input end is firstly placed with a silk pad (6) before powder pressing to cover the powder surface of the powder column input end.
5. The energy concentrating detonator of claim 4 having a non-sensitive characteristic, wherein: when the flame detonator is used, the starting powder (2) adopts ignition powder.
6. The energy concentrating detonator with insensitive character of any one of claims 1-5 wherein: the originating medicine (2) is filled into the tube shell (1) from the output end of the tube shell (1) and flattened; the initiating explosive (3) is filled into the tube shell (1) and flattened after the initiating explosive (2) is pressed; the explosive (4) and the liner (5) are sequentially filled into the tube shell (1) after the primary explosive (3) is pressed, and the opening of the liner (5) is placed towards the output end and is pressed together with the explosive (4).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110363072.2A CN113074593B (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | Energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic |
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| CN202110363072.2A CN113074593B (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2021-04-02 | Energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic |
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| CN113074593B true CN113074593B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113551568B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-12-13 | 南京理工大学 | Coil spring type self-failure mechanism applied to high spinning cartridge fuse |
| CN114560747A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Fuse small-sized energy-gathering output detonator adopting single charge |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2478071Y (en) * | 2001-01-21 | 2002-02-20 | 国营九三九四厂 | Novel acupuncture delay detonator |
| CN2673862Y (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-01-26 | 沈阳工业学院 | Two direction flame detonator |
| CN104649853A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 湖北卫东化工股份有限公司 | Safe detonator |
| CN109556468A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of heavy caliber smooth bore explosive projectiles bullet contact fuze |
| CN111928738A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-13 | 南京理工大学 | Composite warhead device with adjustable damage power for killing broken armor |
-
2021
- 2021-04-02 CN CN202110363072.2A patent/CN113074593B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2478071Y (en) * | 2001-01-21 | 2002-02-20 | 国营九三九四厂 | Novel acupuncture delay detonator |
| CN2673862Y (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-01-26 | 沈阳工业学院 | Two direction flame detonator |
| CN104649853A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 湖北卫东化工股份有限公司 | Safe detonator |
| CN109556468A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of heavy caliber smooth bore explosive projectiles bullet contact fuze |
| CN111928738A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-13 | 南京理工大学 | Composite warhead device with adjustable damage power for killing broken armor |
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