CN113074593A - Energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic - Google Patents
Energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN113074593A CN113074593A CN202110363072.2A CN202110363072A CN113074593A CN 113074593 A CN113074593 A CN 113074593A CN 202110363072 A CN202110363072 A CN 202110363072A CN 113074593 A CN113074593 A CN 113074593A
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000001467 acupuncture Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KHZAWAWPXXNLGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Bi].[Pb].[Sn] Chemical compound [Bi].[Pb].[Sn] KHZAWAWPXXNLGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000743 fusible alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002889 sympathetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
- F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-gathered detonator with insensitive characteristic, which comprises a pipe shell, an initiating explosive, a primary explosive, a high explosive and a shaped charge liner. The detonator adopts an energy-gathering charge structure, so that the axial detonation power is high during normal detonation action, and the axial accurate detonation can be realized. Due to the existence of the energy-gathering pits, the total explosive quantity of the detonator is relatively reduced, and the explosion-proof safety requirement of the fuze is favorably realized. The detonator shaped charge cover is made of low-melting-point metal, and when the detonator shaped charge cover is influenced by accidental environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, the detonator shaped charge cover can be structurally damaged, so that the accurate initiation capability of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the next-stage explosive element cannot be detonated or charged. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the insensitive nature of the fuze.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive devices, and particularly relates to an energy-gathered detonator with an insensitive characteristic.
Background
The insensitive fuze technology is mainly used for fuzes with urgent requirements on insensitive characteristics, such as aviation and shipboard ammunition fuzes and the like, and is used for preventing the fuzes from detonating next-level explosive charge to cause serious personal and property loss when being influenced by accidental environments, such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking. When the insensitive fuse is influenced by an unexpected environment, the power generated by the charging reaction of the insensitive fuse is greatly reduced compared with the power generated by normal initiation, even no reaction occurs, and the safety of a weapon system can be greatly improved.
When the detonator in the prior non-insensitive fuse dislocation booster sequence is influenced by the extreme environment of high-temperature baking such as fire and the like, the explosive in the detonator can be thermally decomposed. The thermal decomposition gas product at the initial stage is subjected to pressure accumulation under the restraint of the detonator shell, and when the explosive in the detonator reaches the ignition temperature, the explosive is rapidly combusted to detonation under the high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The power generated by the reaction is equivalent to that during normal detonation, and the explosion-proof safety of the fuze can be directly threatened. When the detonator is affected by extreme environments such as gunshot, fragment striking and the like, the explosive in the detonator is easily affected by impact and directly detonates, the power generated by reaction is equivalent to the power generated during normal detonation, and the explosion-proof safety of the detonator is directly threatened.
Existing non-insensitive fuzes all have the risk of causing an accidental explosion of ammunition when suffering from the above extreme environmental impact, and even have the risk of causing a series of chain reactions by adjacent ammunition around the sympathetic explosion, seriously threatening the safety of weapon systems, carrying platforms and fighters.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-gathered detonator with insensitive characteristic, which solves the problem that the detonator detonates the next-stage explosive element or charges when influenced by accidental environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the shaped detonator with insensitive characteristic comprises a cylindrical pipe shell, an initiating explosive, a high explosive and a shaped charge cover, wherein one end of the pipe shell is closed and serves as an input end, and the other end of the pipe shell is opened and serves as an output end. The initiating explosive, the high explosive and the shaped charge liner are sequentially filled in the tube shell, the initiating explosive is positioned at the input end, and the high explosive forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the shaped charge liner and is coated by the shaped charge liner; the output end of the tube shell is closed after the powder column and the shaped charge liner are pressed.
The detonator disclosed by the invention adopts an energy-gathering charge structure, and has large axial detonation power during normal detonation action, so that the axial accurate detonation can be realized. Due to the existence of the energy-gathering pits, the total explosive quantity of the detonator is relatively reduced, and the explosion-proof safety requirement of the fuze is favorably realized. The detonator shaped charge cover is made of low-melting-point metal, and when the detonator shaped charge cover is influenced by accidental environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, the detonator shaped charge cover can be structurally damaged, so that the accurate initiation capability of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the next-stage explosive element cannot be detonated or charged. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the insensitive nature of the fuze.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when the detonator disclosed by the invention is influenced by an unexpected environment such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, the shaped charge liner can be structurally damaged, so that the accurate initiation capability of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the problem of detonating the next-stage explosive element or charging the detonator under the influence of the unexpected environment can be solved only by virtue of the insensitive characteristic realized by the structural design of the detonator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the shaped charge (needle detonator) of the present invention with insensitive nature.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the shaped charge (flame detonator) with insensitivity property of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The detonator is used as the most sensitive detonating element in a fuse transfer explosion sequence, and due to the limitation of functional requirements, the charging of the detonator cannot be desensitized simply by replacing insensitive explosives, but only can realize the insensitive characteristic from the perspective of structural improvement.
With reference to fig. 1, the energy-gathering detonator (acupuncture detonator) with insensitivity comprises a tube shell 1, acupuncture powder 2, initiating powder 3, high explosive 4 and a shaped charge cover 5, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed and serves as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open and serves as an output end, a groove is formed in the center of the inner wall of the input end of the tube shell 1 to form an acupuncture surface, so that the thickness of the acupuncture surface of the input end is small, and the difficulty of acupuncture ignition is reduced. The acupuncture medicine 2 is loaded into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and is pressed flat; the primary explosive 3 is put into the tube shell 1 and flattened after the pressing of the acupuncture explosive 2 is finished; the high explosive 4 and the shaped charge liner 5 are sequentially loaded into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the shaped charge liner 5 faces to the output end and is pressed together with the high explosive 4, and the high explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the shaped charge liner 5 and is coated by the shaped charge liner 5; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the high explosive 4 and the shaped charge cover 5 are pressed, wherein the acupuncture explosive 2 and the initiating explosive 3 form a explosive column together with the high explosive 4.
The liner 5 can be in the shape of a conical, hemispherical or dished liner, and is made of low melting point metal. The low melting point metal is also called fusible metal, and refers to an alloy having a melting point lower than the boiling point of water, such as a bismuth-lead-tin alloy (Bi 56%, Pb22%, Sn 22%) having a melting point of 95 ℃. Lead and lead-antimony alloys having physical properties close to those of the above fusible metals have been widely used as the material of the liner in the cutting cord, and thus the use of the fusible alloys as the liner material of the detonator is also feasible. When the explosive cover is subjected to the influence of accidental environments such as high-temperature baking, gunshot and fragment striking, the explosive cover can be structurally damaged, so that the power of the detonator is lost or greatly reduced, and the next-stage explosive element or explosive cannot be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the insensitive nature of the fuze.
The invention has the technical points that the energy-gathering charge technology is combined with the pressure-releasing and sensitivity-reducing technology, on one hand, a charge type cover made of low-melting-point metal is melted at high temperature to damage an energy-gathering charge structure, so that the power of a detonator is lost or greatly reduced, on the other hand, an energy-gathering recess in the energy-gathering charge structure provides a discharge space for a gas product generated by the decomposition of the detonator charge at high temperature, and the two supplement each other to realize the structural insensitivity.
With reference to fig. 2, the energy-gathering detonator (flame detonator) with insensitivity comprises a tube shell 1, an ignition powder 2, an initiating explosive 3, a high explosive 4, a powder cover 5 and a silk pad 6, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed and serves as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open and serves as an output end, a fire transfer hole is formed in the center of the input end of the tube shell 1, the ignition powder 2, the initiating explosive 3 and the high explosive 4 form a powder column, and the silk pad 6 is placed in the inner side of the input end before powder pressing so as to cover the powder surface of the input end of the. The ignition powder 2 is filled into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and is pressed flatly; the initiating explosive 3 is pressed by the igniting powder 2 and then is filled into the tube shell 1 and is pressed to be flat; the high explosive 4 and the shaped charge liner 5 are sequentially loaded into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the shaped charge liner 5 faces to the output end and is pressed together with the high explosive 4, and the high explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the shaped charge liner 5 and is coated by the shaped charge liner 5; the high explosive 4 at the output end of the tube shell 1 and the shaped charge liner 5 are closed after being pressed. The liner 5 can be in the shape of a conical, hemispherical or dished liner, and is made of low melting point metal.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1, the energy-gathering detonator (acupuncture detonator) with insensitive characteristic of the invention comprises a tube shell 1, an acupuncture explosive 2, a primary explosive 3, a high explosive 4 and a shaped charge cover 5, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed and serves as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open and serves as an output end, a groove is formed in the center of the inner wall of the input end of the tube shell 1 to form an acupuncture surface, so that the thickness of the acupuncture surface of the input end is relatively thin, and the difficulty of acupuncture ignition is reduced; the acupuncture medicine 2 is loaded into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and is pressed flat; the primary explosive 3 is put into the tube shell 1 and flattened after the pressing of the acupuncture explosive 2 is finished; the high explosive 4 and the shaped charge liner 5 are sequentially loaded into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the shaped charge liner 5 faces to the output end and is pressed together with the high explosive 4, and the high explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the shaped charge liner 5 and is coated by the shaped charge liner 5; the output end of the tube shell 1 is closed after the high explosive 4 and the shaped charge liner 5 are pressed.
When in normal initiation, the detonator adopts an energy-gathering charge structure, so that the axial initiation power is more concentrated under the influence of an energy-gathering effect, and the axial accurate initiation is realized. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the energy-gathering pits, the total explosive quantity of the detonator is relatively reduced, the power of the detonator in the circumferential direction is necessarily reduced, and the explosion-proof safety requirement of the fuze is favorably realized.
The detonator charge type cover adopts a conical cover and is made of low-melting-point metal. The low melting point metal is also called fusible metal, and refers to an alloy having a melting point lower than the boiling point of water, such as a bismuth-lead-tin alloy (Bi 56%, Pb22%, Sn 22%) having a melting point of 95 ℃. Lead and lead-antimony alloys having physical properties close to those of the above fusible metals have been widely used as the material for the cutting wire liner, and thus the use of fusible alloys as the liner material for the detonator is also feasible. When the detonator is affected by unexpected thermal environment such as high-temperature baking, the liner material is melted before the detonator charge reaches the ignition temperature, so that the liner is structurally damaged, the power of the detonator output end is greatly reduced or even lost due to the loss of structural constraint, and the next-stage explosive element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the thermal insensitivity characteristic of the fuse.
When the detonator is influenced by accidental impact environments such as gunshot and fragment striking, because the detonator adopts an energy-accumulating and charging structure and the energy-accumulating effect is sensitive to the ignition position, when an impact source hits the detonator, the energy-accumulating structure of the detonator is damaged, and the detonating power can not be concentrated on the axial direction any more, so that the power of the output end of the detonator is greatly reduced or even lost, and the next-stage explosive element or charge can not be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the shock insensitivity characteristic of the fuse.
Example 2
With reference to fig. 2, the energy-gathering detonator (flame detonator) with insensitivity comprises a tube shell 1, an ignition powder 2, an initiating explosive 3, a high explosive 4, a powder cover 5 and a silk pad 6, wherein the tube shell 1 is cylindrical, one end of the tube shell is closed and serves as an input end, the other end of the tube shell is open and serves as an output end, a fire transfer hole is formed in the center of the input end of the tube shell 1, the ignition powder 2, the initiating explosive 3 and the high explosive 4 form a powder column, and the silk pad 6 is placed in the inner side of the input end before powder pressing so as to cover the powder surface of the input end of the. The ignition powder 2 is filled into the tube shell 1 from the output end of the tube shell 1 and is pressed flatly; the initiating explosive 3 is pressed by the igniting powder 2 and then is filled into the tube shell 1 and is pressed to be flat; the high explosive 4 and the shaped charge liner 5 are sequentially loaded into the tube shell 1 after the primary explosive 3 is pressed, the opening of the shaped charge liner 5 faces to the output end and is pressed together with the high explosive 4, and the high explosive 4 forms an energy-gathering socket under the constraint of the shaped charge liner 5 and is coated by the shaped charge liner 5; the high explosive 4 at the output end of the tube shell 1 and the shaped charge liner 5 are closed after being pressed.
When in normal initiation, the detonator adopts an energy-gathering charge structure, so that the axial initiation power is more concentrated under the influence of an energy-gathering effect, and the axial accurate initiation is realized. Meanwhile, due to the existence of the energy-gathering pits, the total explosive quantity of the detonator is relatively reduced, the power of the detonator in the circumferential direction is necessarily reduced, and the explosion-proof safety requirement of the fuze is favorably realized.
The liner 5 is a conical liner made of low melting point metal. When the detonator is affected by unexpected thermal environment such as high-temperature baking, the liner material is melted before the detonator charge reaches the ignition temperature, so that the liner is structurally damaged, the power of the detonator output end is greatly reduced or even lost due to the loss of structural constraint, and the next-stage explosive element or charge cannot be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the thermal insensitivity characteristic of the fuse.
When the detonator is influenced by accidental impact environments such as gunshot and fragment striking, because the detonator adopts an energy-accumulating and charging structure and the energy-accumulating effect is sensitive to the ignition position, when an impact source hits the detonator, the energy-accumulating structure of the detonator is damaged, and the detonating power can not be concentrated on the axial direction any more, so that the power of the output end of the detonator is greatly reduced or even lost, and the next-stage explosive element or charge can not be detonated. The next stage of explosive element or charge does not react or only undergoes a combustion reaction, thereby achieving the shock insensitivity characteristic of the fuse.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An energy-gathering detonator with insensitive characteristic comprises a pipe shell (1), an initiating explosive (2), a primary explosive (3) and a high explosive (4), wherein the pipe shell (1) is cylindrical, one end of the pipe shell is closed to be used as an input end, and the other end of the pipe shell is opened to be used as an output end; the method is characterized in that: also comprises a liner (5); an initiating explosive (2), a primary explosive (3), a high explosive (4) and a shaped charge liner (5) are sequentially filled in a tube shell (1), the initiating explosive (2) is positioned at an input end, and the high explosive (4) forms an energy-gathering recess under the constraint of the shaped charge liner (5) and is coated by the shaped charge liner (5); the output end of the tube shell (1) is closed after the powder column and the shaped charge liner (5) are pressed.
2. The shaped charge detonator of claim 1 having insensitivity to stress induced stresses, wherein: the detonator shaped charge liner (5) is in a typical energy-gathering shaped charge liner shape and is made of low-melting-point metal.
3. The shaped charge detonator of claim 2 having insensitivity to stress induced stresses, wherein: when the shell is used as a needling detonator, the center of the inner wall of the input end of the shell (1) is provided with a groove to form a needling surface, so that the thickness of the needling surface of the input end is thinner, and the difficulty of needling and firing is reduced.
4. The shaped charge detonator of claim 3 having insensitivity to stress induced stresses, wherein: when the primer is used for needling the detonator, the primer (2) adopts needling powder.
5. The shaped charge detonator of claim 2 having insensitivity to stress induced stresses, wherein: when the fire-extinguishing powder is used as a flame detonator, the center of the input end of the tube shell (1) is provided with a fire transfer hole, and the inner side of the input end is firstly placed into a silk pad (6) before pressing the powder so as to coat the powder surface of the input end of the powder column.
6. The shaped charge detonator of claim 5 having insensitivity to stress induced thermal shock, wherein: when the primer is used as a flame detonator, the initiating explosive (2) adopts an ignition explosive.
7. The shaped charge detonator having insensitivity to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the initiating drug (2) is loaded into the tube shell (1) from the output end of the tube shell (1) and is pressed flat; the initiating explosive (3) is filled into the tube shell (1) and flattened after the initiating explosive (2) is pressed; the high explosive (4) and the shaped charge liner (5) are sequentially filled into the tube shell (1) after the primary explosive (3) is pressed, and the opening of the shaped charge liner (5) faces to the output end and is pressed together with the high explosive (4).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551568A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-26 | 南京理工大学 | Coil spring type self-failure mechanism applied to high spinning cartridge fuse |
| CN114560747A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Fuse small-sized energy-gathering output detonator adopting single charge |
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| CN2478071Y (en) * | 2001-01-21 | 2002-02-20 | 国营九三九四厂 | Novel acupuncture delay detonator |
| CN2673862Y (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-01-26 | 沈阳工业学院 | Two direction flame detonator |
| CN104649853A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 湖北卫东化工股份有限公司 | Safe detonator |
| CN109556468A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of heavy caliber smooth bore explosive projectiles bullet contact fuze |
| CN111928738A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-13 | 南京理工大学 | Composite warhead device with adjustable damage power for killing broken armor |
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2021
- 2021-04-02 CN CN202110363072.2A patent/CN113074593B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2478071Y (en) * | 2001-01-21 | 2002-02-20 | 国营九三九四厂 | Novel acupuncture delay detonator |
| CN2673862Y (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2005-01-26 | 沈阳工业学院 | Two direction flame detonator |
| CN104649853A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 湖北卫东化工股份有限公司 | Safe detonator |
| CN109556468A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-04-02 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of heavy caliber smooth bore explosive projectiles bullet contact fuze |
| CN111928738A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-13 | 南京理工大学 | Composite warhead device with adjustable damage power for killing broken armor |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113551568A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-10-26 | 南京理工大学 | Coil spring type self-failure mechanism applied to high spinning cartridge fuse |
| CN113551568B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-12-13 | 南京理工大学 | Coil spring type self-failure mechanism applied to high spinning cartridge fuse |
| CN114560747A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-31 | 南京理工大学 | Fuse small-sized energy-gathering output detonator adopting single charge |
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| CN113074593B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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