CN109029163B

CN109029163B - Small insensitive nonel detonator

Info

Publication number: CN109029163B
Application number: CN201810943952.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王雨时; 李天宇; 张志彪; 王光宇; 闻泉
Original assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2018-08-18
Filing date: 2018-08-18
Publication date: 2020-04-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-18
Also published as: CN109029163A

Abstract

The invention discloses a small insensitive detonator. It includes detonator, bayonet plug, tube shell, silk pad, igniting powder, cap, inner tube, intermediate powder, bottom powder and bottom cap. Pressing boron/potassium nitrate into the cap stuck with the silk mat; the inner tube and the bottom cap are filled with hexanitrostilbene. The high explosive hexanitrostilbene is adopted to replace the primary explosive, and a combined structure of the cap, the inner tube and the bottom cap is used in a matched mode during explosive charging, so that the axial size of the detonator is reduced, the radial constraint of explosive charging is enhanced, and the detonation conversion of insensitive explosive charging combustion is effectively realized. The detonator has high safety and simple process structure, and can meet the miniaturization requirement of the detonation structure.

Description

Small insensitive nonel detonator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engineering initiation, in particular to a small insensitive detonator with a detonating tube.

Background

With the continuous progress of human science and technology, the modern industry has more and more deeply mastered the related knowledge of the blasting equipment, and further has higher and higher requirements on the performance of the initiation device. The improvement and innovation research of the initiation technology mainly starts from two aspects, namely the accurate delay and the safety performance of initiation, and the used idea is gradually changed from the traditional single structure into a complex structure. Since the primary explosive in the conventional detonator is highly sensitive and easily ignited upon external impact, care must be taken in transportation, storage and use. Meanwhile, a large amount of wastewater is generated in the production process, and serious environmental pollution is easily caused due to high toxicity of the wastewater.

The detonator without the initiating explosive replaces the traditional initiating explosive with high explosive or pyrotechnic composition. Compared with the traditional detonator, the detonator does not contain initiating explosive, and passivated or refined high explosive is filled in the detonator, so that the safety of the initiating device is greatly improved, and accidents are avoided to a great extent. CN87202794 discloses a hollow detonator without initiating explosive, the exciting explosive is mainly made by mixing and filling Taian, hexogen or other monomer explosives. Although the detonator is simple to prepare, the hypersensitive tai-an explosive is selected to replace the traditional primary explosive, so that the safety of the detonator is reduced to a certain extent. CN2059979U discloses an impact flying-piece type primer without initiating explosive, which puts strict strength requirements on the explosive particles of the high explosive used. When the detonator is inverted, gaps are easily generated due to low strength of explosive particles, and further, the phenomenon of semi-explosion is generated when the detonator is used in an inverted state or a state close to the inverted state. CN204718509U discloses a restraining steel sleeve type detonator without initiating explosive, explosives with different explosive pressing densities are sequentially pressed into the same steel sleeve, and the explosive pressing process is too complicated. The initiating explosive system is tai an and aluminum powder are mixed and loosely packed in proportion, and the reliability of initiation is also reduced.

Generally speaking, the existing detonator without the initiating explosive is complex in structure, high in production cost and insufficient in safety and reliability, so that the development and popularization of the detonator without the initiating explosive are restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a insensitive detonating tube (flame) detonator which has a simple structure and is convenient to charge, so as to solve the problems of poor safety and poor detonation reliability of the traditional detonator without the initiating explosive.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a small insensitive detonator with a detonator tube comprises a detonator tube, a bayonet plug, a tube shell, an ignition charge, a cap, an inner tube, an intermediate charge, a bottom charge and a bottom cap, wherein the tube shell is of a hollow tubular structure with two open ends, the tube shell comprises a top opening and a bottom closing-in, the outer surface of the bottom cap is tightly attached to the inner surface of the bottom of the tube shell, the bottom of the bottom cap is limited by the bottom closing-in of the tube shell, the bottom charge is positioned at the bottom in the bottom cap, the inner tube is arranged at the top of the bottom charge, the lower part of the inner tube is positioned in the bottom cap, the upper part of the inner tube is positioned in the cap, the intermediate charge is positioned in the inner tube, the bottom surface of the intermediate charge is contacted with the top surface of the bottom charge, the top surface of the intermediate charge is contacted with the bottom surface of the ignition charge positioned in the cap, the top surface of the ignition charge is, the top surface of block leans on with the bottom surface counterbalance of bayonet socket stopper, bayonet socket stopper part is located the tube, the part is located outside the tube, bayonet socket stopper has seted up bayonet socket stopper central ladder through-hole along its central axis, bayonet socket stopper central ladder through-hole is including being located anterior big diameter section and being located the little diameter section at rear portion, the detonator stretches into in the big diameter section and by the ladder spacing, little diameter section with the top through-hole intercommunication of block.

Further, the contact position of the bottom cap and the bottom closing-in of the tube shell is sealed through sealing paint.

Furthermore, the upper part and the lower part of the outer surface of the inner pipe are provided with an upper step and a lower step, the bottom cap is matched and limited with the lower step of the inner pipe, and the cap is matched and limited with the upper step of the inner pipe.

Further, the small insensitive detonating tube detonator also comprises a silk pad which is arranged between the top surface of the ignition powder and the inner surface of the top of the cap.

Further, the ignition powder is boron/potassium nitrate.

Further, the intermediate drug and the bottom drug are hexanitrostilbene.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the insensitive high explosive hexanitrostilbene and the insensitive ignition powder boron/potassium nitrate are used for replacing the traditional sensitive powder charge in the detonator, including the ignition powder, the initiating powder and the high explosive, so that the detonator has the insensitive characteristic and ensures the use safety and the initiation completeness and reliability;

(2) when the detonator is assembled, explosives used by the detonator are respectively pressed into the cap, the inner tube and the bottom cap, and the detonator is assembled into the detonator core structure and then is assembled into the detonator shell, so that the detonator is easier and more convenient to assemble. Meanwhile, the axial size of the detonator is reduced to a large extent by the detonator core structure, the radial constraint of charging is enhanced, and the detonator is favorably promoted to further reduce the size.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of a miniaturized insensitive detonator of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a detonator core part in the miniaturized insensitive detonator of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-2, a small insensitive detonator with detonator comprises a detonator 1, a bayonet plug 2, a tube shell 3, an ignition charge 5, a cap 6, an inner tube 7, an intermediate charge 8, a bottom charge 9 and a bottom cap 10, wherein the tube shell 3 is a hollow tubular structure with openings at two ends, the tube shell 3 comprises a top opening and a bottom closing, the outer surface of the bottom cap 10 is tightly attached to the inner surface of the bottom of the tube shell 3, the bottom of the bottom cap 10 is limited by the bottom closing of the tube shell 3, the bottom charge 9 is positioned at the bottom in the bottom cap 10, the inner tube 7 is arranged at the top of the bottom charge 9, the lower part of the inner tube 7 is positioned in the bottom cap 10, the upper part of the inner tube 7 is positioned in the cap 6, the intermediate charge 8 is positioned in the inner tube 7, the bottom surface of the intermediate charge 8 is contacted with the top surface of the bottom charge 9, the top surface of the intermediate charge 8 is contacted with the bottom surface of, the top surface of ignition powder 5 is clung to the inner surface of the top of the cap 6, the top of the cap 6 is provided with a through hole along the axis direction, the outer surface of the top of the cap 6 is propped against the bottom surface of the bayonet plug 2, the part of the bayonet plug 2 is positioned in the tube shell 3, the part of the bayonet plug is positioned outside the tube shell 3, the bayonet plug 2 is provided with a central stepped through hole of the bayonet plug along the central axis thereof, the central stepped through hole of the bayonet plug comprises a large-diameter section positioned at the front part and a small-diameter section positioned at the rear part, the detonating tube 1 extends into the large-diameter section and is limited by steps, and the small-diameter section is communicated with the top through hole of the cap.

Further, the contact position of the bottom cap 10 and the bottom closing-in of the tube shell 3 is sealed by sealing paint.

Further, the upper part and the lower part of the outer surface of the inner tube 7 are provided with an upper step and a lower step, the bottom cap 10 is matched and limited with the lower step of the inner tube 7, and the cap 6 is matched and limited with the upper step of the inner tube 7.

Further, the miniaturized insensitive detonator also comprises a silk pad 4, wherein the silk pad 4 is arranged between the top surface of the ignition powder 5 and the inner surface of the top of the cap 6.

Further, the ignition charge 5 is boron/potassium nitrate.

Further, the intermediate drug 8 and the bottom drug 9 are hexanitrostilbenes.

The top and bottom of the present invention are shown in the left and right positions of fig. 1.

The high explosive hexanitrostilbene is a heat-resistant explosive, and has good physical and chemical stability, low mechanical sensitivity, insensitivity to electrostatic spark and strong radiation resistance. While boron/potassium nitrate is a insensitive high-energy ignition charge. The hexanitrostilbene and the boron/potassium nitrate are inactive explosive charges which are allowed to be used in a straight line and listed in the relevant military standards of the United states and China, the sensitivity of the hexanitrostilbene and the boron/potassium nitrate is not higher than that of the Terebra, and the hexanitrostilbene and the boron/potassium nitrate are safe explosive charges. The traditional detonator without initiating explosive only achieves 'no initiating explosive', but still adopts the safety as the explosive charge, the sensitivity of the safety is higher than that of the Chevron, and the detonator is the explosive charge which is not allowed to be used in line in the United states and the relevant military standard in China. That is, too much security is required in non-primary detonators, which is compromised and not recognized by the ammunition and detonator industry. The safety of the non-initiating explosive detonator filled with hexanitrostilbene and boron/potassium nitrate meets the requirements of corresponding military standards at home and abroad.

The working process of the miniature insensitive nonel detonator comprises the following steps: after the detonating tube 1 is ignited, the flame ignites the boron/potassium nitrate inside the detonating tube through the through hole reserved at the top of the cap 6. The temperature of the ignition powder 5B/potassium nitrate in the whole body is quickly raised, and the surface temperature of the explosive around is also raised by thermal convection. When the temperature is raised to a certain height, the intermediate 8-hexanitrostilbene is ignited, and all explosives are ignited successively through combustion reaction, so that the pressure in the inner tube 7 is continuously raised, combustion-detonation reaction is carried out, and energy is output to the bottom explosive 9. The bottom explosive 9 is filled with the high-density hexanitrostilbene, so that the output power of the detonator is improved.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The small insensitive detonator with the detonating tube is characterized by comprising the detonating tube (1), a bayonet plug (2), a tube shell (3), ignition powder (5), a cover cap (6), an inner tube (7), middle powder (8), bottom powder (9) and a bottom cap (10), wherein the tube shell (3) is of a hollow tubular structure with two open ends, the tube shell (3) comprises a top opening and a bottom closing-in part, the bottom outer surface of the bottom cap (10) is tightly attached to the inner surface of the bottom of the tube shell (3) and is limited by the bottom closing-in part of the tube shell (3), the bottom powder (9) is positioned at the bottom of the bottom cap (10), the inner tube (7) is arranged at the top of the bottom powder (9), the lower part of the inner tube (7) is positioned in the bottom cap (10), the upper part of the inner tube (7) is positioned in the cover cap (6), the middle powder (8) is positioned in the inner tube (7) and the bottom surface of the middle powder (8) and the bottom powder (9) are positioned in the cover cap (6) The top surface contact of, the top surface of middle powder (8) contacts with the bottom surface that is located ignition powder (5) in cap (6), the top surface of ignition powder (5) is hugged closely cap (6) top internal surface, the top of cap (6) has a through-hole along its axis direction, the top surface of cap (6) supports with the bottom surface of bayonet socket stopper (2) and leans on, bayonet socket stopper (2) part is located tube shell (3), and the part is located outside tube shell (3), bayonet socket stopper (2) have seted up bayonet socket stopper central ladder through-hole along its central axis, bayonet socket stopper central ladder through-hole is including being located anterior big diameter section and being located the little diameter section at rear portion, detonator (1) stretches into in the big tube shell diameter section and by the ladder spacing, little diameter section with the top through-hole intercommunication of cap (6).

2. The miniaturized insensitive detonator of claim 1, wherein the contact position of the bottom cap (10) and the bottom mouth of the tube shell (3) is sealed by sealing lacquer.

3. The miniaturized insensitive detonator of claim 1, wherein the inner tube (7) has upper and lower steps at the upper and lower portions of the outer surface thereof, the bottom cap (10) is engaged and restrained with the lower step of the inner tube (7), and the cap (6) is engaged and restrained with the upper step of the inner tube (7).

4. The miniaturized insensitive detonator of claim 1, further comprising a silk pad (4), wherein the silk pad (4) is disposed between the top surface of the ignition charge (5) and the top inner surface of the cap (6).

5. The miniaturized insensitive detonator of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ignition charge (5) is boron/potassium nitrate.

6. The miniaturized insensitive detonator of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the intermediate charge (8) and the bottom charge (9) are hexanitrostilbene.