CN114560674A - Composite thermal insulation material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite thermal insulation material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114560674A CN114560674A CN202210274418.6A CN202210274418A CN114560674A CN 114560674 A CN114560674 A CN 114560674A CN 202210274418 A CN202210274418 A CN 202210274418A CN 114560674 A CN114560674 A CN 114560674A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000013053 water resistant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XYRAEZLPSATLHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C.[Na] Chemical compound C.[Na] CAQWNKXTMBFBGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical group O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/101—Burned rice husks or other burned vegetable material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of composite heat-insulating materials, and particularly relates to a composite heat-insulating material and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a composite heat-insulating material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the paint comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 68-80% of straw ash, 9-11% of glass beads, 3-6% of vinyl versatate, 3-7% of sodium methyl silicate, 4-6% of silica sol and 0.5-2% of water-resistant agent. The composite heat-insulating material provided by the invention takes the straw ash as a main raw material, realizes resource recycling of the straw ash, and reduces resource waste and environmental pollution. The invention provides a preparation method of the composite heat-insulating material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing straw ash, glass beads, vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water to obtain a mixture; and forming the mixture to obtain the composite heat-insulating material. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat insulation materials, and particularly relates to a composite heat insulation material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The traditional mode of processing crop straw is for burning, but burning the straw can produce a large amount of haze and cause air pollution. In order to protect the environment and reduce the phenomenon of straw burning, researchers research and utilize straws to generate electricity. The straw power generation reduces air pollution caused by straw burning and creates economic benefits, but the straw power generation can generate a large amount of straw ash waste materials. At present, most of straw ash cannot be treated and can only be dumped outdoors, the straw ash can float with wind in sunny days to pollute the environment, and the straw ash can enter rivers along with rainwater to pollute water sources in rainy seasons; meanwhile, a large amount of land resources are occupied by dumping the straw ash in the open air.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a composite thermal insulation material and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a composite heat-insulating material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
preferably, the composite heat-insulating material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
preferably, the bulk density of the hollow glass beads is 1.4-1.6 g/cm3。
Preferably, the water-resistant agent comprises redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose or polyethylene powder.
Preferably, the particle size of the redispersible latex powder is 80-200 meshes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite heat-insulating material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing straw ash, hollow glass beads, vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite heat-insulating material.
Preferably, the mixing comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing the straw ash and the hollow glass beads to obtain a dry mixture;
mixing vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
Preferably, the second mixing comprises the steps of:
dispersing the water-resistant agent in partial water to obtain a water-resistant agent dispersion liquid;
and fourthly, mixing the vinyl versatate, the sodium methyl silicate, the silica sol, the water-resistant dispersion liquid and the residual water to obtain the wet mixed material.
Preferably, the forming is roll forming, and the pressure of the roll forming is 1.5-2.5 tons/m2And the rolling forming time is 2-5 min.
The invention provides an application of the composite heat-insulating material in the technical scheme or the composite heat-insulating material prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in a heat-insulating plate.
The invention provides a composite heat-insulating material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the paint comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 68-80% of straw ash, 9-11% of hollow glass beads, 3-6% of vinyl versatate, 3-7% of sodium methyl silicate, 4-6% of silica sol and 0.5-2% of water-resistant agent. The composite heat-insulating material provided by the invention takes the straw ash as a main raw material, realizes resource recycling of the straw ash, and reduces resource waste and environmental pollution. Meanwhile, the composite heat-insulating material provided by the invention has good heat-insulating property and compressive strength as a heat-insulating plate, has fire resistance and improves the use safety of the heat-insulating plate.
The invention provides a preparation method of the composite heat-insulating material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps: mixing straw ash, hollow glass beads, vinyl versatate, methyl sodium silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water to obtain a mixture; and forming the mixture to obtain the composite heat-insulating material. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a composite heat-insulating material which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the composite heat-insulating material comprises 68-80% of straw ash by mass percentage, and preferably 70-75%. In the present invention, the straw ash is preferably straw power plant waste. In the invention, the straw ash has stable physical properties after high-temperature combustion, and the composite thermal insulation material prepared from the straw ash does not expand after absorbing moisture and does not shrink after drying; meanwhile, the straw ash is mainly made of inorganic materials and has fire resistance. In the invention, the straw ash has lower density, and the prepared composite board has the characteristic of light weight.
The composite heat-insulating material comprises 9-11% of hollow glass beads by mass percentage, and preferably 9-10%. In the invention, the granularity of the hollow glass bead is preferably 180-200 μm, more preferably 185-195 μm; the above-mentionedThe wall thickness of the hollow glass beads is preferably 1 to 2 μm, and more preferably 1.2 to 1.8 μm. In the invention, the bulk density of the hollow glass beads is preferably 1.4-1.6 g/cm3More preferably 1.45 to 1.55g/cm3. In the invention, the Rockwell hardness of the hollow glass bead is preferably 48-52 HRC, and more preferably 49-51 HRC.
The hollow glass microspheres have the characteristics of light weight, low heat conductivity coefficient, high strength and good stability, and can improve the impact resistance and the heat insulation performance of the composite heat insulation material.
The composite heat-insulating material comprises, by mass, 3-6% of vinyl versatate, and preferably 3-5%. In the present invention, the vinyl versatate is preferably bj-707 in type. In the invention, the vinyl versatate can improve the alkali resistance of the composite thermal insulation material.
The composite heat-insulating material comprises 3-7% of sodium methyl silicate by mass percentage, and preferably 3-5%. In the present invention, the sodium methyl silicate is preferably available from Yangpo technologies, Inc. of Hangzhou. In the invention, the sodium methyl silicate can improve the alkali resistance of the composite heat-insulating material and simultaneously increase the strength of the composite heat-insulating material.
The composite heat-insulating material comprises 4-6% of silica sol by mass percentage, and preferably 4-5%. In the present invention, the silica sol is preferably silica sol s-40. According to the invention, the silica sol can promote the mixing of raw materials, so that the uniformly mixed material is obtained, the strength of the composite heat-insulating material is improved, and the ultraviolet radiation resistance of the composite heat-insulating material is improved.
The composite heat-insulating material comprises 0.5-2% of water-resistant agent by mass percentage, and preferably 0.5-1%. In the present invention, the water-resistant agent preferably includes redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or polyethylene powder, more preferably dispersion gel or polyethylene powder. In the invention, the granularity of the redispersible latex powder is preferably 80-200 meshes, and more preferably 100-180 meshes; the ash content of the redispersible latex powder is preferably 1-3%, and more preferably 2%; the redispersible latex powder preferably has a solid content of 97% or more, more preferably 98% or more. In the present invention, the polyethylene powder preferably has a particle size of 80 to 300 mesh, more preferably 90 to 200 mesh, when used. In the present invention, the redispersible latex powder is preferably SWF-05 in type. In the invention, the water-resistant agent can improve the water resistance and the anti-cracking performance of the composite heat-insulating material.
In the invention, the thickness of the composite heat-insulating material is preferably 4-12 cm, and more preferably 5-10 cm. The length and the width of the composite heat-insulating material are not specially required, and the composite heat-insulating material is limited according to the use requirement.
Most of the existing insulation boards are perlite insulation boards, rock wool insulation boards or polyphenyl particle insulation boards. However, when the perlite insulation board is produced, light volcanic ash rock ores need to be mined; the production of the rock wool heat-insulating plate for exploiting the basalt ore can destroy environmental consumption resources and pollute the environment when the ore sand is exploited. The production of the polyphenyl particle heat-insulating plate needs to consume limited petroleum resources, and the environment can be polluted and damaged in the production process. The composite heat-insulating material provided by the invention can be used as a heat-insulating plate, so that the use of ore sand resources and petroleum resources is reduced, and meanwhile, the straw ash is fully utilized, and the straw ash is recycled.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite heat-insulating material in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing straw ash, hollow glass beads, vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite heat-insulating material.
The method comprises the steps of mixing straw ash, hollow glass beads, vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water to obtain a mixture. In the present invention, the mixing preferably comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing the straw ash and the hollow glass beads to obtain a dry mixture;
mixing vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material;
and carrying out third mixing on the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
According to the invention, the straw ash and the hollow glass beads are firstly mixed to obtain the dry mixture. In the invention, the first mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 180-220 r/min, and more preferably 190-200 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 10-15 min, and more preferably 11-14 min. The invention is not particularly limited to the means for agitating, and in an embodiment of the invention, the agitating is performed in a drum-type dry powder agitator.
According to the invention, tertiary ethylene carbonate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water are mixed for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material. In the present invention, the second mixing preferably comprises the steps of:
dispersing the water-resistant agent in partial water to obtain a water-resistant agent dispersion liquid;
and fourthly, mixing the vinyl versatate, the sodium methyl silicate, the silica sol, the water-resistant dispersion liquid and the residual water to obtain the wet mixed material.
The water-resistant agent is dispersed in partial water to obtain the water-resistant agent dispersion liquid. The invention has no special requirement on the water, and only needs tap water. In the invention, the mass ratio of the partial water to the water-resistant agent is preferably 35-45: 100, and more preferably 40-42: 100. In the invention, the dispersion is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 1300-1700 r/min, and more preferably 1500-1600 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 3-5 min, and more preferably 4-4.5 min. The invention does not require special means for said stirring, which in the embodiment of the invention is carried out in a hand-held mixer.
After the water resistance dispersion liquid is obtained, the tertiary ethylene carbonate, the methyl sodium silicate, the silica sol, the water resistance dispersion liquid and the residual water are mixed for the fourth time to obtain the wet mixed material. In the invention, the mass ratio of the total mass of the vinyl versatate, the sodium methyl silicate and the silica sol to the residual water is preferably 100: 30-40, and more preferably 100: 35-38. In the invention, the fourth mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 500-700 r/min, and more preferably 550-650 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 5-10 min, and more preferably 6-8 min. The invention has no special requirements on the stirring device.
After the dry mixture and the wet mixture are obtained, the dry mixture and the wet mixture are subjected to third mixing to obtain the mixture. In the invention, the third mixing is preferably carried out under the condition of stirring, and the rotating speed of the stirring is preferably 300-500 r/min, and more preferably 350-450 r/min; the stirring time is preferably 10-20 min, and more preferably 13-18 min. The invention has no special requirements on the stirring device, and in the embodiment of the invention, the stirring is carried out in a spiral stirrer.
The invention can uniformly disperse the raw materials by mixing the raw materials step by step and can remove air bubbles in the mixed solution.
After the mixture is obtained, the mixture is molded to obtain the composite heat-insulating material. In the invention, the forming is preferably roll forming, and the pressure of the roll forming is preferably 1.5-2.5 tons/m2More preferably 1.8 to 2.3 tons/m2(ii) a The rolling time is preferably 2-5 min, and more preferably 3-4.5 min. The invention has no particular requirement on the device for the roll forming, in the invention the roll forming is preferably carried out in an automatic plate press.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the molding further comprises: and drying the formed slab. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 40-60 ℃, and more preferably 45-55 ℃; the drying time is preferably 24-32 hours, and more preferably 25-30 hours.
The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in production process and easy for industrial production, and meanwhile, the straw ash is recycled to save resources.
The invention also provides the application of the composite heat-insulating material in the technical scheme or the composite heat-insulating material prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in a heat-insulating plate. The composite thermal insulation material provided by the invention has good thermal insulation, fire resistance and water resistance when being used for thermal insulation boards.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Based on the mass percentage content of the composite heat-insulating material, 80 percent of straw ash and 10 percent of bulk density are measured to be 1.5g/cm3The Rockwell hardness is preferably 48HRC, the hollow glass microspheres with the granularity of 190 mu m and the wall thickness of 1 mu m are placed in a drum-type dry powder stirrer and stirred for 10min at the rotating speed of 200r/min to obtain dry mixture;
placing 0.5% redispersible latex powder with the granularity of 150 meshes in a portable mixer, and dispersing in part of water (the mass ratio of the part of water to the redispersible latex powder is 40:100) under the condition of the rotating speed of 1500r/min to obtain redispersible latex powder dispersion; stirring 3% of vinyl versatate, 2.5% of sodium methyl silicate, 4% of silica sol, the redispersible emulsion powder dispersion and the residual water (the mass ratio of the total mass of the vinyl versatate, the sodium methyl silicate and the silica sol to the residual water is 100:35) for 10min at the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain a wet mixed material;
stirring the dry mixture and the wet mixture in a spiral stirrer for 15min at the rotating speed of 400r/min to obtain a mixture;
the mixture is pressed at a pressure of 2 tons/m2Rolling and molding for 4min, and drying at 50 ℃ for 26h to obtain the composite heat-insulating material.
Examples 2 to 4
A composite insulation was prepared as in example 1, except that the amounts of the components were used, and the amounts of the components are as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 amounts of the components of examples 1-4
Comparative example 1
The polystyrene particle insulation board sold in the market is taken as a comparative example.
Comparative example 2
The rock wool insulation board sold in the market is used as a comparative example.
Comparative example 3
The commercially available perlite insulation board is taken as a comparative example.
Comparative example 4
And taking a commercially available cement foaming insulation board as a comparative example.
The sheets of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were processed into sheets of 10cm × 10cm × 10cm, and then placed in a 1200 ℃ combustion furnace to be burned for 10min, and the mass loss rate was measured, and the results are shown in table 1. The comparative example was observed to burn off after 2min of burning.
TABLE 1 fire resistance of examples 1-4 and comparative example 1
| Examples | Mass loss rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 10 |
| Example 2 | 10 |
| Example 3 | 15 |
| Example 4 | 12 |
| Comparative example 1 | 95 |
According to the combustion test, the composite heat-insulating material provided by the invention does not generate a burning point when being combusted for 10min at 1200 ℃, and the pulverization rate is about 10%. The straw ash insulation board does not produce ignition point, has extremely low pulverization rate, is only one tenth of that of a polyphenyl granule insulation board, and has small loss. The board taking the straw ash as the main raw material can play a good role in stopping combustion when a fire disaster occurs, and the polyphenyl particle heat-insulating board can be quickly burnt out, is equivalent to a combustion-supporting substance in the fire disaster, and can generate great harm.
The compression strength of the plates of examples 1-4 and comparative example 2 was tested according to the GB/T20473-2006 test method for thermal insulation materials, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 compressive Strength of the sheets of examples 1-4 and comparative example 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the compressive strength of the composite thermal insulation material provided by the invention is greater than or equal to 0.80MPa, the compressive strength of the rock wool thermal insulation board is 0.23MPa, and the composite thermal insulation material provided by the invention has higher compressive strength.
The plates of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 2 of the same specification were immersed in water for 10 hours to observe the appearance and to measure the water absorption, and the results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Water resistance of the sheets of examples 1-4 and comparative example 2
| Examples | Water absorption (%) | Appearance of the product |
| Example 1 | 2.6 | Without change |
| Example 2 | 2.8 | Without change |
| Example 3 | 2.4 | Without change |
| Example 4 | 2.3 | Without change |
| Comparative example 2 | 3 | Layer cracking |
As can be seen from Table 3, the composite thermal insulation material provided by the invention has low water absorption, does not generate the phenomenon of layering and cracking after being soaked for a long time, and has good water resistance; the water absorption of the composite heat-insulating material plate provided by the invention is only one fifth of that of a rock wool heat-insulating plate.
4. The heat conductivity coefficient contrast of straw ash heated board and pearlite heated board:
the plates of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 3 were processed into plates of (300 x 30) mm in specification, and the thermal conductivity at room temperature (25 ℃) of the plates of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 3 was measured using PDR-3030B flat plate thermal conductivity according to the national standard GB/T10294-2008, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 thermal conductivity of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 3, 4
As can be seen from Table 4, the composite thermal insulation material provided by the invention has good thermal insulation performance.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The composite heat-insulating material comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
2. the composite thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
3. the composite thermal insulation material according to claim 1, wherein the bulk density of the hollow glass beads is 1.4 to 1.6g/cm3。
4. The composite insulation of claim 1, wherein the water-resistant agent comprises a redispersible latex powder, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, or polyethylene powder.
5. The composite thermal insulation material according to claim 4, wherein the redispersible latex powder has a particle size of 80 to 200 mesh.
6. A method for preparing the composite thermal insulation material of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
mixing straw ash, hollow glass beads, vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water to obtain a mixture;
and forming the mixture to obtain the composite heat-insulating material.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the mixing comprises the steps of:
firstly mixing the straw ash and the hollow glass beads to obtain a dry mixture;
mixing vinyl versatate, sodium methyl silicate, silica sol, a water-resistant agent and water for the second time to obtain a wet mixed material;
and thirdly mixing the dry mixture and the wet mixture to obtain the mixture.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the second mixing comprises the steps of:
dispersing the water-resistant agent in partial water to obtain a water-resistant agent dispersion liquid;
and fourthly, mixing the vinyl versatate, the sodium methyl silicate, the silica sol, the water-resistant dispersion liquid and the residual water to obtain the wet mixed material.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the forming is roll forming, and the pressure of the roll forming is 1.5 to 2.5 tons/m2And the rolling forming time is 2-5 min.
10. Use of the composite thermal insulation material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the composite thermal insulation material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in thermal insulation boards.
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