CN114532196A - Clean energy farmland irrigation system and irrigation method based on water flow sensor - Google Patents

Clean energy farmland irrigation system and irrigation method based on water flow sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114532196A
CN114532196A CN202111642947.9A CN202111642947A CN114532196A CN 114532196 A CN114532196 A CN 114532196A CN 202111642947 A CN202111642947 A CN 202111642947A CN 114532196 A CN114532196 A CN 114532196A
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water
irrigation
water flow
controller
flow sensor
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魏舒怡
郭静怡
张秀霞
朱雷
魏少勃
绍朱林
孙昭
李晓英
邢东源
郝健
储金全
杨来龙
马源泽
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North Minzu University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16Control of watering
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G25/00Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
    • A01G25/16Control of watering
    • A01G25/167Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a clean energy farmland irrigation system and an irrigation method based on a water flow sensor, wherein the system comprises a water flow control system, a clean energy power supply system, a water lifting irrigation system and a cloud platform control system, the water flow control system comprises a controller, the water flow sensor and a soil humidity sensor, the water flow sensor and the soil humidity sensor are both connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the cloud platform control system; cloud platform control system transmits theoretical water demand to the controller, and soil moisture sensor gathers soil moisture and transmits for the controller, and water flow sensor gathers the water yield of flowing through in the pipeline, and the controller calculates the soil water content according to soil moisture to confirm whether start lift irrigation system according to the difference between soil water content and the theoretical water demand and carry out the lift, and confirm whether close lift irrigation system according to the water yield of gathering. The invention can realize the accurate control of the irrigation water quantity and the accurate positioning of the irrigation area.

Description

Clean energy farmland irrigation system and irrigation method based on water flow sensor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a clean energy farmland irrigation system and an irrigation method based on a water flow sensor.
Background
With the rapid development of real estate industry in recent years, a large number of high-quality farmlands are occupied due to urban development, and China still needs a large number of imported grains every year. Unstable uncertain factors in the current international environment are obviously increased, and the grain safety is still the first thing. In order to respond to the national green development call, clean natural energy is provided for crop irrigation by utilizing wind energy, water energy and solar energy for power generation, and optimal utilization of resources can be realized. The problem of when and where irrigation is required and the amount of water required by the crops involved in farm irrigation is that accurate matching is extremely important for crop growth. Current irrigation systems have not been able to meet such use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to accurately match the water quantity required by crop growth with irrigation water quantity, and provides a clean energy farmland irrigation system and an irrigation method based on a water flow sensor.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a clean energy farmland irrigation system based on a water flow sensor comprises a water quantity control system, a clean energy power supply system, a water lifting irrigation system and a cloud platform control system, wherein the water quantity control system comprises a controller, a water flow sensor and a soil humidity sensor, the water flow sensor and the soil humidity sensor are both connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the cloud platform control system; cloud platform control system is arranged in transmitting theoretical water demand to the controller, and soil moisture sensor is used for gathering soil moisture and transmits for the controller, and water flow sensor is arranged in gathering the water yield of flowing through in the pipeline, and the controller calculates the soil water content according to soil moisture to confirm whether start the irrigation system that lifts water according to the difference between soil water content and the theoretical water demand, and whether close the irrigation system that lifts water according to the water yield of gathering.
In the further refined scheme, the water quantity control system further comprises a plurality of pipelines, pipeline valves and relays, the relays are connected with the controller, the pipeline valves are connected with the relays, and the pipeline valves are installed on the pipelines. In this scheme, through relay control pipeline valve, compare in manual control, not only can realize the automation, control accuracy is higher moreover.
In a further optimized scheme, the water quantity control system further comprises a liquid crystal display screen, and the liquid crystal display screen is connected with the controller. In the scheme, the liquid crystal display screen is arranged for displaying, so that the display screen can be conveniently checked and can be timely processed when abnormality occurs.
In the further optimized scheme, the water lifting irrigation system comprises a water pump, a reservoir, a motor and a motor driving circuit, wherein the water pump is connected with the motor, the motor is connected with the motor driving circuit, a controller is connected with the motor driving circuit, and the water pump lifts water to the reservoir through a pipeline. In this scheme, can tentatively control the water lift through the rotor slew velocity of motor drive circuit control motor, realize the accurate control of irrigation water volume through water control system then.
In a further optimized scheme, the clean energy power supply system comprises clean power generation equipment, a super capacitor and an unloader, wherein the clean power generation equipment stores generated energy into the super capacitor, and the unloader is connected with the super capacitor. The clean power generation equipment comprises one or more of a photovoltaic power generation panel, a hydroelectric generator and a wind driven generator. In this scheme, adopt clean type energy power supply, and multiple power generation mode cooperation is used, when guaranteeing enough electric energy, effectively utilized natural resources, and green.
In a further optimized scheme, the cloud platform control system comprises a cloud server and/or a mobile terminal, and when the cloud platform control system simultaneously comprises the cloud server and the mobile terminal, the cloud server is in communication connection with the mobile terminal. Automatic control can be achieved through the cloud server, remote manual control and checking of a user can be achieved through the mobile terminal, and the applicability is high.
In the further optimized scheme, the intelligent irrigation system further comprises a Beidou positioning system, wherein the Beidou positioning system is in communication connection with the cloud platform control system, and is used for positioning an area needing irrigation and transmitting a positioning result to the cloud platform control system. The water yield that different crops needed in different growth periods is different, when the distribution area in farmland is great only need irrigate local area, carries out the local positioning through positioning system, can irrigate the arable land area that needs irrigate more accurately, and can not lead to the regional excessive irrigation of the arable land that need not irrigate.
The invention also provides an irrigation method of the clean energy farmland irrigation system based on the water flow sensor, which comprises the following steps:
the cloud platform control system transmits the theoretical water demand parameter to the controller;
the soil humidity sensor collects soil humidity and transmits the soil humidity to the controller;
the controller calculates the soil moisture content according to the soil humidity, determines whether to start the water lifting irrigation system for lifting water according to the difference value between the soil moisture content and the theoretical water demand, starts the water lifting irrigation system for lifting water if the soil moisture content is the difference value, detects the water amount through the water flow sensor, closes the water lifting irrigation system if the water amount reaches the irrigation standard, and continues lifting water for irrigation if the water amount does not reach the irrigation standard; theoretical water demand
Figure BDA0003444270890000031
R is plant stream capacity, P is precipitation, C is illumination intensity, k1、k2、k3、k4All are proportionality coefficients.
The step of starting the water lifting irrigation system to lift water comprises the following steps: the relay controls the opening of the pipeline valve, and the motor driving circuit controls the water lifting amount of the water pump.
In a further optimized solution, the method further comprises the steps of: and positioning the area to be irrigated by using a positioning system, and irrigating the positioned area by using external irrigation facilities.
Compared with the prior art, this scheme can be accurate through adding water flow sensor and soil moisture sensor and implement the irrigation to crops, has avoided crops to irrigate the emergence of insufficient and too much phenomenon of irrigation, is favorable to crops volume production. The scheme is also connected with a motor driving circuit, and irrigation with different water quantities is provided for different crops. The scheme is characterized in that a small hydroelectric generator is arranged at a pipeline, and energy is converted to supply power to the system when crops are irrigated. The power supply energy of the scheme is clean and pollution-free, the energy conversion rate is high, and the cost is saved while the environment is protected. According to the scheme, the Beidou positioning system is used for positioning the cultivated land position needing irrigation, and the efficiency is improved for irrigation work. According to the scheme, the cloud server is used for collecting, storing and calculating the data of each sensor of the system, the crop irrigation condition can be detected in real time through the mobile terminal, the remote control crop irrigation is finally realized, and great convenience is provided for crop planting.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of an irrigation system according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the connections between the various component systems of the irrigation system of an exemplary embodiment;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the irrigation system in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 3, the clean energy farm irrigation system based on the water flow sensor in the embodiment includes a water amount control system, a clean energy power supply system, a water pumping irrigation system, and a cloud platform control system.
The water quantity control system comprises a water flow sensor, a soil humidity sensor, a single chip microcomputer, a relay, a pipeline valve, a liquid crystal display screen and a plurality of pipelines.
The water flow sensor is arranged in the pipeline, when water flows through the water flow sensor, the rotor of the water flow sensor rotates to generate a pulse signal, and then the water flow passing through the pipeline can be acquired.
The soil humidity sensor is arranged in soil, and when the moisture contained in the soil changes, the soil humidity sensor can generate an electric signal to acquire soil humidity information.
The water flow sensor, the soil humidity sensor, the relay and the liquid crystal display screen are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer sends out control instructions to the relay according to water quantity and soil humidity information. The singlechip can adopt an STC89C52 chip. In this embodiment, a single chip microcomputer is used as a controller, but other embodiments such as a processor may be used.
The relay is connected with the pipeline valve and used for controlling the opening and closing of the pipeline valve. Specifically, when the soil humidity is high, the relay receives a control instruction of the single chip microcomputer and then controls the closing of a pipeline valve, so that the crops are prevented from being submerged by excessive water; when soil moisture is not enough, the valve on the pipeline is opened to the single chip microcomputer control relay, and the crops begin to be irrigated, and when the water yield of irrigating reached the required water yield of crops, the single chip microcomputer control relay closed the pipeline valve, and the completion is irrigated, accomplishes the accurate control of system's water yield.
The liquid crystal display screen is used for displaying parameters such as water quantity, soil humidity and temperature, and the parameter threshold value can be adjusted according to habits of different crop growth stages and different weather conditions.
Factors affecting the amount of irrigation water for crops mainly include: the cultivated land area size S, the water absorption capacity R of plants, the precipitation P and the illumination intensity C. These factors will directly influence the humidity of soil, and then influence the total storage volume size of soil moisture, and wherein, the influence accessible of arable land area to irrigation water yield carries out the multiplication to the irrigation water yield of unit area and calculates out soil water content. Correspondingly, besides the factors influencing the cultivated land area, other factors influence the irrigation water quantity by changing the water content of the soil, and further influence the volume of the water pumped out by the water pump. The relation between the above influencing factors and the soil humidity M is as follows:
Figure BDA0003444270890000061
further, the relation between the soil humidity M and the irrigation water volume V can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0003444270890000062
wherein k is1、k2、k3、k4All are proportionality coefficients.
Irrigation scheme k for planting various crops based on huge cultivated land areas of different crops and different crops in different seasons and different growth periods1、k2、k3、k4Are all different. Therefore, in order to accurately irrigate, the scheme utilizes a positioning technology to position the local area needing irrigation. According to the scheme, the Beidou satellite positioning system independently researched and developed in China is adopted, satellite positioning is carried out on part of cultivated land needing irrigation, and therefore cultivated land areas are divided for irrigation. The Beidou satellite positioning system is accurate in positioning and precise in time service, and can still provide all-weather high-precision satellite positioning service when the Beidou satellite positioning system is located in open fields, hillsides and other open zones. The Beidou terminal transmits signals to the ground receiver through a satellite, the ground receiver receives the satellite signals, then uses a TCP/IP protocol, transmits information to the cloud server through the Ethernet, and then transmits the information to the user mobile terminal, and a user can inquire the cultivated land position needing irrigation by opening map software installed in the mobile terminal. Because the farmland is in the zones of the field, the hillside and the like, the farmland position information can be sent to the ground receiver by using the Beidou short message communication service and the information is sent to the mobile terminal through satellite broadcasting aiming at the condition of no signal. That is to say, the positioning system is used for positioning, so that not only can a user conveniently and intuitively check the area needing irrigation on the mobile terminal, but also the area needing irrigation can be accurately irrigated through external irrigation facilities.
Because crops are planted in various types, different crops have different water requirements, for example, the irrigation water quantity of rice is far more than that of corn, and aiming at the problem of water requirement of different crops, the invention designs a motor driving circuit for primary irrigation of crops, and the working principle is as follows: the water pump needs to be connected with a motor, and the motor controls the pumping volume of the water pump through a motor driving circuit. The clean energy power supply system provides voltage pulse signals for a single chip microcomputer in the humidity threshold circuit, the rotating speed of a motor rotor is changed through the high and low levels of the voltage pulse signals, and the volume of water pumped by the water pump is larger when the rotating speed is higher. Meanwhile, the water flow sensor is added for accurately controlling the irrigation water flow, the water flow sensor detects the water flow in real time, and finally the single chip microcomputer controls when irrigation is finished through the relay.
Wherein, water lift irrigation system includes water pump, cistern, motor drive circuit and a plurality of pipeline. The water pump is connected with the motor, the motor is connected with the motor driving circuit, the single chip microcomputer changes the rotating speed of the motor rotor through the high and low levels of the voltage pulse signals, the volume of water pumped by the water pump is larger as the rotating speed is higher, and the water is pumped to the reservoir by the water pump. The reservoir passes through pipe connection outside irrigation facility, and water control system arranges between reservoir and outside irrigation facility. The water storage amount in the reservoir is preliminarily controlled through the motor, and then the water flow control system controls the water amount sprayed out through the external irrigation facilities more accurately, and the precision of accurate irrigation is guaranteed through dual control means.
The clean energy power supply system comprises clean power generation equipment, a super capacitor and an unloader, wherein the clean power generation equipment comprises one or more of a photovoltaic power generation board, a hydroelectric generator and a wind driven generator, the clean power generation equipment stores generated energy into the super capacitor, and the unloader is connected with the super capacitor and used for unloading redundant electric quantity so as to prevent the super capacitor from being overcharged. The clean energy power supply system provides electric energy for the water pump and electric equipment in the water quantity control system.
In this embodiment, the cloud platform control system includes a cloud server and a mobile terminal, and the cloud server backs up various parameters required for crop irrigation and adjusts the parameters adaptively according to changes in factors such as the growth period of crops, the types of crops, or climate conditions. Due to the fact that the variety of crops planted is various, the cloud platform needs to backup all and all data of the crops requiring water quantity, such as irrigation water quantity, maximum moisture absorption quantity and the like, and transmits parameters to the single chip microcomputer through the wireless module. The soil moisture sensor detects and transmits the parameter to the singlechip simultaneously after the soil water content, and the singlechip compares actual water content of soil and the theoretical water demand of crops to judge whether crops need irrigate, and then whether control pipeline valve need open.
The construction of the applet or the mobile phone APP aiming at the system is realized by means of cloud development service. The system is remotely controlled, the type of crops to be irrigated can be selected by operating the mobile terminal, the cloud server processes and analyzes received operation data, the operation data processed and analyzed by the cloud server can be inquired by the mobile terminal, the mobile terminal controls the operation state of the system according to the inquired operation data, and the mobile terminal can be operated at any time if irrigation is required to be stopped. The cloud server and the mobile terminal can realize automatic control of the lower computer and can also carry out remote control of the upper computer.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the irrigation system, the clean energy power supply system provides power for the whole irrigation system, the cloud server transmits crop parameters to be irrigated to the single chip microcomputer, for example, a theoretical requirement value of irrigation water volume of crops, and the soil humidity sensor transmits actual soil water content data to the single chip microcomputer, so that the soil humidity is affected by illumination intensity, precipitation and other factors, and accordingly, the water demand of crops can also change. The irrigation system utilizes the Beidou positioning to determine the position of cultivated land needing irrigation and transmits the cultivated land to the mobile terminal through the cloud server. The singlechip judges through the data to cloud ware and soil moisture sensor transmission, judges whether crops need irrigate, then opens through relay control pipeline valve if needs, and then through the volume that motor drive circuit tentatively controlled the water pump lifted water, and water flow sensor detects the discharge size of the pipeline of flowing through, and when the water yield that flows through reached the water yield size that cloud ware transmitted to the singlechip, the singlechip closed the pipeline valve through control relay, irrigates the end. The mobile terminal transmits data to the cloud server, uses a Hongmon system-based flower as the mobile terminal, and can realize multi-device cooperative remote control only by logging in the same flower as an account.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A clean energy farmland irrigation system based on a water flow sensor is characterized by comprising a water flow control system, a clean energy power supply system, a water lifting irrigation system and a cloud platform control system, wherein the water flow control system comprises a controller, the water flow sensor and a soil humidity sensor, the water flow sensor and the soil humidity sensor are both connected with the controller, and the controller is connected with the cloud platform control system; cloud platform control system is arranged in transmitting theoretical water demand to the controller, and soil moisture sensor is used for gathering soil moisture and transmits for the controller, and water flow sensor is arranged in gathering the water yield of flowing through in the pipeline, and the controller calculates the soil water content according to soil moisture to confirm whether start the irrigation system that lifts water according to the difference between soil water content and the theoretical water demand, and whether close the irrigation system that lifts water according to the water yield of gathering.
2. The clean energy farm irrigation system based on the water flow sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water flow control system further comprises a plurality of pipes, pipe valves and relays, the relays are connected with the controller, the pipe valves are connected with the relays, and the pipe valves are installed on the pipes.
3. The clean energy farmland irrigation system based on the water flow sensor of claim 1, wherein the water control system further comprises a liquid crystal display, the liquid crystal display being connected to the controller.
4. The clean energy farmland irrigation system based on the water flow sensor, according to claim 1, wherein the water pumping irrigation system comprises a water pump, a reservoir, a motor and a motor driving circuit, the water pump is connected with the motor, the motor is connected with the motor driving circuit, the controller is connected with the motor driving circuit, and the water pump pumps water to the reservoir through a pipeline.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the clean energy power supply system comprises a clean power generation device, a super capacitor and an unloader, the clean power generation device stores generated energy in the super capacitor, and the unloader is connected to the super capacitor.
6. The water flow sensor-based clean energy farm irrigation system according to claim 5, wherein the clean power generation equipment comprises one or more of photovoltaic panels, hydro generators, wind generators.
7. The clean energy farmland irrigation system based on the water flow sensor, according to claim 1, wherein the cloud platform control system comprises a cloud server and/or a mobile terminal, and when the cloud platform control system comprises the cloud server and the mobile terminal at the same time, the cloud server is in communication connection with the mobile terminal.
8. The clean energy farmland irrigation system based on the water flow sensor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a Beidou positioning system, wherein the Beidou positioning system is in communication connection with the cloud platform control system, and is used for positioning an area to be irrigated and transmitting the positioning result to the cloud platform control system.
9. The irrigation method of the water flow sensor-based clean energy farmland irrigation system according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
the cloud platform control system transmits the theoretical water demand parameter to the controller;
the soil humidity sensor collects soil humidity and transmits the soil humidity to the controller;
the controller calculates the soil moisture content according to the soil humidity, determines whether to start the water lifting irrigation system for lifting water according to the difference value between the soil moisture content and the theoretical water demand, starts the water lifting irrigation system for lifting water if the soil moisture content is the difference value, detects the water amount through the water flow sensor, closes the water lifting irrigation system if the water amount reaches the irrigation standard, and continues lifting water for irrigation if the water amount does not reach the irrigation standard; theoretical water demand
Figure FDA0003444270880000021
R is plant stream capacity, P is precipitation, C is illumination intensity, k1、k2、k3、k4All are proportionality coefficients.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of activating the lift irrigation system to lift water comprises: the relay controls the opening of the pipeline valve, and the motor driving circuit controls the water lifting amount of the water pump.
CN202111642947.9A 2021-12-29 2021-12-29 Clean energy farmland irrigation system and irrigation method based on water flow sensor Pending CN114532196A (en)

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CN115067196A (en) * 2022-08-03 2022-09-20 华北水利水电大学 Synchronous control method and system for multi-channel remote irrigation system
CN115067196B (en) * 2022-08-03 2024-03-19 华北水利水电大学 Synchronous control method and system for multipath remote irrigation system
CN116530398A (en) * 2023-05-05 2023-08-04 陕西理工大学 Detachable channel irrigation bucket gate, control system and control method
CN116530398B (en) * 2023-05-05 2024-06-21 陕西理工大学 Detachable channel irrigation bucket gate, control system and control method
CN117837477A (en) * 2023-12-13 2024-04-09 河海大学 Power generation and water lifting irrigation system

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Application publication date: 20220527