CN114522696A - 一种双效镍基催化剂的制备和应用 - Google Patents
一种双效镍基催化剂的制备和应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114522696A CN114522696A CN202011320068.XA CN202011320068A CN114522696A CN 114522696 A CN114522696 A CN 114522696A CN 202011320068 A CN202011320068 A CN 202011320068A CN 114522696 A CN114522696 A CN 114522696A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- double
- catalyst
- based catalyst
- nitrate
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910003158 γ-Al2O3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [La+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O FYDKNKUEBJQCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trinitrate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O PHFQLYPOURZARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YVBOZGOAVJZITM-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium phosphomolybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])=O.[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O YVBOZGOAVJZITM-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PDKHNCYLMVRIFV-UHFFFAOYSA-H molybdenum;hexachloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mo] PDKHNCYLMVRIFV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000008 nickel(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZULUUIKRFGGGTL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- QLOKJRIVRGCVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[(4-methylsulfanylphenyl)methyl]piperazine Chemical compound C1=CC(SC)=CC=C1CN1CCNCC1 QLOKJRIVRGCVIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K lanthanum(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[La](Cl)Cl ICAKDTKJOYSXGC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel tungsten Chemical group [Ni].[W] MOWMLACGTDMJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxopentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(O)=O JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- NHLCDRZGXQKFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCC)O.[Cu].[Ni] Chemical class C(CCCCCCC)O.[Cu].[Ni] NHLCDRZGXQKFPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 carbon primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940040102 levulinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/887—Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8871—Rare earth metals or actinides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/888—Tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种双效镍基催化剂的制备方法和应用,用于煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品加氢精制处理,主要解决现有煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品中烯烃和醛等不饱和组分含量较高,需要加氢精制的问题。该催化剂以镍和钼为活性组分,以γ‑Al2O3为载体,还含有一定量的其他助剂,采用分步沉积法制备,使其在高温和低温下具有不同的催化功能。一方面在低温条件下,能够饱和粗油品中的烯烃和醛,同时抑制醇的氢解,获得具有较高醇含量的产物,另一方面在高温条件下能够去除粗油品中大部分(>99%)的含氧化合物,得到主要是正构烷烃(>99%)的产物,能够实现煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品选择加氢生产油品(烷烃)或混合伯醇产品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种双效镍基催化剂的制备方法,及其在煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品加氢处理的应用,具体涉及通过分步沉积法,调节Ni-Mo活性组分和促进剂在不同温度下的相互作用效果,使催化剂在不同的温度条件下,具备不同的加氢作用,即一方面在高温高压条件下将费托合成高碳醇粗油品中的含氧化合物加氢脱除,另一方面在低温条件下将费托合成高碳醇粗油品中的烯烃和醛加氢饱和,并保留其中的醇,以实现灵活调节最终产品组成的目的。
背景技术
以合成气(CO和H2的混合气)为碳源,经费托合成途径一步制得油品(烷烃)和精细化学品(烯烃、醇、醛等)的过程,是煤炭清洁高效利用,以及降低我国石油对外依存度的重要技术。尤其是近年来,我国在煤炭清洁高效利用方面的大力推进,使煤制油和煤制高附加值化学品的基础研究和工业应用上都得到了重大进展,以神华宁煤400万吨/年煤制油项目为龙头,标志着我国煤制油行业正进入高速发展期。
但是,由于国际油价持续低迷,以及新能源的快速发展,研究人员逐渐将重点转向合成气高选择性直接制取精细化学品(烯烃、醇、醛等)的技术,以提高产物的附加值,拓宽企业的产品链,增强市场竞争力。其中,高碳醇产品指碳数大于2的混合醇类,广泛应用于增塑剂、洗涤剂、分散剂等领域,有很大的市场需求(全球~1500万吨/年)和很高的附加值(~10000元/吨)。煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品,根据催化剂选择性的不同,含有较多的组分,包括烷烃、烯烃、醇、醛、酸、酯和酮类等,因此必须通过加氢精制的方法处理,转化成比较单一的组分,才能进行下一步处理,得到最终的产品。
对于以合成清洁燃料、高品质蜡、润滑油基础油和高标号溶剂油等为目标产品的费托合成高碳醇过程,加氢精制步骤的主要任务,一方面需要将烯烃充分加氢饱和成为烷烃,另一方面需要去除其中的醇、醛和酸等含氧化合物,获得只含有正构/异构烷烃的产物,用于下一步加氢异构,得到最终产品。而对于以合成精细化学品,尤其是高碳/低碳伯醇(碳数大于2的混合醇),用于下游生产增塑剂、洗涤剂和分散剂等,加氢精制步骤的任务,则是将其中的烯烃、醛、酸、酯和酮类等加氢饱和成对应的烷烃和醇。同时抑制醇的氢解,获得只含有烷烃和醇的产物,用于下游精制分离工序。传统的费托合成高碳醇过程,主要生成油品,而中国科学院大连化学物理研究所经过多年工作积累,开发了两类具有相同物理结构,但选择性不同的催化剂,可以实现在同一个费托合成高碳醇浆态床反应器中,通过更换催化剂,实现在煤制油和煤制高碳醇二者之间的灵活转换。这就为下游的费托合成高碳醇粗产品加氢精制单元提出了要求,要求加氢催化剂在不同的反应条件下,既能加氢脱氧,生成烷烃,又能加氢饱和,抑制氢解,生成醇。目前所用的加氢精制催化剂均无法同时实现上述效果,因此开发一种适合于该体系的加氢催化剂是必要和迫切的。
现有的加氢精制催化剂,主要用于(1)油品的加氢精制,以Ni、Mo、Co、W等为主要的活性金属,加入一定的助剂,例如Cu、P、Mg等,负载于氧化铝、硅胶和分子筛等载体上,用于加氢脱硫、脱氮和脱金属等领域。例如专利CN101279279B公开了一种用于C6~C8烃化合物中间馏分及全馏分裂解汽油加氢的大孔容Ni催化剂,主要用于选择加氢除去其中的二烯烃和苯乙烯。专利CN103657670B公开了一种裂解汽油Ni系选择性加氢催化剂,具有介孔-大孔或双介孔复合孔道,以氧化铝为载体,Ni为主活性组分,Mo为助活性组分,金属氧化物为助剂,催化剂加氢反应活性好、选择性高,稳定性好。(2)化学品的加氢精制。例如专利CN102059121B公开了一种镧改性镍铜辛醇加氢精制催化剂及其制备和应用,通过镧改性降低催化剂活化温度,减少活性组分镍含量,同时提高催化剂活性和稳定性。专利CN108187730A公开了一种负载型复合金属-酸双功能催化剂,用于乙酰丙酸类平台分子加氢转化为多种附加值高的衍生物作为燃油和化学品。专利CN106540705B公开了一种氧化硅负载镍基的油脂加氢催化剂,用于将天然不饱和油脂加氢饱和成为饱和油脂。专利CN106807388B公开了一种石油树脂加氢催化剂的制备方法,采用价格低廉的Ni基催化剂,具有较强的烯烃、芳烃饱和能力,能有效地使石油树脂中含S、N、O等杂元素的有机化合物氢解,具有处理原料范围广,液体收率高、产品质量好等优点。专利CN106040255B公开了一种生物质油加氢脱氧催化剂及其制备方法,主活性组分为镍钨组合物,稀土金属及氟为助剂,所述催化剂分散介质为SiO2,优点在于使用一全新的镍钨组合物为主活性组分,本身具有介孔结构和较大的比表面积;另外,本发明催化剂采用溶胶凝胶、沉积沉淀及水热等混合方法制备,使得催化剂具有很高的比表面和孔容,进一步提高镍钨组合物的分散度,大大提高了催化剂的活性。而对于费托合成高碳醇粗油品的加氢精制,专利CN101733119B公开了一种费托合成高碳醇油加氢催化剂,主要由加氢活性组分氧化镍和氧化钨或氧化钼以及载体组成,其中通过添加助催化剂对其进行改性,所述的助催化剂是稀土金属元素La和Ce之一或其组合,或是非金属元素氟、磷和硼中的一种或其任意组合。
上述专利主要针对催化剂的单一作用进行优化,即提高催化剂油品加氢饱和的活性和稳定性。然而对于以合成醇为目标的合成气制高碳醇催化剂,催化剂需要实现多种效果,即能够通过外界输入条件(温度、压力等)的改变,调节其产物分布,一方面在高温高压下,能够使原料中的含氧化合物加氢脱氧,生成烷烃,满足下游石脑油裂解和加氢异构生产汽柴油的要求;另一方面在低温下,能够只选择性的使原料中的烯烃和醛类、酯类加氢,使其转化为对应的烷烃和醇类,获得具有很高醇含量的产物,用于下游醇油分离获得高附加值的高碳醇产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供了一种新的用于煤基高碳醇粗油品加氢精制的双效Ni基催化剂、制备方法及其应用。在高温高压下能够使高碳醇粗油品中的烯烃和含氧化合物(包括醇、醛、酸和酯)加氢脱除,得到油品;在低温下能够使高碳醇粗油品中的不饱和组分(包括烯烃、醛和一部分酸)加氢饱和,获得具有包括醇和烷烃的产品,通过进一步醇油分离,获得高附加值的高碳醇产品。
本发明提供了一种双效镍基催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)配制Ni和Mo盐的混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到50~90℃;
(b)γ-Al2O3粉体加入水中,加热至50~90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料;
(c)将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,加入碱,调PH为10~13,使其在60~90℃下沉淀后,老化3~9小时,得到沉淀物A;
(d)将沉淀物A在200~600℃下焙烧3~12小时后,破碎成粉体,加入水中,加热至50~90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B;
(e)配制促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到50~90℃;
(f)将促进剂盐类水溶液与浆料B混合,加入碱,调PH为10~13,使其在60~90℃下沉淀,然后老化3~9小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体;
(g)双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中80-120℃干燥后,300~600℃焙烧3~12小时,粉碎后成型,得到双效镍基催化剂成品。
上述制备方法,所述Ni的盐类为氯化镍、硝酸镍、碱式碳酸镍中的一种或二种以上,所述Mo的盐类为磷钼酸铵、钼酸铵、氯化钼中的一种或二种以上;
所述的促进剂为硝酸锰、乙酸锰、铬酸钾、硝酸铬、硝酸镧、硝酸铈、氯化镧、氯化铈、偏钨酸铵、钨酸铵、磷钨酸、氯化铁、硝酸亚铁、硝酸铁、硼酸中的一种或或二种以上的混合物;
所用载体γ-Al2O3细粉的特征尺寸为5~100μm,优选10~40μm;孔径分布在2~50nm,优选4~20nm;孔容为0.2~2.0ml/g,优选0.8~1.3mg/g,比表面为50~400m2/g,优选100~300m2/g。
所用碱溶液为氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、氨水、尿素中的一种或二种以上。
所述制备的催化剂以镍和钼为活性组分,γ-Al2O3为载体,还含有一定量的促进剂;以催化剂的质量为100%计,镍含量以金属Ni计为10%~40%,钼含量以金属重量计为1%~10%,促进剂含量以金属计为1%~20%,剩余为γ-Al2O3载体;
所述的促进剂为锰、铬、镧、铈、钨、铁、硼中的一种或二种以上的混合物;
优选,以催化剂的质量为100%计,镍含量以金属Ni计为20%~30%;钼以金属Mo重量计为1~5%;促进剂含量以金属计为1%~10%,剩余为γ-Al2O3载体。成型后的双效镍基催化剂的形状为条形、三叶草形、四叶草形、球形、圆柱形和片形的一种或二种以上。
双效镍基催化剂使用前用氢气或氢气与氮气的混合气进行活化,活化条件为:活化温度为250~600℃;氢气压力为常压;氢气的浓度为10%~100%,其余为氮气;活化时间为1~20小时。当反应温度在100~250℃,反应压力在1~8MPa时,所得加氢产物为含有醇和烷烃的混合物;当反应温度在280~350℃,反应压力在6~8MPa时,所得加氢产物为烷烃。本发明主要解决现有煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品中烯烃和醛等不饱和组分含量较高,需要加氢精制的问题。该催化剂以镍和钼为活性组分,以γ-Al2O3为载体,还含有一定量的其他助剂,采用分步沉积法制备,使其在高温和低温下具有不同的催化功能。一方面在低温条件下,能够饱和粗油品中的烯烃和醛,同时抑制醇的氢解,获得具有较高醇含量的产物,另一方面在高温条件下能够去除粗油品中大部分(>99%)的含氧化合物,得到主要是正构烷烃(>99%)的产物,能够实现煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品选择加氢生产油品(烷烃)或混合伯醇产品。
具体实施方式
以下实施例将对本发明予以进一步的说明,但并不因此而限制本发明。
实施例1
按照Ni含量16%,Mo含量3%,称取硝酸镍和磷钼酸铵,配制成50毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到80℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入碳酸钠,调PH为10,使其在70℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体。加入150毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Fe和La的含量分别为2%和3%,称取硝酸亚铁和硝酸镧,配制成30毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的碳酸钠,调PH为10,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为16Ni-3Mo-2Fe-3La。
实施例2
按照Ni含量25%,Mo含量3%,称取碱式碳酸镍和磷钼酸铵,配制成70毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入碳酸钠,调PH为10,使其在70℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入170毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂W和La的含量分别为2%和3%,称取偏钨酸铵和硝酸镧,配制成20毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的碳酸钠,调PH为10,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为25Ni-3Mo-2W-3La。
实施例3
按照Ni含量30%,Mo含量3%,称取硝酸镍和磷钼酸铵,配制成100毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入碳酸钠,调PH为10,使其在70℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入200毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Cr和La的含量分别为2%和3%,称取硝酸铬和硝酸镧,配制成30毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的碳酸钠,调PH为10,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为25Ni-3Mo-2Cr-3La。
实施例4
按照Ni含量20%,Mo含量5%,称取氯化镍和磷钼酸铵,配制成60毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入氢氧化钠,调PH为10,使其在70℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入160毫升水,加热至70℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Mn和Ce的含量分别为3%和4%,称取硝酸锰和硝酸铈,配制成50毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的氢氧化钠,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为20Ni-5Mo-3Mn-4Ce。
实施例5
按照Ni含量25%,Mo含量4%,称取硝酸镍和钼酸铵,配制成70毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为300m2/g,孔容1.2cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为10μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入氢氧化钠,调PH为13,使其在90℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入170毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Cr和La的含量分别为2%和5%,称取硝酸铬和硝酸镧,配制成70毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的氢氧化钠,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为25Ni-4Mo-2Cr-5La。
实施例6
按照Ni含量35%,Mo含量8%,称取硝酸镍和钼酸铵,配制成120毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为300m2/g,孔容1.2cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为10μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入氢氧化钾,调PH为13,使其在90℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入250毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Mn和La的含量分别为4%和6%,称取硝酸锰和硝酸镧,配制成60毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的氢氧化钾,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为35Ni-8Mo-4Mn-6La。
实施例7
按照Ni含量25%,Mo含量4%,称取硝酸镍和钼酸铵,配制成80毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入氨水,调PH为13,使其在90℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入180毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂W和Ce的含量分别为2%和4%,称取偏钨酸铵和硝酸铈,配制成30毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的氨水,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后挤条成3mm直径的条状,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为25Ni-4Mo-2W-4Ce。
实施例8
按照Ni含量25%,Mo含量4%,称取硝酸镍和钼酸铵,配制成50毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到70℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入氨水,调PH为13,使其在90℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入150毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Fe和La的含量分别为2%和4%,称取硝酸铁和硝酸镧,配制成30毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的氨水,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后滚球成3mm直径的球形颗粒,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为25Ni-4Mo-2Fe-4La。
实施例9
按照Ni含量25%,Mo含量4%,称取硝酸镍和氯化钼,配制成50毫升混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到80℃。称取30克比表面积为200m2/g,孔容0.8cc/g,平均孔径5nm,粒度为40μm的细粉γ-Al2O3,加入100毫升水,加热至80℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料。将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,搅拌均匀后,加入氨水,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,老化5小时,得到沉淀物A。将沉淀物A在500℃下焙烧6小时后,破碎成粉体,加入100毫升水,加热至90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B。
按照促进剂Mn和La的含量分别为2%和4%,称取硝酸铁和硝酸镧,配制成30毫升促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到80℃;将该水溶液与浆料B混合,加入一定量的氨水,调PH为13,使其在80℃下沉淀,然后老化6小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体。该双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中120℃干燥后,500℃焙烧8小时,粉碎后滚球成3mm直径的球形颗粒,得到双效镍基催化剂成品,编号为25Ni-4Mo-2Mn-4La。
对比例1
采用常规浸渍法,将15.6克硝酸镍、1.63克钼酸铵、1.30克硝酸锰和2.49克硝酸镧溶于水中,配成10毫升溶液,称取13克比表面积150m2/g,孔容0.7cc/g,直径3mm的氧化铝球,将溶液等体积浸渍于氧化铝载体上,阴干后,120度烘干。
催化剂性能测试。反应器直径9mm,催化剂装量2ml,反应压力6.0MPa,反应温度分别为150℃、200℃、250℃和350℃,测试高碳醇粗油品中各组分在不同温度下的转化率和选择性。液体体积空速6h-1,气体体积空速1500h-1。产物用安捷伦GC8890气相色谱分析,FID检测器,HP-5毛细柱。评价结果见表2。
表1给出了高碳醇粗油品原料中的各组分含量。
表1高碳醇粗油品原料中各组分含量
从实施例和对比例的结果看,采用常规浸渍法制备的催化剂,也具有很好的加氢活性,能够将烯烃和醛高效率的加氢转化。但是由于其加氢效果过强,在低温条件下仍有一部分醇被加氢去除,无法达到低温条件下保留醇的目的。因此,本发明提供的双效Ni基催化剂,比常规Ni基催化剂更适用于煤基高碳醇粗油品的加氢精制应用。
表2双效Ni基催化剂(实施例)和普通负载Ni催化剂在不同温度和压力下各产物转化率
Claims (10)
1.一种双效镍基催化剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)配制Ni和Mo盐的混合水溶液,搅匀,加热到50~90℃;
(b)γ-Al2O3粉体加入水中,加热至50~90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料;
(c)将Ni和Mo的混合水溶液与γ-Al2O3浆料混合,加入碱,调PH为10~13,使其在60~90℃下沉淀后,老化3~9小时,得到沉淀物A;
(d)将沉淀物A在200~600℃下焙烧3~12小时后,破碎成粉体,加入水中,加热至50~90℃,搅拌制成均匀浆料B;
(e)配制促进剂盐类水溶液,并加热到50~90℃;
(f)将促进剂盐类水溶液与浆料B混合,加入碱,调PH为10~13,使其在60~90℃下沉淀,然后老化3~9小时,得到双效镍基催化剂前驱体;
(g)双效镍基催化剂前驱体,在空气中80-120℃干燥后,300~600℃焙烧3~12小时,粉碎后成型,得到双效镍基催化剂成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述Ni的盐类为氯化镍、硝酸镍、碱式碳酸镍中的一种或二种以上,所述Mo的盐类为磷钼酸铵、钼酸铵、氯化钼中的一种或二种以上;
所述的促进剂为硝酸锰、乙酸锰、铬酸钾、硝酸铬、硝酸镧、硝酸铈、氯化镧、氯化铈、偏钨酸铵、钨酸铵、磷钨酸、氯化铁、硝酸亚铁、硝酸铁、硼酸中的一种或或二种以上的混合物;
所用载体γ-Al2O3细粉的特征尺寸为5~100μm,优选10~40μm;孔径分布在2~50nm,优选4~20nm;孔容为0.2~2.0ml/g,优选0.8~1.3mg/g,比表面为50~400m2/g,优选100~300m2/g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所用碱溶液为氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、氨水、尿素中的一种或二种以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备的催化剂以镍和钼为活性组分,γ-Al2O3为载体,还含有一定量的促进剂;
以催化剂的质量为100%计,镍含量以金属Ni计为10%~40%,钼含量以金属重量计为1%~10%,促进剂含量以金属计为1%~20%,剩余为γ-Al2O3载体;
所述的促进剂为锰、铬、镧、铈、钨、铁、硼中的一种或二种以上的混合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,优选,以催化剂的质量为100%计,镍含量以金属Ni计为20%~30%;钼以金属Mo重量计为1~5%;促进剂含量以金属计为1%~10%,剩余为γ-Al2O3载体。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,成型后的双效镍基催化剂的形状为条形、三叶草形、四叶草形、球形、圆柱形和片形的一种或二种以上。
7.一种权利要求1-6任一所述制备方法制备得到的双效镍基催化剂。
8.一种权利要求7所述的双效镍基催化剂在催化煤基费托合成高碳醇粗油品加氢处理中的应用。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用,其特征在于,双效镍基催化剂使用前用氢气或氢气与氮气的混合气进行活化,活化条件为:活化温度为250~600℃;氢气压力为常压;氢气的浓度为10%~100%,其余为氮气;活化时间为1~20小时。
10.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于,
当反应温度在100~250℃,反应压力在1~8MPa时,所得加氢产物为含有醇和烷烃的混合物;
当反应温度在280~350℃,反应压力在6~8MPa时,所得加氢产物为烷烃。
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GB785158A (en) * | 1954-12-21 | 1957-10-23 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Methods of preparing hydrofining catalysts and processes for using same |
CN1597859A (zh) * | 2004-07-21 | 2005-03-23 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 费托合成油品加氢脱氧和烯烃饱和的催化剂及制法和应用 |
CN101733119A (zh) * | 2008-11-25 | 2010-06-16 | 中科合成油技术有限公司 | 一种用于费托合成油加氢的催化剂、其制备方法和应用 |
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