CN114521697A - Pollination clothes and method for assisting melon breeding personnel in working by using pollination clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, and discloses a pollination garment which comprises an apron body (1), wherein a hook (5) for placing a towel, a pencil placing bag (6) for placing tweezers and pencils, a tweezers placing bag (7), a spray disinfection bottle placing bag (8) for placing a spray disinfection bottle and male flowers, a male flower placing bag (9), a white hanging tag placing bag (10) for placing clips, hanging tags and paper caps, a white paper cap placing bag (11), a clip placing bag (12), a red hanging tag placing bag (13) and a red paper cap placing bag (14) are sequentially arranged from the upper part to the lower part of the apron body. Also disclosed is a method of using the pollination seed coat to assist melon breeders in working. This pollination clothing portable various instruments use this pollination clothing supplementary pollination work can reduce the staff number of times of bowing, reduces pollination operating time, improves pollination work efficiency.

Description

Pollination clothes and method for assisting melon breeding personnel in working by using pollination clothes

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a garment for agricultural pollination, in particular to a pollination garment for assisting melon breeding personnel in working and a method for assisting melon breeding personnel in working by using the pollination garment.

Background

The apron is worn by people in kitchen and in household to prevent the clothes from being dirty. In addition, in agriculture, when the plants are manually castrated and pollinated, aprons are also used, which are called pollination clothes.

The cultivation history of the melons in China is long, and the cultivation area and the yield of the melons are at the top of the world at present. The muskmelon belongs to high-grade fruits, is an important horticultural economic crop, and has the advantages of short cultivation period, high input-output rate and the like. Nearly hundred scientific research units are engaged in melon breeding research in the whole country, and pollination is common work content in melon breeding and seed production processes. The pollination work is characterized by the following (1) carrying a plurality of tools. In the pollination process, a plurality of tools such as hanging tags, pencils, tweezers, spray disinfection bottles, clamps, paper caps and the like need to be carried. (2) The pollination efficiency is low. In traditional pollination work, need use plastic bag or little cask to carry the pollination instrument, because the instrument is more, twine very easily together, cause to use inconveniently, reduced pollination efficiency. (3) The working environment is severe. The muskmelon is cultivated in a facility, the pollination time is often the season with higher air temperature, and the environment in the facility is characterized by high temperature and high humidity, and pollinators sweat much and have strong discomfort, so that the muskmelon is not suitable for pollination for a long time. At present, no pollination clothes specially used for carrying tools for melon breeding pollinators exist in production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pollination clothing for assisting melon breeding personnel in working and a method for assisting melon breeding personnel in working by using the pollination clothing, aiming at the pain point of pollination work of melon breeding scientific researchers.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a pollination clothing of supplementary melon breeder's work, includes the apron body, from apron body upper portion to lower part four layers set gradually the couple of placing the towel, the pencil placing bag and the tweezers placing bag of placing tweezers and pencil, the spraying disinfection bottle placing bag and the male flower placing bag of placing spraying disinfection bottle and male flower to and place clip, hang tag, the white drop placing bag of paper cap, white paper cap placing bag, clip placing bag, red drop placing bag and red paper cap placing bag.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, four layers of thing structures are put various instruments of classification place, and are not crisscross mutually, can not take place the winding, portable and use, use plastic bag or little cask to carry the pollination and carry out the pollination during operation, need frequently bow to stand up, and pollination personnel intensity of labour is big, uses the pollination clothing can reduce the number of times of standing up of bowing, alleviates intensity of labour, and then reduces pollination operating time, improves pollination work efficiency.

Further, the lower surface of the hook bending section inclines outwards to be fixed with a fan, the fan comprises a fan motor and a fan main body, the fan motor is connected with the fan main body through a rotating shaft, a power supply and a switch are further fixed on the lower portion of the hook, and the fan motor, the power supply and the switch form a series circuit.

Through the technical scheme, the couple is placed to the towel, pollination personnel sweat during pollination many, can in time take the towel to wipe sweat, the setting of the fixed fan of couple lower part tilt outwards down can be given the towel that has sweat stain at any time and dry, the towel is dry with higher speed, avoid the pollination clothing on the one hand overweight, on the other hand rapid draing's towel is good to wipe sweat for the staff once more, improve the travelling comfort of staff's work and the travelling comfort of wearing the pollination clothing, and then improve pollination personnel's work efficiency and work comfort level.

Furthermore, fan motor still establishes ties there are pressure sensor and pressure sensitive switch, and pressure sensor sets up on the crooked section of couple upper surface, and pressure sensitive switch sets up on the crooked section of couple. After the pressure sensor detects the pressure of the towel, when the pressure is larger than a certain value, the pressure sensitive switch is triggered to be closed, so that the serial loop is electrified, the fan is started to dry the towel by blowing, and the real-time braking performance is high.

Further, a cover which is opened downwards is arranged below the bent section of the hook, the fan is installed in the cover, and the cover is made of waterproof materials. The waterproof cover can protect the fan, can not receive sweat to corrode, can also prevent dust, and is convenient to wash the hook even pollination clothing.

Furthermore, the rotating shaft is a telescopic rotating shaft, the bent section of the hook is provided with a microcontroller, the microcontroller is connected with the switch in series, when the series circuit is powered on, the microcontroller controls the rotating shaft to extend out of the cover, and when the series circuit is powered off, the microcontroller controls the rotating shaft to retract into the cover. When the rotating shaft extends out of the cover, the fan body also extends out of the cover, so that the air blown out by the fan is more diffused, and the towel can be better dried.

Furthermore, the telescopic rotating shaft comprises a fixed section fixed with the fan motor and a telescopic section which is inserted into the fixed section and can be telescopic relative to the fixed section, when the series circuit is electrified, the microcontroller controls the telescopic section of the rotating shaft to extend out of the cover, and when the series circuit is powered off, the microcontroller controls the telescopic section of the rotating shaft to retract into the cover; the corresponding positions of the front section of the fixed section and the rear section of the telescopic section are respectively provided with a first groove and a second groove, the two grooves are internally connected with a lug through a spring, the rotating shaft is in an extended state, the arc-shaped part of the lug is clamped into the first groove, and the main body of the fan is fixed at the front end of the telescopic section of the rotating shaft. The lug is fixed with the fixed section in order to stretch out and draw back the section when flexible section stretches out with the cooperation of recess two, and flexible section is relative fixed section when avoiding the pivot to rotate for the whole better rotation of pivot and then drive the fan main part and rotate and blow. The part of the lug clamped in the second groove is an arc part, so that after the loop is powered off, the telescopic section can retract into the fixed section under a small driving force and returns to the original non-powered state of the whole hook structure.

Further, the angle of inclination of the fan at the bent section of the hook is 30-60 degrees from the vertical plane. The fan is obliquely fixed on the bent section of the hook, so that the fan blows towards the towel main body, the fan is horizontally fixed outwards, the towel is easily blown down to the hook, the fan is vertically fixed downwards and can only blow to the edge of the towel, and therefore the angle of 30-60 degrees is selected to be the best fixed angle, and the towel can be better dried by blowing.

Further, the switch is a toggle switch or a push switch. The toggle switch or the push switch is simple and easy to operate.

Furthermore, the apron body is made of fabric with good water absorption. When pollinating people pollinate, the environment in the facility is high temperature and high humidity, the pollinating people sweat more, and the comfort of the human body can be improved by adopting the fabric with good water absorption.

The method for assisting melon breeders in working by using the pollination clothes comprises the following steps:

1) wearing a pollination clothes, placing various tools in the pollination clothes, then sleeving a neck hanging rope of the pollination clothes on the neck of a worker, buckling a left waist binding rope and a right waist binding rope around the waist, hanging a sweat wiping towel on a hook, and starting a switch on the hook;

2) clipping male flowers, clipping unopened male flowers with a clip one day before the male flowers bloom;

3) pollinating, removing buds of unopened amphoteric flowers with forceps, taking male flowers clamped in the previous day, removing petals of the male flowers with hands to expose stamens, and smearing amphoteric stigma with the stamens of the male flowers;

4) hanging a hanging tag, writing the strain name and the pollination date on the hanging tag by using a pencil, and hanging the hanging tag on the side branch where the amphoteric flowers are located;

5) the paper cap is sleeved on the amphoteric flower to prevent other insects such as bees and the like from entering;

6) sterilizing, and after pollination, spraying and sterilizing the front and back surfaces of the hands by using a spray sterilizing bottle.

Through the technical scheme, the pollination clothing assists scientific research personnel to work, melon breeding is carried out, the bending times of workers are reduced, compared with the time required by single pollination which is carried out by using a plastic bag or a small bucket for pollination and carried out by using a conventional pollination method, the time required by the pollination is reduced to be less than 65 seconds, the number of pollinations per hour is increased to be more than 55, the ring ratio efficiency is increased by 64.86% for the time required by the single pollination, and the number of pollinations per hour is increased by more than 191.11%.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the special pocket and the object placing structure are arranged, so that pollination tools are not easy to intertwine with each other, and the pollination tools are convenient to take and place; (2) the waist-binding rope adopts the buckling type snap fastener, the length can be adjusted according to the waist circumference, the waist-binding rope is more fit with the body of a pollinator, and the taking and the placing are more convenient; (3) due to the arrangement of the towel placing hook, when pollination is carried out, pollinators sweat more, the towels can be taken in time for wiping sweat, and meanwhile, the fan on the hook can blow air to the towels to accelerate drying, so that the towels can be conveniently used for wiping sweat again; (4) the tweezers and the pencil are arranged horizontally, and because the pen points of the tweezers and the pencil are relatively sharp, pollinators are not easy to be punctured by horizontally placing the tweezers and the pencil; (5) the special pocket for placing the male flowers is arranged, so that the male flowers are not easily extruded, the storage time is prolonged, and the operation of pollinators is facilitated; (6) the fabric with good water absorption is adopted, the environment in the facility is high temperature and high humidity when pollinators pollinate, and the pollinators sweat more, so that the comfort of the human body can be improved by adopting the fabric with good water absorption; (6) the pollination clothing provided by the invention is used for assisting scientific research personnel in breeding melons, so that the human body comfort is improved, the working efficiency is improved, the working time is shortened, and the working intensity is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pollination garment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the hanger;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixed section and the telescopic section of the rotating shaft of the fan motor;

figure 4 is a schematic view of a series circuit formed by the components of the hanger.

In the figure, 1, an apron body; 2. hanging a neck rope; 3. a left girdling rope; 301. a female pressing buckle; 4. a right girdling rope; 401. a sub-pressing button; 5. hooking; 501. a cover; 502. a fan main body; 503. a fixed section; 504. a fan motor; 505. a pressure sensor; 506. a power source; 507. a switch; 508. a telescopic section; 509. a pressure sensitive switch; 510. a microcontroller; 6. a pencil placing bag; 7. placing a bag with tweezers; 8. placing bags for disinfection bottles; 9. placing the male flower in a bag; 10. white drop placing bags; 11. placing a bag with a white paper cap; 12. placing a bag by a clip; 13. placing a bag for the red drop; 14. placing a bag on the red paper cap; 101. a first groove; 102. a second groove; 103. a spring; 104. and (4) a bump.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

As shown in fig. 1, the pollination clothes for assisting melon pollination work are designed, the pollination clothes comprise an apron body 1, a neck hanging rope 2 and a waist restraining rope, the neck hanging rope 2 is arranged on the upper portion of the apron body, the waist restraining rope comprises a left waist restraining rope 3 and a right waist restraining rope 4 which are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower portion of the apron body, and a plurality of female pressing buckles 301 and a plurality of male pressing buckles 401 are respectively arranged at the end portions of the left waist restraining rope 3 and the right waist restraining rope 4 along the length direction of the waist restraining ropes. The female button 301 may be provided on the right girdling strap 4, and the female button 401 may be provided on the left girdling strap 4. For convenient use, the neck hanging rope 2 can be an elastic rope, so that the neck can be conveniently sleeved with the neck. The apron body 1 is made of fabric with good water absorption.

According to the characteristics of melon pollination work, the functional partition is carried out, a special pocket and a storage structure are arranged, and a pollination tool is placed in the special pocket and the storage structure. The pollination clothes include apron body 1 of apron form promptly, will pollinate the design of apron body 1 and be the four layers: the first layer is a hook 5, a towel for wiping sweat can be placed on the hook, and the hooks are arranged in a plurality. The second layer is equipped with tweezers placing bag 7 and the pencil placing bag 6 of placing tweezers and pencil, and the width of tweezers placing bag 7 and pencil placing bag 6 is fit for horizontal object, sets up tweezers and pencil into horizontal, and the use is fixed tweezers placing bag 7 and 6 sack of pencil placing bag with elastic button, can not influence the bending over and stand up and stab the staff. The tweezers and the pencil are arranged horizontally, and the tips of the tweezers and the pencil are relatively sharp, so that pollinators are not easy to be punctured by horizontally placing the tweezers and the pencil. The width of the forceps holding bag 7 and the pencil holding bag 6 may preferably be about 15 cm. The third layer is equipped with spray disinfection bottle placing bag 8 and male flower placing bag 9 for place spray disinfection bottle and male flower, place spray disinfection bottle and erect in the left side and put, with the male flower setting on the right side, five independent small-mouth bags are built-in again to male flower placing bag 9, can place male flower mixture when pollinating in a large number, and the independent small-mouth bag is arranged in at the plastic cup with male flower when a small amount of male flower pollinates of a plurality of strains. The fourth layer is equipped with white drop placing bag 10, white paper cap placing bag 11, clip placing bag 12, red drop placing bag 13 and red paper cap placing bag 14 for place clip, drop, paper cap, set up five pockets, the clip is placed at the middle part, and the clip left side is white drop, white paper cap in proper order, and the clip right side uses this to be red drop, red paper cap.

5 independent small pockets are arranged in the male flower pocket, male flowers can be placed in a mixed mode when a large number of male flowers are pollinated, and the male flowers are placed in the independent small pockets in a plastic cup when a small number of male flowers of multiple strains are pollinated, so that cross infection is avoided. The parchment paper has pure paper quality, high strength, good transparency, no deformation, sun resistance, high temperature resistance and aging resistance, and can be durable when being used as a paper cap; the plastic label with the rope is simple and practical to use as the hangtag. The paper cap is 4cm long and 1.5cm wide and is made of parchment paper; the hanging tag is a plastic label with a rope, the length of which is 4.5cm and the width of which is 3 cm.

In order to blow dry sweat stains on the towel in time and improve the comfort of workers using the pollination clothes, a fan is obliquely fixed outwards on the lower surface of the bent section of each hook 5, and the inclination angle is 30-60 degrees from the vertical plane. The fan comprises a fan motor 504 and a fan main body 502, wherein the fan main body 502 is fixed at the front end of the rotating shaft of the fan motor 504, and a power supply 506 and a switch 507 are also fixed at the lower part of the hook 5. The power supply is a lithium ion rechargeable battery which can be charged for recycling, and the switch is a toggle switch or a push switch. The upper surface of the bent section of the hook 5 is also provided with a pressure sensor 505, the bent section of the hook 5 is provided with a pressure-sensitive switch 509 and a microcontroller 510, and the fan motor 504, the power supply 506, the switch 507, the pressure sensor 505, the pressure-sensitive switch 509 and the microcontroller 510 form a series circuit. Microcontroller 510 may be a commercially available Epson RX8130CE microcontroller. The pressure-sensitive switch 509 is switched on and off according to the pressure born by the hook 5, the pressure is high and is switched off when the pressure is low, and the pressure threshold is determined according to the weight of the towel used for daily pollination.

In order to prevent sweat from corroding the fan, a cover 501 which is open downwards is provided below the bent section of the hook 5, the fan is installed in the cover 501, and the cover 501 is made of a waterproof material.

The rotating shaft is a telescopic rotating shaft, the curved section of the hook 5 is provided with a microcontroller 510, the microcontroller 510 is connected with the switch 507 in series, when the series circuit is powered on, the microcontroller 510 controls the rotating shaft to extend out of the cover 501, and when the series circuit is powered off, the microcontroller 510 controls the rotating shaft to retract into the cover 501. The telescopic rotating shaft comprises a fixed section 503 fixed with the fan motor 504 and a telescopic section 508 inserted into the fixed section and capable of stretching relative to the fixed section, when the series circuit is powered on, the microcontroller 510 controls the telescopic section 508 of the rotating shaft to extend out of the cover 501, and when the series circuit is powered off, the microcontroller 510 controls the telescopic section 508 of the rotating shaft to retract into the cover 501; the front section of the fixed section 503 and the rear section of the telescopic section 508 are provided with a first groove 101 and a second groove 102 respectively, the second groove 102 is internally connected with a lug 104 through a spring 103, the rotating shaft is in an extended state, the arc-shaped part of the lug 104 is clamped in the first groove 101, and the fan main body 502 is fixed at the front end of the telescopic section 508 of the rotating shaft.

The invention also provides a method for assisting working of muskmelon breeding scientific researchers by using the pollination clothes, which comprises the following steps:

1) wearing a pollination coat, placing various tools in the pollination coat, then sleeving a neck hanging rope 2 of the pollination coat on the neck of a scientific research worker, buckling a left waist binding rope 3 and a right waist binding rope 4 around the waist, hanging a sweat wiping towel on a hook 5, and opening a switch 507 on the hook;

2) clipping male flowers, clipping unopened male flowers with a clip one day before the male flowers bloom;

3) pollinating, removing buds of unopened amphoteric flowers with forceps, taking male flowers clamped in the previous day, removing petals of the male flowers with hands to expose stamens, and smearing amphoteric stigma with the stamens of the male flowers;

4) hanging a hanging tag, writing the strain name and the pollination date on the hanging tag by using a pencil, and hanging the hanging tag on the side branch where the amphoteric flowers are located;

5) the paper cap is sleeved on the amphoteric flower to prevent other insects such as bees and the like from entering;

6) and (4) sterilizing, namely after pollination is finished, spraying and sterilizing the front and back surfaces of the two hands by using a spray sterilizing bottle.

When the towel is wiped with sweat, the weight of the towel is heavy, the pressure sensor 505 on the hook 5 senses the weight, the pressure sensitive switch 509 is controlled to be closed through the microcontroller 510, the serial loop is electrified, the microcontroller 510 firstly controls the telescopic section 508 of the rotating shaft of the fan to extend out of the cover 501, the fan body 502 is exposed out of the cover 501, and then the fan motor 504 operates to drive the rotating shaft to rotate so as to dry the towel by blowing. Because the plurality of hooks 5 are arranged, when the fan battery of the hook 5 is used up, a towel can be hung on the other hook 5, and the continuous operation of pollination workers is prevented from being influenced.

For selfing pollination, white hangtag and white paper cap are used; for backcross or cross pollination, red hang tags and red paper caps are used. In backcross or hybrid pollination, a castration step is also included between the steps of clamping the male flowers and pollinating, namely, buds of unopened amphoteric flowers are stripped by using forceps, then stamens of the amphoteric flowers are removed by using the forceps, and the male flowers adopted for pollination are the male flowers of backcross male parents or the male flowers of hybrid male parents.

In the using method, the specification of the tweezers is 12.5cm long, pointed and stainless steel tweezers. The specification of the spray disinfection bottle is 5cm in diameter and 15cm in height, and the disinfectant is 70% alcohol. The paper cap is 4cm long and 1.5cm wide and is made of parchment paper. The tag is a plastic label with a rope, the length of which is 4.5cm and the width of which is 3 cm. The pencil specification is 2B. The bag of pollination clothing mid-set structure can be designed according to the size of above-mentioned real object, and wherein the male flower bag is wider, conveniently places many male flowers once.

Example 1

Method for assisting muskmelon breeding personnel to work by using pollination clothes during strict selfing pollination of single plant

(1) And (5) wearing a pollination coat. Putting various tools in the pollination clothes, then sleeving a neck hanging rope 2 above the pollination clothes on a neck, and buckling a left and right waist binding ropes 4 below the pollination clothes by bypassing the waist; the towel for wiping sweat is hung on the hook 5, and the switch 507 on the hook 5 is turned on.

(2) Clipping male flowers. The day before the male flowers bloom, clamping the unopened male flowers of the single plant by using a clamp.

(3) And (5) pollination. Removing flower buds of unopened amphoteric flowers from single plants with forceps, taking the male flowers clamped in the previous day, removing the male flower petals with hands to expose the stamens, and smearing the amphoteric flower stigmas with the male flower stamens.

(4) And hanging a hang tag. The strain name and the pollination date are written on the hang tag, and the white hang tag is hung on the lateral branch where the amphoteric flower is located.

(5) And (5) wearing a paper cap. The white paper cap is sleeved on the amphoteric flower to prevent other insects such as bees and the like from entering.

(6) And (6) sterilizing. After pollination, the front and back sides of the hands are sprayed and disinfected by a spray disinfection bottle.

Compare in conventional pollination (use plastic bag or little cask to carry the pollination work), use the pollination clothing to carry out the pollination work and see table 1 to the improvement comparison of the strict selfing pollination efficiency of individual plant, can see out from the table, use behind the pollination clothing single pollination required time to reduce to 50 seconds from conventional 150 seconds, the ring ratio efficiency promotes 66.67%, pollination number improves to 72 from conventional 24 in every hour, the ring ratio promotes 200%.

TABLE 1 comparison of efficiency of strict selfing pollination of Individual plants

Strict selfing pollination of single plant	Time required for single pollination	Number of pollinations per hour
			Pollination clothes	50 seconds	72
Conventional pollination	150 seconds	24
			Efficiency improvement	66.67％	200.00％

Example 2

Method for assisting working of muskmelon breeding personnel by using pollination clothes during self-pollination among sister lines

(1) And (5) wearing a pollination coat. Putting various tools in the pollination clothes, then sleeving a neck hanging rope 2 above the pollination clothes on a neck, and buckling a left and right waist binding ropes 4 below the pollination clothes by bypassing the waist; the towel for wiping sweat is hung on the hook 5, and the switch 507 on the hook 5 is turned on.

(2) Clipping male flowers. The day before the male flowers bloom, the unopened male flowers of other single plants in the same strain are clamped by a clamp.

(3) And (5) pollination. Removing flower buds of unopened amphoteric flowers with forceps, taking unopened male flowers of other single plants in the same line clamped in the previous day, removing the male flower petals with hands to expose the stamens, and smearing amphoteric stigma with the male flower stamens.

(4) And hanging a hang tag. The strain name and the pollination date are written on the hang tag, sister cross is marked on the strain name, and the white hang tag is hung on the lateral branch of the amphoteric flower.

(5) And (5) wearing a paper cap. The white paper cap is sleeved on the amphoteric flower to prevent other insects such as bees and the like from entering.

(6) And (6) sterilizing. After pollination, the front and back sides of the hands are sprayed and disinfected by a spray disinfection bottle.

Compare in conventional pollination (use plastic bag or little cask to carry the pollination work), use the pollination clothing to carry out the improvement comparison of pollination work to self-pollination efficiency between sister lines and see table 2, can see out in the table, use behind the pollination clothing single pollination required time to reduce to 52 seconds from conventional 155 seconds, the ring ratio efficiency promotes 66.45%, pollination number improves to 70 from conventional 22 in every hour, the ring ratio promotes 218.18%.

TABLE 2 comparison of self-pollination efficiency between sister lines

Self-cross pollination between sister lines	Time required for single pollination	Number of pollinations per hour
			Pollination clothes	52 seconds	70
General pollination	155 second	22
			Efficiency improvement	66.45％	218.18％

Example 3

Method for assisting melon breeders in working by pollination clothes during backcross pollination

(1) And (5) wearing a pollination clothes. Various tools are placed in the pollination clothes, then the neck rope 2 hung above the pollination clothes is sleeved on the neck, and the left and right waist ropes 4 below the pollination clothes are buckled by going around the waist; the towel for wiping sweat is hung on the hook 5, and the switch 507 on the hook 5 is turned on.

(2) Clipping male flowers. One day before the male flowers bloom, the unopened male flowers of the backcrossed male parents are clamped by a clamp.

(3) And (4) castration. Buds of unopened amphoteric flowers are stripped off by using forceps, and then stamens of the amphoteric flowers are removed by using the forceps.

(4) Backcrossing and pollination. Taking the male flower of the backcrossed male parent clipped in the previous day, removing the petals of the male flower by hands to expose a stamen, and smearing the amphoteric stigma with the stamen of the male flower.

(5) And (5) hanging a hang tag. The backcross female parent and the backcross male parent and the pollination date are written on the hang tag, and the red hang tag is hung on the side branch where the bisexual flowers are located.

(6) And (5) wearing a paper cap. The red paper cap is sleeved on the amphoteric flower to prevent other insects such as bees and the like from entering.

(7) And (6) sterilizing. After pollination, the front and back sides of the hands are sprayed and disinfected by a spray disinfection bottle.

Compare in conventional pollination (use plastic bag or little cask to carry the pollination work), use the pollination clothing to carry out the pollination work and see table 3 to the improvement comparison of backcross pollination efficiency, can see out from the table, use behind the pollination clothing single pollination required time reduce to 60 seconds from conventional 180 seconds, the ring ratio efficiency promotes 66.67%, the number of pollinations per hour is improved to 60 from conventional 20, the ring ratio promotes 200%.

TABLE 3 comparison of backcross pollination efficiency

Backcross pollination	Time required for single pollination	Number of pollinations per hour
			Pollination clothes	60 seconds	60
General pollination	180 seconds	20
			Efficiency improvement	66.67％	200.00％

Example 4

Method for assisting muskmelon breeding personnel to work by using pollination clothes during small-amount hybridization matching pollination

(1) And (5) wearing a pollination clothes. And (5) wearing a pollination clothes. Putting various tools in the pollination clothes, then sleeving a neck hanging rope 2 above the pollination clothes on a neck, and buckling a left waist tying rope 3 and a right waist tying rope 4 below the pollination clothes by bypassing the waist; the towel for wiping sweat is hung on the hook 5, and the switch 507 on the hook 5 is turned on.

(2) Clipping male flowers. And (4) clamping unopened male flowers of different strains by clamps according to the number of matched groups one day before the male flowers of the hybrid male parent bloom. The male flowers of different lines are taken off before pollination, the male flowers of one line are placed in different plastic cups, and then the plastic cups are placed in the pockets of the male flowers.

(3) And (4) castration. Buds of unopened amphoteric flowers are stripped off by using forceps, and then stamens of the amphoteric flowers are removed by using the forceps.

(4) And (5) cross pollination. Taking the male flower clamped in the previous day, removing the male flower petals by hands to expose the stamens, and smearing the amphoteric stigma with the stamens of the male flower. The same strain is gathered together for pollination as much as possible, and is easy to harvest.

(5) And (5) wearing a paper cap. After pollination, the amphoteric flowers are covered with red paper caps.

(6) And hanging a hang tag. The female parent x the male parent and the pollination date are written on the hangtag, and the red hangtag is hung on the side branch where the bisexual flowers are located.

(7) And (5) sterilizing. When the pollination of the male flowers of one strain is finished and the male flowers of other strains need to be replaced, the front and back sides of the two hands are sprayed and disinfected by using a spray disinfection bottle.

Compared with conventional pollination (pollination work is carried by using a plastic bag or a small bucket), the improvement of the pollination efficiency of a small amount of hybridization matching groups is improved by using the pollination clothes, see table 4, and as can be seen from the table, the time required by single pollination after using the pollination clothes is reduced to 65 seconds from 185 seconds in the conventional way, the ring ratio efficiency is improved by 64.86%, the pollination number is improved to 55 from 19 in the conventional way in each hour, and the ring ratio is improved by 189.47%.

TABLE 4 comparison of efficiency of minor hybridization group pollination

Small amount of hybridization and pollination	Time required for single pollination	Number of pollinations per hour
			Pollination clothes	65 seconds	55
Conventional pollination	185 seconds	19
			Efficiency improvement	64.86％	189.47％

Example 5

Method for assisting melon breeding personnel to work by using pollination clothes during mass hybrid pollination

(1) And (5) wearing a pollination clothes. And (5) wearing a pollination coat. Putting various tools in the pollination clothes, then sleeving a neck hanging rope 2 above the pollination clothes on a neck, and buckling a left waist tying rope 3 and a right waist tying rope 4 below the pollination clothes by bypassing the waist; the towel for wiping sweat is hung on the hook 5, and the switch 507 on the hook 5 is turned on.

(2) Clipping male flowers. One day before the male parent male flowers bloom, clamping unopened male flowers by using a clamp, and taking the male flowers clamped by the clamp during pollination. Or the male flowers are isolated by an insect-proof isolation net to ensure that the male flowers are not polluted, and the male flowers which are opened on the same day can be directly taken during pollination. The removed male flowers are placed in the pockets of the male flowers before pollination.

(3) And (4) castration. Buds of unopened amphoteric flowers are stripped off by using forceps, and then stamens of the amphoteric flowers are removed by using the forceps.

(4) And (5) cross pollination. Taking the male flowers clamped by the clamp on the previous day or taking the male flowers opened on the same day by taking isolation measures. The male flower petals are removed by hands, the stamens are exposed, and the amphoteric stigma is uniformly smeared with the stamens of the male flowers.

(5) And (5) wearing a paper cap. After pollination, the amphoteric flowers are covered with red paper caps.

(6) And hanging a hang tag. The female parent x male parent and the pollination date are written on the hangtag, and the red hangtag is hung on the lateral branch of the amphoteric flower.

(7) And (6) sterilizing. The same variety may not be sterilized during pollination. When a pollination variety is changed after pollination of one variety, the front and back sides of the two hands are sprayed and disinfected by a spray disinfection bottle.

Compared with conventional pollination (pollination work is carried by using a plastic bag or a small bucket), the improvement of the efficiency of mass hybrid pollination is compared by using the pollination clothes, see table 5, and the time required by using single pollination after the pollination clothes is reduced to 55 seconds from 160 seconds, the ring ratio efficiency is improved by 65.63%, the pollination number is improved to 65.5 from 22.5 in the routine, and the ring ratio is improved by 191.11%.

TABLE 5 comparison of efficiency of bulk hybrid pollination

Mass hybridization pollination	Time required for single pollination	Number of pollinations per hour
			Pollination clothes	55 seconds	65.5
Conventional pollination	160 seconds	22.5
			Efficiency improvement	65.63％	191.11％

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a pollination clothing, includes apron body (1), its characterized in that, from apron body upper portion to lower part four layers set gradually place couple (5) of placing the towel, place pencil placing bag (6) and tweezers placing bag (7) of tweezers and pencil, place spraying disinfection bottle placing bag (8) and the male flower placing bag (9) of spraying disinfection bottle and male flower to and place clip, hang tag, white hang tag placing bag (10) of paper cap, white paper cap placing bag (11), clip placing bag (12), red hang tag placing bag (13) and red paper cap placing bag (14).

2. The pollination clothes of claim 1, wherein a fan is obliquely fixed on the lower surface of the bent section of the hook (5) outwards, the fan comprises a fan motor (504) and a fan main body (502), the rotating shaft of the fan motor (504) is fixedly connected with the fan main body (502), a power supply (506) and a switch (507) are further fixed on the lower portion of the hook (5), and the fan motor (504), the power supply (506) and the switch (507) form a series circuit.

3. The pollination clothes of claim 2, wherein the fan motor (504) is also connected in series with a pressure sensor (505) and a pressure sensitive switch (509), the pressure sensor (505) is arranged on the upper surface of the bent section of the hook (5), and the pressure sensitive switch is arranged on the bent section of the hook.

4. The pollination clothes of claim 2, wherein a cover (501) which is open downwards is arranged below the bent section of the hook (5), the fan is installed in the cover (501), and the cover (501) is made of waterproof material.

5. The pollination clothes of claim 2, wherein the rotating shaft is a telescopic rotating shaft, the curved section of the hook (5) is provided with a microcontroller (510), the microcontroller (510) is connected with a switch (507) in series, when a series circuit is in a power-on state, the microcontroller (510) controls the rotating shaft to extend out of the cover (501), and when a series circuit is in a power-off state, the microcontroller (510) controls the rotating shaft to retract into the cover (501).

6. The pollination clothes of claim 5, wherein the retractable shaft comprises a fixed section (503) fixed with the fan motor (504) and a retractable section (508) inserted into the fixed section and retractable relative to the fixed section, when the series circuit is in a power-on state, the microcontroller (510) controls the retractable section (508) of the shaft to extend out of the cover, and when the series circuit is in a power-off state, the microcontroller (510) controls the retractable section (508) of the shaft to retract into the cover; the front section of the fixed section (503) and the rear section of the telescopic section (508) are respectively provided with a first groove (101) and a second groove (102), the second groove (102) is internally connected with a lug (104) through a spring (103), the rotating shaft is in an extended state, the arc-shaped part of the lug (104) is clamped into the first groove (101), and the fan main body (502) is fixed at the front end of the telescopic section (508) of the rotating shaft.

7. The pollination coat of claim 2, wherein the fan is inclined at the curved section of the hook at a fixed angle of 30-60 degrees from vertical.

8. The pollination garment of claim 2, wherein the switch is a toggle switch or a push switch.

9. The pollination clothes for assisting melon breeders in working according to claim 1, wherein the apron body is made of fabric with good water absorption.

10. Method for assisting melon breeders in working with the pollination clothes of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the following steps:

1) wearing a pollination coat, placing various tools in the pollination coat, then sleeving a neck hanging rope (2) of the pollination coat on the neck of a breeding person, buckling a left waist tying rope (3) and a right waist tying rope (4) around the waist, hanging a towel for wiping sweat on a hook (5), and opening a switch (507) on the hook (5);

2) clipping male flowers, clipping unopened male flowers with a clip one day before the male flowers bloom;

3) pollinating, removing buds of unopened amphoteric flowers with forceps, taking male flowers clamped in the previous day, removing petals of the male flowers with hands to expose stamens, and smearing amphoteric stigma with the stamens of the male flowers;

4) hanging a hanging tag, writing the strain name and the pollination date on the hanging tag by using a pencil, and hanging the hanging tag on the side branch where the amphoteric flowers are located;

5) the paper cap is sleeved on the amphoteric flower to prevent other insects such as bees and the like from entering;

6) sterilizing, and after pollination, spraying and sterilizing the front and back surfaces of the hands by using a spray sterilizing bottle.

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