CN114517226B - Axl作为宫腔粘连诊断和治疗靶点的应用 - Google Patents

Axl作为宫腔粘连诊断和治疗靶点的应用 Download PDF

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CN114517226B
CN114517226B CN202111598704.XA CN202111598704A CN114517226B CN 114517226 B CN114517226 B CN 114517226B CN 202111598704 A CN202111598704 A CN 202111598704A CN 114517226 B CN114517226 B CN 114517226B
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胡娅莉
赵光锋
吕海宁
李若天
戴建武
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Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital
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Abstract

本发明公开了AXL作为宫腔粘连诊断和治疗靶点的应用。我们发现宫腔粘连患者子宫内膜疤痕组织中AXL表达显著升高、活性增加,使间质细胞α‑SMA、Collagen 1表达增加,进而促进间质细胞向肌成纤维细胞转分化,加快了内膜纤维化进程。人原代子宫内膜间质细胞实验和小鼠体内实验表明应用Bemcentinib可阻止肌成纤维细胞的转分化、改善小鼠内膜纤维化、提高妊娠率和活仔率。因此AXL在宫腔粘连诊断可能发挥重要作用,可用于疾病的诊断;其抑制剂可以应用于治疗宫腔粘连的药物。

Description

AXL作为宫腔粘连诊断和治疗靶点的应用
技术领域
本发明属于药物领域,涉及AXL作为宫腔粘连诊断和治疗靶点的应用。
背景技术
宫腔粘连(IUA),或称Asherman综合征,是由多种因素引起子宫内膜基底层损伤,功能层再生修复障碍,形成以内膜纤维化为特征的子宫壁间粘连。IUA是子宫性不孕症最常见的原因,在不孕症患者中占比高达25-30%;在我国,随着宫腔手术特别是无痛人流数量的上升,宫腔粘连及子宫内膜纤维化的发生率明显增高。目前主要的诊断是宫腔镜下观察子宫内膜纤维化和粘连程度,首选的治疗方式是宫腔镜下粘连分离术,并放置宫内节育器或球囊或生物材料阻隔子宫前后壁,预防再粘连。但是宫腔镜诊断会给患者带来一定痛苦和再次伤害,且这些治疗方式对重度宫腔粘连的疗效不佳,再粘连的发生率仍高达62.5%,造成妊娠率、活产率的显著下降。因此,亟待寻找有效的诊断、分型及治疗的方法。
AXL作为受体酪氨酸激酶TAM家族之一,广泛表达于上皮、间质、造血细胞系中,主要配体为GAS6。AXL蛋白有6个磷酸化位点,其中三个N末端酪氨酸残基(Tyr779、Tyr821和Tyr866)与自身磷酸化及AXL蛋白活化有关。已报道AXL在肿瘤生长、转移、侵袭、EMT、血管生成、耐药性、免疫调节和干细胞维持中具有重要作用,Bemcentinib是一种强效、口服、高度选择性AXL抑制剂,靶向并结合AXL受体酪氨酸激酶的细胞内催化激酶结构域并抑制其活性。目前AXL是否参与宫腔粘连的发生发展或使用Bemcentinib是否可以治疗宫腔粘连未见报道。我们通过高通量测序数据、实验验证发现AXL在宫腔粘连病人组织中异常活化,但其功能在子宫内膜中还未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供AXL作为宫腔粘连诊断标志物的应用。
本发明的另一目的是Bemcentinib作为宫腔粘连治疗药物的应用。
本发明的目的可通过以下技术方案实现:
AXL作为宫腔粘连诊断标志物在制备诊断因子宫纤维化引起的疾病的试剂中的应用;所述的子宫内膜纤维化引起的疾病包括宫腔粘连或子宫内膜疤痕化或由此导致的子宫性不孕、反复流产及胎盘植入。
按照美国生殖协会(AFS)1988年分类标准,宫腔粘连患者分为轻、中和重度。依据子宫内膜纤维化占宫腔面积(1=<1/3,2=1/3-2/3,4=>2/3)、粘连程度(1=薄膜状,2=薄膜状或致密粘连,4=致密粘连)及月经量(0=正常月经,2=月经过少,4=无月经)评分,1-4分为轻度患者,5-8分为中度患者,9-12分为重度患者。不同程度的宫腔粘连患者子宫内膜中AXL的表达水平有差异,而AXL在重度患者子宫内膜中特异性高表达,从而可根据AXL表达量来达到诊断重度宫腔粘连的目的。
Bemcentinib作为治疗因子宫纤维化引起的疾病的药物的应用;所述的子宫内膜纤维化引起的疾病包括宫腔粘连或子宫内膜疤痕化或由此导致的子宫性不孕、反复流产及胎盘植入。
检测AXL的试剂在制备因子宫纤维化引起的疾病的诊断试剂中的应用;所述的子宫内膜纤维化引起的疾病包括宫腔粘连或子宫内膜疤痕化或由此导致的子宫性不孕、反复流产及胎盘植入。
检测AXL的试剂优选在制备宫腔粘连诊断试剂中的应用,进一步优选在制备重度宫腔粘连诊断试剂中的应用。
所述的检测AXL的试剂优选自:PCR或qPCR引物、抗体。
一种重度宫腔粘连诊断试剂,包含检测AXL的试剂;优选包含检测AXL表达量的PCR或qPCR引物、抗体。
一种治疗宫腔粘连的药物——Bemcentinib,该药物为AXL高度特异性抑制。
本发明中所述的宫腔粘连指由于子宫内膜基底层损伤,功能层再生修复障碍,形成以内膜纤维化为特征的子宫壁间粘连。
有益效果:
我们发现宫腔粘连患者子宫内膜疤痕组织中AXL表达显著升高、活性增加,使间质细胞α-SMA、Collagen 1表达增加,进而促进间质细胞向肌成纤维细胞转分化,加快了内膜纤维化进程。人原代子宫内膜间质细胞实验和小鼠体内实验表明应用Bemcentinib可阻止肌成纤维细胞的转分化、改善小鼠内膜纤维化、提高妊娠率和活仔率。因此AXL在宫腔粘连诊断可能发挥重要作用,可用于疾病的诊断;其抑制剂Bemcentinib可以应用于治疗宫腔粘连的药物。
附图说明
图1、免疫荧光双标共染检测正常人和宫腔粘连组织切片AXL(绿色)与间质标志物CD10(红色)的表达,发现AXL主要表达于子宫内膜间质,且在宫腔粘连病人内膜中表达明显增多。
图2、用AXL配体GAS6处理内膜间质细胞,检测间质细胞功能改变。A:用不同浓度GAS6处理间质细胞72h后,Western blotting检测AXL活化增加及α-SMA、Collagen 1表达增多;B:用50ng/mL GAS6处理间质细胞12、24、48、72h后,Western blotting检测AXL活化(p-AXL)增加及α-SMA、Collagen 1表达增多。C:使用1μM Bemcentinib处理间质细胞后再用GAS6蛋白刺激间质细胞72h后,Western blotting检测α-SMA、Collagen 1表达相对于未用Bemcentinib明显减少。图3、小鼠实验检测口服Bemcentinib治疗宫腔粘连内膜纤维化的疗效。A:小鼠造模及用Bemcentinib治疗策略;B:使用Bemcentinib后免疫荧光染色显示小鼠子宫内膜AXL、Collagen 1表达减少,马松染色表明内膜中胶原沉积明显减少;C:口服Bemcentinib后小鼠妊娠率和胎仔率明显升高。p.o.:口服;BEM:Bemcentinib。
具体实施方式
实施例1AXL在宫腔粘连内膜纤维化组织中的表达情况。
1、材料,试剂,设备
1.1人子宫内膜组织来源
收集25例正常子宫内膜组织以及25例宫腔粘连综合征重度患者子宫内膜组织,获取子宫内膜组织时,通过超声检测卵泡大小,确保内膜组织获取阶段全部统一为增殖晚期阶段。所有参与者均签署了纸质版的知情同意书,并经过南京鼓楼医院伦理委员会批准。
1.2主要试剂
一抗:兔来源AXL和鼠来源CD10抗体、羊抗兔FITC荧光二抗、羊抗鼠PE荧光二抗、PBS缓冲液、DAPI
1.3主要仪器
恒温箱、避光孵育盒、荧光显微镜
1.4主要方法
子宫内膜组织免疫荧光
冰冻切片,PBS润洗,预冷甲醛处理5min,后PBS清洗,2%BSA封闭1h,加入一抗组合,4℃孵育过夜。PBS清洗,加入不同荧光标记的二抗,37℃孵育2h,PBST清洗后,DAPI核染,滴加防淬灭剂,封片,荧光显微镜下观察。
1.5统计学处理
用Graphpad prism软件对人子宫内膜AXL的免疫组化染色结果进行统计学分析,P<0.05认为差异有统计学意义。
2、结果
宫腔粘连子宫内膜组织切片AXL(绿色)与间质标志物CD10(红色)的表达有共定位,说明AXL主要表达于子宫内膜间质,且在宫腔粘连病人内膜中AXL表达明显增多。
实施例2:AXL对子宫内膜间质细胞向肌成纤维细胞分化的影响。
1、组织,材料,试剂,设备
1.1人子宫内膜组织来源
同实施例1。
1.2主要试剂
胶原酶(Sigma)、透明质酸酶(Sigma)、DNAase(Roche)、DMEM/F12培养基(Gibco)、血清(Gibco)、一抗(兔来源AXL、磷酸化AXL、α-SMA和Collagen1)、HRP标记的抗兔二抗、蛋白裂解液、磷酸化酶抑制剂、蛋白酶抑制剂、上样缓冲液、脱脂奶粉。
1.3主要仪器
细胞培养箱、摇床、Western blotting电泳转膜设备。
1.4主要方法
1.4.1原代子宫内膜间质细胞和上皮细胞分离培养
将内膜组织用无菌眼科剪和镊子剪碎组织,至组织无肉眼可见块状,加入配置好的消化液(DNA酶+胶原酶+透明质酸酶),吹打混匀,37℃培养箱中消化3min后在镜下观察是否有腺体释放,若已有单个腺体分散沉淀,则加入2ml间质细胞培养液终止消化,用40μm的筛子过滤至50ml离心管,即得间质细胞,用间质培养基重悬,铺至10cm培养皿中,将间质细胞传至子2代后均匀铺至24孔板用于实验。
1.4.2细胞中蛋白的提取和Western blot检测
将细胞于-80℃冰箱取出后放入不含RNA酶和DNA酶的EP管中,加入400μL细胞裂解液后在匀浆机上进行匀浆(条件为6000rpm、1min),待充分匀浆后冰上孵育15分钟,然后离心(条件为:4℃、12000rpm、20min)。将调整至目标浓度的蛋白加入5x电泳加样缓冲液,在金属浴中99℃5分钟,使蛋白充分变性。将变性后的蛋白加入已配好的6-10%SDS-PAGE胶上进行电泳,随后采用湿转法将蛋白转移至PVDF膜(100V,60min)上,用5%脱脂牛奶常温封闭1小时,加入一抗过夜。次日用TBST(TBS+0.1%吐温-20)洗膜,10min一次,共洗3次后,加入相应的HRP标记的二抗室温孵育60min。再次洗膜,方法同前。最后用增强化学发光法检测相应蛋白的表达水平。
2.结果
GAS6处理间质细胞可引起AXL活化、α-SMA、Collagen 1表达随时间和剂量依赖性增加。使用1μM Bemcentinib处理间质细胞后再用GAS6蛋白刺激间质细胞72h后,Westernblotting检测α-SMA、Collagen 1表达相对于未用Bemcentinib明显减少。
用Graphpad prism软件对人子宫内膜AXL的免疫组化染色结果进行统计学分析,绘制ROC曲线,AXL诊断宫腔粘连的ROC曲线图可以看出其对宫腔粘连具有诊断价值:Area为0.9238,面积标准误为0.0393,面积的95%CI为0.8467-1.0000,P value为0.0001(图4)。
实施例3:Bemcentinib对小鼠宫腔粘连内膜纤维化治疗效果的评估
1、材料,试剂,设备
1.1主要试剂
二甲苯、乙醇、一抗(兔来源AXL、Collagen 1)、羊抗兔FITC荧光二抗和羊抗兔PE荧光二抗、PBS缓冲液、DAPI、苏木素、Masson复核染色液、醋酸、磷钼酸、苯胺蓝。
1.2主要仪器
恒温箱、避光孵育盒、荧光显微镜
1.3主要方法
1.3.1构建子宫IUA小鼠模型:
IUA模型是在9-10周龄体重为18-20g的SPF级小鼠动情期时建立的,这个时期可对应于人类的晚期增殖阶段,通过阴道涂片显微镜下观察细胞形态确认。小鼠用异氟烷吸入性麻醉后,开腹显露子宫,在子宫颈上戳一个洞,用表面粗糙的针头搔刮整个宫腔约100次,直到子宫腔壁变得粗糙为止。五天后重复一次上述手术。Bemcentinib给药组于第一次手术后第七天开始,每两天通过灌胃方式给予一次Bemcentinib(80mg/kg),在第一次手术后的第16天左右,于小鼠动情期收集子宫组织。用于妊娠实验小鼠在第二次手术一周后与野生型小鼠交配,见栓记为妊娠0.5天。
1.3.2免疫荧光检测AXL和Collagen 1在小鼠子宫内膜中的表达改变:方法同前。1.3.3马松染色检测小鼠子宫内膜胶原沉积的改变:
石蜡切片脱蜡至水,苏木素染胞核10分钟后水洗、分化、返蓝,入Masson复核染色液染色15分钟,0.2%醋酸速洗3秒2次,1%磷钼酸处理5分钟,0.2%速洗3秒2次,苯胺蓝染色4分钟,0.2%速洗3秒2次,直接用新鲜95%乙醇分化25分钟,脱水,透明,封片,镜下观察。
2、结果
使用Bemcentinib后免疫荧光染色显示小鼠子宫内膜AXL、Collagen 1表达减少,马松染色表明胶原沉积明显减少,并且小鼠妊娠率和胎仔率明显升高。

Claims (6)

1.检测AXL的试剂在制备因子宫纤维化引起的疾病的诊断试剂中的应用;所述的子宫纤维化引起的疾病选自宫腔粘连或子宫内膜疤痕化或由此导致的子宫性不孕、反复流产或胎盘植入。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于检测AXL的试剂在制备宫腔粘连诊断试剂中的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于检测AXL的试剂在制备重度宫腔粘连诊断试剂中的应用。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的应用,其特征在于所述的检测AXL的试剂选自:PCR或qPCR引物、抗体。
5. AXL的特异性抑制剂在制备因子宫纤维化引起的疾病的治疗药物中的应用;所述的子宫纤维化引起的疾病选自宫腔粘连或子宫内膜疤痕化或由此导致的子宫性不孕、反复流产或胎盘植入中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于所述的AXL的特异性抑制剂为Bemcentinib。
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