CN114498018B - Low mutual coupling microstrip antenna - Google Patents
Low mutual coupling microstrip antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN114498018B CN114498018B CN202210209938.9A CN202210209938A CN114498018B CN 114498018 B CN114498018 B CN 114498018B CN 202210209938 A CN202210209938 A CN 202210209938A CN 114498018 B CN114498018 B CN 114498018B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling, which comprises a top metal structure, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground, wherein the top metal structure comprises an array formed by a plurality of microstrip antenna units, and the oppositely arranged 1 multiplied by 2 antenna array comprises two metal patches and a pair of cap-shaped metal structures with single side short circuits. The cap-shaped metal structure with the single-side short circuit comprises a horizontal metal strip, two vertical metal strips and a grounding metal strip, and each metal patch is connected with a metal probe. According to the invention, by constructing a pair of cap-shaped metal structures with single-side short circuits, and utilizing the amplitude and phase regulation capability of the cap-shaped metal structures on the indirect coupling field and the reflection field, the zero electric field region of the induction side antenna unit is moved to the metal probe, so that the mutual coupling of the microstrip antenna can be greatly reduced, and the defects of increased section, complex antenna structure, poor environmental compatibility, reduced gain, large integration difficulty and the like are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave communication, in particular to a microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling.
Background
Microstrip antenna has several advantages such as low profile, easy integration, low cost, mature manufacturing process, etc., when multiple microstrip antenna units form an array to work, it can significantly improve the channel capacity of the system and the reliability of signal transmission, and at the same time, it can improve the antenna gain and the transmission distance of the system. However, when the multi-unit microstrip antenna forms an array, unavoidable mutual coupling between the nearer units will cause problems such as deterioration of the active impedance matching effect of the antenna array, deformation of the array element pattern, beam pointing offset, increase of the system error rate, and deterioration of the channel capacity. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a design method of a microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling, and the lower the mutual coupling is, the more advantageous the system performance is.
The method suitable for decoupling microstrip antennas is mainly divided into four types, wherein the first method is to additionally introduce a circuit into a feed structure as a decoupling network to realize circuit-level decoupling. And secondly, a metamaterial or an electromagnetic band gap structure is added to the coplane or the different plane of the antenna array, so that the antenna array has the characteristic of a periodic structure, is easy to complicate or increase in section, and is not beneficial to integration and cost reduction. Thirdly, etching a groove on the antenna metal ground to construct a defective ground structure, changing a stratum current path by utilizing the band-stop characteristic of the defective ground to realize the reduction of mutual coupling, but having back leakage, and the groove structure has lower environmental compatibility. And the fourth mode is to add structures such as a band-stop resonance structure, a mode conversion structure or a central short-circuit metal strip and the like in the middle or around the antenna unit to realize the improvement of mutual coupling, but the parameter selection involves the influence of the self radiation of the antenna unit, so the degree of freedom of design is low, and the degree of decoupling is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the prior art, a microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling is provided, and the microstrip antenna can realize low mutual coupling level in the whole frequency band under the condition of ensuring the environmental compatibility, profile height, gain and integration complexity related performance of the antenna not to be deteriorated.
The technical scheme is as follows: a microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling comprises a top metal structure, a dielectric substrate and a metal ground; the top metal structure and the metal ground are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate; the top metal structure comprises an array formed by a plurality of microstrip antenna units, wherein the oppositely arranged 1 multiplied by 2 antenna array comprises two metal patches and a pair of cap-shaped metal structures with single side short circuits; the cap-shaped metal structure of unilateral short circuit comprises a horizontal metal strip, two vertical metal strips and a grounding metal strip, wherein the horizontal metal strip and the grounding metal strip are arranged in parallel, the length of the grounding metal strip is larger than that of the horizontal metal strip, two ends of the two vertical metal strips are respectively connected with the horizontal metal strip and the grounding metal strip, the grounding metal strip is connected to the metal ground through a metallization via hole, the horizontal metal strip is positioned between two metal patches, and each metal patch is connected with a metal probe.
Further, two metal patches constitute two antenna elements, and the center-to-center spacing is 0.5λ 0 ，λ 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency; the width of the grounding metal strip is 0.05lambda 0 -0.053λ 0 The length of the vertical metal strip perpendicular to the polarization direction was 0.1λ 0 -0.15λ 0 The spacing between two vertical metal strips is 0.025 lambda 0 -0.1λ 0 The length of the horizontal metal strip in the direction along the polarization is 0.2λ 0 -0.25λ 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The vertical metal strips and the horizontal metal strips have the same width of 0.02λ 0 -0.025λ 0 。
Further, the electric field amplitude and the phase distribution of the horizontal metal strip are adjusted through the vertical metal strip, so that an additional indirect coupling field between the two antenna units is obtained.
Further, the strength of the reflected signal between the two antenna units is adjusted by controlling the length of the outer grounding metal strip in the single-side short-circuited cap-shaped metal structure along the polarization direction.
Further, by adding the vertical metal strip and controlling the length of the grounding metal strip along the polarization direction, the center point of the zero electric field area of the induction side metal patch is positioned at the metal probe.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, a pair of unilateral short-circuited hat-shaped metal structures are constructed in the 1 multiplied by 2 microstrip antenna array, and the zero electric field region of the induction side antenna unit is moved to the metal probe by utilizing the amplitude and phase regulation capability of the hat-shaped metal structures on the indirect coupling field and the reflection field, so that the mutual coupling of the microstrip antenna can be greatly reduced, and the defects of increased section, complex antenna structure, poor environmental compatibility, reduced gain, high integration difficulty and the like are avoided.
The two vertical metal strips are perpendicular to the polarization direction and the length is kept at 0.1λ 0 -0.15λ 0 The spacing is maintained at 0.025 lambda 0 -0.1λ 0 Amplitude and phase regulation of the additional indirect coupling field and phase regulation of the reflected signal are realized.
The two unilateral short-circuited cap-shaped metal structures are symmetrically arranged about the horizontal central line, the grounding metal strips on the outer sides are grounded through the metallized through holes in the whole process, the strength of the reflected signals can be adjusted by controlling the lengths of the grounding metal strips on the outer sides along the polarization direction, and the symmetry of the H-plane directional diagram is ensured by symmetrical distribution.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a microstrip antenna with low cross-coupling according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective assembly view of the microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a simulation result of S parameters and gains of a conventional microstrip antenna and a low mutual coupling microstrip antenna at the same frequency and the same pitch, wherein fig. (a) is S parameters and gains of array elements of a conventional 1×2 microstrip antenna, and fig. (b) is S parameters and gains of array elements of a low mutual coupling microstrip antenna of this embodiment 1×2;
fig. 4 is a simulation pattern of single-port excitation of the 1×2 low cross-coupling microstrip antenna of this embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a microstrip antenna with low mutual coupling comprises a top metal structure 1, a dielectric substrate 3 and a metal ground 4. The top metal structure 1 and the metal ground 4 are located on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3, respectively. The top metal structure 1 comprises an array of microstrip antenna elements, wherein the oppositely arranged 1 x 2 antenna array comprises two metal patches 6 and a pair of single-sided shorted cap-shaped metal structures, as shown in fig. 2. The cap-shaped metal structure with the single-side short circuit comprises a horizontal metal strip 7, two vertical metal strips 8 and a grounding metal strip 9, wherein the horizontal metal strip 7 and the grounding metal strip 9 are arranged in parallel, the length of the grounding metal strip 9 is longer than that of the horizontal metal strip 7, and two ends of the two vertical metal strips 8 are respectively connected with the horizontal metal strip 7 and the grounding metal strip 9; the two single-sided short-circuited cap-shaped metal structures are symmetrically arranged about a horizontal centre line, the ground metal strips 9 are connected to the metal ground 4 through the metallized vias 2, the horizontal metal strips 7 are located between two metal patches 6, one metal probe 5 is connected to each metal patch 6.
The horizontal metal strips 7, the vertical metal strips 8 and the grounding metal strips 9 form a cap-shaped metal structure with single-side short circuit, and the cap-shaped metal structure is used for reducing mutual coupling among units. Wherein the two metal patches 6 constitute two antenna elements with a center-to-center spacing of 0.5λ 0 ，λ 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency; the width of the grounding strap 9 is 0.05λ 0 -0.053λ 0 The length of the vertical metal strip 8 perpendicular to the polarization direction is 0.1λ 0 -0.15λ 0 The spacing between the two vertical metal strips 8 is 0.025 lambda 0 -0.1λ 0 The length of the horizontal metal strip 7 in the direction along the polarization is 0.2λ 0 -0.25λ 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The vertical metal strips 8 and the horizontal metal strips 7 have the same width of 0.02λ 0 -0.025λ 0 。
When one port of the antenna feeds a signal, the other port acts as a matching load, and in a 1×2 antenna array, the signal excites the corresponding metal patch 6 through the metal probe 5, the metal patch 6 radiates a main signal to space, while part of the signal is coupled to the other metal patch 6 through the near field space and the cap-shaped metal structure of the single side short circuit, and then is output through the metal probe 5. In this process, the horizontal metal strip 7 of the cap-shaped metal structure with a single-side short circuit is located between the excitation side and the induction side, and the electric field amplitude and the phase distribution of the horizontal metal strip 7 are adjusted by the vertical metal strip 8, so that an additional indirect coupling field between the two units can be obtained, and the indirect coupling field makes the zero electric field region of the induction side patch move a certain distance towards the metal probe 5, but the center point of the zero electric field region cannot reach the metal probe 5 due to the fact that the amplitude and the phase of the indirect coupling field cannot be simultaneously considered. Meanwhile, part of signals from the exciting metal patch are reflected to the induction side patch through the combined action of the grounding metal strip 9 and the vertical metal strip 8, and the vertical metal strip 8 can regulate and control the reflection phase, so that the center point of the zero electric field area of the induction side patch is just positioned at the metal probe 5. Therefore, under the action of the cap-shaped metal structure with single-side short circuit, the mutual coupling of the microstrip antenna can be greatly reduced.
In addition, partial electric field on the cap-shaped metal structure with single side short circuit is consistent with the direction of the polarized electric field of the antenna, and the gain of the array element can be compensated on the premise of reducing the mutual coupling, so that the gain is not reduced compared with the antenna unit. In addition, the cap-shaped metal structure with the single side short circuit is provided with the grounding metal strip, so that the adaptability of the antenna to the system environment can be improved.
The dielectric substrate used in this embodiment is RO4003C, and in a 1×2 antenna array, the center-to-center spacing between two antenna elements is 0.5λ 0 . S parameter and gain simulation results of the conventional 1×2 microstrip antenna and the 1×2 low cross-coupling microstrip antenna provided by the invention at the same frequency and same space are shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the center frequency of the antenna of the present embodiment is 3.5GHz, the 10-dB impedance matching bandwidth is 1.9%, the overall mutual coupling level in the 10-dB impedance matching frequency band is lower than-40 dB, the mutual coupling level at the center frequency is-64 dB, the gain of the array element at the operating frequency point can reach 6.1dBi, and the mutual coupling level and the gain of the array element at the center frequency of the conventional 1×2 microstrip antenna are only-19.2 dB and 5.4dBi, therefore, compared with the conventional microstrip antenna, the mutual coupling level of the present invention is greatly improved, and the gain of the array element is increased.
Fig. 4 is a simulated pattern at the center frequency for single-port excitation of the 1 x 2 low cross-coupling microstrip antenna, with 3-dB beamwidth ranges for the E-plane and the H-plane of 104o and 84.2o, respectively.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The low-mutual coupling microstrip antenna is characterized by comprising a top metal structure (1), a dielectric substrate (3) and a metal ground (4); the top metal structure (1) and the metal ground (4) are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate (3); the top metal structure (1) comprises an array formed by a plurality of microstrip antenna units, wherein the oppositely arranged 1 multiplied by 2 antenna array comprises two metal patches (6) and a pair of unilateral short-circuited cap-shaped metal structures, and the two unilateral short-circuited cap-shaped metal structures are symmetrically arranged about a horizontal central line; the cap-shaped metal structure of unilateral short circuit includes a horizontal metal strip (7), two vertical metal strips (8) and a ground connection metal strip (9), and horizontal metal strip (7) and ground connection metal strip (9) parallel arrangement, ground connection metal strip (9) length is greater than horizontal metal strip (7), the both ends of two vertical metal strips (8) are connected respectively horizontal metal strip (7) and ground connection metal strip (9), ground connection metal strip (9) are connected to through metallization via hole (2) metal ground (4), horizontal metal strip (7) are located between two metal patches (6), and every metal patch (6) are connected with a metal probe (5).
2. The low mutual coupling microstrip antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that two metal patches (6) constitute two antenna elements and have a centre-to-centre spacing of 0.5λ 0 ，λ 0 The free space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency; the width of the grounding metal strip (9) is 0.05lambda 0 -0.053λ 0 The length of the vertical metal strip (8) perpendicular to the polarization direction is 0.1λ 0 -0.15λ 0 The spacing between the two vertical metal strips (8) is 0.025 lambda 0 -0.1λ 0 The length of the horizontal metal strip (7) along the polarization direction is 0.2lambda 0 -0.25λ 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Vertical metal strip (8) and horizontal goldThe strips (7) have the same width of 0.02λ 0 -0.025λ 0 。
3. The low mutual coupling microstrip antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an additional indirect coupling field between the two antenna elements is obtained by adjusting the electric field amplitude and phase distribution of the horizontal metal strip (7) by means of the vertical metal strip (8).
4. A low mutual coupling microstrip antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the strength of the reflected signal between the two antenna elements is adjusted by controlling the length of the outer grounded metal strip (9) in the polarization direction in the cap-shaped metal structure of the single side short circuit.
5. The low mutual coupling microstrip antenna according to claim 4, wherein the zero electric field area center point of the inductive side metal patch (6) is located at the metal probe (5) by adding the vertical metal strip (8) and controlling the length of the ground metal strip (9) along the polarization direction.
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| CN202210209938.9A CN114498018B (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Low mutual coupling microstrip antenna |
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| CN202210209938.9A CN114498018B (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Low mutual coupling microstrip antenna |
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| CN112510367B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2023-05-30 | 西安朗普达通信科技有限公司 | Resonant decoupling chip |
| CN115189124B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-30 | 南通至晟微电子技术有限公司 | E-plane low-cross-coupling patch linear array antenna |
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