CN114471850A

CN114471850A - Traditional Chinese medicine ball mill and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114471850A
Application number: CN202210118656.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄常友; 叶建春; 段兴平; 高常梅; 王述蓉; 王庆; 刘婕
Original assignee: Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
Current assignee: Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University
Priority date: 2022-02-08
Filing date: 2022-02-08
Publication date: 2022-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-08
Also published as: CN114471850B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine grinding equipment, and provides a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill which comprises an upper ball milling body and a lower ball milling body which are mutually opened, wherein a channel is arranged in the upper ball milling body, and is provided with a feeding hole and a first discharging hole; a refrigerating device for refrigerating the channel is arranged on the side surface of the channel; a first grinding mechanism is arranged in the ball mill lower body, and the first grinding mechanism comprises a bottom plate and a ball mill cylinder which are both vertically provided with a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft of the ball milling cylinder and the rotating shaft of the bottom plate are arranged in a non-coaxial manner, and the first discharge port is aligned with the opening of the ball milling cylinder; a rotating shaft of the ball milling barrel penetrates through the bottom plate; the bottom side of the bottom plate is provided with a cylindrical support frame; the inside of the supporting frame is provided with annular internal teeth, a rotating shaft of the ball grinding cylinder is provided with a gear meshed with the annular internal teeth, and the rotating shaft of the bottom plate is connected to a rotating shaft of the motor through a belt; the invention carries out cooling treatment on the traditional Chinese medicine to be refined and ground in advance, thereby ensuring that the processed traditional Chinese medicine has small particle size and ensuring that the performance and the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine are protected to the greatest extent.

Description

Traditional Chinese medicine ball mill and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine grinding equipment, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill and a using method thereof.

Background

The traditional Chinese medicine refers to a medicine which is collected, processed and prepared according to the guidance of the traditional Chinese medicine theory, explains the action mechanism and guides the clinical application; from the aspect of taking curative effect, the finer the powder is, the better the Chinese medicine is, and the cell size of general Chinese medicinal materials (plant and animal medicines) is generally about 10um-100 um. The analysis proves that: after the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 300 meshes, the comprehensive cell wall breaking rate can reach more than 90%, and complete cells can hardly be seen and only cell fragments can be seen by observing the traditional Chinese medicinal materials through an electron microscope. The traditional Chinese medicine after superfine grinding by cell wall breaking has the following distinct characteristics: first, improve the bioavailability. After the wall is broken by superfine grinding, the content in the cell can directly contact with the solvent, the active ingredients can completely enter the solvent and be absorbed by the human body, the onset time of the medicine can be obviously shortened, the action time of the medicine on the human body is shorter, and the action strength is higher. And secondly, fully homogenizing in the process of crushing the Chinese herbal medicine compound. Many of the traditional Chinese medicines are compound medicines, and a plurality of kinds of compound medicines are crushed, so that the effective components can be fully and uniformly mixed, and various components can be uniformly absorbed by a human body, and the action effect of the medicine can also be enhanced. Another very important function of the crusher is therefore: mixing, the compound traditional Chinese medicine is mixed by a grinder, and the mixing effect of the compound traditional Chinese medicine mixed by the grinder is better than that of a mixer. And thirdly, improving the industrial extraction rate of the effective components. After the wall of the traditional Chinese medicine ultra-micro cells is broken, the cell dissolution resistance is reduced, so that the extraction rate can be obviously improved. And fourthly, after cell wall breaking, ova in the medicinal materials can be killed, so that the threat of insect pests to the medicinal materials is reduced.

However, the existing traditional Chinese medicine grinding equipment cannot meet the grinding requirement of 10-100 microns, and because the traditional Chinese medicine contains a large amount of lignin such as fiber, starch, colloid, fat, sugar and the like, the superfine processing difficulty is high, deep drying is generally needed, then superfine grinding processing is carried out, the toughness of the medicine is increased after drying, and the phenomena of agglomeration, oxidation, fission and the like are easy to occur, so that the traditional Chinese medicine grinding equipment is generally classified and separately coped with. The present machine that grinds adopts mill and cutting edge to smash the medicinal material mostly, and the medicinal material is high temperature degeneration in the twinkling of an eye when mechanical cutter is smashed, and medicinal material and cutter area of contact is less, smashes efficiency lower, and the medicinal material particle diameter after smashing is great, causes the tablet utilization ratio low easily, the problem that the active ingredient loss is big.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill and a using method thereof, which carry out cooling treatment on a traditional Chinese medicine to be refined and ground in advance, thereby ensuring that the particle size of the processed traditional Chinese medicine is small and ensuring that the performance and the effective components of the traditional Chinese medicine are protected to the maximum extent.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill comprises a ball mill upper body arranged from top to bottom, wherein a channel is arranged in the ball mill upper body and provided with a feed inlet and a first discharge outlet; a refrigerating device for refrigerating the channel is arranged on the side surface of the channel; the ball milling upper body can be opened relative to the ball milling lower body; the ball milling lower body is provided with a cavity, a first grinding mechanism is arranged in the cavity, and the first grinding mechanism comprises a bottom plate and a ball milling barrel which are both vertically provided with a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft of the ball milling cylinder and the rotating shaft of the bottom plate are arranged in a non-coaxial manner, and the first discharge port is communicated with the opening of the ball milling cylinder; a rotating shaft of the ball grinding cylinder penetrates through the bottom plate; the bottom side of the bottom plate is also provided with a support frame; the support frame becomes the setting of cylindric and the inside of support frame is equipped with annular internal tooth, and the bottom of the pivot of ball mill section of thick bamboo is equipped with the gear of meshing annular internal tooth, and the support frame is fixed in ball-milling lower part of the body and sets up, and the pivot of bottom plate passes through the belt and connects the pivot of the motor of setting outside the ball-milling lower part of the body, and the belt passes ball-milling lower part of the body and support frame setting.

Further, one side of the ball milling upper body and one side of the ball milling lower body are hinged, and the ball milling upper body can be opened relative to the ball milling lower body along a hinge point.

Furthermore, a first material cylinder is arranged at the bottom side of the bottom plate, the first material cylinder comprises a support frame, a plurality of feeding through holes are formed in the bottom plate, and a plurality of first material leaking holes are formed in the bottom of the ball grinding cylinder; in the vertical direction, a plurality of first material leaking holes are covered by one feeding through hole; the outlet of the feeding through hole is arranged in the first material barrel, and the inlet of the feeding through hole is indirectly communicated with the first material leaking hole; a second discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the first material cylinder; the support frame is fixed in first feed cylinder setting, and first feed cylinder is fixed to be set up.

Furthermore, a material cylinder is arranged in the ball grinding cylinder, and the material cylinder is attached to the inside of the ball grinding cylinder.

Furthermore, a first grinding body is rotatably arranged in the cavity, a second grinding body is vertically arranged at the edge of the bottom plate, and grinding teeth for grinding are arranged between the first grinding body and the second grinding body; a gear disc is arranged on the outer side of the first grinding body, a driving gear is arranged on a rotating shaft of the motor, and the driving gear is meshed with the gear disc; the lower part of the ball milling lower body is provided with a third discharging barrel, and one end of the third discharging barrel is completely included in the lower end face of the first grinding body.

Furthermore, the channel of the ball milling upper body comprises a first channel, a second channel and a third channel, the diameter of the first channel is larger than that of the second channel, a first inclined plane for transition is arranged between the first channel and the second channel, a grinding wheel is arranged in the second channel, the third channel is a conical body, the minimum diameter of the third channel is equal to that of the second channel, a conical filter cylinder is arranged in the third channel, the top of the filter cylinder is connected to the bottom side of the second channel through a connecting plate, and a material door capable of being closed and opened is arranged on the connecting plate; the wall of the filter cylinder is provided with a filter hole, the bottom of the filter cylinder is fixedly connected with a guide cylinder, and the bottom of the guide cylinder is provided with an opening arranged towards the ball milling cylinder; along the vertical projection direction, a rotating shaft of the bottom plate penetrates through the ball grinding cylinder; the opening of the material guide cylinder is coaxial with the rotating shaft of the bottom plate; the diameter of the junction of the filter cartridge and the guide cylinder is larger than that of the bottom plate, and the diameter of the junction of the filter cartridge and the guide cylinder is smaller than that of the first grinding body.

Furthermore, a first air outlet and a second air outlet which are distributed circumferentially are arranged inside the third channel, the filter holes are arranged perpendicular to the cylinder wall of the filter cylinder, the second air outlets are provided with a plurality of second air outlets, the included angle between the wind direction of each second air outlet and the axis of each filter hole is alpha, and alpha is more than 90 degrees and less than or equal to 180 degrees; the included angle between the first air outlet and the axis of the filter hole is beta, beta is more than 180 degrees and less than 270 degrees, and the air outlet devices of the first air outlet and the second air outlet are arranged inside the ball milling upper body.

Further, the farthest point of the linear distance between the guide cylinder and the hinged point of the upper ball mill body and the lower ball mill body is positioned at the connecting position of the guide cylinder and the filter cylinder.

Further, the refrigerating device is a refrigerating fluid refrigerating system or a nitrogen refrigerating system.

A use method of a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill comprises the following steps:

s1: putting the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine blocks into the first channel and the second channel through the feed inlet, closing a material door on the connecting plate, refrigerating and cooling the traditional Chinese medicine through a refrigerating device until the temperature is reduced to between 0 ℃ and minus 20 ℃, opening a grinding wheel of the second channel, starting primary grinding, and keeping for at least 10 min;

s2: starting the first air outlet and the second air outlet, opening a material door on the connecting plate, sliding the preliminarily ground traditional Chinese medicine blocks downwards along the filter cartridge, filtering smaller particles into the ball mill cylinder by the filter cartridge, and conveying larger particles to the upper parts of the first grinding body and the second grinding body by the filter plate to be accumulated;

s3: starting a motor, closing the first air outlet and the second air outlet, driving the bottom plate and the second grinding body to rotate by the motor, and simultaneously grinding the traditional Chinese medicine with small particles and the traditional Chinese medicine with larger particles;

s4: collecting the superfine and fine Chinese medicinal powder.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1: the ball mill is constructed by the upper ball mill body and the lower ball mill body which are arranged in an upper-lower structure, and the upper ball mill body and the lower ball mill body can be opened relatively, so that the structure inside the ball mill can be replaced at any time, and the effective service life of the equipment is ensured.

2: the refrigeration device is arranged on the ball milling upper body to cool the traditional Chinese medicine particles to be ground in advance, so that the toughness of the traditional Chinese medicine materials is effectively reduced, and low-temperature grinding is performed, so that the grinding efficiency is improved, and the small particle diameter is obtained after grinding.

3: the performance of the traditional Chinese medicine can be effectively ensured at low temperature.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a top-view position structure of multiple groups of mechanisms in a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball milling upper body in a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a ball milling lower body in a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view A of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a bottom plate of a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

icon: 100-ball milling upper body, 200-ball milling lower body, 110-feed inlet, 121-first inclined plane, 152-heat insulation layer, 151-refrigeration layer, 120-first channel, 130-second channel, 140-third channel, 131-grinding wheel, 150-refrigeration device, 210-first grinding body, 220-second grinding body, 230-third discharge barrel, 240-third discharge port, 250-motor, 260-belt, 270-gear disc, 280-rotating shaft, 290-driving gear, 141-material door, 142-filter cartridge, 143-filter hole, 144-guide barrel, 1441-opening of guide barrel, 145-second air outlet, 146-first air outlet, 147-hinge point, 221-bottom plate, 222-ball milling barrel, 223-material cylinder, 224-steel ball, 225-support frame, 226-rotating shaft of bottom plate, 227-rotating shaft of ball mill cylinder, 228-annular internal tooth, 229-gear, 300-first material cylinder, 310-second material outlet, 2211-feeding through hole and 2212-first material leaking hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are usually placed in when used, the terms are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be further noted that unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, a traditional Chinese medicine ball mill is disclosed, which comprises an upper ball mill body 100 and a lower ball mill body 200 arranged from top to bottom; the upper ball mill body 100 can be opened relative to the lower ball mill body 200, so that the maintenance of the parts in the lower ball mill body 200 can be ensured, and the service life of the whole device is prolonged.

Specifically, a channel is arranged inside the ball milling upper body 100, and the channel is provided with a feeding hole 110 and a first discharging hole; the feeding port 110 is used for throwing the pre-treated traditional Chinese medicine materials, wherein the pre-treatment steps include but are not limited to cleaning and drying, meanwhile, the particle size of the pre-treated traditional Chinese medicine materials is not too large, and generally, the particle size is 0.5 cm-3 cm; a refrigerating device 150 for refrigerating the channel is arranged on the side surface of the channel; it should be noted here that the refrigeration device 150 in this embodiment uses compressed nitrogen for rapid refrigeration; certainly, in other embodiments, refrigeration can also be realized by adopting a refrigeration pipe, a heat insulation layer 152 is also arranged between the refrigeration layer 151 and the outside, if the refrigeration pipe is adopted, the refrigeration pipe is generally designed like a refrigerator, which belongs to the conventional knowledge of technicians in the field, and no more description is made here, similarly, if compressed nitrogen is adopted, the refrigeration speed is high, if the refrigeration pipe is adopted, the refrigeration speed is low, and if the refrigeration pipe is adopted, all traditional Chinese medicine materials need to be refrigerated to about minus 10 ℃ and float up and down by 5 ℃, so that the drug property of the traditional Chinese medicine is ensured, the toughness is reduced, and the grinding efficiency is improved; of course, the temperature requirements are different for different Chinese medicines.

The ball mill lower body 200 is provided with a cavity, and the inside of the cavity is provided with a first grinding mechanism, where the opening manner of the ball mill lower body 200 and the ball mill upper body 100 needs further description, such as: the hinge hinging mode is adopted, one end is hinged to ensure the rotary opening, and the other end is fixed in a bolt mode, so that the connecting strength is ensured; or both ends of the ball milling upper body and the ball milling lower body are fixed by bolts, but it should be noted that the prior art can be adopted no matter which way is adopted for opening, as long as the ball milling upper body 100 and the ball milling lower body 200 can be opened, and in addition, the shapes of the ball milling lower body 200 and the ball milling upper body 100 are not limited, and generally, cylinders are adopted.

The first grinding mechanism comprises a bottom plate 221 and a ball grinding cylinder 222 which are both vertically provided with rotating shafts; the rotating shaft 227 of the ball milling barrel 222 is not coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221, so that the ball milling barrel 222 can complete rotation while revolving; the first discharge port is communicated with the opening of the ball milling cylinder 222 to ensure that the refrigerated material can enter the ball milling cylinder 222; further, along the vertical projection direction, the ball milling cylinder 222 completely covers the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221, and the first discharge port and the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221 are coaxially arranged, at this time, the coaxially arranged first discharge port can completely and uninterruptedly send the material into the ball milling cylinder 222 for grinding; in other embodiments, the arrangement of the ball milling cylinder 222 and the first discharging hole may not be the same, for example, a plurality of sub-discharging holes are arranged at the first discharging hole, each sub-discharging hole corresponds to an orientation, and when the ball milling cylinder 222 rotates to reach an orientation, the corresponding sub-discharging hole is opened after being detected by the sensor, so as to perform feeding processing.

The shaft 227 of the ball milling barrel 222 is disposed through the bottom plate 221; the bottom side of the bottom plate 221 is also provided with a support frame 225; the supporting frame 225 is arranged in a cylinder shape, the inside of the supporting frame 225 is provided with an annular internal tooth 228, the bottom of a rotating shaft 227 of the ball mill cylinder 222 is provided with a gear 229 meshed with the annular internal tooth 228, the supporting frame 225 is fixed on the ball mill lower body 200, the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221 is connected with a rotating shaft 280 of a motor 250 arranged outside the ball mill lower body 200 through a belt 260, and the belt 260 penetrates through the ball mill lower body 200 and the supporting frame 225; the above structure is used to complete the rotation and revolution of the ball milling barrel 222, and the specific working process is as follows: the motor 250 drives the belt 260 to rotate, the belt 260 drives the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221 to rotate, then the bottom plate 221 rotates, at this time, because the rotating shaft 227 of the ball milling cylinder 222 is not coaxial with the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221 and passes through the bottom plate 221, at this time, the bottom plate 221 drives the ball milling cylinder 222 to rotate, and the revolution of the ball milling cylinder 222 is completed; then, the rotating shaft 227 of the ball mill barrel 222 is engaged with the annular internal teeth 228 of the bracket through the gear 229 to rotate, so that the rotation is completed; the rotation and revolution of the entire ball milling drum 222 are completely driven by the belt 260; here, the necessity of rotation and revolution needs to be described, wherein a steel ball 224 is disposed in the ball milling cylinder 222, if the ball milling cylinder 222 only rotates, the steel ball 224 performing a grinding function rolls along the cylinder wall in the ball milling cylinder 222, so as to grind the traditional Chinese medicine, the grinding effect is poor, or even the traditional Chinese medicine cannot be ground, otherwise, if only revolves, the steel ball 224 is accumulated on one side of the ball milling cylinder 222, rotates along with the ball milling cylinder 222, and then rotates, so as not to perform a good grinding function at all, so in this embodiment, in order to ensure fine grinding, it is necessary to ensure sufficient contact between the steel ball 224 and the traditional Chinese medicine, where the rotation and revolution are performed simultaneously, in order to ensure that the steel ball 224 can complete a plurality of grinding processes, such as extrusion, impact, shearing, and grinding, thereby achieving fine grinding, specifically, a motion trajectory of the steel ball 224 in the ball milling cylinder 222 should be a rotation motion around a rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221 and a complex trajectory of the steel ball 224 completing an elliptical trajectory by its own weight The motion, the specific motion track and revolution and rotation ratio are determined; when the particle size of the ground traditional Chinese medicine can reach about 10um-100um generally, the particle size is determined according to the time length. After the grinding is finished, the tube wall equipment can be used, then the ball milling upper body 100 is opened, and the traditional Chinese medicine powder in the ball milling barrel 222 can be taken out, wherein in order to be taken out, a material barrel 223 is further arranged in the ball milling barrel 222, the material barrel 223 is completely attached to the inner wall of the ball milling barrel 222, the steel ball 224 is arranged in the material barrel 223, and after the grinding is finished, only the ball milling upper body 100 needs to be opened, then the material barrel 223 is taken out, and the traditional Chinese medicine powder is poured out.

In this embodiment, a first grinding body 210 is further rotatably disposed in the cavity, a second grinding body 220 is vertically disposed on the edge of the bottom plate 221, and grinding teeth for grinding are disposed between the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220; a gear disc 270 is arranged on the outer side of the first grinding body 210, a driving gear 290 is arranged on a rotating shaft 280 of the motor 250, and the driving gear 290 is engaged with the gear disc 270; the lower part of the ball milling lower body 200 is provided with a third discharging barrel 230, and the ball milling lower body 200 is fixedly arranged; one end of the third discharging barrel 230 is included in the lower end surface of the first grinding body 210; here, the operation principle is explained, as a result of the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220 constituting a disc grinder, grinding of a large traditional Chinese medicine powder is completed, and the traditional Chinese medicine powder (having a large particle diameter) after grinding is directly discharged through the third discharging cylinder 230; the other pretreated traditional Chinese medicine enters the ball milling cylinder 222 to finish the grinding of refined traditional Chinese medicine particles, wherein the first grinding body 210, the second grinding body 220 and the ball milling cylinder 222 are driven to rotate only by one motor 250, and the grinding of the traditional Chinese medicines with two particle sizes is finished at the same time.

In this embodiment, in order to ensure that the traditional Chinese medicine can smoothly enter between the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220 and into the ball grinding cylinder 222, the following arrangement is adopted, the channel of the ball grinding upper body 100 includes a first channel 120, a second channel 130 and a third channel 140, the diameter of the first channel 120 is larger than the diameter of the second channel 130, a first inclined plane 121 for transition is arranged between the first channel 120 and the second channel 130, the traditional Chinese medicine in the first channel 120 can be smoothly sent into the second channel 130 through the first inclined plane 121, a grinding wheel 131 is arranged in the second channel 130, and here, the grinding wheel 131 has two functions, first: primary grinding, second: auxiliary feeding; the third channel 140 is a conical body, the minimum diameter of the third channel 140 is equal to the diameter of the second channel 130, and the maximum part of the third channel 140 completely covers the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220; a conical filter cartridge 142 is arranged in the third channel 140, the filter cartridge 142 is arranged, the top of the filter cartridge 142 is connected to the bottom side of the second channel 130 through a connecting plate, a material door 141 which can be closed and opened is arranged on the connecting plate, wherein the material door 141 on the connecting plate needs to be emphasized, the prior art is adopted, and the function of controlling the connection and disconnection of the third channel 140 and the second channel 130 through a switch is realized, so that the traditional Chinese medicine is ensured to stay in the first channel 120 and the second channel 130 for cooling, and then the traditional Chinese medicine subjected to cooling treatment is sent to two grinding mechanisms below through the third channel 140; the filtering hole 143 is arranged on the wall of the filtering cylinder 142, the guiding cylinder 144 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filtering cylinder 142, and the opening 1441 towards the ball milling cylinder 222 is arranged at the bottom of the guiding cylinder 144; in the vertical projection direction, the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221 penetrates through the ball milling cylinder 222; the opening of the guide cylinder 144 is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 226 of the bottom plate 221; the diameter of the junction of the filter cartridge 142 and the guide cylinder 144 is greater than that of the bottom plate 221, and the diameter of the junction of the filter cartridge 142 and the guide cylinder 144 is smaller than that of the first grinding body 210; to explain the material, the traditional Chinese medicine particles passing through the filter cartridge 142, of which the smaller particles enter the guide cylinder 144 through the filter holes and then enter the ball milling cylinder 222 for fine milling, and the larger particles enter between the first milling body 210 and the second milling body 220 from the surface of the filter cartridge 142 for milling; it should be noted that either the material guiding cylinder 144 or the filter cylinder 142 is connected to the second channel 130, that is, the upper ball milling body 100 can be opened together, and the material taking from the ball milling cylinder 222 is not affected; furthermore, a first air outlet 146 and a second air outlet 145 which are circumferentially distributed are arranged inside the third channel 140, the filter holes 143 are arranged perpendicular to the wall of the filter cartridge 142, the second air outlet 145 is provided with a plurality of second air outlets 145, an included angle between the wind direction of each second air outlet 145 and the axis of the filter hole 143 is alpha, and alpha is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than or equal to 180 degrees; the included angle between the first air outlet 146 and the axis of the filter hole 143 is beta, beta is more than 180 degrees and less than 270 degrees, and the air outlet devices of the first air outlet 146 and the second air outlet 145 are arranged inside the ball milling upper body 100; here, the first air outlet 146 is used to cooperate with the surface of the filter cartridge 142 to form an air wall, so that when the traditional Chinese medicine falls down, a block is formed, then the second air outlet 145 is used to blow the fallen traditional Chinese medicine, so that the smaller particles of the fallen traditional Chinese medicine can be directly blown through the filter holes 143, and are collected by the material guiding cylinder 144, and then the larger particles can be accumulated between the first air outlet 146 and the filter cartridge 142, until the material is enough, the weight is increased, and the air wall cannot be blocked, and then the particles of the fallen traditional Chinese medicine begin to fall into the space between the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220, it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the working states of the first air outlet 146 and the second air outlet 145 are indirect and non-continuous, the included angle α is to ensure that the air of the second air outlet 145 enters the interior of the holes at a certain angle, and is generally set to be 180 °, and the same β is to ensure that the air can directly blow the smaller traditional Chinese medicine to the material guiding cylinder 144, then the first air outlet 146 forms an air wall for organizing the traditional Chinese medicine descending, wherein the air of the first air outlet 146 and the second air outlet 145 can adopt cold air, and the purpose of refrigeration is achieved at the same time; the farthest point of the linear distance between the guide cylinder 144 and the hinge point 147 of the upper ball mill body 100 and the lower ball mill body 200 is located at the connection of the guide cylinder 144 and the filter cylinder 142; ensures that the guide cylinder 144 can be opened relative to the ball mill lower body 200.

In this embodiment, the method for using the ball mill for traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following steps:

s0: the ball mill upper body 100 is opened with respect to the ball mill lower body 200, and the state of the entire apparatus is checked.

S1: putting the dried and cleaned traditional Chinese medicine blocks into the first channel 120 and the second channel 130 through the feed inlet 110, closing the material door 141 on the connecting plate, refrigerating and cooling the traditional Chinese medicine through the refrigerating device 150 until the temperature is reduced to between 0 ℃ and minus 20 ℃, opening the grinding wheel 131 of the second channel 130, starting primary grinding, and keeping for at least 10 min;

s2: starting the first air outlet 146 and the second air outlet 145 to form a wind wall, opening a material door 141 on the connecting plate, sliding the primarily ground traditional Chinese medicine blocks downwards along the filter cartridge 142, filtering smaller particles into the ball mill 222 by the filter cartridge 142, and sending larger particles to the upper parts of the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220 by the filter plate to be stacked;

s3: starting the motor 250, closing the first air outlet 146 and the second air outlet 145, driving the bottom plate 221 and the second grinding body 220 to rotate by the motor 250, and simultaneously grinding the traditional Chinese medicine with small particles and the traditional Chinese medicine with large particles;

s4: collecting the superfine Chinese medicinal powder and the fine Chinese medicinal powder after grinding; specifically, the traditional Chinese medicine powder with large particles ground by the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220 is collected and discharged by the second discharging barrel, then the ball milling upper body 100 is opened relative to the ball milling lower body 200, the material barrel 223 is taken out, and the fine grinding powder is collected; and then repeatedly recycling the mixture.

Example 2

The main structure in this embodiment is completely the same as that in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 5 to 7, and the difference is that: the bottom side of the bottom plate 221 is further provided with a first material cylinder 300, the first material cylinder 300 comprises a support frame 225, the circumference of the bottom plate 221 is provided with a plurality of feeding through holes 2211, and the bottom of the ball milling cylinder 222 is provided with a plurality of first material leaking holes 2212; in the vertical direction, the first material leaking holes 2212 are covered by one feeding through hole 2211; the outlet of the feeding through hole 2211 is arranged inside the first charging barrel 300, and the inlet of the feeding through hole 2211 is indirectly communicated with the first material leaking hole 2212; the bottom of the first barrel 300 is provided with a second discharge hole 310; the support frame 225 is fixed to the first material cylinder 300, the first material cylinder 300 is fixed, and the fixing manner is not limited, for example, the first material cylinder 300 and the third material cylinder 230 are fixed, and the third material cylinder 230 is fixed to the ground; for the functional explanation in this embodiment: when the ball milling barrel 222 rotates or revolves, as shown in fig. 7, the first material leaking hole 2212 is indirectly communicated with the feeding through hole, and then the powder with small enough particles leaks out through the first material leaking hole 2212 and the feeding through hole and is fed into the first barrel 300 for collection, so that the ball milling upper body 100 does not need to be opened relative to the ball milling lower body 200 for taking materials, the operation steps are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved; in addition, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the discharging efficiency of the first material barrel 300, that is, ensure that the finely ground traditional Chinese medicine powder can smoothly pass through the first material leaking hole 2212 and the feeding through hole; therefore, the second discharge port 310 is connected with an air draft fan and a material storage bag, the air draft fan carries out negative pressure adsorption and collection on the material at the second discharge port 310 through the material storage bag, and the material storage bag can be obtained by adopting the prior art, for example, the membrane hole of the waterproof PPS filter material (0.10-2.0 μm) of a membrane-covered PPS antistatic needled felt manufacturer of the Fengxin environmental protection group can completely meet the collection requirement of 10 μm of traditional Chinese medicine.

In this embodiment, the operation steps are as follows:

s4: collecting the superfine Chinese medicinal powder and the fine Chinese medicinal powder after grinding; specifically, the fine traditional Chinese medicine powder with larger particulate matters, which is ground by the first grinding body 210 and the second grinding body 220, is collected and discharged by the second discharge barrel, and the superfine traditional Chinese medicine powder with smaller particulate matters is collected and discharged by the first feed barrel 300 (the air draft fan is started); then, the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine materials are continuously added through the feed inlet 110.

The product can be recycled; it should be emphasized that, in the above two embodiments, the power utilization may be in a battery mode or a mode of directly connecting a power supply, and the structural arrangements which have no influence on the main points of the invention are all realized by adopting the prior art means, for example, the air sources of the first air outlet and the second air outlet, and the like, and the existing high-pressure air source is adopted.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine ball mill is characterized in that: comprising a top-down arrangement

The ball milling device comprises a ball milling upper body (100), wherein a channel is arranged inside the ball milling upper body (100), and the channel is provided with a feeding hole (110) and a first discharging hole; a refrigerating device (150) for refrigerating the channel is arranged on the side surface of the channel;

a ball mill lower body (200), the ball mill upper body (100) being openable with respect to the ball mill lower body (200); the ball milling lower body (200) is provided with a cavity, a first grinding mechanism is arranged in the cavity, and the first grinding mechanism comprises a bottom plate (221) and a ball milling cylinder (222), both of which are vertically provided with a rotating shaft; the rotating shaft (227) of the ball milling cylinder (222) is not coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft (226) of the bottom plate (221), and the first discharge hole is aligned with the opening of the ball milling cylinder (222); the rotating shaft (227) of the ball milling barrel (222) penetrates through the bottom plate (221); a support frame (225) is further arranged on the bottom side of the bottom plate (221); the ball mill is characterized in that the support frame (225) is arranged in a cylindrical shape, annular internal teeth (228) are arranged inside the support frame (225), a gear (229) meshed with the annular internal teeth (228) is arranged at the bottom of a rotating shaft (227) of the ball mill cylinder (222), the support frame (225) is fixed on the ball mill lower body (200), the rotating shaft (226) of the bottom plate (221) is connected with a rotating shaft (280) of a motor (250) arranged outside the ball mill lower body (200) through a belt (260), and the belt (260) penetrates through the ball mill lower body (200) and the support frame (225).

2. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the ball milling upper body (100) and one side of the ball milling lower body (200) are hinged, and the ball milling upper body (100) can be opened relative to the ball milling lower body (200) along a hinge point (147).

3. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: a first material cylinder (300) is further arranged on the bottom side of the bottom plate (221), the first material cylinder (300) comprises the support frame (225), a plurality of feeding through holes (2211) are formed in the bottom plate (221), and a plurality of first material leaking holes (2212) are formed in the bottom of the ball milling cylinder (222); in the vertical direction, a plurality of first material leaking holes (2212) are covered by one feeding through hole (2211); the outlet of the feeding through hole (2211) is arranged inside the first charging barrel (300), and the inlet of the feeding through hole (2211) is indirectly communicated with the first material leaking hole (2212); a second discharge hole (310) is formed in the bottom of the first material cylinder (300); the support frame (225) is fixed on the first material barrel (300) and the first material barrel (300) is fixed.

4. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: a material cylinder (223) is arranged in the ball milling cylinder (222), and the material cylinder (223) is attached to the inside of the ball milling cylinder (222).

5. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: a first grinding body (210) is further rotatably arranged in the cavity, a second grinding body (220) is vertically arranged on the edge of the bottom plate (221), and grinding teeth for grinding are arranged between the first grinding body (210) and the second grinding body (220); a gear disc (270) is arranged on the outer side of the first grinding body (210), a driving gear (290) is arranged on a rotating shaft (280) of the motor (250), and the driving gear (290) is meshed with the gear disc (270); the lower part of the ball milling lower body (200) is provided with a third discharging barrel (230), and one end of the third discharging barrel (230) is completely included on the lower end face of the first grinding body (210).

6. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the channel of the ball milling upper body (100) comprises a first channel (120), a second channel (130) and a third channel (140), the diameter of the first channel (120) is larger than that of the second channel (130), a first inclined surface (121) for transition is arranged between the first channel (120) and the second channel (130), a grinding wheel (131) is arranged in the second channel (130), the third channel (140) is a conical body, the minimum diameter of the third channel (140) is equal to that of the second channel (130), a conical filter cylinder (142) is arranged in the third channel (140), the top of the filter cylinder (142) is connected to the bottom side of the second channel (130) through a connecting plate, and a material gate (141) capable of being closed and opened is arranged on the connecting plate; the ball mill is characterized in that a filtering hole (143) is formed in the wall of the filtering cylinder (142), a material guide cylinder (144) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filtering cylinder (142), and an opening (1441) facing the ball mill cylinder (222) is formed in the bottom of the material guide cylinder (144); the rotating shaft of the ball grinding cylinder (221) penetrates through the bottom plate (222) along the vertical projection direction; the opening of the material guide cylinder (144) is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft (280) of the bottom plate (221); the diameter of the joint of the filter cartridge (142) and the guide cylinder (144) is larger than that of the bottom plate (221), and the diameter of the joint of the filter cartridge (142) and the guide cylinder (144) is smaller than that of the first grinding body (210).

7. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: a first air outlet (146) and a second air outlet (145) which are circumferentially distributed are arranged inside the third channel (140), the filter holes (143) are arranged perpendicular to the wall of the filter cylinder (142), the second air outlet (145) is provided with a plurality of air outlets, an included angle between the wind direction of each second air outlet (145) and the axis of the filter hole (143) is alpha, and alpha is larger than 90 degrees and smaller than or equal to 180 degrees; an included angle between the first air outlet (146) and the axis of the filtering hole (143) is beta, beta is more than 180 degrees and less than 270 degrees, and air outlet devices of the first air outlet (146) and the second air outlet (145) are arranged inside the ball milling upper body (100).

8. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the farthest point of the linear distance between the guide cylinder (144) and the hinge point (147) of the upper ball mill body (100) and the lower ball mill body (200) is positioned at the connection position of the guide cylinder (144) and the filter cylinder (142).

9. The traditional Chinese medicine ball mill as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the refrigerating device (150) is a refrigerating fluid refrigerating system or a nitrogen refrigerating system.

10. The use method of the traditional Chinese medicine ball mill is suitable for the traditional Chinese medicine ball mill according to claim 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: putting the pretreated traditional Chinese medicine blocks into the first channel (120) and the second channel (130) through the feed inlet (110), closing a material door (141) on the connecting plate, refrigerating and cooling the traditional Chinese medicine through a refrigerating device (150) until the temperature is reduced to between 0 ℃ and minus 20 ℃, opening a grinding wheel of the second channel (130), starting primary grinding, and keeping for at least 10 min;

s2: starting the first air outlet (146) and the second air outlet (145), opening a material door (141) on the connecting plate, allowing the primarily ground traditional Chinese medicine blocks to slide downwards along the filter cartridge (142), filtering smaller particles into the ball milling cylinder (222) by the filter cartridge (142), and conveying larger particles to the upper parts of the first grinding body (210) and the second grinding body (220) by the filter plate for accumulation;

s3: starting a motor (250), closing the first air outlet (145) and the second air outlet (146), driving the bottom plate (221) and the second grinding body (220) to rotate by the motor (250), and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine with small particles and the traditional Chinese medicine with large particles;

s4: collecting the superfine and fine Chinese medicinal powder.