CN114467408B - Method for drying red-leaf sorghum seeds by priming - Google Patents
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
- A01N63/23—B. thuringiensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a red-tassel sorghum seed priming and drying method, which comprises the following steps: 1) Soaking red-leaf sorghum seeds in an initiator solution at 15-25 ℃ for 12-48 h; wherein the raw material components of the initiator solution comprise: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 4-6 ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5g/L of borax and 0.5ml/L of brassinolide; 2) And (3) drying the seeds obtained in the step (1) back until the water content is 7-15%. According to the red-leaf sorghum seed priming and redrying method, the vigor of the seeds is enhanced through the cooperation of specific priming and redrying, the germination and seedling emergence of the red-leaf sorghum seeds are promoted, and the yield and seedling emergence uniformity of the red-leaf sorghum in the field are improved; the seed germination agent has the advantages of good stability, strong storage resistance, very stable germination rate when stored under variable temperature and constant temperature conditions, good seed viability after 1 year, and prolonged storage period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a red-tassel sorghum seed priming and drying method, and belongs to the technical field of red-tassel sorghum seed priming and drying.
Background
Sorghum is one of economic crops with wider cultivation in China, and the edible sorghum can be used for eating and brewing wine; sugar sorghum stalks can be used for preparing syrup or raw food; broom broomcorn ears can be used for making broom or broom; the tender leaves are dried in shade and ensiled, or can be used as feed after being dried in the sun; ying Guo can be used as a medicine, and can dry dampness, eliminate phlegm, calm heart and tranquilize mind.
Red tassel is a special organic waxy sorghum, is one of brewing raw materials of Maotai-flavor white spirit, but the variety is mainly cultivated in Guizhou and peripheral areas, and is relatively poor in germination and soil-jacking capacity, relatively poor in seed germination and seedling-stage low-temperature resistance capacity and relatively low in unit yield due to the influence of low temperature, soil type (yellow soil) and other factors, and in the prior art, no effective solution exists, and the activity of the existing red tassel seeds is seriously reduced after half a year of storage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a red-leaf sorghum seed priming and drying method, which enhances the activity of seeds, promotes germination and emergence of red-leaf sorghum seeds, remarkably improves the yield per unit of red-leaf sorghum seeds and prolongs the storage period through the cooperation of specific priming and drying.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a red-tassel sorghum seed priming and drying method comprises the following steps:
1) Soaking red-leaf sorghum seeds in an initiator solution at 15-25 ℃ for 12-48 h; wherein the raw material components of the initiator solution comprise: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 4-6 ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5g/L of borax and 0.5ml/L of brassinolide;
2) And (3) drying the seeds obtained in the step (1) back until the water content is 7-15%.
The initiator solution in the step 1) can establish reasonable osmotic potential, reduce swelling damage of the red-leaf sorghum seeds, sterilize and disinfect the seeds, promote germination of the red-leaf sorghum seeds, enhance the activity of the seeds and promote seedling emergence. The selection of the components of the initiator solution is very critical, the effects of different raw materials can be mutually influenced in the research and development process, some components can weaken the effect of other components on improving the activity of seeds, some components can promote the effect of other components on improving the activity of seeds, and some components have no influence on each other, so that the combination of the raw materials is very important, and the promotion of the activity of seeds is very obvious when the specific dosage of bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum, borax, brassinolide and the like are compounded.
The applicant finds that different agents, different initiation times and different drying degrees can obviously influence germination and storage capacity of red-tassel sorghum seeds, and the initiation and drying under the specific conditions can obviously promote germination of red-tassel sorghum seeds.
The red-tassel sorghum seeds treated by the method have good stability and strong storage resistance, have very stable germination rate when stored under the conditions of temperature change and constant temperature, and keep good seed viability after 1 year.
In order to further promote germination of red-tassel sorghum seeds, in the step 1), the raw material components of the initiator solution further comprise: 3-4 g/L of physcion. Preferably, in step 1), the raw material components of the initiator solution further comprise: 2-2.5 g/L of amino oligosaccharin. Still more preferably, in step 1), the raw material components of the initiator solution further include: 1.8-2.2 g/L potassium bicarbonate.
Bacillus polymyxa (Lin 29463, shaanxi, mitsui, 50 hundred million CFU/g), trichoderma harzianum (Bayer, 3 hundred million CFU/g), borax (analytically pure), brassinolide (Chengdu Sanguinea Kogyo Co., ltd., 0.0075%), physcion (inner Mongolian Source Biotechnology Co., 0.5%), amino oligosaccharins (Henan Sanpu hundred grass bioengineering Co., ltd., 3%), potassium bicarbonate (analytically pure), bacillus thuringiensis (Shandong Lu Biopesticide Co., 8000 IU/. Mu.l).
In order to further promote germination of red-tassel sorghum seeds, in the step 1), the soaking time is 12-24 hours, and more preferably 12-16 hours; in the step 2), the mixture is dried back until the water content is 7 to 10 percent. When the soaking time is 12 hours and the priming back is 7%, the seed germination is best.
In order to further promote the improvement of the activity of the red-tassel sorghum seeds, in the step 2), the tempering temperature is 35-40 ℃ and the humidity is 42-80%.
In order to better ensure the vitality of the seeds, the seed is firstly dried for 20 to 30 minutes at 35+/-3 ℃, then dried for 20 to 30 minutes at 40+/-3 ℃, and finally dried to the water content of 7 to 15 percent at 45+/-3 ℃.
The preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: adding brassinolide and borax into water at the temperature of 10-25 ℃ for stirring and dissolving, adding bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain an initiator solution.
If physcion, amino-oligosaccharin and/or potassium bicarbonate are also included, physcion, amino-oligosaccharin and/or potassium bicarbonate are added to water along with brassinolide and borax.
The technology not mentioned in the present invention refers to the prior art.
According to the red-leaf sorghum seed priming and redrying method, the vigor of the seeds is enhanced through the cooperation of specific priming and redrying, the germination and seedling emergence of the red-leaf sorghum seeds are promoted, and the yield and seedling emergence uniformity of the red-leaf sorghum in the field are improved; the seed germination agent has the advantages of good stability, strong storage resistance, very stable germination rate when stored under variable temperature and constant temperature conditions, good seed viability after 1 year, and prolonged storage period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a carbendazim-treated seed (A), untreated seed (B, blank), treated seed (C) in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of untreated seeds (blank A) with treated seeds (B) of example 1 of the present invention for 15 days;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a comparison of untreated seed (blank A), treated seed (B) in inventive example 4, treated seed (C) in inventive example 2, and treated seed (D) in inventive example 1 for 28 days;
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples are further illustrated, but are not limited to the following examples.
The test is carried out in the laboratory of the university of Guizhou agricultural college, and the initiation treatment is carried out by using an artificial climate box under the conditions of the temperature of 18 ℃ and the humidity of 75%; drying back by using an oven under the condition of 45% of relative humidity (initial humidity); and the temperature and humidity are 25 ℃ and 50 percent, the illumination/darkness time is 16h/8h, and the illumination intensity is 187 mu mol/(m) in a manual climate box 2 S) germination experiments were performed under the conditions.
The material used for the test was sorghum red tassel seed, supplied by Guizhou red tassel agricultural technology development Co., ltd., 3 replicates were made in each case, and an average value of 70g was taken for each group.
The moisture content was measured with a grain moisture meter.
Bacillus polymyxa: 29463 of Shaanxi province, 50 hundred million CFU/g; trichoderma harzianum: 3 hundred million CFU/g, bayer Co., ltd; borax: analytically pure; brassinolide: chengdu Xin Chaoyang crop science Co., ltd, 0.0075%; physcion: 0.5% of inner Mongolian Qingqing Source Biotechnology Co., ltd; amino oligosaccharins: henan Sanpu Baicao bioengineering Co., ltd., 3%; potassium bicarbonate: analytically pure; bacillus thuringiensis: shandong Lu anti-biopesticide Co., ltd., 8000 IU/. Mu.l.
Example 1
The red-leaf sorghum seed priming and drying method comprises the following steps:
1) Soaking red-leaf sorghum seeds in an initiator solution at the temperature of 18 ℃ for 12 hours; wherein the raw material components of the initiator solution comprise: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 5.1ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5g/L of borax and 0.5g/L of brassinolide; the preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: adding brassinolide and borax into water at the temperature of 10-25 ℃ for stirring and dissolving, adding bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain an initiator solution;
2) Drying the seeds obtained in the step 1) at 35 ℃ for 25min, at 40 ℃ for 25min, and at 45 ℃ to water content of 7%.
Fig. 1 shows, in order, carbendazim treated seed a, untreated seed B (blank) and seed C treated in example 1, a photograph after one year of storage, it being evident that in the treatment in example 1, the integrity is very good, notably good a and B.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing that the seed (B) treated in example 1 of the present invention showed stronger and more uniform emergence and significantly better growth after 15 days of comparison between untreated seed (blank a) and treated seed (B) in example 1 of the present invention.
Example 2
Unlike example 1, the following is: the initiator solution comprises the following raw material components: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 5.1ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5g/L of borax, 0.5g/L of brassinolide and 3.33g/L of physcion; the preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: at the temperature of 10-25 ℃, brassinolide, borax and physcion are added into water for stirring and dissolving, then bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis are added, and the initiator solution is obtained after stirring and mixing evenly.
Example 3
Unlike example 1, the following is: the initiator solution comprises the following raw material components: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 5.1ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5g/L of borax, 0.5g/L of brassinolide, 3.33g/L of physcion and 2.25g/L of amino-oligosaccharin; the preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: at the temperature of 10-25 ℃, brassinolide, borax, physcion and amino-oligosaccharin are added into water for stirring and dissolution, then bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis are added, and the initiator solution is obtained after stirring and mixing uniformly.
Example 4
Unlike example 1, the following is: the initiator solution comprises the following raw material components: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 5.1ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.5g/L of borax, 0.5g/L of brassinolide, 3.33g/L of physcion, 2.25g/L of amino oligosaccharin and 2g/L of potassium bicarbonate; the preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: at the temperature of 10-25 ℃, brassinolide, borax, physcion, amino oligosaccharin and potassium bicarbonate are added into water for stirring and dissolving, and then bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis are added, and the initiator solution is obtained after stirring and mixing uniformly.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of untreated seeds (blank A), treated seeds (B) in inventive example 4, treated seeds (C) in inventive example 2, and treated seeds (D) in inventive example 1 for 28 days, and it is evident from the graph that the growth vigor of group A is significantly inferior to that of B, C and group D, and that the growth vigor of group B is the best, followed by group C.
Example 5
Unlike example 1, the following is: in the step 1), the soaking time is 24 hours;
comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, the following is: in the step 1), the soaking time is 8 hours;
comparative example 2
Unlike example 1, the following is: in step 2), the mixture is dried back until the water content is 5%.
Comparative example 3
Unlike example 1, the following is: the initiator solution comprises the following raw material components: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 0.5g/L of borax, 0.5g/L of brassinolide and 3.33g/L of physcion.
Table 1 germination Rate of sorghum seeds of Red tassel obtained in each example under different storage conditions
In the table above, the germination of seeds is based on the exposure of the seeds, and the germination number is recorded until the number is unchanged; blank is without any treatment of the seeds;
table 2 results of the viability test of the sorghum seeds of Red tassel obtained in each example
| Examples | Average vitality index | Average number of germination days | Average bud length |
| Example 1 | 99.24 | 4.31 | 4.06 |
| Example 2 | 99.36 | 4.30 | 4.10 |
| Example 3 | 99.29 | 4.30 | 4.12 |
| Example 4 | 99.56 | 4.28 | 4.12 |
| Blank space | 73.08 | 4.45 | 3.30 |
| Comparative example 1 | 78.79 | 4.40 | 3.46 |
| Comparative example 2 | 76.83 | 4.42 | 3.35 |
Claims (6)
1. A red tassel seed sorghum seed priming and drying method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) Soaking red-leaf sorghum seeds in an initiator solution at the temperature of 18 ℃ for 12 hours; wherein the raw material components of the initiator solution comprise: 1g/L of bacillus polymyxa, 5.1ml/L of bacillus thuringiensis, 7.42g/L of trichoderma harzianum, 0.5g/L of borax, 0.5g/L of brassinolide, 3.33g/L of physcion and 2.25g/L of amino-oligosaccharin;
2) And (3) drying the seeds obtained in the step (1) back until the water content is 7%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in step 1), the raw material components of the initiator solution further include: potassium bicarbonate 2g/L.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: in the step 2), the tempering temperature is 30-50 ℃ and the humidity is 42-80%.
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein: and the back drying is that the water content is 7-15% after the drying is carried out at 35+/-3 ℃ for 20-30 min, then at 40+/-3 ℃ for 20-30 min and finally at 45+/-3 ℃.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: and (3) adding brassinolide, borax, physcion and amino-oligosaccharin into water at the temperature of 10-25 ℃ for stirring and dissolving, adding bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain an initiator solution.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein: the preparation method of the initiator solution comprises the following steps: at the temperature of 10-25 ℃, brassinolide, borax, physcion, amino oligosaccharin and potassium bicarbonate are added into water for stirring and dissolving, and then bacillus polymyxa, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus thuringiensis are added, and the initiator solution is obtained after stirring and mixing uniformly.
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