CN114467054A - 具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件 - Google Patents

具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件 Download PDF

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CN114467054A
CN114467054A CN202080064241.6A CN202080064241A CN114467054A CN 114467054 A CN114467054 A CN 114467054A CN 202080064241 A CN202080064241 A CN 202080064241A CN 114467054 A CN114467054 A CN 114467054A
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金贞根
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Abstract

公开了一种具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件,该电致变色器件包括具有面向相反方向的第一表面和第二表面的电解质层、被设置在电解质层的第一表面上的电致变色层、被设置在电解质层的第二表面上的对电极层、被设置在相对于电致变色层与电解质层相反的表面上的第一透明电极层、以及被设置在相对于对电极层与电解质层相反的表面上的第二透明电极层,其中,第一透明电极层和第二透明电极层包括复合层,在所述复合层中层压了氧化物基电极层和金属基电极层,氧化物基电极层具有选自AZO、FTO和ITO的材料,金属基电极层具有选自银纳米线(AgNW)、PEDOT:PSS、石墨烯和金属网的材料。

Description

具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件
技术领域
本公开涉及一种具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件,更具体地,涉及以下具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件:其能够被形成为具有薄的厚度,从而不仅可以应用于玻璃制成的基板之间,还可以应用于柔性基板之间。
背景技术
本节提供与本公开相关的背景信息,所述背景信息不一定是现有技术。
作为用于实现可调节透光率的智能玻璃的技术,使用电致变色(EC)材料、聚合物分散液晶(PDLC)和悬浮粒子装置(SPD)的技术已经为人所知。
在这些技术中,使用电致变色材料的技术与使用PDLC和SPD的技术相比具有驱动电压和电力消耗低的优点。
使用电致变色材料的技术利用了材料的氧化还原反应。
一般而言,该技术提供了在玻璃基板上依次形成透明电极层、电致变色层、电解质层、对电极层和透明电极层的构造。
透明电极层允许或切断电力供应。电致变色层(WxOy、MoxOy等)是阴极着色材料,当电子和诸如Li+或H+之类的阳离子掺杂到电致变色层中时,电致变色层被着色,而当电子和阳离子从电致变色层释放时,电致变色层变得透明。相反,对电极层(VxOy、NixOy、IrxOy、MnxOy等)是阳极着色材料,当电子和诸如Li+或H+之类的阳离子从对电极层释放时,对电极层被着色,而当电子和阳离子被掺杂到对电极层中时,对电极层变得透明。
同时,使用电致变色材料的电致变色器件会随着离子材料的移动而改变颜色。因此,需要快速移动离子材料,以提高颜色改变效率并减少颜色改变时间。
低电阻值可以改进电致变色器件的操作(切换时间)。
一般而言,电致变色器件使用透明导电膜作为透明电极层,并且透明导电膜由掺铝氧化锌(AZO)、掺氟氧化锡(FTO)、氧化铟锡(ITO)、银纳米线(AgNW)、聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)等制成。
然而,当透明导电膜被制造为单膜时,电阻高达100ohm/sq或更高。此外,需要增加透明导电膜的厚度(约100nm或更大)以降低电阻值,并且可以获得约40ohm/sq的电阻。
然而,当使用由柔性材料制成的基板时,厚的透明导电膜被破坏,这可能导致电短路和电致变色器件的可靠性劣化。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开致力于提供一种具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件,该电致变色器件能够被形成为具有薄的厚度,从而不仅可以应用于玻璃制成的基板之间,还可以应用于柔性基板之间。
技术方案
本节提供了本公开的一般概要,并不是对其全部范围或所有特征的全面公开。
本公开的一个方面提供了一种具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件,该电致变色器件包括:电解质层,该电解质层具有指向相反方向的第一表面和第二表面;电致变色层,该电致变色层被设置在电解质层的第一表面上;对电极层,该对电极层被设置在电解质层的第二表面上;第一透明电极层,该第一透明电极层被设置在基于电致变色层与电解质层相反的表面上;以及第二透明电极层,该第二透明电极层被设置在基于对电极层与电解质层相反的表面上,其中,第一透明电极层和第二透明电极层各自被设为复合层,在该复合层中层压了氧化物基电极层和金属基电极层,该氧化物基电极层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:AZO、FTO和ITO,该金属基电极层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:银纳米线(AgNW)、PEDOT:PSS、石墨烯和金属网。
根据本公开的方面,第一透明电极层可以被设置在第一基板上,金属基电极层可以被设置在第一基板上,氧化物基电极层可以被设置在金属基电极层上,第二透明电极层可以被设置在第二基板上,金属基电极层可以被设置在第二基板上,并且氧化物基电极层可以被设置在金属基电极层上。
根据本公开的方面,该电致变色器件可以包括:第一电解质保护层,该第一电解质保护层被插在电解质层与电致变色层之间,被设置在第一表面上,并由钽氧化物(TaxOy,2≤x≤3,3≤y≤6)制成;以及第二电解质保护层,该第二电解质保护层被插在电解质层与对电极层之间,被设置在第二表面上,并由钽氧化物(TaxOy,2≤x≤3,3≤y≤6)制成。
根据本公开的方面,第一基板和第二基板由柔性聚合物或玻璃制成。
根据本公开的方面,第一透明电极层和第二透明电极层的金属基电极层可以具有40ohm/sq至60ohm/sq的薄层电阻的厚度,并且第一透明电极层和第二透明电极层的氧化物基电极层可以具有5ohm/sq至20ohm/sq的薄层电阻的厚度。
根据本公开的方面,电解质层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:LiAlF6、LiPON、凝胶和液体电解质,电致变色层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:WO3、聚苯胺和紫精,并且对电极层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:V2O5和NiO。
根据本公开的方面,电解质层、电致变色层和对电极层的厚度的和可以为100μm或更小。
有益效果
根据本公开,可以通过减小透明电极层的厚度同时保持低薄层电阻来提供具有柔性功能的电致变色器件。
根据本公开,将通过电解质保护层防止电致变色层和对电极层中俘获的离子使电致变色效率或可靠性退化。
附图说明
图1为例示了根据本公开的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件的第一实施方式的视图。
图2为例示了根据本公开的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件的第二实施方式的视图。
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参照附图详细描述根据本公开的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件的实施方式。
然而,应当注意,本公开的内在技术精神不受以下示例性实施方式的限制,并且本领域技术人员可以基于本公开的内在技术精神容易地替换或更改以下示例性实施方式。
此外,此处使用的术语是为了描述方便而选择的,并且在认识本公开的内在技术精神时应当适当地解释为符合本公开的技术精神的含义,而不限于字典含义。
图1为例示了根据本公开的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件的第一实施方式的视图。
参考图1,根据本实施方式的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件100包括电解质层110、电致变色层120、对电极层130、以及第一透明电极层140和第二透明电极层150。
电解质层110可以被设为具有指向相反方向的第一表面111和第二表面112的薄层(sheet)的形式。电解质层110可以由固体材料制成。另选地,电解质层110可以涂覆有液体,并且该液体可以通过紫外线固化。
电解质层110可以由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:LiAlF6、LiPON以及凝胶或液体电解质。
电致变色层120可以被设置在电解质层110的第一表面111上并且由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:WO3、聚苯胺和紫精。
对电极层130可以被设置在电解质层110的第二表面112上并且由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:V2O5和NiO。
第一透明电极层140被设置在基于电致变色层120与电解质层110相反的表面上。第二透明电极层150被设置在基于对电极层130与电解质层110相反的表面上。
在这种情况下,第一透明电极层140和第二透明电极层150各自被设为通过层压氧化物基电极层141或151和金属基电极层142或152制成的复合层,氧化物基电极层141或151由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:掺铝氧化锌(AZO)、掺氟氧化锡(FTO)和氧化铟锡(ITO),并且金属基电极层142或152由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:银纳米线(AgNW)、聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)、石墨烯和金属网。
因此,在根据本实施方式的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件100的情况下,电解质层110被定位在电致变色器件的中心,电致变色层120被设置在第一表面111上,并且被包括在第一透明电极层140中的氧化物基电极层141或151和金属基电极层142或152被依次设置在电致变色层上。此外,对电极层130被设置在第二表面112上,并且被包括在第二透明电极层150中的氧化物基电极层141或151和金属基电极层142或152被依次设置在对电极层130上。
此外,第一基板161被设置在第一透明电极层140的外表面(即,与第一表面111相反的表面)上,而第二基板162被设置在第二透明电极层150的外表面(即,与第二表面112相反的表面)上。
第一基板161和第二基板162可以由玻璃和柔性聚合物(例如,PET、PI和PEN)制成。
在这种情况下,金属基电极层142和152各自具有40ohm/sq至60ohm/sq的薄层电阻的厚度。第一透明电极层140的氧化物基电极层141和第二透明电极层150的氧化物基电极层151各自具有5ohm/sq至20ohm/sq的薄层电阻的厚度。
此外,电解质层110、电致变色层120和对电极层130的厚度的和可以为100μm或更小。
根据本实施方式的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件100可以通过以下方式来制造:制备第一层,所述第一层通过以下方式来制造:在第一基板161上设置第一透明电极层140的金属基电极层142或152,在金属基电极层142或152上设置氧化物基电极层141或151,并在氧化物基电极层141或151上设置电致变色层120;制备第二层,所述第二层通过以下方式来制造:在第二基板162上设置第二透明电极层150的金属基电极层142或152,在金属基电极层142或152上设置氧化物基电极层141或151,并在氧化物基电极层141或151上设置对电极层130;以及在将电解质层110设置在第一层与第二层之间的同时接合第一层和第二层。
因此,可以通过减小透明电极层的厚度同时保持低薄层电阻来提供具有柔性功能的电致变色器件。
图2为例示了根据本公开的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件的第二实施方式的视图。
参考图2,根据本实施方式的具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件100除了根据第一实施方式的组件之外还包括第一电解质保护层211和第二电解质保护层212。
这是为了通过电解质保护层防止电致变色层120和对电极层130中俘获的离子使电致变色效率或可靠性退化。
第一电解质保护层211被插在电解质层110与电致变色层120之间,并被设置在第一表面111上。
第二电解质保护层212被插在电解质层110与对电极层130之间,并被设置在第二表面112上。
第一电解质保护层211和第二电解质保护层212可以各自由钽氧化物(TaxOy,2≤x≤3,3≤y≤6)制成,特别是由Ta2O5制成。
因此,该电致变色器件即使在施加3V至5.5V电压的宽电场中也很稳定。此外,该电致变色器件还可以在正电极之间具有优异的接触性能,从而改善充电和放电特性并减少界面电阻。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有低电阻透明电极结构的电致变色器件,所述电致变色器件包括:
电解质层,所述电解质层具有指向相反方向的第一表面和第二表面;
电致变色层,所述电致变色层被设置在所述电解质层的所述第一表面上;
对电极层,所述对电极层被设置在所述电解质层的所述第二表面上;
第一透明电极层,所述第一透明电极层被设置在基于所述电致变色层与所述电解质层相反的表面上;以及
第二透明电极层,所述第二透明电极层被设置在基于所述对电极层与所述电解质层相反的表面上,
其中,所述第一透明电极层和所述第二透明电极层各自被设为复合层,在所述复合层中层压了氧化物基电极层和金属基电极层,所述氧化物基电极层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:AZO、FTO和ITO,并且所述金属基电极层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:银纳米线(AgNW)、PEDOT:PSS、石墨烯和金属网。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电致变色器件,其中,所述第一透明电极层被设置在所述第一基板上,所述金属基电极层被设置在所述第一基板上,所述氧化物基电极层被设置在所述金属基电极层上,所述第二透明电极层被设置在第二基板上,所述金属基电极层被设置在所述第二基板上,并且所述氧化物基电极层被设置在所述金属基电极层上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的电致变色器件,所述电致变色器件包括:
第一电解质保护层,所述第一电解质保护层被插在所述电解质层与所述电致变色层之间,被设置在所述第一表面上,并由钽氧化物(TaxOy,2≤x≤3,3≤y≤6)制成;以及
第二电解质保护层,所述第二电解质保护层被插在所述电解质层与所述对电极层之间,被设置在所述第二表面上,并由钽氧化物(TaxOy,2≤x≤3,3≤y≤6)制成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的电致变色器件,其中,所述第一基板和所述第二基板由柔性聚合物或玻璃制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电致变色器件,其中,所述第一透明电极层和所述第二透明电极层的所述金属基电极层具有40ohm/sq至60ohm/sq的薄层电阻的厚度,并且所述第一透明电极层和所述第二透明电极层的所述氧化物基电极层具有5ohm/sq至20ohm/sq的薄层电阻的厚度。
6.根据权利要求1或3所述的电致变色器件,其中,所述电解质层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:LiAlF6、LiPON以及凝胶和液体电解质,所述电致变色层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:WO3、聚苯胺和紫精,并且所述对电极层由从包括以下项的组中选择的材料制成:V2O5和NiO。
7.根据权利要求1所述的电致变色器件,其中,所述电解质层、所述电致变色层和所述对电极层的厚度的和为100μm或更小。
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