CN114454568A - 煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲pvc管材及其制备方法 - Google Patents
煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲pvc管材及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 title description 44
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 title description 43
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- 239000004609 Impact Modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- OCKWAZCWKSMKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-octadecanoyloxy-2,2-bis(octadecanoyloxymethyl)propyl] octadecanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OCKWAZCWKSMKNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- HGYMQZVPTMKXGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)sulfanylnaphthalen-2-ol Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(SC3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 HGYMQZVPTMKXGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyromellitic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O CYIDZMCFTVVTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraantimony hexaoxide Chemical group O1[Sb](O2)O[Sb]3O[Sb]1O[Sb]2O3 YEAUATLBSVJFOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LKAVYBZHOYOUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;2-methylprop-2-enoic acid;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.CC(=C)C(O)=O.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 LKAVYBZHOYOUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- YAHBZWSDRFSFOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimethyltin(2+);2-(2-ethylhexoxy)-2-oxoethanethiolate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CS[Sn](C)(C)SCC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC YAHBZWSDRFSFOO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- OYGYKEULCAINCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(hexadecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC OYGYKEULCAINCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 26
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
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- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-IGMARMGPSA-N Carbon-12 Chemical group [12C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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Abstract
本发明涉及煤矿用塑料管材技术领域,具体涉及一种煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材及其制备方法。所述煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,由内外皮层和芯层组成,内外皮层由以下原料制成:PVC树脂A、有机锡稳定剂A、抗冲改性剂A、碳纳米管、增塑剂、抗氧剂A、润滑剂A、阻燃剂;芯层由以下质量份数的原料制成:PVC树脂B、有机锡稳定剂B、抗冲改性剂B、加工助剂、抗氧剂B、润滑剂B、着色剂、填料。本发明的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,采用三层复合结构,管材内外表面具有良好的长期导电性能,管材抗冲击性高、耐腐蚀性好,使PVC管材阻燃抗静电性能满足矿用聚氯乙烯管材标准,物理机械性能满足城镇建设行业标准。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿用塑料管材技术领域,具体涉及一种煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材及其制备方法。
背景技术
长期以来,煤矿均采用铸铁管道进行井下排水、通风、吸尘。由于铸铁管易腐蚀,搬运、安装不方便,使用寿命短,成本高。聚氯乙烯(PVC)管材具有许多金属管材无法比拟的优点:质轻价廉,安装操作简单,耐腐蚀,阻燃性好,在许多领域已经逐步替代金属管材。但是,PVC是良好的绝缘体,表面电阻大,导电性能差,在煤矿等易产生静电的场合,会因静电积聚而引起火灾或瓦斯爆炸。同时,由于煤矿井中环境恶劣,管道经常受到冲击和碰撞,这就要求管材必须达到一定的物理机械强度,提高PVC管材的具有长期的阻燃抗静电效果、解决管材的刚韧平衡抗冲击性能是管材配方设计的关键。
专利CN103131096A公开了一种高抗冲PVC矿用管及其制法,由内外皮层和芯层构成,内外皮层由如下原料制成:平均聚合度为1000-1100的PVC树脂100份,导电炭黑8-11份,热稳定剂5-6份,润滑剂1-2份,低分子聚乙烯蜡1-2份,高抗冲击性改性剂12-20份;芯层由如下原料制成:平均聚合度为1000-1100的PVC树脂100份,热稳定剂4-5份,润滑剂0.2-0.3份,低分子聚乙烯蜡0.2-0.3份,高抗冲击性改性剂10-12份。该管材具有内外表面长久抗静电,管材抗冲击性高,耐低温的性能好。
专利CN106432958A公开了一种导静电PVC矿用管的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)将PVC树脂和二维平面结构的纳米碳材料加入到捏合机中捏合,得到PVC/纳米碳母料;(2)向PVC/纳米碳母料中按比例加入PVC树脂、导电炭黑、增容剂、热稳定剂、润滑剂和加工助剂,先搅拌混合,再进行熔融、挤出,成型后即得到成品矿用管。
上述专利涉及的高抗冲管材没有常温高速冲击试验,内外层用导电炭黑做抗静电剂不仅用量大,也会引起加工挤出电流高、管材物理机械性能差、管材表面光洁度偏低,管材挤出困难。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,采用三层复合结构,管材内外表面具有良好的长期导电性能,管材抗冲击性高、耐腐蚀性好,使PVC管材阻燃抗静电性能满足矿用聚氯乙烯管材标准MT558.2-2005,物理机械性能满足城镇建设行业标准CJ/T 272-2008的指标要求;本发明还提供其制备方法。
本发明所述煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,由内外皮层和芯层组成,内外皮层由以下质量份数的原料制成:
芯层由以下质量份数的原料制成:
PVC树脂A为平均聚合度700的树脂(S-700);PVC树脂B为平均聚合度1000的树脂(S-1000)。
抗冲击改性剂A为氯化聚乙烯(CPE)。
抗冲击改性剂B为乳液聚合的具有核-壳结构的甲基丙烯酸酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元接枝共聚物(MBS),核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物中丁二烯所占的质量分数为35-40%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为1.8-2.2:2.8-3.2;
优选地,核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物中丁二烯所占的质量分数为36-38%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为2:3。
碳纳米管为矩阵型碳纳米管,平均直径7-15nm,平均长度大于5μm,纯度大于97%,比表面积520-550m2/g。优选为韩国LG公司MWNT-10阵列型碳纳米管。该碳纳米管与缠绕型碳纳米管相比长径比小,容易分散;与导电炭黑相比,导电性能能好,用量少,相同导电性能,导电炭黑用量是阵列型碳纳米管的5-6倍。本发明使用阵列型碳纳米管与PVC树脂相容性好,有效提高了碳纳米管的分散效果,提高管材内外层的导电性能,并且易于加工成型。
抗氧剂A和抗氧剂B均为50-75wt%的受阻酚主抗氧剂与25-50wt%的亚磷酸酯辅助抗氧剂混合,受阻酚主抗氧剂为1,1’-硫代双(2-萘酚),亚磷酸酯辅助抗氧剂为亚磷酸三异癸酯。
润滑剂A为25-50wt%内润滑剂和50-75wt%的外润滑剂混合,内润滑剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡(316A),外润滑剂为季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯(PTES);润滑剂B为30-50wt%内润滑剂和50-70wt%的外润滑剂混合,内润滑剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡(316A),外润滑剂为季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯(PTES)。其中,PTES的外润滑性能好,管材挤出过程中有效减小制品与设备内壁的摩擦,管材表面光泽度高。
有机锡稳定剂A和有机锡稳定剂B均为硫醇甲基锡TM-181。
增塑剂为均苯四甲酸(2-乙基己)酯(TOPM)。
阻燃剂为Sb2O3。
加工助剂为丙烯酸酯类共聚物(ACR),优选ACR-401。
着色剂为钛白粉与炭黑的混合物,钛白粉优选为金红石型钛白粉,如R-902。
填料为表面经十六烷基三乙氧基硅烷处理的活性纳米碳酸钙。
优选地,所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材组合物,内外皮层由以下质量份数的原料制成:
芯层由以下质量份数的原料制成:
本发明所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的制备方法,步骤如下:
(1)按照内外皮层原料配方,将PVC树脂A、有机锡稳定剂A、抗冲改性剂A、碳纳米管、抗氧剂A、润滑剂A加入高速混合机A内,启动搅拌,转速为1000-1400r/min,当料温达75-85℃时,加入增塑剂混合8-10min,然后加入阻燃剂继续搅拌混合2-3min,放入低速混合器A中搅拌并冷却至35-45℃,得到内皮层挤出料;
以同样的原料配方和制备方法,高速混合机C和低速混合器C中制备得到外皮层挤出料;
(2)按照芯层原料配方,将PVC树脂B、有机锡稳定剂B、抗冲改性剂B、抗氧剂B、润滑剂B、加工助剂加入高速混合机B内,启动搅拌,转速为1000-1400r/min,当料温达80-90℃时,将填料、着色剂加入高速混合机B中混合8-10min,待混合料温达到110-120℃,放入低速混合器B中搅拌并冷却至35-45℃,得到芯层挤出料;
(3)采用三层共挤工艺,将内外层挤出料和芯层挤出料同时挤出,得到煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材。
步骤(3)中,芯层挤出机温度参数为:1区185℃,2区180℃,3区175℃,4区170℃,合流芯160℃,机头一区190℃,机头二区200℃;
内外皮层挤出机温度参数为:1区180℃,2区175℃,3区170℃,4区165℃,合流芯155℃,机头一区185℃,机头二区190℃。
步骤(3)中,制备的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的内皮层、外皮层和芯层的厚度比为1:1:6。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明中,内外抗静电皮层应用阵列型碳纳米管有效提高了碳纳米管的分散效果,提高管材内外层的导电性能,用量少且易于加工成型;
(2)本发明给出了特定组成和结构比例的抗冲改性剂MBS与复合抗氧剂形成良好的协同稳定作用,分散均匀,有效提高了管材的抗冲击性能;
(3)本发明所使用的季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯PTES有很好的外润滑作用,大大减少了在挤出过程中管壁与设备的摩擦,与316A由很好协同润滑效果,能有效提高熔体的加工流动性,提高管材的生产效率;
(4)本发明所采用的经活化处理的纳米碳酸钙与PVC树脂有很好的相容性,加入适量活性纳米碳酸钙可不降低管材韧性的情况下有效增加管材的刚性;
(5)本发明制备的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材完全达到MT558.2-2005(矿用聚氯乙烯管材标准)和城镇建设行业标准CJ/T 272-2008标准要求,并通过了0℃落锤冲击试验,常温高速冲击试验结果为落锤韧性穿过而无脆性破裂。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。
实施例1-5
实施例1-5为煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的内外防静电皮层,各实施例配方如表1所示。
表1实施例1-5的内外皮层配方(以重量份计)
原料 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 |
S-700 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
TM-181 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
CPE | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 |
MWNT-10 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
topM | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 |
316A | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
PTES | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
1,1’-硫代双(2-萘酚) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.11 | 0.12 |
亚磷酸三异癸酯 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
对比例1-8
对比例1-8为煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的内外防静电皮层,各对比例配方如表2所示。
表2对比例1-8的内外皮层配方(以重量份计)
将实施例1-5和对比例1-8按配方称取,先将PVC树脂S-700、有机锡稳定剂TM-181、抗冲改性剂CPE、抗静电剂(MWNT-10或缠绕型CNT或导电炭黑)、抗氧剂(1,1’-硫代双(2-萘酚)和亚磷酸三异癸酯)、润滑剂(316A和PTES)加入已预热的高速混合机内,启动搅拌(转速为1200r/min),当料温达80℃时,将增塑剂TOPM加入高速混合机中混合8min,待增塑剂被PVC树脂充分吸收后加入阻燃剂Sb2O3,继续搅拌混合3min,放入低速混合器中搅拌并冷却至40℃。
将混合好的物料双辊开炼机塑化开片,应用压机压制成200mm×200mm×4mm、200mm×200mm×1mm的两种样片。双辊开片温度160℃;模压工艺:温度180℃、塑化4min,塑化工艺:温度180℃、压力15MPa、保压3min。
应用仿形机制得80mm×10mm×4mm样条用于垂直燃烧试验,应用仿形机制得150mm×10mm×4mm样条用于拉伸试验,用冲模机制得厚度1mm的圆形样片进行表面电阻的测试实验。
实施例1-5和对比例1-8的内外皮层性能检测结果如表3。
表3实施例1-5和对比例1-8的内外皮层性能检测结果
项目 | 表面电阻,Ω | 有焰燃烧,s | 无焰燃烧,s | 拉伸强度,MPa |
性能要求 | <1.0×10<sup>6</sup> | <3 | <20 | >40 |
实施例1 | 4.6×10<sup>4</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.5 |
实施例2 | 3.5×10<sup>4</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.4 |
实施例3 | 1.1×10<sup>4</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.4 |
实施例4 | 2.3×10<sup>4</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.2 |
实施例5 | 3.1×10<sup>4</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.1 |
对比例1 | 5.2×10<sup>7</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.1 |
对比例2 | 2.1×10<sup>7</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.3 |
对比例3 | 3.0×10<sup>6</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.3 |
对比例4 | 3.0×10<sup>4</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.4 |
对比例5 | 4.3×10<sup>8</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.1 |
对比例6 | 3.6×10<sup>7</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.2 |
对比例7 | 1.8×10<sup>6</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.2 |
对比例8 | 1.2×10<sup>5</sup> | 合格 | 合格 | 40.3 |
从表3可以看出,实施例1-5的阵列型碳纳米管的分散性能好,用量少;与胡对比例1-8相比,1.8份阵列型碳纳米管的用量较2.8份缠绕型碳纳米管和12份导电炭黑用量材料的导电性能要优异;其中实施例3为最优内外皮层配方。
实施例6-10
实施例6-10为煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的芯层,各实施例配方如表4所示。
表4实施例6-10的芯层配方(以重量份计)
实施例6中,抗冲改性剂MBS的核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物,其中丁二烯含量为36wt%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为2.2:2.8;实施例7、8中抗冲改性剂MBS的核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物,其中丁二烯含量为37.5wt%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为2:3;实施例9、10中抗冲改性剂MBS的核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物,其中丁二烯含量为38wt%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为1.8:3.2。
对比例9-16
对比例9-16为煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的芯层,各对比例配方如表5所示。
表5对比例9-16的芯层配方(以重量份计)
对比例9、10中抗冲改性剂MBS的核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物,其中丁二烯含量为37.5wt%,壳层只含有甲基丙烯酸甲酯;对比例11、12中抗冲改性剂为氯化乙烯CPE-135A;对比例13、14抗冲改性剂为ACM-M,抗冲改性剂是由交联的丙烯酸丁酯聚合体为核、与PVC相容性好的甲基丙烯酸酯聚合体为壳,再与氯乙烯按适当比例共聚制得,其特点是具有多层结构的高分子弹性体;对比例14、15中抗冲改性剂MBS的核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物,其中丁二烯含量为37.5wt%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为2:3。
将实施例6-10和对比例9-16按配方称取,先将PVC树脂S-1000、有机锡稳定剂TM-181、抗冲改性剂(MBS或CPE或ACM-M)、抗氧剂(1,1’-硫代双(2-萘酚)、亚磷酸三异癸酯)、润滑剂(316A、PTES、PE蜡、ZB-74)、加工助剂ACR-401加入已预热的高速混合机内,启动搅拌(转速为1400r/min),当料温达85℃时将活性纳米碳酸钙、钛白粉R-902和炭黑加入高速混合机中混合10min,待混合料温达到115℃时,放入低速混合器中搅拌并冷却至40℃。
将混合好的物料双辊开炼机塑化开片,应用压机压制成200mm×200mm×4mm、200mm×200mm×1mm的两种样片。双辊开片温度180℃;模压工艺:温度185℃、塑化5min,塑化工艺:温度185℃、压力20MPa、保压5min。
应用仿形机制得80mm×10mm×4mm样条用于简支梁冲击试验,应用仿形机制得150mm×10mm×4mm样条用于拉伸试验;应用Brabendar试验机对配混料进行塑化试验,试验温度180℃、转速60rpm。
实施例6-10和对比例9-16的芯层性能检测结果如表6。
表6实施例6-10和对比例9-18的芯层性能检测结果
从表6可以看出,壳层结构中只含有甲基丙烯酸甲酯的MBS、CPE和ACM-M等抗冲改性剂的增韧效果远低于特殊结构的MBS的增韧效果。从Brabendar塑化平衡扭矩看,单独使用316A或PETS都会使塑化平衡扭矩偏高,塑化效果不好;316A与PETS复合润滑效果明显优于PE蜡和ZB-74的复合润滑效果,塑化平衡扭矩低有利于提高管材的挤出速度,提高管材产量。其中实施例8为最佳芯层试验原料配比。
实施例11
采用实施例3的内外皮层原料配方和实施例8的芯层原料配方,进行挤出管材生产试验,方法如下:
(1)原料配比:按实施例3的内外皮层原料配方和实施例8的芯层原料配方称好物料,然后加入到不同的高速混合机混合,至混合温度115℃,将物料放到低速混合机,待物料温度冷却至40℃左右时出料。
(2)挤管工艺:采用三层共挤工艺,管材规格为Φ160×0.8×4.0,内皮层、外皮层和芯层的厚度比为1:1:6;
芯层挤出机温度(℃):
内外皮层挤出机温度(℃):
按照标准MT558.2-2005(矿用聚氯乙烯管材标准)和城镇建设行业标准CJ/T 272-2008对挤出管材进行检测,其结果见表7。
表7挤出管材检测结果
从表7可以看出,本发明采用特殊组成结构设计的MBS作为抗冲改性剂,采用316A和PTES的高效协同润滑剂设计煤矿抗静电管材的中间芯层配方,保证了芯层管的刚韧平衡和低负荷易挤出加工性能;同时采用特种结构的阵列型碳纳米管改性管材内外层配方,以最小的填充用量使矿用管内外层获得足够的抗静电效果和优异的物理机械性能;三层复合共挤出的管材阻燃抗静电性能满足了MT558.2-2005(矿用聚氯乙烯管材标准)要求,物理性能满足了CJ/T 272-2008(城镇建设行业标准)的指标要求,从根本上解决了PVC煤矿用管材当前存在的力学性能差,阻燃抗静电不稳定、在煤矿井下使用质量事故频发的技术难题。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,其特征在于:PVC树脂A为平均聚合度700的树脂;PVC树脂B为平均聚合度1000的树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,其特征在于:抗冲击改性剂A为氯化聚乙烯;
抗冲击改性剂B为乳液聚合的具有核-壳结构的甲基丙烯酸酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯三元接枝共聚物,核层丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物中丁二烯所占的质量分数为35-40%,壳层甲基丙烯酸乙酯与甲基丙烯酸丁酯的质量比为1.8-2.2:2.8-3.2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,其特征在于:碳纳米管为矩阵型碳纳米管,平均直径7-15nm,纯度大于97%,比表面积520-550m2/g。
5.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,其特征在于:抗氧剂A和抗氧剂B均为50-75wt%的受阻酚主抗氧剂与25-50wt%的亚磷酸酯辅助抗氧剂混合,受阻酚主抗氧剂为1,1’-硫代双(2-萘酚),亚磷酸酯辅助抗氧剂为亚磷酸三异癸酯。
6.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,其特征在于:润滑剂A为25-50wt%内润滑剂和50-75wt%的外润滑剂混合,内润滑剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡,外润滑剂为季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯;
润滑剂B为30-50wt%内润滑剂和50-70wt%的外润滑剂混合,内润滑剂为氧化聚乙烯蜡,外润滑剂为季戊四醇四硬脂酸酯。
7.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材,其特征在于:有机锡稳定剂A和有机锡稳定剂B均为硫醇甲基锡TM-181;
增塑剂为均苯四甲酸(2-乙基己)酯;
阻燃剂为Sb2O3;
加工助剂为丙烯酸酯类共聚物;
着色剂为钛白粉与炭黑的混合物;
填料为表面经十六烷基三乙氧基硅烷处理的活性纳米碳酸钙。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤如下:
(1)按照内外皮层原料配方,将PVC树脂A、有机锡稳定剂A、抗冲改性剂A、碳纳米管、抗氧剂A、润滑剂A加入高速混合机A内,启动搅拌,转速为1000-1400r/min,当料温达75-85℃时,加入增塑剂混合8-10min,然后加入阻燃剂继续搅拌混合2-3min,放入低速混合器A中搅拌并冷却至35-45℃,得到内皮层挤出料;
以同样的原料配方和制备方法,高速混合机C和低速混合器C中制备得到外皮层挤出料;
(2)按照芯层原料配方,将PVC树脂B、有机锡稳定剂B、抗冲改性剂B、抗氧剂B、润滑剂B、加工助剂加入高速混合机B内,启动搅拌,转速为1000-1400r/min,当料温达80-90℃时,将填料、着色剂加入高速混合机B中混合8-10min,待混合料温达到110-120℃,放入低速混合器B中搅拌并冷却至35-45℃,得到芯层挤出料;
(3)采用三层共挤工艺,将内外层挤出料和芯层挤出料同时挤出,得到煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材。
9.根据权利要求8所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,芯层挤出机温度参数为:1区185℃,2区180℃,3区175℃,4区170℃,合流芯160℃,机头一区190℃,机头二区200℃;
内外皮层挤出机温度参数为:1区180℃,2区175℃,3区170℃,4区165℃,合流芯155℃,机头一区185℃,机头二区190℃。
10.根据权利要求8所述的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,制备的煤矿用抽放瓦斯高抗冲PVC管材的内皮层、外皮层和芯层的厚度比为1:1:6。
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