CN114451291A - Breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerization rice - Google Patents

Breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerization rice Download PDF

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CN114451291A
CN114451291A CN202111632711.7A CN202111632711A CN114451291A CN 114451291 A CN114451291 A CN 114451291A CN 202111632711 A CN202111632711 A CN 202111632711A CN 114451291 A CN114451291 A CN 114451291A
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吴殿星
舒小丽
杨紫涵
周亦
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Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
    • A01H6/4636—Oryza sp. [rice]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerization rice, which comprises the steps of taking nutrition rice as a male parent and a sterile line S as a female parent, backcrossing with the female parent after hybridization, selfing again and harvesting filial generation seeds; selecting fertile sterile line plants from the progeny; selecting sterile line S 'with purple seed coat'1(ii) a Selecting and remaining homozygous stable sterile line S 'with high black color, high black rice pigment content, high resistant starch content and high iron content of offspring'2(ii) a Selecting sterile line S 'with good progeny flowering habit by using the sterile line S as a reference'3(ii) a Indoor and outdoor identification of sterile line S'3Sterility of (1) selecting and retaining sterile line S'4And is matched with a restoring line R in pairs; selecting and retaining hybrid F with strong heterosis1The generation plant and the corresponding sterile line S' are finally bred into the new multi-nutrition polymerized rice variety. The breeding method can obtain moreThe nutritious polymerized rice has the advantages of high yield, high quality, disease resistance and other comprehensive characteristics, and has the characteristics of high black rice pigment, high resistant starch content and high Fe/Zn content.

Description

Breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerization rice
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, in particular to a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerization rice.
Background
Under the background that the current life style of people is obviously different and the rhythm is obviously fast, the dietary structure is changed greatly, various chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cancer and the like are frequently caused year by year, the pain is brought to the society and families, and the fashionable health pursuit becomes a fashionable health pursuit. The colored rice is rich in iron, zinc, trace nutrient elements, natural pigment and various physiological active substances for preventing various chronic diseases, is a healthy choice for a plurality of consumers, and is also an important component of the traditional food and drug homology dietary culture in China.
Resistant Starch (RS) is a general name of Starch and Starch degradation products which are difficult to digest and absorb in the small intestine of a healthy human body, has important physiological functions of reducing blood sugar, reducing blood fat, controlling weight, being beneficial to intestinal health and the like, and has special significance for diabetics and weight-losing people. In addition, micronutrient deficiencies such as iron and zinc affect the health of about 38% of pregnant women and 43% of preschool children worldwide, and about 1.65 billion of children with problems of cognitive development and physical development due to growth retardation worldwide.
On the basis of pursuing high yield, high quality and disease resistance in classical crop breeding, functional crops pay more attention to the improvement of nutrition and economic value, bear the mission of guaranteeing the nutrition and the life health of people, and are also responsible for the era mission of promoting the traditional 'food crops' into 'food-economic compatible crops'.
Therefore, the breeding method of the multi-nutrition polymerization rice is provided, and meets the requirements of national supply side innovation and great health.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice, and the multi-nutrition polymerized rice obtained by the breeding method not only has the advantages of high yield, high quality, disease resistance and other comprehensive properties, but also has the characteristics of high black rice pigment, high resistant starch content and high iron content.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for breeding multi-nutrition polymerized rice comprises the following steps:
(1) hybridizing the nutritive rice as male parent and the sterile line S in the two-line hybrid rice and its parent combination as female parent, backcrossing the obtained filial generation with female parent n times to obtain BCnF1Generation; BCnF1After generation selfing, BC is harvestednF2Seed generation;
(2) mixing BCnF2Planting for single plant generation, selecting male sterile plant with pollen abortion during blooming, cutting the pile for regeneration, and selecting sterile plant to be fertile; harvesting according to single plant at maturity, checking appearance of grains, and selecting and reserving sterile line S 'of purple seed coat'1Harvesting of BCnF3Seed generation;
(3) to BCnF3Line planting is carried out in generation, the seed coat color, the resistant starch content and the iron content of the sterile line are identified, and the homozygous stable sterile line S 'with high blackness, high black rice pigment content, high resistant starch content and high iron content is selected'2Harvesting of BCnF4Seed generation;
(4) planting BC with sterile line S as contrastnF4Generation, identification of BCnF4Substitute sterile line S'2Sterility, flowering habit and agronomic trait of the plants, selecting a sterile line S 'with good flowering habit'3Harvesting of BCnF5Seed generation;
(5) planting BCnF5Instead, identification of sterile line S 'indoors and outdoors'3Selecting sterile line S 'with sterility conforming to the characteristics of the sterile line'4Harvesting of BC4F6Replacing seeds and preparing sterile line S'4Paired matching with restoring line R to obtain hybrid F1Seed generation;
(6) planting BC4F6Generation and hybrid F1Generation, identification of hybrid F1Heterosis of generations, and determination of sterile line S'4The black rice pigment content, the resistant starch content and the iron content are adopted, and the hybrid F with strong hybrid vigor is selected and remained1Generation plants and corresponding sterile lines S';
(7) constructing sterile line S', restoring line R and two-line hybrid rice combination, and finally breeding the new multi-nutrient polymerized rice variety.
Further, the nutritional rice is rice and thunberg fritillary bulb 111.
Among them, Zhe radiation 111 has applied for protection and authorization of new plant variety to the agricultural rural area (variety title: CNA 20080431.6).
Further, the two lines of hybrid rice are Zheda Ziliangyu No. 1; in the parent combination, the sterile line S is Zheda purple 1S, and the restorer line R is Zhejiang radiation 01.
Wherein the sterile line S is Zheda purple 1S, which is a purple rice temperature-sensitive sterile line bred by Zhejiang university. The variety has been approved by the committee for crop variety approval in Zhejiang province (Zhejiang examined rice [ sterile line ]2021008) in 2021, and new plant variety protection is applied to the agricultural rural area (application number: 20201005465).
The restorer line R is Zhejiang rice 01, is an excellent restorer line bred by Zhejiang university, is combined with Zhejiang purple 1S to prepare purple rice hybrid rice No. 1 (Zhejiang rice 2021036), has been examined by the crop variety examination committee in Zhejiang province in 2021, and applies for new plant variety protection office in rural areas to apply for accepting new plant variety protection (application No. 20201006977).
Further, in the step (1), n is 3-5 times.
Further, in the step (3), the blackness degree is more than or equal to 90%, the black rice pigment is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch is more than or equal to 10%, and the iron is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, which are respectively used as the judgment standards of high blackness degree, high black rice pigment, high resistant starch and high iron.
Further, in the step (4), the judgment standard of good flowering habit is that the flowers are concentrated at 9: 30-11: 30 in the morning on normal sunny days, and the stigma exposure rate is more than or equal to 40%.
Further, in the step (5), the sterile line characteristics are based on the ministry of promulgation NY/T215-2006.
Further, in the step (5), the kernel rice is taken as a reference, the judgment indexes of strong heterosis are that the yield is more than or equal to 500 kg/mu, the black chroma is more than or equal to 90 percent, the pigment content of the black rice is more than or equal to 2.30 percent, the resistant starch content is more than or equal to 10 percent, the iron content is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, the rice blast is resisted, and the rice quality is the rice eating quality which meets the three-level and above standards issued by Ministry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention is based on multi-nutrition character and target two-line hybrid rice, and selects the multi-nutrition polymerized rice in a targeted way, and obviously improves the pigment content, resistant starch content and iron content of the black rice while keeping the advantages of the target hybrid rice similar to the comprehensive characters of high yield, high quality, disease resistance and the like, thereby meeting the requirements of national supply side innovation and major health.
(2) The method of the invention only specially improves the two-line sterile line S by utilizing the functional nutritional genetic expression characteristics of dominant inheritance or maternal effect of the characters such as resistant starch, purple seed coat and the like and taking the target two-line hybrid rice combination as the basis, thereby obviously shortening the breeding time of 7-8 generations and having the outstanding advantages of simplicity, high efficiency.
(3) The multi-nutrient polymerized rice obtained by the invention has higher resistant starch content and iron content, so that the multi-nutrient polymerized rice has lower estimated glycemic index, is particularly suitable for people with diabetes and hyperlipidemia, has better functional quality and characteristics, is required by current health, and is a synergistic bright point for future value development.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, which are only illustrative of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The breeding method provided in the following examples is a breeding method of multi-nutrient polymerized rice based on Zheda purple double-excellent No. 1 hybrid rice containing 111 Zheda spokes and purple rice (sterile Zheda purple 1S, restorer Zheda spokes 01).
Wherein the nutritious rice A is a high-resistance starch variety Zhejiang university, has applied for the protection and authorization of new plant varieties to the agricultural rural ministry (variety certificate number: CNA20080431.6), and can be purchased from the institute of atomic agriculture science of Zhejiang university.
The sterile line Zheda purple 1S is a purple rice temperature-sensitive sterile line bred by Zhejiang university. The variety has been approved by the committee for crop variety approval in Zhejiang province (Zhejiang rice [ sterile line ]2021008) in 2021, and applies for the protection of new plant variety rights in agricultural rural areas (application number: 20201005465), and is available from the institute of atomic nucleus agriculture science in Zhejiang university.
The restorer line Zhejiang radiation 01 is a restorer line bred by Zhejiang university, is newly combined with Zhejiang purple 1S hybrid rice Zhejiang purple No. 1 (Zhejiang examined rice 2021036), is approved by the variety approval committee of Zhejiang crops in 2021, applies for new plant variety protection office in rural areas to apply for accepting new variety protection (application number: 20201006977), and can be purchased from the institute of nuclear agriculture science of Zhejiang university.
Example 1 genetic expression Studies of resistant starch and purple seed coat
Subjecting the Zhejiang rice spoke 111 rich in nutrients, the sterile line Zheda purple 1S and the restorer line Zhejiang spoke 01 to reciprocal hybridization, and subjecting the hybrid F1The analysis of the nutritional quality shows that the Zheda purple 1S is used as either the female parent or the male parent, and the hybrid F1All appear as purple seed coats, indicating hybrid F1To show inheritance; when Zhe radiation 111 is used as female parent only, hybrid F1High resistant starch content was exhibited as shown in table 1. The result shows that the theoretical basis is provided for the targeted improvement based on Zhejiang purple Liangyou No. 1, and only simple, efficient and special improvement of Zhejiang purple 1S is needed.
TABLE 1 genetic expression analysis of resistant starch and purple seed coat
Figure BDA0003441498470000041
Example 3
A method for breeding multi-nutrition polymerized rice comprises the following specific steps:
(1) using Zheda purple 111 as male parent and Zheda purple 1S as female parent, hybridizing, backcrossing the obtained filial generation with female parent for 4 times to obtain BC4F1Generation, BC4F1After generation selfing, BC is harvested4F2More than 2000 seeds are used;
(2)BC4F2planting in single plant, selecting pollen-aborted male sterile plant, cutting, regenerating, and selecting excellent sterile plant with fertility converted into fertilityHarvesting 175 plants after maturation according to single plant, checking appearance of grains, and selecting and reserving good sterile line S 'of purple seed coat'192, harvest BC4F3Seed generation;
(3)BC4F3and (3) generation and plant line planting, identifying the stability of purple seed coat, resistant starch and iron of the sterile line, judging the blackness degree of more than or equal to 90 percent, the black rice pigment of more than or equal to 2.30 percent, the resistant starch of more than or equal to 10 percent and the iron of more than or equal to 20mg/kg, selecting and reserving a homozygous and stable excellent sterile line with high functional nutrient components as a judgment standard of high blackness degree, high black rice pigment, high resistant starch and high iron+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironS’221, harvest BC4F4Seed generation;
(4)BC4F4and identifying the sterile line S by using the sterile line S as a reference+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironS’2Sterility, flowering habit and agronomic traits, selecting and reserving good sterile line with good flowering habit+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironS’39, harvest BC4F5Seed generation;
(4)BC4F5instead, identification of sterile line S 'indoors and outdoors'3Selecting and reserving a sterile line with sterility meeting the requirement by taking the ministry of NY/T215-plus 2006 as a standard+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironS’46, harvest BC4F6Replacing seeds and preparing sterile line S'4Paired matching with restoring line R to obtain hybrid F1Seed generation;
(5) planting BC4F6Generation and hybrid F1Generation, identification and pairing of hybrid F1Heterosis of (5), and determination of sterile line S'4The black rice pigment content, the resistant starch content and the iron content are determined by selecting and judging the black rice pigment content of more than or equal to 500 kg/mu, the black rice pigment content of more than or equal to 2.30 percent, the resistant starch content of more than or equal to 10 percent, the iron content of more than or equal to 20mg/kg and the rice blast resistance as selection and judgment standards, and selecting and retaining the hybrid F with strong vigor1 + black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironPlants and corresponding sterile lines+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + iron1S';
(6) construction of Zheda Violet 1S+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironRestorer line 01 and target two-line hybrid rice combined Zheda Ziliangyou No. 1+ black rice pigment + resistant starch + ironFinally, the multi-nutrition polymerized rice is bred and temporarily named as 'Duoyangyou No. 1'.
The comparison of the seed coat color, the black rice pigment, the iron, the resistant starch, eGI and the function characteristics of the varieties is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of index traits of Zhejiang Ziliangyou No. 1 target improved multi-nutrient polymerized rice
Figure BDA0003441498470000051
The measurement method of each index in table 2 is as follows: the color, black color and melanin of the seed coat are referred to the local standard of black rice: DB 61/T1011-; resistant starch: DB 23/T1245-; estimating glycemic index (eGI):
Figure BDA0003441498470000052
a, a stage hydrolysics procedure to animal glycemic index, Nutr. Res.,1997,17: 427-; iron: GB/T5009.90-2003; zinc: GB/T5009.14-2003.
Through a joint product ratio test, the bred 'more than two excellent No. 1' has the group yield, the edible quality and the disease resistance level equivalent to those of the Zhejiang purple excellent No. 1, the black chroma of brown rice reaches 92 percent, the pigment quality of black rice pigment of 2.38 percent is also equivalent to those of the Zhejiang purple excellent No. 1 and the parent Zhejiang purple 1S, but the functional component resistant starch reaches 12.6 percent, the estimated glycemic index is only 40.3, the method is particularly suitable for being eaten by people with diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and the functional quality is obviously better than that of the parent and the Zhejiang purple excellent No. 1. In addition, iron is an important component of hemoglobin and iron deficiency will lead to iron deficiency anemia. Zinc nutrition is known as flower of life by beauty, and is especially important for intelligence development of infants and children in living body development. The iron and zinc are the key points of the microbial nutrition enhancement, the contents of the two important nutrients, namely 'more than Eryou No. 1', are respectively 17.6mg/kg and 19.3mg/kg, and are higher than those of parents and other varieties, so that the product has higher micro-nutrition quality.
The bred variety has better functional quality and nutritional characteristics, which are needed by the current big health and are suitable for the crowds with special diabetes and hyperlipidemia to eat, and the iron-zinc micro-nutrition biological enhancement is a public nutrition problem concerned globally and is a synergistic bright point for the future value development of the multi-nutrition polymerized rice.

Claims (7)

1. A breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerization rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) hybridizing the nutritive rice as male parent and the sterile line S in the two-line hybrid rice and its parent combination as female parent, backcrossing the obtained filial generation with female parent n times to obtain BCnF1Generation; BCnF1After generation selfing, BC is harvestednF2Seed generation;
(2) mixing BCnF2Planting for single plant generation, selecting male sterile plant with pollen abortion during blooming, cutting the pile for regeneration, and selecting sterile plant to be fertile; harvesting according to single plant at maturity, checking appearance of grains, and selecting and reserving sterile line S 'of purple seed coat'1Harvesting of BCnF3Seed generation;
(3) to BCnF3Line planting is carried out in generation, the seed coat color, the resistant starch content and the iron content of the sterile line are identified, and the homozygous stable sterile line S 'with high blackness, high black rice pigment content, high resistant starch content and high iron content is selected'2Harvesting of BCnF4Seed generation;
(4) planting BC with sterile line S as contrastnF4Generation, identification of BCnF4Substitute sterile line S'2Sterility, flowering habit and agronomic trait of the plants, selecting a sterile line S 'with good flowering habit'3Harvesting of BCnF5Seed generation;
(5) planting BCnF5Instead, identification of sterile line S 'indoors and outdoors'3Selecting sterile line S 'with sterility conforming to the characteristics of the sterile line'4Harvesting of BC4F6Replacing seeds and preparing sterile line S'4Testing and matching with restorer R in pairs to obtain the hybridSeed F1Seed generation;
(6) planting BCnF6Generation and hybrid F1Generation, identification of hybrid F1Heterosis of generations, and determination of sterile line S'4The black rice pigment content, the resistant starch content and the iron content, and hybrid F with strong hybrid vigor is selected and reserved1Generation plants and corresponding sterile lines S';
(7) constructing sterile line S', restoring line R and two-line hybrid rice combination, and finally breeding the new multi-nutrient polymerized rice variety.
2. The method for breeding multi-nutrition polymerized rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutritious rice is rice and thunberg fritillary bulb 111.
3. The method for breeding multi-nutrition polymerized rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two lines of hybrid rice are Zheda Ziliangyo No. 1; in the parent combination, the sterile line S is Zheda purple 1S, and the restorer line R is Zhejiang radiation 01.
4. The method for breeding poly-nutrient rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), n is 3 to 5 times.
5. The method for breeding poly-nutrient rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (3), the black color degree is not less than 90%, the black rice pigment is not less than 2.30%, the resistant starch is not less than 10%, and the iron content is not less than 20mg/kg, which are used as the criteria for judging high black color degree, high black rice pigment, high resistant starch and high iron content, respectively.
6. The method for breeding poly-nutrient rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (4), the criteria for determining good flowering habit are that the flowers are concentrated at 9: 30-11: 30 in the morning and the stigma exposure rate is not less than 40% in normal sunny days.
7. The method for breeding a multi-nutrition polymerized rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (5), based on the grains and rice, the judgment indexes of strong heterosis are that the yield is more than or equal to 500 kg/mu, the blackness is more than or equal to 90%, the content of black rice pigment is more than or equal to 2.30%, the content of resistant starch is more than or equal to 10%, the content of iron is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, rice blast is resisted, and the rice quality is the third and above standards issued by Ministry of rice eating quality.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116982550A (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-03 浙江大学 Breeding method of zinc-iron composite nutrition type rice

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106900543A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-30 浙江大学 A kind of selection of the disease resisting rice kind of many nutrition polymerizations
CN111264380A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-12 浙江大学 Breeding method of colored rice two-line hybrid rice

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106900543A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-30 浙江大学 A kind of selection of the disease resisting rice kind of many nutrition polymerizations
CN111264380A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-12 浙江大学 Breeding method of colored rice two-line hybrid rice

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116982550A (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-03 浙江大学 Breeding method of zinc-iron composite nutrition type rice

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