CN114451291B - Breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice - Google Patents

Breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice Download PDF

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CN114451291B
CN114451291B CN202111632711.7A CN202111632711A CN114451291B CN 114451291 B CN114451291 B CN 114451291B CN 202111632711 A CN202111632711 A CN 202111632711A CN 114451291 B CN114451291 B CN 114451291B
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CN114451291A (en
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吴殿星
舒小丽
杨紫涵
周亦
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Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/04Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H6/00Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
    • A01H6/46Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
    • A01H6/4636Oryza sp. [rice]

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  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice, which comprises the steps of taking nutrition rice as a male parent and a sterile line S as a female parent, backcrossing the hybrid rice with the female parent, selfing, and harvesting offspring seeds; selecting a fertile sterile line plant from the progeny; sterile line S 'with purple seed coats' 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Selecting and reserving homozygous stable sterile line S 'with high blackness, high black rice pigment content, high resistant starch content and high iron content of offspring' 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Sterile line S 'with good offspring flowering habit is selected and remained by taking sterile line S as a control' 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Indoor and outdoor identification of sterile line S' 3 Sterile line S 'is selected and remained for sterility of (E)' 4 And paired with restorer R; hybrid F with strong heterosis 1 And (3) the generation plants and the corresponding sterile lines S', and finally breeding new varieties of the multi-nutrition polymerized rice. The multi-nutrition polymerized rice obtained by the breeding method not only has the comprehensive character advantages of high yield, high quality, disease resistance and the like, but also has the characteristics of high melanin, high resistant starch content and high iron/zinc content.

Description

Breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice breeding, in particular to a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice.
Background
Under the background that the current life styles of people are remarkably different and the rhythm is remarkably faster, the dietary structure is greatly changed, various chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cancer and the like are frequently generated year by year, the pain is brought to society and families, and the health is fashionable health pursuit. The colored rice is rich in iron and zinc trace nutrient elements, natural pigment and various physiologically active substances for preventing various chronic diseases, is a healthy choice for a plurality of consumers, and is also an important component of traditional food and medicine homologous food culture in China.
Resistant Starch (RS) is a generic name of Starch and Starch degradation products which are difficult to digest and absorb in the small intestine of a healthy human body, has important physiological functions of reducing blood sugar and blood fat, controlling weight, being beneficial to intestinal health and the like, and has special significance for diabetics and weight-losing people. In addition, micro-nutritional deficiency of iron, zinc, etc. affects the health of about 38% of pregnant women and 43% of preschool children worldwide, about 1.65 billion children who have problems with cognitive development and physical ability development due to growth retardation.
On the basis of pursuing high yield, high quality and disease resistance in classical crop breeding, functional crops pay more attention to the improvement of nutrition and economic value, and not only bear the life of guaranteeing the nutrition and life health of people, but also bear the time life of improving the traditional 'food crops' into 'food economy compatible crops'.
Therefore, the breeding method of the multi-nutrition polymerized rice meets the requirements of national supply side reform and great health.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice, which not only has the comprehensive character advantages of high yield, high quality, disease resistance and the like, but also has the characteristics of high melanin, high resistant starch content and high iron content.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice comprises the following steps:
(1) The nutritional rice is taken as a male parent, a sterile line S in a two-line hybrid rice and a parent combination thereof is taken as a female parent, hybridization is carried out, and the obtained filial generation and the female parent are subjected to backcross for n times to obtain BC n F 1 Substitution; BC (BC) type n F 1 After the selfing, BC is harvested n F 2 Seed generation;
(2) BC will be added n F 2 When the single plant is planted, a male sterile plant with pollen aborted is selected during flowering, pile cutting regeneration is carried out, and fertility is selected from the male sterile plant to a fertile sterile line plant; harvesting according to single plant during maturation, checking the appearance of seeds, and selecting sterile line S 'with purple seed coat' 1 Harvesting BC n F 3 Seed generation;
(3) For BC n F 3 The strain planting is carried out in the generation, the seed coat color, the resistant starch content and the iron content of the sterile line are identified, and the homozygous stable sterile line S 'with high blackness, high black rice pigment content, high resistant starch content and high iron content is selected and remained' 2 Harvesting BC n F 4 Seed generation;
(4) Planting BC with sterile line S as control n F 4 Identification of BC n F 4 Sterile line S' 2 Sterile line S 'with good flowering habit is selected and remained for sterility, flowering habit and agronomic character' 3 Harvesting BC n F 5 Seed generation;
(5) Planting BC n F 5 Generation, indoor and outdoor identification of sterile line S' 3 Selecting and reserving sterile line S 'with sterility conforming to the characteristics of sterile line' 4 Harvesting BC 4 F 6 Seed generation and sterile line S' 4 Paired measurement with restorer line R to obtain hybrid F 1 Seed generation;
(6) Planting BC 4 F 6 Generation and hybrid F 1 Generation, identification of hybrid F 1 Hybrid vigour of the generation and determination of sterile line S' 4 Black rice pigment content, resistant starch content and iron content, selecting hybrid F with strong heterosis 1 The generation plants and the corresponding sterile line S';
(7) Constructing sterile line S', restoring line R and two-line hybrid rice combination, and finally breeding new variety of multi-nutrition polymerized rice.
Further, the nutritional rice is Zhejiang rice 111.
Among them, zhejiang river 111 has applied for protection and authorization of new plant species rights to agricultural rural areas (species license number: CNA 20080431.6).
Further, the two-line hybrid rice is Zhejiang purple two excellent No. 1; the sterile line S in the parent combination is Zhejiang purple 1S, and the restorer line R is Zhejiang spoke 01.
Wherein, the sterile line S is Zhejiang purple 1S, and is a purple Mi Wenmin sterile line bred by Zhejiang university. The variety passes through the crop variety approval committee (Zhejiang province sterile line) 2021008 in 2021, and applies for new plant variety rights protection to the agricultural rural area (application number: 20201005465).
The restorer line R is Zhejiang university breeding excellent restorer line, and is a Zhejiang university breeding excellent restorer line, and is prepared into new combination Zhejiang purple two excellent No. 1 (Zhejiang trial rice 2021036) with Zhejiang purple 1S hybrid rice, and the restorer line R passes the crop variety approval committee approval in Zhejiang province in 2021 and applies for the application of the plant new variety protection office of the agricultural rural part to accept new variety protection (application number: 20201006977).
Further, in the step (1), n is 3 to 5 times.
Further, in the step (3), the black degree is more than or equal to 90%, the black pigment is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch is more than or equal to 10%, and the iron is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, which are respectively used as the judgment standards of high black degree, high black pigment, high resistant starch and high iron.
Further, in the step (4), the judgment standard for good flowering habit is that the flowering habit is concentrated at 9:30-11:30 am when the day is normal, and the stigma exposure rate is more than or equal to 40%.
Further, in the step (5), the sterile line characteristic is based on the ministerial NY/T215-2006 standard.
Further, in the step (5), the grain rice is used as a reference, the judging index of strong hybrid vigor is that the yield is more than or equal to 500 kg/mu, the blackness is more than or equal to 90%, the black pigment content is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch content is more than or equal to 10%, the iron content is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, the medium rice blast resistance is realized, and the rice quality is three or more levels issued by the edible quality of rice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention is based on multi-nutrition character and target two-line hybrid rice, and selectively breeds multi-nutrition polymerized rice, which remarkably improves the black pigment content, the resistant starch content and the iron content of the rice while maintaining the advantages of the target hybrid rice such as high yield, high quality, disease resistance and the like, and meets the requirements of national supply side reform and great health.
(2) The method of the invention utilizes the functional nutrition genetic expression characteristics of dominant inheritance or parent effect of the characters such as resistant starch, purple seed coat and the like, and based on the combination of target two-line hybrid rice, only the two-line sterile line S is specially improved, the breeding time of 7-8 generations is obviously shortened, and the breeding method has the outstanding advantages of simplicity and high efficiency.
(3) The multi-nutrition polymerized rice has higher resistant starch content and iron content, so that the multi-nutrition polymerized rice has lower estimated glycemic index, is particularly suitable for people with diabetes and hyperlipidemia to eat, has better functional quality and characteristics, and is a synergistic bright point required by current health and developed in the future.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are given by way of illustration only, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
The breeding method provided in the following examples is a breeding method of multi-nutrient polymerized rice based on two-line hybrid rice Zhejiang purple two-excellent No. 1 (sterile line Zhejiang purple 1S, restorer line Zhejiang purple 01) rich in nutrient rice Zhejiang purple 111 and purple rice.
Wherein, the nutritional rice A is a high-resistance starch variety Zhejiang university breeding Zhejiang spoke 111, which has applied for the protection and authorization of new plant variety rights (variety rights certificate number: CNA 20080431.6) to agricultural rural departments, and can be purchased from the Zhejiang university atomic nucleus agricultural science institute.
Sterile line Zhejiang purple 1S is a purple Mi Wenmin sterile line bred at Zhejiang university. The variety passes through the crop variety approval committee (Zhejiang province sterile line) 2021008 in 2021, and applies for the protection of new plant variety rights to the agricultural rural area (application number: 20201005465), and can be purchased from the atomic nucleus agricultural science institute of Zhejiang university.
The restorer Zhejiang university breeding restorer line Zhejiang spoke 01 is a Zhejiang university breeding restorer line, is newly combined with Zhejiang purple 1S hybrid rice to form Zhejiang purple two excellent No. 1 (Zhejiang examined rice 2021036), passes the crop variety examination committee in Zhejiang province in 2021, and applies for the application of the plant new variety protection office of the agricultural rural part to accept new variety protection (application number: 20201006977), and can be purchased from the atomic nucleus agricultural science institute of Zhejiang university.
EXAMPLE 1 study of the genetic expression of resistant starch and purple seed coats
The Zhejiang 111 rich in nutrition rice and the sterile line Zhejiang 1S and the restorer line Zhejiang 01 are hybridized in opposite directions, and the hybrid F is obtained 1 The nutrition quality analysis of (a) shows that the Zhejiang purple 1S is used as a female parent or a male parent, and the hybrid F 1 All showed purple seed coats, indicating hybrid F 1 To show inheritance; zhejiang web 111 is the parent onlyHybrid F at this time 1 The high resistant starch content is shown in table 1. The result shows that the method provides a theoretical basis for the targeted improvement based on Zhejiang purple two excellent No. 1, and only needs to simply, quickly and efficiently specially improve Zhejiang purple 1S.
TABLE 1 analysis of genetic expression of resistant starch and purple seed coats
Example 3
A breeding method of multi-nutrition polymerized rice comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Hybridization is carried out by taking Zhejiang rice 111 rich in nutrition as male parent, combining Zhejiang purple 1S of Zhejiang purple 1 (sterile line Zhejiang purple 1S, restorer line Zhejiang purple 01) as female parent, and back-crossing the obtained filial generation with female parent for 4 times to obtain BC 4 F 1 Instead of BC 4 F 1 After the selfing, BC is harvested 4 F 2 More than 2000 seeds are substituted;
(2)BC 4 F 2 the generation, single plant planting, selecting male sterile plant with pollen aborted during flowering, cutting and regenerating, selecting from them to obtain 175 plants with fertility converted into good sterile line, harvesting according to single plant, checking the appearance of seeds, selecting and retaining good sterile line S 'with purple seed coat' 1 92, harvesting BC 4 F 3 Seed generation;
(3)BC 4 F 3 the purple seed coats, resistant starch and iron stability of sterile lines are identified by plant line planting, the blackness is more than or equal to 90%, the black pigment is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch is more than or equal to 10%, the iron is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, and the black pigment, the high resistant starch and the high iron are used as evaluation standards of high blackness, high black pigment, high resistant starch and high iron, and the homozygous stable excellent sterile lines with high functional nutrient components are selected and reserved +black pigment+resistant starch+iron S’ 2 21, harvesting BC 4 F 4 Seed generation;
(4)BC 4 F 4 identifying sterile line S by taking sterile line S as a reference +black pigment+resistant starch+iron S’ 2 Is characterized by sterility, flowering habit and agronomic character, and selecting excellent sterile line with good flowering habit +black pigment+resistant starch+iron S’ 3 9, harvesting BC 4 F 5 Seed generation;
(4)BC 4 F 5 generation, indoor and outdoor identification of sterile line S' 3 Based on the sterility of the part release NY/T215-2006, selecting and reserving a sterile line with sterility meeting the requirement +black pigment+resistant starch+iron S’ 4 6, harvesting BC 4 F 6 Seed generation and sterile line S' 4 Paired measurement with restorer line R to obtain hybrid F 1 Seed generation;
(5) Planting BC 4 F 6 Generation and hybrid F 1 Generation, identification of paired hybrid F 1 And determining the sterile line S' 4 The black rice pigment content, the resistant starch content and the iron content are selected by taking the black rice pigment content, the resistant starch content and the iron content, the yield of which is more than or equal to 500 kg/mu, the black rice pigment content is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch content is more than or equal to 10%, the iron content is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, and the medium rice blast resistance is used as a selection criterion, and the hybrid F with strong advantage is selected 1 +black pigment+resistant starch+iron Plants and corresponding sterile lines +black pigment+resistant starch+iron S' 1;
(6) Construction of Zhejiang Violet 1S +black pigment+resistant starch+iron Recovery line 01 and target two-line hybrid rice combined Zhejiang purple two-you No. 1 +black pigment+resistant starch+iron Finally, breeding multi-nutrition polymerized rice, which is named as 'Duoyou No. 1'.
The comparison of the skin color, blackness, black pigment, iron, resistant starch, eGI and functional characteristics is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 comparison of index characters of Zhejiang purple two excellent No. 1 target modified Multi-nutrient polymeric Rice
The measurement methods of the respective indexes in table 2 are as follows: skin color, blackness, melanin see black rice local standard: DB 61/T1011-2018; resistant starch: DB 23/T1245-2008; estimating glycemic index(eGI):A.et al A starch hydrolysis procedure to estimate glycemic index, nutr.Res.,1997,17:427-437; iron: GB/T5009.90-2003; zinc: GB/T5009.14-2003.
Through combination product comparison tests, the bred 'Liangyou No. 1' has the group yield, edible quality and disease resistance level equivalent to that of Zhejiang purple Liangyou No. 1, the blackness of brown rice is up to 92%, the pigment quality such as 2.38% of black pigment is also equivalent to that of Zhejiang purple Liangyou No. 1 and parent Zhejiang purple 1S, but the functional component resistant starch is up to 12.6%, the estimated glycemic index is only 40.3, and the Zhejiang purple sweet potato rice is particularly suitable for people with diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and the functional quality is obviously superior to that of the Zhejiang purple Liangyou No. 1. In addition, iron is an important component of hemoglobin, and iron deficiency will lead to iron deficiency anemia. The zinc nutrition is praised as a flower of life, and is particularly important for the intelligence development of infants and children. Iron and zinc are key points of microbial nutrient bioaugmentation, the contents of the two important nutrients, namely, duoyou No. 1, are 17.6mg/kg and 19.3mg/kg respectively, which are higher than that of parents and other varieties, and the nutritional food has higher micro-nutrient quality.
The breeding variety of the invention has better functional quality and nutrition characteristics, which are required by great health at present, and is suitable for people with special diabetes and hyperlipidemia, and the iron-zinc microorganism nutrition fortification is a public nutrition problem of global attention, and is also a synergistic bright point for the future value development of the multi-nutrition polymerized rice.

Claims (1)

1. The breeding method of the multi-nutrition polymerized rice is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The nutritional rice is taken as a male parent, a sterile line S in a two-line hybrid rice and a parent combination thereof is taken as a female parent, hybridization is carried out, and the obtained filial generation and the female parent are subjected to backcross for n times to obtain BC n F 1 Substitution; BC (BC) type n F 1 After the selfing, BC is harvested n F 2 Seed generation; the nutritional rice is Zhejiang rice 111; the two-line hybrid rice is Zhejiang purple two excellent No. 1; parent combinationThe sterile line S is Zhejiang purple 1S, and the restorer line R is Zhejiang spoke 01; n is 3-5 times;
(2) BC will be added n F 2 When the single plant is planted, a male sterile plant with pollen aborted is selected during flowering, pile cutting regeneration is carried out, and fertility is selected from the male sterile plant to a fertile sterile line plant; harvesting according to single plant during maturation, checking the appearance of seeds, and selecting sterile line S 'with purple seed coat' 1 Harvesting BC n F 3 Seed generation;
(3) For BC n F 3 The strain planting is carried out in the generation, the seed coat color, the resistant starch content and the iron content of the sterile line are identified, and the homozygous stable sterile line S 'with high blackness, high black rice pigment content, high resistant starch content and high iron content is selected and remained' 2 Harvesting BC n F 4 Seed generation; the black degree is more than or equal to 90%, the black pigment is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch is more than or equal to 10%, and the iron is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, which are respectively used as the judgment standards of high black degree, high black pigment, high resistant starch and high iron;
(4) Planting BC with sterile line S as control n F 4 Identification of BC n F 4 Sterile line S' 2 Sterile line S 'with good flowering habit is selected and remained for sterility, flowering habit and agronomic character' 3 Harvesting BC n F 5 Seed generation; the judging standard of good flowering habit is that the flowering habit is concentrated at 9:30-11:30 am when the flower is in a normal sunny day, and the stigma exposure rate is more than or equal to 40%;
(5) Planting BC n F 5 Generation, indoor and outdoor identification of sterile line S' 3 Selecting and reserving sterile line S 'with sterility conforming to the characteristics of sterile line' 4 Harvesting BC 4 F 6 Seed generation and sterile line S' 4 Paired measurement with restorer line R to obtain hybrid F 1 Seed generation; the grain rice is used as a reference, the judging index of strong heterosis is that the yield is more than or equal to 500 kg/mu, the blackness is more than or equal to 90%, the black pigment content is more than or equal to 2.30%, the resistant starch content is more than or equal to 10%, the iron content is more than or equal to 20mg/kg, the medium rice blast resistance is achieved, and the rice quality is three-level or more than the standard issued by the edible quality of rice;
(6) Planting BC n F 6 Generation and hybrid F 1 Instead of, identifyHybrid F of hybrid 1 Hybrid vigour of the generation and determination of sterile line S' 4 Black rice pigment content, resistant starch content and iron content, selecting hybrid F with strong heterosis 1 The generation plants and the corresponding sterile line S';
(7) Constructing sterile line S', restoring line R and two-line hybrid rice combination, and finally breeding new variety of multi-nutrition polymerized rice.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106900543A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-30 浙江大学 A kind of selection of the disease resisting rice kind of many nutrition polymerizations
CN111264380A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-12 浙江大学 Breeding method of colored rice two-line hybrid rice

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106900543A (en) * 2017-03-29 2017-06-30 浙江大学 A kind of selection of the disease resisting rice kind of many nutrition polymerizations
CN111264380A (en) * 2020-03-23 2020-06-12 浙江大学 Breeding method of colored rice two-line hybrid rice

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