CN114451091A - Method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer - Google Patents
Method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/50—Surfactants; Emulsifiers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving saline alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: s1, taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of organic matter, 20-30 parts of humus, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, 4-9 parts of trace elements, 2-6 parts of amylase, 2-6 parts of auxin, 4-9 parts of amino acid, 2-6 parts of surfactant and 10-20 parts of water, and mixing and uniformly stirring to obtain a microbial fertilizer; s2, mixing the prepared microbial fertilizer with saline-alkali soil, and uniformly stirring to obtain improved mixed soil; s3, laying a one-way water seepage mulching film on the surface of the improved mixed soil, and fermenting and decomposing; s4, after fermenting and decomposing for 5-10 days, uncovering the film, and turning over to improve the mixed soil; s5, after fermenting and decomposing for 25-30 days, improving the mixed soil, uncovering the film and ventilating for 1-3 days. Compared with the prior art, the method effectively solves the problems of high salt content, fertilizer deficiency, soil structure hardening, poor water permeability and the like of the soil of the saline-alkali soil, and is convenient for planting perennial flowers in the original soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a method for improving saline-alkali soil by using a microbial fertilizer.
Background
The coastal land is returned to the sea, the terrain is low, the underground water level is high, the salt content of the soil is high, and the fresh water resources are deficient and are mostly heavy saline-alkali soil. Meanwhile, large-area dredger fill is arranged in coastal areas, the salt content of soil is extremely high, the underground water level is shallow, the mineralization degree is high, common garden plants are difficult to survive except for some halophytes, and even if a small part of ornamental plants survive through methods of soil dressing, salt removal, salt blockage and the like, the problem of difficult growth exists. If perennial flowers are planted in the heavy saline-alkali soil, the perennial flowers are seriously stressed by salt and drought in the salt return peak period, the survival rate is low, the ornamental value is poor, and the growth is slow.
At present, the control of the domestic garden industry on salinization areas is basically divided into measures such as physical improvement, flood irrigation and alkali pressing, chemical element balance improvement, biological improvement and the like, and the influence of salinization on the survival rate of seedlings is reduced by improving the soil structure. The physical improvement only delays the time of saline-alkali occurrence; the large water flood irrigation measure alkali pressing work only has a certain relieving effect on the current salinization, but for a long time, the soil hardening is serious, the granular structure is reduced, the salinization is more serious, and the improvement difficulty is increased; the chemical element improvement adopts an element increasing mode to achieve balance, the whole investment is large, and in order to pre-control salinization, considerable investment is needed to improve the whole soil elements every year and reduce the saline-alkali particles of the soil; the biological improvement only improves the base fertilizer, but the base fertilizer is mostly a soil mixed fertilizer, has low nutrient content and slow fertilizer efficiency, and has great limitation on the plant growth alleviation capability.
In order to sustainably plant perennial flowers in original soil, a saline-alkali soil improvement method is needed to solve the problems of high salt content, fertility loss, soil structure hardening, poor water permeability and the like of the soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method for improving the saline-alkali soil by using the microbial fertilizer is provided, the problems of high salt content, fertilizer deficiency, soil structure hardening, poor water permeability and the like of the saline-alkali soil are effectively solved, and perennial flowers are conveniently planted in the original soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of organic matter, 20-30 parts of humus, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, 4-9 parts of trace elements, 2-6 parts of amylase, 2-6 parts of auxin, 4-9 parts of amino acid, 2-6 parts of surfactant and 10-20 parts of water, and mixing and uniformly stirring to obtain a microbial fertilizer;
s2, mixing the prepared microbial fertilizer with saline-alkali soil, and uniformly stirring to obtain improved mixed soil;
s3, laying a one-way water seepage mulching film on the surface of the improved mixed soil, and fermenting and decomposing;
s4, after fermenting and decomposing for 5-10 days, uncovering the film, and turning over to improve the mixed soil;
s5, after fermenting and decomposing for 25-30 days, improving the mixed soil, uncovering the film and ventilating for 1-3 days.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S1, the microbial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic matters, 25 parts of humus, 2 parts of microbial agents, 5 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of amylase, 5 parts of auxin, 8 parts of amino acids, 5 parts of surface active agents and 15 parts of water.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S1, the microbial agents include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and silicate bacteria.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S1, the trace element is a mixture of calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfur, zinc, and boron.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S1, the amino acid includes one or more of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, threonine, glycine, alanine, cystine, and methionine.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S2, the mixing ratio of the microbial fertilizer to the saline-alkali soil is 1: 1.
As a further description of the above technical solution:
in step S3, a decomposing agent is added to the improved mixed soil before fermentation and decomposition.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the microbial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is added with the microbial agent, the microbial agent comprises azotobacter, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and silicate bacteria, and can convert nitrogen controlled by air and phosphorus and potassium in primary and secondary minerals into effective nutrients, improve fertility, further reduce soil volume weight, increase soil porosity, reduce submerged evaporation, inhibit surface accumulation of salt, increase infiltration of irrigation and precipitation, and realize soil improvement.
2. According to the invention, the unidirectional water seepage mulching film is laid on the surface of the improved mixed soil, so that the water evaporation can be controlled, the fertilizer efficiency and efficiency can be improved through the decomposition treatment, the structure of the soil is improved, the hardening formation is reduced, the underground soil is enabled to be aerobic respiration as the surface soil through the capillary phenomenon, the saline-alkali lifting is reduced, the salt control effect is realized, and the soil improvement is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "inner", and the like refer to orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally arranged when the products of the present invention are used, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic matters, 25 parts of humus, 2 parts of microbial agents, 5 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of amylase, 5 parts of auxin, 8 parts of amino acids, 5 parts of surface active agents and 15 parts of water, and mixing and uniformly stirring to obtain a microbial fertilizer, wherein the pH value of the microbial fertilizer is 5.8-6.5, and the total content of N/P/K is 20%;
s2, mixing the prepared microbial fertilizer with saline-alkali soil (the ratio is 1: 1), ensuring the soil improvement effect, and stirring uniformly to obtain improved mixed soil;
s3, laying a one-way water seepage mulching film on the surface of the improved mixed soil, and fermenting and decomposing;
s4, after fermenting and decomposing for 5 days, uncovering the film, and turning over to improve the mixed soil to ensure the decomposing effect;
s5, after fermenting and decomposing for 25 days, improving the mixed soil, uncovering the film and ventilating for 2 days to complete soil improvement, and then planting perennial flowers.
In step S1, the microbial agents include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, and silicate bacteria. Azotobacter, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and silicate bacteria are added into the microbial fertilizer to convert nitrogen controlled by air and phosphorus and potassium in primary and secondary minerals into effective nutrients, so that the fertility is improved, the volume weight of soil can be reduced, the porosity of the soil is increased, submerged evaporation is reduced, surface accumulation of salt is inhibited, and infiltration of irrigation water and precipitation is increased. The number of viable bacteria in the microbial fertilizer is 0.2 hundred million strains/g.
In step S1, the trace elements are a mixture of calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfur, zinc, and boron, providing abundant nutrients for the growth of perennial flowers.
In step S1, the amino acid includes one or more of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, threonine, glycine, alanine, cystine, and methionine.
In step S3, a decomposing agent is added to the improved mixed soil before fermentation and decomposition to increase the decomposition rate and effect.
The working principle is as follows: the microbial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is added with a microbial agent, the microbial agent comprises azotobacter, phosphorus-dissolving bacteria and silicate bacteria, and can convert nitrogen controlled by air and phosphorus and potassium in primary and secondary minerals into effective nutrients, improve fertility, further reduce soil volume weight, increase soil porosity, reduce submerged evaporation, inhibit surface accumulation of salt, increase infiltration of irrigation and precipitation and realize soil improvement. One-way infiltration plastic film is laid on mixed soil surface of improvement, can control the evaporation of water, and the maturity is handled and can be improved fertilizer efficiency and efficiency to improve the structure of soil, reduce the formation that hardens, through capillary phenomenon, make underground soil obtain aerobic respiration with surface soil is the same, reduced saline-alkali lifting, realize the effect of accuse salt, realize soil improvement.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, taking the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of organic matter, 20-30 parts of humus, 1-3 parts of microbial agent, 4-9 parts of trace elements, 2-6 parts of amylase, 2-6 parts of auxin, 4-9 parts of amino acid, 2-6 parts of surfactant and 10-20 parts of water, and mixing and uniformly stirring to obtain a microbial fertilizer;
s2, mixing the prepared microbial fertilizer with saline-alkali soil, and uniformly stirring to obtain improved mixed soil;
s3, laying a one-way water seepage mulching film on the surface of the improved mixed soil, and fermenting and decomposing;
s4, after fermenting and decomposing for 5-10 days, uncovering the film, and turning over to improve the mixed soil;
s5, after fermenting and decomposing for 25-30 days, improving the mixed soil, uncovering the film and ventilating for 1-3 days.
2. The method for improving saline-alkali soil by using microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the microbial fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of organic matters, 25 parts of humus, 2 parts of microbial agents, 5 parts of trace elements, 5 parts of amylase, 5 parts of auxin, 8 parts of amino acids, 5 parts of surface active agents and 15 parts of water.
3. The method for improving saline-alkali soil using microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the step S1, the microbial agent includes azotobacter, phosphate solubilizing bacteria and silicate bacteria.
4. The method for improving saline-alkali soil using microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the trace element is a mixture of calcium, magnesium, iron, sulfur, zinc and boron.
5. The method for improving saline alkali soil using microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the amino acid includes one or more of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, threonine, glycine, alanine, cystine, and methionine.
6. The method for improving saline-alkali soil using microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of microbial fertilizer to saline-alkali soil in step S2 is 1: 1.
7. The method for improving saline-alkali soil using microbial fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a decomposition agent is added to the improving mixed soil before fermentation and decomposition in step S3.
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