CN114436691A - Preparation method of nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Preparation method of nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114436691A
CN114436691A CN202210146247.9A CN202210146247A CN114436691A CN 114436691 A CN114436691 A CN 114436691A CN 202210146247 A CN202210146247 A CN 202210146247A CN 114436691 A CN114436691 A CN 114436691A
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China
Prior art keywords
nitrogen
organic fertilizer
carbon
fertilizer
yield
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Pending
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CN202210146247.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李�权
丁辉
赵丹
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Tianjin Tianke Tongchuang Technology Co ltd
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Tianjin Tianke Tongchuang Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202210146247.9A priority Critical patent/CN114436691A/en
Priority to GB2205800.2A priority patent/GB2615840A/en
Publication of CN114436691A publication Critical patent/CN114436691A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: mixing organic waste with diatomite, and firing the mixture under an anoxic condition to prepare a composite material with the surface containing oxygen-containing functional groups; crushing straws and weeds, adding livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to obtain a fertilizer raw material; adding a bacterium of Bacteria G + N into a fertilizer raw material, and fermenting at the temperature of 50-70 ℃; adding microalgae into the fermented fertilizer raw materials, and continuously fermenting to obtain a biological organic fertilizer; and mixing the biological organic fertilizer with the composite material to obtain the functional fertilizer. The introduction of the composite material with the oxygen-containing functional group on the surface enhances the adsorption capacity of the functional organic fertilizer on cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, effectively reduces the release of active nitrogen, has multiple functions of carbon fixation, nitrogen reduction, yield increase and the like, can fill the blank in the fields of soil remediation and fertilizers, realizes the ecological protection and development pattern of soil with pollution treatment and fertility enhancement, and has better application and popularization values.

Description

Preparation method of nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a preparation method of a nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer.
Background
The farming soil is a material basis on which human beings live, especially in the big agricultural country with many people and few land, and is more concerned with the life line of the people in China for survival and development. The agricultural non-point source pollution brought by agricultural production causes ChinaOne of the main factors of water body and atmospheric environmental pollution, the data of 'national first pollution source census official gazette' released by the national environmental protection ministry in 2010, the annual output of excrement of livestock and poultry breeding in China is 2.43 hundred million tons, and 102.5 million tons of total nitrogen are discharged to the water body every year. With the application of a large amount of agricultural chemical fertilizer nitrogen fertilizers, the emission of active nitrogen gas to the atmosphere becomes an important way for causing the loss of soil nitrogen, and the utilization rate and the yield of the nitrogen fertilizers of crops are directly influenced. Nitrous oxide (N) in active nitrogen2O) is the third largest long-lasting greenhouse gas, and also an important stratospheric ozone depleting substance. Agricultural measures and nitrogen fertilizer application greatly increase N2And (4) discharging O. The paris agreement aims to limit the global warming threshold below 1.5 c by 2100, and therefore greenhouse gas emissions must be greatly reduced. For example, the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions from the ecosystem of a paddy field, from 1961 to 2019, is increased by an average of 320 million tons of CO per year2The equivalent rate increases.
In order to meet the requirements of high-speed social development and population increase, a large amount of chemical fertilizer is used, and excessive use of the chemical fertilizer can cause N2O and CH4Increased discharge, water nitrogen and phosphorus pollution and other environmental problems. Therefore, there is a need for economical and sustainable measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fertilizer usage in rice fields. And further, the 'carbon fixation-nitrogen reduction' yield increase type organic fertilizer for seeking a chemical fertilizer substitute is a practical requirement for developing green agriculture, and is a necessary requirement for sustainable development of economy and society. The development of the technical products of the yield-increasing functional fertilizer which can reduce pollution, reduce greenhouse gas emission and increase soil organic carbon is a strategic and practical requirement for agricultural safety production in China. In addition, although the organic fertilizer prepared from organic wastes such as livestock and poultry manure and straw can improve soil and crop quality, the fertility of the organic fertilizer is limited, and large-area yield increase of crops is difficult to realize compared with chemical fertilizers, so that the organic fertilizer needs to be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer comprises the following steps: s1, mixing organic waste with diatomite, and burning under an anoxic condition to prepare a composite material with the surface containing oxygen-containing functional groups; s2, crushing straws and weeds, adding livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to obtain a fertilizer raw material; s3, adding a bacterium of Bacteria G + N into the fertilizer raw material, and fermenting at the temperature of 50-70 ℃; s4, adding microalgae into the fermented fertilizer raw materials, and continuously fermenting to obtain a biological organic fertilizer; and S5, mixing the biological organic fertilizer with the composite material to obtain the functional fertilizer.
According to the technical scheme, the mass ratio of the organic waste to the diatomite in the step S1 is preferably 5-7: 1.
According to the above technical solution, the firing temperature in step S1 is preferably 350-420 ℃.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, the organic waste comprises breeding manure and planting straw.
According to the above technical solution, preferably, the oxygen-containing functional group includes one or more of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group, and a phenolic hydroxyl group.
According to the above technical scheme, preferably, after step S1, ammonia nitrogen adsorption modification treatment is performed on the composite material.
According to the above technical solution, preferably, the ammonia nitrogen adsorption modification treatment comprises: and (3) soaking the composite material in an aqueous solution of ferric nitrate and calcium phosphate with the mass ratio of 1.2:1 at normal temperature, and calcining at high temperature for 1.5 h.
According to the technical scheme, the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the step S2 is preferably 20-28: 1.
According to the technical scheme, the adding proportion of the microalgae in the step S4 is preferably 5-15% of the mass of the fertilizer raw material fermented in the step S3.
According to the technical scheme, preferably, the water content of the bio-organic fertilizer in the step S5 is below 30%, and the mass ratio of the bio-organic fertilizer to the composite material is 20: 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the introduction of the composite material with the surface containing the oxygen-containing functional group enhances the adsorption capacity of the functional organic fertilizer to cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, effectively reduces the release of active nitrogen, has multiple functions of carbon fixation, nitrogen reduction, yield increase and the like, can fill the blank in the fields of soil remediation and fertilizers, realizes the ecological protection and development pattern of the soil with pollution treatment and fertility enhancement, and has better application and popularization values.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following preferred embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention comprises the following steps:
a. mixing organic waste and diatomite according to the mass ratio of 5-7:1, wherein the organic waste can be selected from various substances such as breeding manure or planting straw, and the like, and firing the organic waste into a composite material with the surface containing oxygen-containing functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, phenolic hydroxyl and the like under the anoxic condition by adopting 350-420 ℃ (preferably 390 ℃), wherein the composite material has strong adsorption capacity on cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, and the average adsorption capacity of the composite material on the ammonia nitrogen is 2.58 mg.g-1And reducing the release of active nitrogen.
b. Performing ammonia nitrogen adsorption modification treatment on the composite material: and (b) soaking the composite material obtained in the step (a) at normal temperature by using an aqueous solution of ferric nitrate and calcium phosphate in a mass ratio of 1.2:1, calcining the composite material at the high temperature of 500 ℃ for 1.5 hours, and improving the adsorption of the modified composite material to ammonia nitrogen by 2.7 times.
c. Crushing straws and weeds, adding livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to be 20-28:1 to obtain a fertilizer raw material.
d. Adding a bacterium of Bacteria G + N into the fertilizer raw materials, and fermenting at the temperature of 50-70 ℃, wherein the fermentation time is determined according to specific materials and processing tasks.
e. And d, adding microalgae into the fermented fertilizer raw materials, wherein the microalgae can be anabaena azotica in the case that the addition proportion of the microalgae is 5-15% of the mass of the fertilizer raw materials fermented in the step d, and continuously stirring and fermenting for 1h to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
f. The water content of the biological organic fertilizer is below 30%, and the biological organic fertilizer is mixed with the modified composite material with the surface containing the oxygen-containing functional group according to the mass ratio of 20:1 to obtain the functional organic fertilizer with the functions of nitrogen reduction, carbon fixation and yield increase.
The introduction of the composite material with the surface containing the oxygen-containing functional group enhances the adsorption capacity of the functional organic fertilizer to cations such as ammonia nitrogen and the like, effectively reduces the release of active nitrogen, has multiple functions of carbon fixation, nitrogen reduction, yield increase and the like, can fill the blank in the fields of soil remediation and fertilizers, realizes the ecological protection and development pattern of the soil with pollution treatment and fertility enhancement, and has better application and popularization values. Specifically, compared with the conventional fertilizer nitrogen fertilizer treatment, the fertilizer consumption of the fertilizer for planting tomatoes, caraway and peppers is reduced by 50-80%, and the functional organic fertilizer N is used2The O emission is reduced by 20-50%, and the organic carbon of the soil is increased by 80-90% per year. Rice experiments show that the functional organic fertilizer can replace 35% of nitrogen fertilizer application and can reduce carbon emission by 2.2 tons/hectare, and corn experiments show that the functional organic fertilizer can replace 30% of nitrogen fertilizer application and can reduce carbon emission by 2 tons/hectare.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1, mixing organic waste with diatomite, and burning under an anoxic condition to prepare a composite material with the surface containing oxygen-containing functional groups; s2, crushing straws and weeds, adding livestock and poultry manure, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio to obtain a fertilizer raw material; s3, adding a bacterium of Bacteria G + N into the fertilizer raw material, and fermenting at the temperature of 50-70 ℃; s4, adding microalgae into the fermented fertilizer raw materials, and continuously fermenting to obtain a biological organic fertilizer; and S5, mixing the biological organic fertilizer with the composite material to obtain the functional fertilizer.
2. The method for preparing the nitrogen-reducing carbon-fixing yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the organic waste to the diatomite in the step S1 is 5-7: 1.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the firing temperature in step S1 is 350-420 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the functional organic fertilizer with the functions of reducing nitrogen, fixing carbon and increasing yield according to claim 1, wherein the organic wastes comprise breeding manure and planting straws.
5. The method for preparing the functional organic fertilizer with the functions of reducing nitrogen, fixing carbon and increasing production according to claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing functional group comprises one or more of carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl and phenolic hydroxyl.
6. The method for preparing a functional organic fertilizer with nitrogen reduction, carbon fixation and yield increase according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein after the step S1, ammonia nitrogen adsorption modification treatment is performed on the composite material.
7. The method for preparing the functional organic fertilizer with the functions of reducing nitrogen, fixing carbon and increasing production according to claim 6, wherein the ammonia nitrogen adsorption modification treatment comprises the following steps: and (3) soaking the composite material in an aqueous solution of ferric nitrate and calcium phosphate with the mass ratio of 1.2:1 at normal temperature, and calcining at high temperature for 1.5 h.
8. The method for preparing the nitrogen-reducing carbon-fixing yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the carbon-nitrogen ratio in step S2 is 20-28: 1.
9. The method for preparing a nitrogen-reducing carbon-fixing yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 8, wherein the addition proportion of the microalgae in the step S4 is 5-15% of the mass of the fertilizer raw material fermented in the step S3.
10. The method for preparing the functional organic fertilizer with the functions of reducing nitrogen, fixing carbon and increasing yield according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the biological organic fertilizer in the step S5 is below 30%, and the mass ratio of the biological organic fertilizer to the composite material is 20: 1.
CN202210146247.9A 2022-02-17 2022-02-17 Preparation method of nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer Pending CN114436691A (en)

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CN202210146247.9A CN114436691A (en) 2022-02-17 2022-02-17 Preparation method of nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer
GB2205800.2A GB2615840A (en) 2022-02-17 2022-04-21 Preparation method of functional organic fertilizer capable of realizing nitrogen reduction, carbon sequestration and increasing yield

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CN202210146247.9A CN114436691A (en) 2022-02-17 2022-02-17 Preparation method of nitrogen-reducing, carbon-fixing and yield-increasing functional organic fertilizer

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117586075A (en) * 2023-11-17 2024-02-23 天津大学 Microalgae mineral organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117586075A (en) * 2023-11-17 2024-02-23 天津大学 Microalgae mineral organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof
CN117586075B (en) * 2023-11-17 2024-05-24 天津大学 Microalgae mineral organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof

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GB2615840A (en) 2023-08-23
GB202205800D0 (en) 2022-06-08

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