CN114434039B - Solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection and welding method - Google Patents
Solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114434039B CN114434039B CN202110052025.6A CN202110052025A CN114434039B CN 114434039 B CN114434039 B CN 114434039B CN 202110052025 A CN202110052025 A CN 202110052025A CN 114434039 B CN114434039 B CN 114434039B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007723 die pressing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004100 electronic packaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011366 tin-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/282—Zn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection and a welding method, which are prepared by taking a pure Sn belt or Sn alloy belt with the thickness less than 0.5mm as a middle welding matrix and pressing a uniform and compact zinc layer with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm on one side or two sides of the middle welding matrix by a powder mould pressing forming method. The copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnected solder has low price, simple preparation process, no element non-uniformity phenomenon, extremely easy control of the width of a welding line, activation of the solder surface and improvement of interface IMC components under the condition of not changing the main components of the solder, and ultrasonic vibration promotes the surface oxide film of a base material to be broken, so that a zinc layer and the base material are subjected to metallurgical reaction, and the low-temperature non-soldering flux interconnection of Cu/Al is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection and a welding method.
Background
In the current electronic packaging industry, SAC305 and SAC0307 lead-free solders with excellent performances replace lead-containing solders due to the harm of lead to the environment and human health, and are widely applied to connecting materials between electronic components and printed circuit boards. And as electronic devices are miniaturized, integrated, and densified, the soldering area is smaller and closer to the electronic devices, i.e., the electronic devices are more sensitive to soldering temperatures. However, the melting point of the SAC305 and SAC0307 lead-free solders is at least 30 ℃ higher than that of SnPb37, so that if the electronic components and the printed circuit board are welded according to the conventional welding method, the welding temperature is high, the welding time is long, and more heat-resistant soldering flux is needed; the service life of the thermosensitive electronic components is easily damaged and even directly fails, and the reliability of welding spots is not guaranteed, so that the resources are greatly wasted and the reputation of companies is damaged. Therefore, a lead-free solder welding method with low welding temperature, high welding efficiency and high welding reliability is an urgent need in the electronic packaging industry at present.
For the welding of copper/aluminum materials at low temperatures, patent CN109759742a at Chongqing university 20190517 discloses a solder and a welding method for solder-free materials, comprising an intermediate welding body made of tin-based materials, wherein the surface of the intermediate welding body or a hole or a pit arranged on the surface is coated or embedded with any one of nickel powder, cobalt powder, tin powder, titanium powder and copper powder, or any two, or any three, or any four, or a mixed powder of five of active nano particles with the diameter in the range of 1-1000 nm. Realizing the low-temperature interconnection of lead-free solder in all solid phase or semi-solid state. In the prior patent, a patent CN108615689A of Harbin university 20181002 discloses a preparation method of an all-Cu 3 Sn compound joint for packaging a power device, firstly, placing a Sn foil and a Cu foil into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, taking out and airing to obtain the cleaned Sn foil and Cu foil; then, paste flux is smeared on two sides of the cleaned Sn foil, and then, a Cu foil is placed on the surface of the Sn foil to form a Cu/Sn/Cu sandwich structure foil; and finally, placing the Cu/Sn/Cu sandwich structure foil on a workbench of a hot press welder, controlling the heating temperature to be 250-400 ℃, and the brazing time to be 1-9.9 s, connecting, continuously applying welding pressure of 0.05-0.7 MPa in the connecting process, and air-cooling to be below 210 ℃ after the welding is finished, thus completing the preparation of the all-Cu 3 Sn compound joint for packaging the power device.
The characteristics of the above examples include that the active nano particles are mostly noble metals, the activity is too strong, the solder powder is difficult to mix uniformly, the pit manufacturing difficulty is high, the repeatability of the process is poor, the welding process of the all-compound joint is complex, the preparation difficulty is high, and the like. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a novel welding method to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and aims at providing a solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection and a welding method. The alloy solder used by the method has low material cost and quite novel manufacturing process. During welding, the welding method is simple to operate, short in welding time, low in welding temperature and low in welding equipment requirement, and not only is the resource consumption low, but also the production efficiency can be greatly improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection is characterized by comprising a tin belt serving as a middle welding matrix, and a zinc layer with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm is pressed on one side or two sides of the middle welding matrix by a powder die-pressing forming method.
Preferably, the intermediate welding matrix is a pure Sn or Sn alloy ribbon, and the thickness of the intermediate welding matrix is less than 0.5mm.
Preferably, the zinc layer is made of zinc powder or zinc particles with a particle size of 0.2-45 μm in nanometer or micrometer scale.
Preferably, the powder molding method is a process of placing a proper amount of zinc powder or zinc particles and an intermediate welding body with proper size in a mold according to the requirement and forming a uniform and compact Zn layer on the surface of the intermediate welding matrix.
A welding method for low-temperature interconnection of copper and aluminum dissimilar materials comprises the steps of taking a copper alloy plate or an aluminum alloy plate as a welding substrate, taking a middle welding matrix with a Zn layer as welding flux, assembling the welding substrate and the welding flux through a welding fixture, putting the welding substrate and the welding flux on a heating platform, and generating vibration through an ultrasonic generator in the welding process to realize ultrasonic auxiliary welding.
The ultrasonic generator is a longitudinal ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic frequency is set to be 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding temperature is room temperature-200 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on a test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 5-30s, and the welding time is 120-240s.
Compared with the prior art, the solder for copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection and the welding method have the following beneficial effects:
1. The zinc powder or zinc particles are manufactured into the sheet shape by adopting powder die-pressing forming, concave-convex pits do not need to be manufactured, the preparation process is simple, and the repeatability is good.
2. The invention is a block solder composed of Sn band or Sn alloy and zinc powder, and has low price, no element non-uniformity phenomenon, stable property and easy control of the formed welding seam width compared with Sn band or Sn alloy solder.
3. According to the invention, the zinc layer is formed on the middle welding matrix, and the high-quality interconnection of copper and aluminum can be realized by changing the IMC component of an interface through ultrasonic vibration and activating the solder surface of special particles under the condition of not changing the main component of the solder.
4. The invention can weld homogeneous or heterogeneous materials, especially materials which are difficult to braze, such as welding formation between copper alloy and aluminum alloy, etc.; by adopting the method of composite solder, the quick connection of dissimilar materials can be realized, the connection efficiency is high, and the application range is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 5;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 6;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
(1) Polishing the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square copper alloy plate 5 by sand paper, spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
(2) As shown in fig. 1, a test piece to be welded is placed in a groove of a die 6 in sequence of an aluminum alloy plate 2, a middle welding matrix 4 with a Zn layer 3 on the upper surface and a copper alloy plate 5;
(3) The die with the test piece is placed on a heating platform 7 by using large tweezers, an ultrasonic vibrator 1 of a longitudinal ultrasonic generator is pressed on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic frequency of the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding temperature is room temperature, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 30s, and the welding time is 240s.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plate and the copper alloy plate are sequentially polished to be smooth by 400# abrasive paper, 800# abrasive paper, 1500# abrasive paper and 3000# abrasive paper, and the surfaces to be welded are polished by using a polishing agent W1.5, so that the surfaces are smoother.
Preferably, the manufacturing process of the middle welding matrix with the Zn layer on the upper surface is to place the middle welding matrix with the same size as the die at the bottom of the die, then add a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 0.2 μm) into the die, then add 4MPa pressure, and form a uniform and compact Zn layer with the thickness of 0.05mm on the upper surface of the middle welding matrix.
Preferably, in the welding process, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper alloy plate 2 and then starts to count by a timer, the ultrasonic is started when the timer displays 150s, the ultrasonic is stopped when the timer displays 180s, until the timer displays 240s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the platform 7, then the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 2
(1) Polishing the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square copper alloy plate 6 by sand paper, spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
(2) As shown in fig. 2, a test piece to be welded is placed in a groove of a die 6 in sequence according to an aluminum alloy plate 2, a middle welding matrix 4 with Zn layers (3, 5) on the upper surface and the lower surface and a copper alloy plate 6;
(3) The die with the test piece is placed on a heating platform 8 by using large tweezers, an ultrasonic vibrator 1 of a longitudinal ultrasonic generator is pressed on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic frequency of the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding temperature is 100 ℃, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 20s, and the welding time is 180s.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plate and the copper alloy plate are sequentially polished to be smooth by 400# abrasive paper, 800# abrasive paper, 1500# abrasive paper and 3000# abrasive paper, and the surfaces to be welded are polished by using a polishing agent W1.5, so that the surfaces are smoother.
Preferably, in the process of manufacturing the intermediate welding matrix with Zn layers on the upper and lower surfaces, a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 1 μm) is added into a mold, the intermediate welding matrix with the same mold size is placed at the bottom of the mold, a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 1 μm) is added into the mold, and then a pressure of 4MPa is applied to the mold, so that a uniform and compact Zn layer with a thickness of 0.10mm is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate welding matrix.
Preferably, in the welding process, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper alloy plate 2 and then starts to count by a timer, the ultrasonic is started when the timer displays 120s, the ultrasonic is stopped when the timer displays 140s, until the timer displays 180s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the platform 7, then the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 3
(1) Polishing the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square copper alloy plate 5 by sand paper, spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
(2) As shown in fig. 1, a test piece to be welded is placed in a groove of a die 6 in sequence of an aluminum alloy plate 2, a middle welding matrix 4 with a Zn layer 3 on the upper surface and a copper alloy plate 5;
(3) The die with the test piece is placed on a heating platform 7 by using large tweezers, an ultrasonic vibrator 1 of a longitudinal ultrasonic generator is pressed on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic frequency of the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding maximum temperature is 160 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 10s, and the welding time is 150s.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plate and the copper alloy plate are sequentially polished to be smooth by 400# abrasive paper, 800# abrasive paper, 1500# abrasive paper and 3000# abrasive paper, and the surfaces to be welded are polished by using a polishing agent W1.5, so that the surfaces are smoother.
Preferably, the manufacturing process of the middle welding matrix with the Zn layer on the upper surface is to place the middle welding matrix with the same size as the die at the bottom of the die, then add a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 10 μm) into the die, then add 4MPa pressure, and form a uniform and compact Zn layer with the thickness of 0.2mm on the upper surface of the middle welding matrix.
Preferably, in the welding process, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper alloy plate 2 and then starts to count by a timer, the ultrasonic is started when the timer displays 100s, the ultrasonic is stopped when the timer displays 110s, until the timer displays 150s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the platform 7 and then the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 4
(1) Polishing the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square copper alloy plate 6 by sand paper, spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
(2) As shown in fig. 2, a test piece to be welded is placed in a groove of a die 6 in sequence according to an aluminum alloy plate 2, a middle welding matrix 4 with Zn layers (3, 5) on the upper surface and the lower surface and a copper alloy plate 6;
(3) The die with the test piece is placed on a heating platform 8 by using large tweezers, an ultrasonic vibrator 1 of a longitudinal ultrasonic generator is pressed on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic frequency of the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding maximum temperature is 200 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 5s, and the welding time is 120s.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plate and the copper alloy plate are sequentially polished to be smooth by 400# abrasive paper, 800# abrasive paper, 1500# abrasive paper and 3000# abrasive paper, and the surfaces to be welded are polished by using a polishing agent W1.5, so that the surfaces are smoother.
Preferably, in the process of manufacturing the intermediate welding matrix with Zn layers on the upper and lower surfaces, a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 20 μm) is added into a die, then the intermediate welding matrix with the same die size is placed at the bottom of the die, then a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 20 μm) is added into the die, and then a pressure of 4MPa is applied, so that a uniform and compact Zn layer with a thickness of 0.3mm is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate welding matrix.
Preferably, in the welding process, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper alloy plate 2 and then starts to count by a timer, the ultrasonic is started when the timer displays 80s, the ultrasonic is stopped when the timer displays 85s, until the timer displays 120s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the platform 7 and then the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 5
(1) Polishing the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square copper alloy plate 5 by sand paper, spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
(2) As shown in fig. 1, a test piece to be welded is placed in a groove of a die 6 in sequence of an aluminum alloy plate 2, a middle welding matrix 4 with a Zn layer 3 on the upper surface and a copper alloy plate 5;
(3) The die with the test piece is placed on a heating platform 7 by using large tweezers, an ultrasonic vibrator 1 of a longitudinal ultrasonic generator is pressed on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic frequency of the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding maximum temperature is 160 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 20s, and the welding time is 180s.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plate and the copper alloy plate are sequentially polished to be smooth by 400# abrasive paper, 800# abrasive paper, 1500# abrasive paper and 3000# abrasive paper, and the surfaces to be welded are polished by using a polishing agent W1.5, so that the surfaces are smoother.
Preferably, the manufacturing process of the middle welding matrix with the Zn layer on the upper surface is to place the middle welding matrix with the same size as the die at the bottom of the die, then add a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 30 μm) into the die, then add 4MPa pressure, and form a uniform and compact Zn layer with the thickness of 0.5mm on the upper surface of the middle welding matrix.
Preferably, in the welding process, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper alloy plate 2 and then starts to count by a timer, the ultrasonic is started when the timer displays 120s, the ultrasonic is stopped when the timer displays 140s, until the timer displays 180s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the platform 7, then the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 6
(1) Polishing the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square copper alloy plate 6 by sand paper, spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
(2) As shown in fig. 2, a test piece to be welded is placed in a groove of a die 6 in sequence according to an aluminum alloy plate 2, a middle welding matrix 4 with Zn layers (3, 5) on the upper surface and the lower surface and a copper alloy plate 6;
(3) The die with the test piece is placed on a heating platform 8 by using large tweezers, an ultrasonic vibrator 1 of a longitudinal ultrasonic generator is pressed on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic frequency of the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding maximum temperature is 130 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 30s, and the welding time is 200s.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plate and the copper alloy plate are sequentially polished to be smooth by 400# abrasive paper, 800# abrasive paper, 1500# abrasive paper and 3000# abrasive paper, and the surfaces to be welded are polished by using a polishing agent W1.5, so that the surfaces are smoother.
Preferably, in the process of manufacturing the intermediate welding matrix with Zn layers on the upper and lower surfaces, a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 40 μm) is added into a die, then the intermediate welding matrix with the same die size is placed at the bottom of the die, then a proper amount of zinc powder (particle size: 40 μm) is added into the die, and then a pressure of 4MPa is applied, so that a uniform and compact Zn layer with a thickness of 0.5mm is formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate welding matrix.
Preferably, in the welding process, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper alloy plate 2 and then starts to count by a timer, the ultrasonic is started when the timer displays 140s, the ultrasonic is stopped when the timer displays 170s, until the timer displays 200s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the platform 7 and then the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solution, and although the applicant has described the present invention in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents of the technical solution of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The solder is characterized by comprising a tin belt as an intermediate welding matrix, wherein a zinc layer with the thickness of 0.05-0.5mm is pressed on one side or two sides of the intermediate welding matrix by a powder mould pressing method, the intermediate welding matrix is a pure Sn belt or Sn alloy belt with the thickness of not more than 0.5mm, the zinc layer is zinc powder or zinc particles with the particle size of 0.2-45 mu m nanometer or micrometer, and the powder mould pressing method is a process of placing proper amount of zinc powder or zinc particles and the intermediate welding matrix with proper size in a mould according to the requirement and forming a uniform and compact zinc layer on the surface of the intermediate welding matrix.
2. The welding method of the welding flux for the copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnection according to claim 1, wherein a flat copper alloy column or an aluminum alloy column is polished by sand paper to serve as a welding substrate, an intermediate welding matrix with a zinc layer serves as the welding flux, the welding substrate and the welding flux are assembled through a welding fixture and then placed on a heating platform, vibration is generated through a supersonic generator in the welding process, breakage of oxide films on the surface of a base metal and the surface of the welding flux is promoted, and high-quality interconnection of a welding joint is achieved.
3. The welding method of the copper-aluminum dissimilar material low-temperature interconnected welding flux is characterized in that the ultrasonic generator is a longitudinal ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic frequency is set to be 20KHz, the power is 600w, the welding temperature is room temperature-200 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on a test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic time is 5-30s, and the welding time is 120-240s.
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| US20050217757A1 (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-06 | Yoshihiro Miyano | Preflux, flux, solder paste and method of manufacturing lead-free soldered body |
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