CN114453793B - Special material solid-phase interconnection Zn-based mixed powder and connecting process - Google Patents
Special material solid-phase interconnection Zn-based mixed powder and connecting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114453793B CN114453793B CN202110052080.5A CN202110052080A CN114453793B CN 114453793 B CN114453793 B CN 114453793B CN 202110052080 A CN202110052080 A CN 202110052080A CN 114453793 B CN114453793 B CN 114453793B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000969 tin-silver-copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004100 electronic packaging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/282—Zn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
Abstract
The invention provides a dissimilar solid-phase interconnection Zn-based mixed powder and a connecting process, wherein the Zn-based mixed powder is formed by mixing 10% -40% of tin-silver-copper powder with cheap Zn as a main body, the types of particles are few, the components of solder are simple, the material cost and the preparation cost are low, an interface intermetallic compound is different from the traditional tin-based solder, a preset micropore is obtained by soaking in NaOH, a short time of low-power ultrasonic wave is applied to promote the rupture of a welding parent metal and a solder surface oxide film, mechanical occlusion occurs at concave-convex positions, the welding temperature is low, the welding effect is better, and the joint quality is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to special material solid phase interconnection Zn-based mixed powder and a connecting process.
Background
With the progress of the times, the micro-connection technology is developed to high speed and high quality, and new requirements are put on the performance of the solder. Lead has great harm to the environment and the update period of electronic products in the current society is shorter and shorter, and a large amount of electronic garbage can be generated. Therefore, in the electronic packaging industry, SAC305 and SAC0307 lead-free solders with excellent performances replace lead-containing solders due to the harm of lead to the environment and human health, and are widely applied to connecting materials between electronic components and printed circuit boards. The updating period of the electronic product is shorter and shorter, more raw materials are consumed, more and more cost consideration is given to the electronic micro-connection, and a lower-cost solder is considered under the principle of no loss of performance.
Dissimilar materials are also increasing for electronic packaging, and as electronic devices are miniaturized, integrated, and densified, the soldering area is smaller and closer to the electronic devices, i.e., the electronic devices are more sensitive to soldering temperatures. However, the melting point of the SAC305 and SAC0307 lead-free solders is at least 30 ℃ higher than that of SnPb37, so that if the electronic components and the printed circuit board are welded according to the conventional welding method, the welding temperature is high, the welding time is long, and more heat-resistant soldering flux is needed; the service life of the thermosensitive electronic component is easily damaged and even directly fails, and the reliability of the welding spot is not ensured. Therefore, a lead-free solder soldering method with low soldering temperature, high soldering efficiency and high soldering reliability is an urgent need in the electronic packaging industry.
For interconnection of dissimilar materials at low temperature, in the prior art, patent CN109759741a of Chongqing university 20190517 discloses a brazing powder for ultrasonic-assisted brazing and a brazing method, firstly tin copper powder or tin silver powder or powder mixed by tin copper powder and tin silver copper powder, and any one or any two or any three or any four or five of nickel powder, cobalt powder, copper powder, tin powder and titanium powder of active nano particles with diameters in a range of 1-1000nm are uniformly mixed into solder powder according to a mass ratio of not more than 20%. By adopting an ultrasonic auxiliary brazing method, the welding flux or nano particles and the parent metal are promoted to carry out metallurgical reaction by oscillation heat generation of an ultrasonic generating device, and the full-solid or semi-solid low-temperature interconnection of the lead-free welding flux is realized. In the prior patent, a new Mabo created ultrasonic technology Co., dongguan, 20181019 patent CN108672867A discloses a fluxless pulse ultrasonic low-temperature brazing method of a copper-based material, which comprises the steps of forming a component to be welded by a base metal and alloy brazing filler metal, and performing ultrasonic brazing on a welding part of the component to be welded to enable the welding base metal to form metallurgical bonding. In the prior art, zhang Cao 2014101 patent CN203875447U discloses an ultrasonic low-temperature brazing device, utilizes ultrasonic waves to break oxide on the surface of a welded object, then welds a melted welding wire at a required position through a welding head, and can realize soldering tin without soldering flux, thereby reducing the cleaning treatment flow of a welding part, being beneficial to improving the production efficiency and the product welding quality, saving the production cost, and having simple integral structure, convenient installation and use, safety and reliability and wide application range.
The characteristics of the above examples include uneven mixing of composite solder containing nano particles, too expensive particles, too many types, uneven mixing of particles, higher welding temperature, larger fluctuation of performance of the welding joint, and the problem that the interconnection effect of difficult-to-weld dissimilar materials is to be improved. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a novel solder and soldering method for dissimilar material interconnection to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the dissimilar material solid-phase interconnection Zn-based mixed powder which is low in cost, excellent in performance and simple to manufacture, and has the advantages of short welding time, low welding temperature, low requirements on welding equipment, excellent welding effect, simplicity and convenience in interconnecting dissimilar materials difficult to weld and higher joint strength.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the special material solid phase interconnection Zn-based mixed powder is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: active particle zinc powder with the particle size of 1um-45um is taken as a main body and is mixed with tin-silver copper powder with the mass ratio of 10% -40% according to different proportions.
Further characterized by: the granularity of the tin-silver copper powder is 0.2um-5um.
The particle size of the zinc powder is 1um-45um.
The dissimilar material solid phase interconnection connection process is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Red copper or other copper alloy, aluminum or aluminum alloy is selected as a base material to be welded (or other difficult-to-weld materials, such as: steel, aluminum alloy and the like), polishing the surface area to be welded of the welding parent metal to be smooth and flat, soaking the surface area to be welded in NaOH solution with certain concentration to obtain preset holes, or preparing holes on one surface to be welded or two surfaces to be welded, or not preparing preset holes, then spraying alcohol on the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
2) Uniformly mixing zinc powder with different particle sizes with tin-silver copper powder according to the mass ratio of 10% -40% to obtain solder powder;
3) Placing one base material to be welded in a clamp, then placing the solder powder completely wetted by alcohol on the base material to be welded, then placing the other base material to be welded on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table;
4) And (3) adjusting the position of the ultrasonic generating device, pressing an ultrasonic vibrator of the ultrasonic generating device on a parent metal to be welded, adjusting ultrasonic power, starting the ultrasonic generating device after the welding temperature required by the process is reached before alcohol is completely volatilized, performing ultrasonic auxiliary welding, and stopping the ultrasonic generating device after the welding time required by the process is reached, so that welding is completed.
4. A solder powder for use at low temperatures according to claim 3, wherein: its mixing mode is mechanical stirring, and is carried out for 5 minutes under the condition of room temperature for optimal time.
5. A soldering process for dissimilar material interconnection according to claim 3, wherein: the longitudinal ultrasonic generator is adopted, the ultrasonic generating device is continuously vibrated, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-50KHz, the ultrasonic power is 300-2000W, the welding temperature is 160-240 ℃, the ultrasonic auxiliary time is 5-30s, and the total welding time is 90-300s.
Compared with the prior art, the welding flux and the welding process for the dissimilar material interconnection have the following beneficial effects:
1. the solder of the invention takes Zn as a main body, and 10% -40% of tin-silver-copper powder, and has the advantages of simple components, few particle types, low material cost and low preparation cost.
2. The solder of the invention takes cheap Zn as a main body, and the interface intermetallic compound formed by Zn-based mixed powder is different from the traditional solder with tin, so that the welding effect is better, and the joint quality is high.
3. The invention is to soak the difficult-to-weld base metal in NaOH solution with certain concentration to obtain preset micropores, the oscillation activation and friction generated by the ultrasonic generator are aggravated, the surface oxide film of the welding base metal is promoted to be broken, and meanwhile, mechanical occlusion occurs at the concave-convex part, so that the quality of the welding joint is better.
4. The invention applies short low-power ultrasonic once in the welding process, promotes the crushing and interface reaction of the oxide film on the surface of Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, the surface of Zn powder and the surface of the base metal, and has short welding time and high welding quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 2;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 5;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the apparatus of embodiment 6;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
The solder for the dissimilar material interconnection is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
the Zn powder with the grain diameter of 1um-45um is evenly mixed with the micron-sized Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder according to the mass ratio of 10-40 percent.
The welding powder is mechanical mixed powder, wherein the welding tin powder is 0.2um-5um Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, the Zn powder is limited to the same powder size, and the alloy welding powder is obtained by uniformly mixing the welding tin powder and the Zn powder.
The invention relates to a low-temperature solid phase connection method for dissimilar materials, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Red copper or other copper alloy, aluminum or aluminum alloy is selected as a base material to be welded (or other difficult-to-weld materials, such as: steel, aluminum alloy and the like), polishing the surface area to be welded of the welding parent metal to be smooth and flat, soaking the surface area to be welded in NaOH solution with certain concentration to obtain preset holes, or preparing holes on one surface to be welded or two surfaces to be welded, or not preparing preset holes, then spraying alcohol on the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
2) Uniformly mixing zinc powder with different particle sizes with tin-silver copper powder according to the mass ratio of 10% -40% to obtain solder powder;
3) Placing one base material to be welded in a clamp, then placing the solder powder completely wetted by alcohol on the base material to be welded, then placing the other base material to be welded on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table;
4) And (3) adjusting the position of the ultrasonic generating device, pressing an ultrasonic vibrator of the ultrasonic generating device on a parent metal to be welded, adjusting ultrasonic power, starting the ultrasonic generating device after the welding temperature required by the process is reached before alcohol is completely volatilized, performing ultrasonic auxiliary welding, and stopping the ultrasonic generating device after the welding time required by the process is reached, so that welding is completed.
The mixing of the solder powder is best carried out by mechanical stirring for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature.
The ultrasonic generator is a longitudinal ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator is continuous ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-50KHz, the ultrasonic power is 300-1000W, the welding temperature is 160-240 ℃, the ultrasonic auxiliary time is 5-10s, and the welding time is 90s.
Example 1
(1) The base material to be welded is a square copper plate 2 and a square copper plate 6, the surface area to be welded of the square copper plate 2 and the square copper plate 6 is polished to be smooth by sand paper, the surface of the area to be welded is sprayed with alcohol, and then drying treatment is carried out;
(2) Firstly placing a copper plate 6 in a clamp, then placing solder powder formed by mixing Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder 5 and Zn powder 4 on the copper plate 6 in the clamp, wetting the solder powder on the copper plate 6 with alcohol, placing the copper plate 2 on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table 7;
(3) The ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is 20KHz, and the power is 300w. The welding temperature is 160 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 5s, and the total welding time is 90s.
The particle size of the Zn powder is preferably as follows: 1um. The particle size of the Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder is preferably as follows: 5um Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The solder powder is preferably: zn powder+10% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+20% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+30% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+40% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The mixing of the solder powder is optimally performed for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration.
The base metal to be welded placed according to the position makes the area to be welded in close contact with the alloy welding powder through alcohol, the test piece is placed on the constant temperature platform for a few seconds, the alcohol is completely volatilized, and the components of the alloy welding powder and the copper plate are in close contact when the alcohol volatilizes.
And in the welding process, the longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the timer is used for timing, the ultrasonic generator is started at the same time when the timer displays 10s, the ultrasonic generator is closed when the timer displays 15s, until the timer displays 90s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the test piece, the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 2
(1) The base material to be welded is a square copper plate 2 and a square aluminum alloy plate 6, the surface area to be welded of the square copper plate 2 and the square aluminum alloy plate 6 is polished to be smooth by sand paper, meanwhile, a preset hole is formed in the surface to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 6, the surface of the area to be welded is sprayed by alcohol, and then drying treatment is carried out;
(2) Firstly placing an aluminum alloy plate 6 in a clamp, then placing solder powder formed by mixing Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder 5 and Zn powder 4 on the aluminum alloy plate 5 in the clamp, wetting the solder powder on the aluminum alloy plate 6 with alcohol, placing a copper plate 2 on the solder powder, and finally placing a platform on a heating platform 7;
(3) The ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is 30KHz, and the power is 310w. The welding temperature is 180 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 10s, and the welding time is 130s.
The particle size of the Zn powder is preferably as follows: 20um. The particle size of the Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder is preferably as follows: 3um Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The solder powder is preferably: zn powder+10% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+20% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+30% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+40% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The mixing of the solder powder is optimally performed for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration.
The base metal to be welded placed according to the position makes the area to be welded in close contact with the alloy welding powder through alcohol, the test piece is placed on the constant temperature platform for a few seconds, the alcohol is completely volatilized, and the components of the alloy welding powder, the alloy welding powder and the copper plate and the alloy welding powder and the aluminum alloy plate are in close contact while the alcohol volatilizes.
And in the welding process, the longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the timer is used for timing, the ultrasonic generator is started at the same time when the timer displays 10s, the ultrasonic generator is closed when the timer displays 16s, until the timer displays 90s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the test piece, the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 3
(1) The base material to be welded is a square copper plate 2 and a square stainless steel plate 6, the surface area to be welded of the square copper plate 2 and the square stainless steel plate 6 is polished to be smooth by sand paper, soaked in NaOH solution for 10 seconds, cleaned by alcohol, and then dried;
(2) Firstly placing a stainless steel plate 6 in a clamp, then placing solder powder formed by mixing Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder 5 and Zn powder 4 on the stainless steel plate 6 in the clamp, wetting the solder powder on an aluminum alloy plate 6 with alcohol, placing a copper plate 2 on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table 7;
(3) The ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is 20KHz, and the power is 320w. The welding temperature is 200 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 15s, and the welding time is 170s.
The particle size of the Zn powder is preferably as follows: 45um. The particle size of the Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder is preferably as follows: 0.2um Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The solder powder is preferably: zn powder+10% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+20% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+30% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+40% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The mixing of the solder powder is best carried out by mechanical stirring for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature.
The base metal to be welded placed according to the position makes the area to be welded in close contact with the alloy welding powder through alcohol, the test piece is placed on the constant temperature platform for a few seconds, the alcohol is completely volatilized, and the components of the alloy welding powder, the alloy welding powder and the copper plate and the alloy welding powder and the aluminum alloy plate are in close contact while the alcohol volatilizes.
And in the welding process, after the longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the time is counted by a timer, the ultrasonic generator is started at the same time when the timer displays 10s, the ultrasonic generator is closed when the timer displays 17s, until the timer displays 90s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the test piece, the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 4
(1) The base metal to be welded is a square aluminum alloy plate 2 and a square stainless steel plate 6, the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square stainless steel plate 6 is polished to be smooth by sand paper, holes are preset in the surface to be welded of the square stainless steel plate 6, the surface of the area to be welded is sprayed with alcohol, and then drying treatment is carried out;
(2) Firstly placing a stainless steel plate 6 in a clamp, then placing solder powder formed by mixing Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder 5 and Zn powder 4 on the stainless steel plate 6 in the clamp, wetting the solder powder on the stainless steel plate 6 with alcohol, placing an aluminum alloy plate 2 on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table 7;
(3) The ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the copper plate 2, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is 40KHz, and the power is 330w. The welding temperature is 220 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 20s, and the welding time is 210s.
The particle size of the Zn powder is preferably as follows: 60%1um+40%20um. The particle size of the Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder is preferably as follows: 0.3um Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The solder powder is preferably: zn powder+10% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+20% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+30% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+40% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The mixing of the solder powder is best carried out by mechanical stirring for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature.
The base metal to be welded placed according to the position is used for enabling the area to be welded to be in close contact with the alloy welding powder through alcohol, the test piece is placed on the constant temperature platform for a few seconds, the alcohol is completely volatilized, and the components of the alloy welding powder, the alloy welding powder and the aluminum alloy plate and the alloy welding powder and the stainless steel plate are in close contact when the alcohol volatilizes.
And in the welding process, after the longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the aluminum alloy plate 2, the timer is used for timing, the ultrasonic generator is started at the same time when the timer displays 10s, the ultrasonic generator is closed when the timer displays 18s, until the timer displays 90s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the test piece, the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 5
(1) The base metal to be welded is square aluminum alloy plate 2 and square aluminum alloy plate 6, the surface area to be welded of the square aluminum alloy plate 2 and the square aluminum alloy plate 6 is polished smooth by sand paper, soaked in NaOH solution for 10 seconds, cleaned by alcohol, and then dried;
(2) Firstly placing an aluminum alloy plate 6 in a clamp, then placing solder powder formed by mixing Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder 5 and Zn powder 4 on the aluminum alloy plate 6 in the clamp, wetting the solder powder on the aluminum alloy plate 6 with alcohol, placing the aluminum alloy plate 2 on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table 7;
(3) The ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the aluminum alloy plate 2, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is 50KHz, and the power is 340w. The welding temperature is 200 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 25s, and the welding time is 250s.
The particle size of the Zn powder is preferably as follows: 60%20um and 40%45um. The particle size of the Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder is preferably 0.5um Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The solder powder is preferably: zn powder+10% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+20% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+30% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+40% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The mixing of the solder powder is optimally performed for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature by mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration.
The base metal to be welded placed according to the position makes the area to be welded closely contacted with the alloy welding powder through alcohol, the test piece is placed on the constant temperature platform for a few seconds, the alcohol is completely volatilized, and the components of the alloy welding powder and the aluminum alloy plate are more closely contacted when the alcohol volatilizes.
And in the welding process, after the longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the aluminum alloy plate 2, the timer is used for timing, the ultrasonic generator is started at the same time when the timer displays 10s, the ultrasonic generator is closed when the timer displays 19s, until the timer displays 90s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled to be far away from the test piece, the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed.
Example 6
(1) The base material to be welded is a square stainless steel plate 2 and a square stainless steel plate 6, the surface area to be welded of the square stainless steel plate 2 and the square stainless steel plate 6 is polished to be smooth by sand paper, holes are preset in the surface to be welded of the square stainless steel plate 6, the surface of the area to be welded is sprayed with alcohol, and then drying treatment is carried out;
(2) Firstly placing a stainless steel plate 6 in a clamp, then placing solder powder formed by mixing Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder 5 and Zn powder 4 on the stainless steel plate 6 in the clamp, wetting the solder powder on the stainless steel plate 6 with alcohol, placing a stainless steel plate 2 on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table 7;
(3) The ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the stainless steel plate 2, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is 50KHz, and the power is 350w. The welding temperature is 240 ℃, ultrasonic auxiliary welding is carried out on the test piece to be welded, the ultrasonic auxiliary welding time is 30s, and the welding time is 300s.
The particle size of the Zn powder is preferably as follows: 50%1um+30%20um+20%45um. The particle size of the Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder is preferably 1um of Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The solder powder is preferably: zn powder+10% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+20% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+30% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder, zn powder+40% Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu powder.
The mixing of the solder powder is best carried out by mechanical stirring for 2 minutes under the condition of room temperature.
The base metal to be welded placed according to the position makes the area to be welded in close contact with the alloy welding powder through alcohol, the test piece is placed on the constant temperature platform for a few seconds, the alcohol is completely volatilized, and the components of the alloy welding powder and the stainless steel plate are in close contact when the alcohol volatilizes.
And in the welding process, after the longitudinal ultrasonic vibrator 1 is pressed on the stainless steel plate 2, the time counting by a timer is started, the ultrasonic generator is started at the same time when the timer displays 10s, the ultrasonic is closed when the timer displays 20s, until the timer displays 90s, the ultrasonic vibrator 1 is controlled, the ultrasonic vibrator 6 is far away from the test piece, the test piece is taken down, and the test piece is cooled in the air, so that the welding is completed. Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solution, and although the applicant has described the present invention in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents of the technical solution of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution, and all such modifications and equivalents are intended to be encompassed in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The connection process of the copper-aluminum dissimilar material solid phase interconnection is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Selecting red copper or copper alloy, taking aluminum or aluminum alloy as a base material to be welded, polishing the surface area to be welded of the base material to be welded to be smooth and flat, soaking the surface area to be welded in NaOH solution with a certain concentration to obtain a preset hole, then spraying alcohol to wash the surface of the area to be welded, and then drying;
2) The adopted solder is Zn-based mixed powder, the Zn-based mixed powder takes active particle zinc powder with the particle size of 1um-45um as a main body, and is uniformly mixed with Sn0.3Ag0.7Cu spherical powder with the mass ratio of 10% -40% and the particle size of 0.2um-5um according to a proportion;
3) Placing one base material to be welded in a clamp, then placing the solder powder completely wetted by alcohol on the base material to be welded, then placing the other base material to be welded on the solder powder, and finally placing the clamp on a heating table;
4) Adjusting the position of an ultrasonic generating device, pressing an ultrasonic vibrator of the ultrasonic generating device on a parent metal to be welded, adjusting ultrasonic power, starting the ultrasonic generating device after the welding temperature required by the process is reached before alcohol is completely volatilized, performing ultrasonic auxiliary welding, stopping the ultrasonic generating device after the welding time required by the process is reached, and finishing welding; the ultrasonic generator adopts a longitudinal ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator adopts continuous ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic frequency is 20-50KHz, the ultrasonic power is 300-2000W, the welding temperature is 160-240 ℃, the ultrasonic auxiliary time is 5-30s, and the total welding time is 90-300s.
2. The connection process for copper-aluminum dissimilar solid phase interconnection according to claim 1, wherein the connection process comprises the following steps: the solder powder was mixed by mechanical stirring and stirred at room temperature for 5 minutes.
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