CN114431488A

CN114431488A - Fresh fruit differential of tea-oil camellia is to rubbing huller with hands

Info

Publication number: CN114431488A
Application number: CN202210135066.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴昊; 汤晶宇; 王东; 曲振兴; 寇欣; 徐克生; 王德柱
Original assignee: National Forestry And Prairie Bureau Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute
Current assignee: National Forestry And Prairie Bureau Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-02-14
Filing date: 2022-02-14
Publication date: 2022-05-06

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hulling devices, and discloses a differential opposite-rubbing huller for fresh oil-tea camellia fruits, which comprises: the device comprises a frame, a differential rubbing device and a screening mechanism; the differential speed rubbing device enables the skins of the fresh oil-tea camellia fruits to be subjected to tearing forces in different directions through the speed difference of the belt rotating mechanism I and the belt rotating mechanism II, so that the upper and lower surfaces of the fresh oil-tea camellia fruits are separated, and the gaps among the belts are adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, so that the device is suitable for more fruit types, and the compatibility of the huller is improved; the shell and seed mixture subjected to shelling treatment in the screening mechanism enters the screening assembly through the blanking assembly, and is driven by the vibration separator to separate crushed slag, smaller oil-tea shells and oil-tea fruits which are not peeled or half-peeled, so that the secondary shelling operation and the oil-tea fruits are facilitated. The oil tea shell seed mixture after screening has just realized the separation of tea shell and tea seed through sorting mechanism's selection, has promoted shelling, the sorting efficiency of tea-oil camellia fruit, has reduced staff's intensity of labour and cost.

Description

Fresh fruit differential of tea-oil camellia is to rubbing huller with hands

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hulling devices, in particular to a differential counter-rubbing huller for hulling fresh oil-tea camellia fruits.

Background

The shelling of fresh oil-tea camellia fruits is an important step of oil-tea camellia fruit post-treatment, and the process of sorting, squeezing and the like of oil-tea camellia seeds is directly influenced by the shelling quality. At present, the shelling principle of fresh camellia oleifera fruits mainly comprises an impact method, a shearing method, an extrusion method, a rolling and rubbing method, a rolling and tearing method, a profiling method and the like, most shellers adopt one or more shelling principles, and the types of the widely used shellers mainly comprise a roller beating type, a vertical cone rolling and rubbing type, a roller cutting and cutting type and the like.

At present, the huller for fresh oil tea fruits mainly has the following problems: low threshing rate, high seed breaking rate, poor stability and the like; in addition, in addition to the above problems, some hullers for fresh camellia oleifera fruits have problems of poor matching property and the like.

Therefore, how to use the same huller with high hulling efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruits, which solves at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art to some extent.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a differential counter rubbing huller for fresh oil tea fruits comprises: the device comprises a frame and a differential rubbing device;

the rack comprises a support frame and mounting plates which are arranged oppositely;

the differential speed rubbing device comprises a belt rotating mechanism I, a belt rotating mechanism II and an adjusting mechanism; the first belt rotating mechanism and the second belt rotating mechanism are installed between opposite installation plates of the rack and are longitudinally and sequentially arranged, gaps exist between the first belt rotating mechanism and the second belt rotating mechanism, the adjusting mechanisms are installed on the installation plates on two sides and used for adjusting the size of the gaps between the first belt rotating mechanism and the second belt rotating mechanism.

Preferably, in the fresh camellia oleifera fruit differential counter-rubbing huller, the first belt rotating mechanism comprises a first motor, a first speed reducer, a first driving roller, a first driven roller and a first belt; the belt rotating mechanism II comprises a motor II, a speed reducer II, a driving roller II, a driven roller II and a belt II; the two ends of the rack are respectively and correspondingly a feeding end and a discharging end;

the first driving roller and the second driving roller are respectively arranged on the discharge end of the mounting plate, the first driven roller and the second driven roller are respectively arranged on the feed end of the mounting plate, the first belt and the second belt are respectively arranged on the first driving roller and the first driven roller, the second driving roller and the second driven roller in a sleeved mode, the first motor and the second motor are arranged on the mounting plate, and the first speed reducer and the second speed reducer are respectively connected with the first driving roller and the second driving roller in a transmission mode.

Preferably, in the above differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruits, the mounting plate is provided with auxiliary plates extending outwards at both the top end and the bottom end.

Preferably, in the above differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruits, the adjusting mechanism comprises a screw, a limiting frame and a limiting pressure rod; the limiting frame is arranged on the inner side of the first belt, a limiting pressure plate at the bottom of the limiting pressure plate is abutted to the bottom of the first belt, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the limiting pressure rods, a plurality of limiting pressure rods horizontally penetrate through the limiting frame and penetrate out of the limiting pressure rods along the strip-shaped holes corresponding to the mounting plate, and a plurality of screw rods are rotatably connected between the auxiliary plates and are in screwed connection with the threaded holes.

Preferably, in the fresh camellia oleifera fruit differential counter-rubbing huller, the huller further comprises a support plate, the support plate is arranged on the inner side of the second belt and is abutted against the top of the second belt, and two sides of the support plate are fixed on corresponding mounting plates through bolts.

Preferably, the fresh camellia oleifera fruit differential counter-rubbing huller further comprises a screening mechanism, wherein the screening mechanism comprises a blanking assembly, a screening assembly and a sorting assembly;

the blanking assembly comprises a blanking barrel, a blanking shaft, a shifting sheet, a motor III and a speed reducer III; the outer wall of the blanking shaft is vertically provided with a plurality of shifting pieces, the shifting pieces are installed on the installation plate at the discharging end and correspond to the second belt, the blanking barrel is sleeved outside the blanking shaft, a feeding hole and a discharging hole are respectively formed in the side and the bottom of the blanking barrel corresponding to the second belt, and the third motor is fixed on the installation plate and is in transmission connection with the blanking shaft through the third speed reducer;

the screening assembly comprises a first screening plate, a second screening plate, a collecting box and a vibration separator; the side wall of the first screening plate is connected with the mounting plate through a tension spring, the second screening plate is arranged below the first screening plate, screening strip holes with different sizes are formed in bottom plates of the first screening plate and the second screening plate, a sorting outlet is formed in one side of the first screening plate, the collecting box is arranged below the second screening plate, and the vibration separator is arranged on one sides of the first screening plate and the second screening plate;

the sorting assembly comprises a sorting frame, a sorting roller, a smooth roller, a motor IV and a chain wheel transmission part; the top both sides of sorting frame set up the baffle, and it sets up a plurality of sorting rollers and smooth roll side by side in turn near the top position, with the unloading end of second screening board corresponds, sprocket drive part sets up a plurality of sprockets to set up respectively every sorting roller smooth roll and the tip of motor four's output shaft to in proper order around establishing the transmission through the chain and connecting.

Preferably, in the above differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruits, a suspension shaft is arranged between the baffles, a plurality of hanging plates are arranged on the suspension shaft, and the plurality of hanging plates respectively correspond to the gaps between the sorting rollers and the smooth rollers;

preferably, in the fresh camellia oleifera fruit differential counter-rubbing huller, one end of each of the sorting roller and the smooth roller is provided with a chain wheel, the other end of each of the sorting roller and the smooth roller is provided with a blanking rod, a gap between the blanking rods is larger than a gap between the sorting roller and the smooth roller, and an inclined feeding plate is arranged below the blanking rods.

According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses and provides the differential opposite-rubbing huller for fresh oil-tea camellia fruits, which has the advantages that:

the shelling mode of the invention adopts a rubbing mode, the shelling principle adopts an extruding and tearing principle, and compared with other shelling modes, the shelling device has the advantages of high compatibility, low seed breaking rate, low cost, simple and convenient operation and the like. The method solves the problems of low threshing rate, high seed breaking rate, poor matching property and the like in the field of hulling of the green camellia fruits, has the advantages of low cost, simplicity and convenience in operation and the like, and can be widely applied to hulling operation of the green camellia fruits;

the peel of the fresh oil-tea camellia fruits is subjected to tearing forces in different directions through the speed difference between the belt rotating mechanism I and the belt rotating mechanism II, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the fresh oil-tea camellia fruits are separated, the distance between the belt rotating mechanism I and the belt rotating mechanism II can be adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, the device is suitable for oil-tea camellia fruits with different sizes and varieties, and the enough supporting force is guaranteed to be applied to the oil-tea camellia fruits in the differential rubbing process through the supporting plate, so that the rubbing effect is improved;

the materials subjected to the rubbing treatment enter the screening assembly through the blanking assembly, are divided under the driving of the vibration material divider, so that the crushed slag, the smaller oil tea shells and the oil tea fruits which are not peeled or semi-peeled in the shell and seed mixture are separated, and the separation of the tea shells and the tea seeds is realized under the further operation of the sorting assembly. The device has the advantages of small volume, compact structure, low cost and more convenient operation, greatly improves the shelling and sorting efficiency of the oil-tea camellia fruits, reduces the labor intensity of workers, has higher automation degree, and realizes the aims of low damage rate and high productivity.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention with the mounting plate removed from one side;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention from the bottom.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1-5, the differential counter rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruits of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a frame 1 and a differential rubbing device;

the frame 1 comprises a support frame 10 and oppositely arranged mounting plates 11;

the differential speed rubbing device comprises a belt rotating mechanism I20, a belt rotating mechanism II 21 and an adjusting mechanism 22; the first belt rotating mechanism 20 and the second belt rotating mechanism 21 are installed between the opposite installation plates 11 of the rack 1 and are longitudinally and sequentially arranged, a gap exists between the first belt rotating mechanism 20 and the second belt rotating mechanism 21, and the adjusting mechanism 22 is installed on the installation plates 11 on the two sides and used for adjusting the size of the gap between the first belt rotating mechanism 20 and the second belt rotating mechanism 21.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the belt rotating mechanism I20 comprises a motor I, a speed reducer I, a driving roller I, a driven roller I and a belt I; the belt rotating mechanism II 21 comprises a motor II, a speed reducer II, a driving roller II, a driven roller II and a belt II; two ends of the frame 1 are respectively a feeding end and a discharging end;

the first driving roller and the second driving roller are correspondingly arranged on the mounting plate 11 at the discharge end respectively, the first driven roller and the second driven roller are correspondingly arranged on the mounting plate 11 at the feed end respectively, the first belt and the second belt are correspondingly sleeved on the first driving roller, the first driven roller, the second driving roller and the second driven roller respectively, and the first motor and the second motor are arranged on the mounting plate 11 and are in transmission connection with the first driving roller and the second driving roller respectively through the first speed reducer and the second speed reducer.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the top end and the bottom end of the mounting plate 11 are both provided with auxiliary plates extending outwards.

In order to further optimize the above technical solution, the adjusting mechanism 22 includes a screw 220, a limiting frame 221, and a limiting pressure lever 222; spacing 221 sets up the inboard at belt one, and the bottom butt of its bottom spacing clamp plate and belt one sets up the screw hole, and many spacing depression bars 222 and level are worn to establish on spacing 221, wear out along the bar hole that mounting panel 11 corresponds, and many screws 220 rotate to be connected between the accessory plate to connect soon with the screw hole.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the belt fixing device further comprises a support plate 223, wherein the support plate 223 is arranged on the inner side of the second belt and is abutted against the top of the second belt, and two sides of the support plate 223 are fixed on the corresponding mounting plates 11 through bolts.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the automatic material screening device further comprises a screening mechanism 3, wherein the screening mechanism 3 comprises a blanking assembly 30, a screening assembly 31 and a sorting assembly 32;

the blanking assembly 30 comprises a blanking barrel 300, a blanking shaft 301, a shifting piece 302, a motor III 303 and a speed reducer III; the outer wall of the blanking shaft 301 is vertically provided with a plurality of shifting pieces 302, the shifting pieces are installed on the installation plate 11 at the discharging end and correspond to the second belt, the blanking barrel 300 is sleeved outside the blanking shaft 301, a feeding hole and a discharging hole are respectively formed in the side and the bottom corresponding to the second belt, and the motor III 303 is fixed on the installation plate 11 and is in transmission connection with the blanking shaft 301 through the speed reducer III;

screen assemblies 31 include a first screening deck 310, a second screening deck 311, a collection bin 312 and a vibratory separator 313; the side wall of the first screening plate 310 is connected with the mounting plate 11 through a tension spring, the second screening plate 311 is arranged below the first screening plate 310, screening strip holes with different sizes are arranged on the bottom plates of the first screening plate 310 and the second screening plate 311, a sorting outlet is arranged on one side of the first screening plate 310, the collecting box 312 is arranged below the second screening plate 311, and the vibration separator is arranged on one sides of the first screening plate 310 and the second screening plate 311;

the sorting assembly 32 comprises a sorting frame 320, a sorting roller 321, a smooth roller 322, a motor four 323 and a chain wheel transmission part 324; the both sides of the top of the sorting frame 320 are provided with baffle plates, a plurality of sorting rollers 321 and smooth rollers 322 are alternately arranged side by side near the top and correspond to the discharging end of the second screening plate 311, and the chain wheel transmission part is provided with a plurality of chain wheels, is respectively arranged at the end parts of the output shafts of each sorting roller 321, the smooth rollers 322 and the motor IV 323, and is sequentially wound by chains to be in transmission connection.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, a suspension shaft 325 is arranged between the baffles, a plurality of hanging plates 326 are arranged on the suspension shaft 325, and the plurality of hanging plates 326 respectively correspond to gaps between the sorting roller 321 and the smooth roller 322.

In order to further optimize the technical scheme, one end of the sorting roller 321 and one end of the smooth roller 322 are provided with a chain wheel, the other end of the sorting roller is provided with a blanking rod 3210, the gap between the blanking rods 3210 is larger than the gap between the sorting roller 321 and the smooth roller 322, and an inclined feeding plate 327 is arranged below the blanking rod.

Specifically, the principle of the invention is as follows:

the peel of the fresh oil tea fruit is subjected to tearing forces in different directions through the speed difference between the belt rotating mechanism I and the belt rotating mechanism II, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the fresh oil tea fruit are separated, the distance between the belt rotating mechanism I and the belt rotating mechanism II can be adjusted through the adjusting mechanism, more fruit types can be suitable, and the fruit is guaranteed to be subjected to enough supporting force in the differential rubbing process through the supporting plate, so that the rubbing effect is improved;

when in use, the oil tea fruits are driven by the belt rotating mechanism II to move towards the discharge end, differential speed mutual rubbing is formed between the oil tea fruits and the belt rotating mechanism I in the moving process, the fruit peels are damaged, the fruits subjected to mutual rubbing treatment enter the blanking assembly, drop to first screening board under the promotion of plectrum, the great tea-seed shell relatively, the tea-oil camellia fruit that partly takes off and do not take off is discharged along the export of first screening board, the tea-oil camellia seed drops to the further screening of second screening board with less tea-seed shell relatively, the piece drops to the collecting box, the tea-oil camellia seed gets into the sorting subassembly and selects separately, make tea-seed shell and tea-seed separation, drop along the delivery sheet, the tea-oil camellia seed separation is intact, this device is small, moreover, the steam generator is compact in structure, and is with low costs, it is more simple and convenient to operate, very big promotion the shelling of tea-oil camellia fruit, sorting efficiency, staff's intensity of labour has been reduced, degree of automation is higher, realize low breakage rate and high productivity's target.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fresh fruit differential of tea-oil camellia is to rubbing peel machine with hands which characterized in that includes: the device comprises a frame (1) and a differential speed rubbing device;

the rack (1) comprises a support frame (10) and mounting plates (11) which are arranged oppositely;

the differential speed rubbing device comprises a belt rotating mechanism I (20), a belt rotating mechanism II (21) and an adjusting mechanism (22); belt slewing mechanism one (20) with belt slewing mechanism two (21) are installed between relative mounting panel (11) of frame (1), are and vertically set gradually, belt slewing mechanism one (20) with there is the clearance between belt slewing mechanism two (21), adjustment mechanism (22) are installed in both sides on mounting panel (11), be used for adjusting belt slewing mechanism one (20) with clearance size between belt slewing mechanism two (21).

2. The differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh oil tea fruits as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first belt rotating mechanism (20) comprises a first motor, a first speed reducer, a first driving roller, a first driven roller and a first belt; the second belt rotating mechanism (21) comprises a second motor, a second speed reducer, a second driving roller, a second driven roller and a second belt; two ends of the rack (1) are respectively and correspondingly a feeding end and a discharging end;

the first driving roller and the second driving roller are respectively arranged on the discharge end in a corresponding mode on the mounting plate (11), the first driven roller and the second driven roller are respectively arranged on the feed end in a corresponding mode on the mounting plate (11), the first belt and the second belt are respectively arranged on the first driving roller and the first driven roller, the second driving roller and the second driven roller in a corresponding mode, the first motor and the second motor are arranged on the mounting plate (11), and the first speed reducer and the second speed reducer are respectively connected with the first driving roller and the second driving roller in a transmission mode.

3. The differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mounting plate (11) is provided with auxiliary plates extending outward at both top and bottom ends thereof.

4. The differential counter rubbing huller for fresh oil tea fruits according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting mechanism (22) comprises a screw (220), a limiting frame (221), and a limiting pressure lever (222); the limiting frame (221) is arranged on the inner side of the first belt, a limiting pressure plate at the bottom of the limiting pressure plate is abutted to the bottom of the first belt, threaded holes are formed in two ends of the limiting pressure rod (222), a plurality of limiting pressure rods (222) horizontally penetrate through the limiting frame (221) and penetrate out along strip-shaped holes corresponding to the mounting plate (11), and a plurality of screw rods (220) are rotatably connected between the auxiliary plates and are in screwed connection with the threaded holes.

5. The fresh oil tea fruit differential counter-rubbing huller as claimed in claim 4, further comprising a support plate (223), wherein the support plate (223) is arranged at the inner side of the second belt and is abutted against the top of the second belt, and two sides of the support plate (223) are fixed on the corresponding mounting plates (11) through bolts.

6. The differential counter rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruits according to claim 5, further comprising a screening mechanism (3), wherein the screening mechanism (3) comprises a blanking assembly (30), a screening assembly (31) and a sorting assembly (32);

the blanking assembly (30) comprises a blanking barrel (300), a blanking shaft (301), a shifting sheet (302), a motor III (303) and a speed reducer III; the outer wall of the blanking shaft (301) is vertically provided with a plurality of shifting pieces (302), the shifting pieces are installed on the installation plate (11) at the discharging end and correspond to the second belt, the blanking barrel (300) is sleeved outside the blanking shaft (301), a feeding hole and a discharging hole are respectively formed in the side and the bottom corresponding to the second belt, and the motor III (303) is fixed on the installation plate (11) and is in transmission connection with the blanking shaft (301) through the speed reducer III;

the screen assembly (31) comprises a first screening deck (310), a second screening deck (311), a collection bin (312) and a vibratory separator (313); the side wall of the first screening plate (310) is connected with the mounting plate (11) through a tension spring, the second screening plate (311) is arranged below the first screening plate (310), screening strip holes with different sizes are formed in bottom plates of the first screening plate (310) and the second screening plate (311), a sorting outlet is formed in one side of the first screening plate (310), the collecting box (312) is arranged below the second screening plate (311), and the vibration material distributor is arranged on one sides of the first screening plate (310) and the second screening plate (311);

the sorting assembly (32) comprises a sorting frame (320), a sorting roller (321), a smooth roller (322), a motor IV (323) and a chain wheel transmission part (324); the top both sides of selecting separately frame (320) set up the baffle, and it sets up a plurality of sorting roller (321) and smooth roller (322) side by side in turn near the top position, with the unloading end of second screening board (311) corresponds, sprocket drive part sets up a plurality of sprockets, and sets up respectively every sorting roller (321), smooth roller (322) and the output shaft's of motor four (323) tip to in proper order around establishing the transmission through the chain and connecting.

7. The differential counter-rubbing huller for fresh camellia oleifera fruit as claimed in claim 6, wherein a suspension shaft (325) is disposed between the baffles, a plurality of hanging plates (326) are disposed on the suspension shaft (325), and the plurality of hanging plates (326) respectively correspond to the gaps between the sorting roller (321) and the smooth roller (322).

8. The differential counter rubbing huller for fresh oil tea fruits as claimed in claim 3, wherein one end of the sorting roller (321) and the smooth roller (322) is provided with a sprocket wheel, the other end is provided with a blanking rod, the gap between the blanking rods is larger than the gap between the sorting roller (321) and the smooth roller (322), and an inclined feeding plate (327) is arranged below the blanking rod.