CN220423031U

CN220423031U - Drum-type peanut decorticator

Info

Publication number: CN220423031U
Application number: CN202321565017.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 董慧锋; 王丽娟; 王博
Original assignee: Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology
Current assignee: Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology
Priority date: 2023-06-19
Filing date: 2023-06-19
Publication date: 2024-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2033-06-19

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of peanut shelling and discloses a drum-type peanut sheller which comprises a frame and a shell, wherein the shell is fixedly arranged in the frame, a rotary through shaft is axially and rotatably arranged in the shell, the rotary through shaft extends out of the shell in an extending mode and is in transmission connection with a driving motor, a rotary screen is arranged on the rotary through shaft in the shell, the rotary screen comprises disc-shaped end frames which are axially and alternately sleeved on the rotary through shaft in a rotating mode, and a plurality of round rods are uniformly arranged between the two disc-shaped end frames along the circumference. This drum-type peanut sheller, it sets up through the articulated cooperation of hinge mechanism and adjustable articulated of shelling cylinder to cross adjustable baffle, has realized the adjustable setting of angle of adjusting the baffle, and then adjusts the distance of serrated surface and the rotary screen of baffle and realized adjusting, and then has adapted to the peanut pod of different specifications, all can carry out shelling to the peanut pod of equidimension not, has promoted the suitability of peanut sheller.

Description

Drum-type peanut decorticator

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of peanut shelling, in particular to a drum-type peanut sheller.

Background

The sheller is a core machine in peanut shelling processing series equipment and is also a key for determining peanut shelling efficiency, kernel damage and loss degree. The peanut yield in China is about 40% of the world and is first in place, but the technical level of peanut harvesting, shelling and the like is far less than the U.S. with the yield of less than 1/7 of China. The peanut husking efficiency and quality are not high, and the development of peanut and product export and food processing industry in China is restricted to a great extent. Peanut seed husking is an important link of seed preparation before peanut sowing, and the quality of the peanut seeds after husking directly influences seedling emergence, growth, yield and the like. At present, peanut seeds are shelled mostly according to the appearance characteristics of peanut pods, the principles of kneading, extruding, impacting and the like are adopted, and the interaction between a shelled component (drum type, plane type and the like) and a shelled screen (punching screen, grid screen and the like) is utilized to crack and crush the peanut pods to complete shelled, so that the problems of low shelled rate, high damaged peanut kernels, poor adaptability to peanut varieties and the like exist in the peanut sheller to a certain extent. Aiming at the problems, the utility model designs a shelling mechanism which is uniformly fed and can rotate a gravure screen and has an anti-blocking function, so as to realize efficient and low-damage shelling of peanuts.

Peanut husking needs to pay attention to peanut husking effect and quality of shelled peanuts at the same time of improving efficiency. The existing peanut sheller adopts a concentrated crushing method, the peanut is randomly extruded in a roller to realize shelling, and the production efficiency is generally improved by adopting a method of improving the rotating speed, so that the quality of shelled peanut is reduced due to excessive extrusion after shelling; in particular, the peanut seeds are peeled in high quality, the existing peanut seeds are peeled manually, and the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity and the like exist, so that a peanut peeling machine with uniform feeding, high peeling efficiency and small peanut damage is urgently needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects and problems of the existing peanut sheller, the utility model provides the roller type peanut sheller which is unique in structure, convenient to use, capable of quickly shelling peanuts and capable of better reducing the breakage rate of the peanut kernels, so that the problems of low shelling efficiency and large damage to the peanut kernels of the existing peanut sheller in use are effectively solved.

The utility model solves the technical problems by adopting the scheme that: the drum-type peanut sheller comprises a frame and a shell, wherein the shell is fixedly arranged in the frame, a rotary through shaft is axially and rotatably arranged in the shell, the rotary through shaft extends outwards from the shell and is in transmission connection with a driving motor, a rotary screen is arranged on the rotary through shaft in the shell and comprises disc-shaped end frames axially and alternately sleeved on the rotary through shaft, a plurality of round rods are uniformly arranged between the two disc-shaped end frames along the circumference, and two ends of each round rod are fixedly connected with the edges of the adjacent disc-shaped end frames respectively; the inner wall of the shell on the right side of the rotary screen is coaxially fixed with a ring plate, the left end of the ring plate is abutted against the end face of the rotary screen to form a material receiving cavity communicated with the rotary screen, a material conveying scraper is rotatably sleeved on a rotary through shaft in the material receiving cavity, one side of the material conveying scraper is provided with a cylindrical opening, a plurality of rotary blades are fixedly arranged in the material conveying scraper, a shell above the material conveying scraper is provided with a feed inlet communicated with the material receiving cavity, and a feed hopper is arranged in a matched manner, a shelling roller is fixedly arranged on a rotary through shaft in the rotary screen, the shelling roller is of a cavity structure, a plurality of material outlets are arranged on the shelling roller at intervals along the outer circumference, an adjustable baffle is hinged on the outer surface of the shelling roller at one side of the material outlets, the surface that adjusting baffle was is the cockscomb structure to the better peanut to the difference is broken, the casing bottom is provided with the discharge gate, and the discharge gate below is provided with the cleaning discharge mechanism, and the peanut after the shell separation passes through the cleaning discharge mechanism and discharges.

Preferably, the whole fixed mounting of cleaning discharging mechanism is in the frame, and cleaning discharging mechanism includes cleaning fan, cleaning sieve, vibration exciter and goes out the hopper, the hopper slope sets up, and cleaning fan is located out the hopper top, and the air outlet of cleaning fan is towards the ascending one end of hopper slope, the cleaning sieve separates into upper and lower two-layer with the hopper, is provided with the trash removal bucket on the lateral wall of hopper lower floor.

Preferably, two hinge mechanisms are arranged between the adjusting baffle and the shelling roller, each hinge mechanism comprises two hinge bolts and a hinge sliding groove, each hinge sliding groove is formed in the outer side face of the corresponding adjusting baffle, each hinge sliding groove is arc-shaped, the other hinge bolt is arranged at the circle center of each hinge sliding groove, the adjusting baffle is fixedly arranged on the shelling roller through the hinge bolts, and after the hinge bolts are loosened, the outer side faces of the adjusting baffle can be adjusted to be at corresponding angles.

Preferably, the upper part in the shell is rotatably provided with a blockage removing roller, the blockage removing roller is positioned above the rotary screen, and the blockage removing roller consists of a plurality of round rods and is meshed with the rotary screen and is used for removing peanut pods clamped in a gap of the rotary screen.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: firstly, when using, through adjustable baffle through articulated mechanism and adjustable articulated cooperation setting of shelling cylinder, the angularly adjustable setting of adjusting the baffle has been realized, after the different angles of adjusting the baffle adjustment, the serrated surface of adjusting the baffle has realized adjusting with the distance of rotary screen, and then the peanut pod of having adapted to different specifications, the peanut pod of equidimension size all can carry out shelling processing, the suitability of peanut sheller has been promoted, simultaneously, the setting of material transport scraper blade can be with the even transport of peanut that gets into the material receiving chamber from the feeder hopper in the shelling cylinder, the feed is more even at the sheller during operation, distance between two adjacent round bars on the rotary screen is greater than the size of peanut kernel and is less than the size of shelled peanut, thereby make the peanut kernel reduce the damage rate at the shelling in-process, the damage of peanut kernel has been reduced.

During the use, through the meshing of clear stifled cylinder and rotary screen, the round bar on the clear stifled cylinder is in between two adjacent round bars on the rotary screen, and the round bar card on the clear stifled cylinder is pushing out the peanut pod of card at the rotary screen, prevents that the peanut pod from causing the jam to the rotary screen, has improved this equipment moving stability, has promoted this equipment holistic work efficiency.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute an undue limitation to the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crushing shell according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the cleaning discharging mechanism of the utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing according to the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the shelling drum of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of an adjustable baffle connection structure according to the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a housing; 21. rotating the through shaft; 22. a driving motor; 3. a rotary screen; 31. a disc-shaped end frame; 32. a round bar; 33. a ring plate; 4. a material conveying scraper; 41. a swirl vane; 42. a block-removing roller; 5. a cleaning and discharging mechanism; 51. cleaning a fan; 52. cleaning and screening; 53. a vibration exciter; 54. discharging a hopper; 55. a trash discharging hopper; 6. a shelling roller; 61. a material outlet; 62. an adjustable baffle; 63. a hinge mechanism; 631. a hinge bolt; 632. a hinged chute; 7. a discharge port; 8. and (5) a feeding hopper.

Detailed Description

For the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present application and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present disclosure.

The following describes in detail the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, a drum-type peanut sheller; the rotary screen comprises a frame 1 and a shell 2, wherein the shell 2 is fixedly arranged in the frame 1, a rotary through shaft 21 is axially and rotatably arranged in the shell 2, the rotary through shaft 21 outwards extends out of the shell 2 and is in transmission connection with a driving motor 22, a rotary screen 3 is arranged on the rotary through shaft 21 in the shell 2, the rotary screen 3 comprises disc-shaped end frames 31 which are axially and alternately rotatably sleeved on the rotary through shaft 21, a plurality of round rods 32 are uniformly arranged between the two disc-shaped end frames 31 along the circumference, and two ends of each round rod 32 are fixedly connected with the edges of the adjacent disc-shaped end frames 31 respectively; the inner wall of the shell 2 on the right side of the rotary screen 3 is coaxially fixed with a ring plate 33, the left end of the ring plate 33 is abutted against the end surface of the rotary screen 3 to form a material receiving cavity communicated with the rotary screen 3, a material conveying scraping plate 4 is rotatably sleeved on a rotary through shaft 21 in the material receiving cavity, one side of the material conveying scraping plate 4 is in a cylindrical shape, a plurality of rotary blades 41 are fixedly arranged in the material conveying scraping plate, a feed inlet communicated with the material receiving cavity is formed in the shell 2 above the material conveying scraping plate 4, a feed hopper 8 is matched and arranged on the shell 2, a shelling roller 6 is fixedly arranged on the rotary through shaft 21 in the rotary screen 3, the shelling roller 6 is in a cavity structure, a plurality of material outlets 61 are formed in the shelling roller 6 at intervals along the outer circumference, an adjustable baffle 62 is hinged on the outer surface of the shelling roller 6 on one side of the material outlets 61, the surface of the adjustable baffle 62 is in a zigzag shape so as to facilitate crushing different peanuts, a discharge hole 7 is formed in the bottom of the shell 2, a cleaning discharge mechanism 5 is arranged below the discharge hole 7, and the peanut separated by the cleaning and the discharge mechanism 5 is discharged through the cleaning and discharge mechanism 5;

the cleaning and discharging mechanism 5 is integrally and fixedly arranged on the frame 1, the cleaning and discharging mechanism 5 comprises a cleaning fan 51, a cleaning screen 52, a vibration exciter 53 and a discharging hopper 54, the discharging hopper 54 is obliquely arranged, the cleaning fan 51 is positioned above the discharging hopper 54, an air outlet of the cleaning fan 51 faces to one end of the discharging hopper 54, which is obliquely upwards, the cleaning screen 52 divides the discharging hopper 54 into an upper layer and a lower layer, and a trash discharging hopper 55 is arranged on the side wall of the lower layer of the discharging hopper 54;

two hinge mechanisms 63 are arranged between the adjusting baffle plate 62 and the shelling roller 6, each hinge mechanism 63 comprises two hinge bolts 631 and a hinge sliding groove 632, each hinge sliding groove 632 is formed in the outer side face of the corresponding adjusting baffle plate 62, each hinge sliding groove 632 is arc-shaped, the other hinge bolt 631 is arranged at the circle center of each hinge sliding groove 632, the adjusting baffle plate 62 is fixedly arranged on the shelling roller 6 through the hinge bolt 631, and after the hinge bolt 631 is loosened, the outer side face of the adjusting baffle plate 62 can be adjusted to a corresponding angle;

when in use, the classified peanut pods enter the shelling roller 6 from the feed hopper 8 through the material conveying scraper 3; the power of the driving motor 22 is transmitted to the shelling roller 6; peanut pods enter the shelling drum 6 between the shelling drum 6 and the rotary screen 42 along an elongated material outlet 61; peanut pod shattering under the mutual squeezing action of the shelling roller 6 and the rotary screen 42; the removed matter enters the cleaning discharging mechanism 5 along the adjustable baffle 62; the peanut shell is separated from the peanut kernel under the action of the cleaning fan 51; the peanut kernels and the miscellaneous materials are further separated under the action of the vibration exciter 53 and are respectively collected from the discharging hopper 54 and the impurity discharging hopper 55, the adjustable angle of the adjusting baffle 62 is realized through the adjustable hinged coordination of the adjusting baffle 62 and the shelling roller 6, after the adjusting baffle 62 adjusts different angles, the distance between the serrated surface of the adjusting baffle 62 and the rotary screen 42 is adjusted, and then the peanut kernels of different specifications are adapted, the shelling treatment can be carried out on the peanut kernels with different sizes, the applicability of the peanut sheller is improved, meanwhile, the peanut entering the receiving cavity from the feed hopper 8 can be evenly conveyed into the shelling roller 6 through the arrangement of the material conveying scraping plate 4, the feeding is more uniform during the sheller work, the distance between two adjacent round rods 32 on the rotary screen 42 is larger than the size of the peanut kernels and smaller than the size of the shelled peanut kernels, so that the breakage rate of the peanut kernels is reduced during the shelling process, and the damage of the peanut kernels is reduced.

Example 2: referring to fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, based on embodiment 1, a blockage removing roller 42 is rotatably mounted at the upper portion of the housing 2, the blockage removing roller 42 is located above the rotary screen 42, the blockage removing roller 42 is composed of a plurality of round bars 32 and is engaged with the rotary screen 42 for removing peanut pods stuck in the gap of the rotary screen 42, and the blockage removing roller 42.

When the device is used, through the engagement of the blockage removing roller 42 and the rotary screen 42, the round rods 32 on the blockage removing roller 42 are positioned between two adjacent round rods 32 on the rotary screen 42, the round rods 32 on the blockage removing roller 42 are clamped on peanut pods clamped on the rotary screen 42 to push out, so that the peanut pods are prevented from blocking the rotary screen 42, the running stability of the device is improved, and the integral working efficiency of the device is improved.

The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. which are within the spirit and principles of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The drum-type peanut sheller comprises a frame (1) and a shell (2), and is characterized in that the shell (2) is fixedly arranged in the frame (1), a rotary through shaft (21) is rotatably arranged in the shell (2) along the axial direction, the rotary through shaft (21) extends out of the shell (2) and is connected with a driving motor (22) in a transmission manner, a rotary screen (3) is arranged on the rotary through shaft (21) in the shell (2), the rotary screen (3) comprises disc-shaped end frames (31) which are rotatably sleeved on the rotary through shaft (21) along the axial direction at intervals, a plurality of round rods (32) are uniformly arranged between the two disc-shaped end frames (31) along the circumference, and two ends of each round rod (32) are fixedly connected with the edges of the adjacent disc-shaped end frames (31); the utility model discloses a peanut shelling machine, including rotary screen (3), shell (2), rotary screen (3), shell (4), shell (2) on the right side, annular plate (33) left end and rotary screen (3) terminal surface are contradicted together, constitute a connect the material chamber with rotary screen (3) intercommunication, rotate on material intracavity rotate on through-axle (21) and cover and be equipped with material conveying scraper blade (4), material conveying scraper blade (4) one side opening is cylindric, its inside fixed mounting has a plurality of rotary blades (41), the feed inlet with connect the material chamber intercommunication is offered in shell (2) of material conveying scraper blade (4) top to the feeder hopper (8) are installed in the matching, fixed mounting has shelling cylinder (6) on rotary through-axle (21) in rotary screen (3), shelling cylinder (6) are cavity structure, and shelling cylinder (6) are equipped with a plurality of material export (61) along the outer circumference interval, the surface that material export (6) one side articulates has adjustable baffle (62), the surface that adjustable baffle (62) is for the form, so that the better carries out different to shell (7), shell (7) bottom (7) are provided with peanut shell (5) and peanut shell (5) are separated from each other, peanut shell (5) has a peanut shell separating mechanism.

2. The drum-type peanut sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that the cleaning discharging mechanism (5) is integrally and fixedly installed on the frame (1), the cleaning discharging mechanism (5) comprises a cleaning fan (51), a cleaning screen (52), a vibration exciter (53) and a discharging hopper (54), the discharging hopper (54) is obliquely arranged, the cleaning fan (51) is located above the discharging hopper (54), an air outlet of the cleaning fan (51) faces to one inclined upward end of the discharging hopper (54), the cleaning screen (52) divides the discharging hopper (54) into an upper layer and a lower layer, and a trash discharging hopper (55) is arranged on the side wall of the lower layer of the discharging hopper (54).

3. Drum-type peanut sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjusting baffle (62) is provided with two hinge mechanisms (63) in the middle of the shelling drum (6), the hinge mechanisms (63) comprise two hinge bolts (631) and a hinge chute (632), the hinge chute (632) is arranged on the outer side surface of the adjusting baffle (62), the hinge chute (632) is arc-shaped, the other hinge bolt (631) is arranged on the center of the hinge chute (632), the adjusting baffle (62) is fixedly mounted on the shelling drum (6) through the hinge bolts (631), and after the hinge bolts (631) are loosened, the outer side surface of the adjusting baffle (62) can be adjusted by corresponding angles.

4. Drum-type peanut sheller according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part in the housing (2) is rotatably mounted with a blocking-removing drum (42), the blocking-removing drum (42) being located above the rotary screen (3), the blocking-removing drum (42) being composed of a plurality of round bars and being engaged with the rotary screen (3) for removing peanut pods stuck in the gap of the rotary screen (3).