CN114409521B - 共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense提取的化合物及其应用 - Google Patents
共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense提取的化合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114409521B CN114409521B CN202210006976.4A CN202210006976A CN114409521B CN 114409521 B CN114409521 B CN 114409521B CN 202210006976 A CN202210006976 A CN 202210006976A CN 114409521 B CN114409521 B CN 114409521B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense提取的化合物及其应用,将所述的共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense接种于适宜发酵培养基中进行发酵培养的步骤,所述的发酵培养基为PDA固体培养基,得到种子块,种子块接入PDB培养基培养,得到种子液,将种子液接入PDB培养基中摇床培养。对所述发酵产物进行分离提取步骤,将发酵产物过滤得到菌丝体和发酵液,其中发酵液萃取、浓缩;菌丝体干燥、萃取、浓缩,合并萃取产物,再经过层析制备分离得到所述化合物。其中化合物3和4具备一定程度的抗血小板聚集活性,并且这2个化合物能明显提高小鼠血浆内cAMP的含量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense来源的4个新化合物及其提取方法和抗血小板聚集活性的应用,属于生物制药技术领域。
背景技术
血栓是造成心血管疾病的重要因素,而引发血栓的重要原因是血小板在异常情况下发生黏附、活化和聚集等作用,其中以血小板的聚集作用最为常见,抑制血小板聚集是抗血栓治疗的主要手段[Patrono C,Morais J,Baigent C,et al.Antiplatelet agents forthe treatment and prevention of coronary atherothrombosis.J.Am.Coll.Cardiol.,2017,70(14):1760-1776.]。目前新型抗血小板聚集靶点药物的发现和发展是一个热门领域,寻找合理有效的抑制血小板聚集作用的药物对于心血管疾病的治疗具有非常巨大的研究价值。环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)作为血小板聚集机制中信号传导重要的第二信使,在血小板聚集中具有重要的调控作用。cAMP含量升高,抑制血小板聚集,是目前所知的反映血小板活化与释放反应最特异性的标志物,被认为是血小板活化检测的“金标准”[许丹丹,徐雅娟,解生旭,等.抗血小板聚集作用机制研究进展.中华中医药学刊,2019,37(03):597-601.]。尽管以阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和替罗非班等为代表性的抗血小板聚集临床西药有悠久的使用历史[张丽娟.阿司匹林片联合硫酸氢氯吡格雷片治疗脑梗死的临床效果.临床合理用药杂志,2021,14(34):51-53.],但还是存在诸如耐药性、治愈率低、出血风险高以及强烈的胃肠道反应等副作用。因此,开发新的天然、高效、低副作用的抗血小板聚集药物成为目前心脑血管疾病防治领域的国际性关注点。本发明从一种真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense中分离得到4个新化合物(化合物1~4),通过抗血小板聚集活性测试,结果显示,化合物3和4具有一定程度的抗血小板聚集活性,为了进一步研究其作用机制,对这2个化合物进行cAMP含量测定,结果显示这2个化合物能明显提高小鼠血浆内cAMP的含量,推测其抗血小板聚集作用机制可能跟血浆中cAMP含量有关。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了提供一株共生真菌中4个新颖化合物,提供其制备方法及应用。其中化合物3和4具备一定的抗血小板聚集活性。本发明报道的制备方法操作简单,科学合理,能够得到理化性质稳定、纯度较高的该类化合物,并具备一定的开发价值。
4个新化合物的结构目前未见有文献报道,活性测定试验结果表明其中2个化合物表现出一定的抗血小板聚集活性,化合物4的抑制率为9.14±0.23%(阳性药阿司匹林的抑制率为14.73±0.52%),化合物3也表现出一定的抗血小板聚集活性。
所述的共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense来源的新化合物,其特征在于,所述4个化合物的结构如下所示:
所述的真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense来源的化合物在制备抗血小板聚集中的药物上的应用。
所述Paraconiothyrium brasiliense菌株于2016年5月25日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(武汉大学),地址:湖北省武汉市武昌珞珈山,保藏名称为:巴西类壳小圆孢MZ-1,分类命名为Paraconiothyrium brasiliense MZ-1,保藏编号:CCTCC NO:M2016279。
所述的真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense用于发酵制备所述的化合物的用途。
一种真菌发酵代谢生产化合物1-4的方法,其特征在于,包括将所述的共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense接种于适宜发酵培养基中进行发酵培养的步骤,所述的发酵培养基为PDA固体培养基,得到种子块,种子块接入PDB培养基培养,得到种子液,将种子液接入PDB培养基中摇床(30℃,120rpm)培养20天。
所述的方法还包括对所述发酵产物进行分离提取的包括,步骤如下:
将发酵产物过滤得到菌丝体和发酵液,其中发酵液萃取、浓缩;菌丝体干燥、萃取、浓缩,合并萃取产物,再经过层析制备分离得到所述化合物。分离提取步骤为:
(1)菌丝体经45℃条件下干燥后加入丙酮浸泡过夜,超声(45℃、60W)提取30min,反复提取3次得到粗提物1,发酵液采用乙酸乙酯萃取3遍后得到粗提物2;将粗提物1和粗提物2合并后得到发酵粗提物;
(2)发酵粗提物和正相硅胶(200~300目)1:1的比例,将发酵粗提物样品拌成粉末。通过正相硅胶柱(10cm×70cm),干法上样、湿法过柱,采用二氯甲烷-甲醇的混合溶剂洗脱,共得到10个片段。
将步骤(2)中的第4个片段用葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20色谱分离,洗脱溶剂为二氯甲烷-甲醇的混合液,得到10个小片段。将第2个小片段利用制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为乙腈/水体积比为30:70的混合溶剂,在保留时间为7分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物1,在保留时间为11分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物2。
将步骤(2)中的第6个片段用甲醇溶解后通过制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离得到5小个片段,将第3个小片段利用制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为甲醇/水体积比为45:55的混合溶剂,在保留时间为8分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物3。
将步骤(2)中的第9个片段用甲醇溶解后通过制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为乙腈/水体积比为43:57的混合溶剂,在保留时间为8分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物4。
本发明相对现有技术,具有如下优点及效果:
本发明提供共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense来源的4个新化合物1~4,其中化合物3和4具备一定程度的抗血小板聚集活性,并且这2个化合物能明显提高小鼠血浆内cAMP的含量,推测其抗血小板聚集作用机制可能跟血浆中cAMP的含量有关。具备开发为治疗心血管疾病药物的应用潜力。
附图说明
图1为化合物1的结构(左)、HMBC和1H-1H COSY相关图(中)和X-Ray结构(右)。
图2为化合物2的结构(左)、HMBC和1H-1H COSY相关图(中)和NOESY相关图(右)。
图3为化合物3的结构(左)、HMBC和1H-1H COSY相关图(中)和X-Ray结构(右)。
图4为化合物4的结构(左)和HMBC相关图(右)。
图5为cAMP标准曲线。
图6为实施例1得到的化合物1的1H-NMR图。
图7为实施例1得到的化合物1的13C-NMR图。
图8为实施例1得到的化合物1的HR-ESI-MS图。
图9为实施例1得到的化合物2的1H-NMR图。
图10为实施例1得到的化合物2的13C-NMR图。
图11为实施例1得到的化合物2的HR-ESI-MS图。
图12为实施例1得到的化合物3的1H-NMR图。
图13为实施例1得到的化合物3的13C-NMR图。
图14为实施例1得到的化合物3的HR-ESI-MS图。
图15为实施例1得到的化合物4的1H-NMR图。
图16为实施例1得到的化合物4的13C-NMR图。
图17为实施例1得到的化合物4的HR-ESI-MS图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定,除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
除非特别说明,本发明所用试剂和材料均为市购。
实施例1
一类共生真菌来源的4个新化合物的制备方法,所述4个新化合物是从神农架地区的中华剑角蝗肠道中分离得到的巴西类壳小圆孢Paraconiothyrium brasiliense菌株的发酵液中分离得到的。
所述Paraconiothyrium brasiliense菌株于2016年5月25日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心(武汉大学),地址:湖北省武汉市武昌珞珈山,保藏名称为:巴西类壳小圆孢MZ-1,分类命名为Paraconiothyrium brasiliense MZ-1,保藏编号:CCTCC M2016279。
所述4个化合物的具体制备方法如下:
将冻藏的该株共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense接入PDA固体培养基中复苏,培养3天后得到种子菌块,挑选0.5cm×0.5cm大小的种子菌块分别接入3瓶(500ml锥形瓶,每瓶中培养基装样量150ml)PDB发酵培养基中培养3天得到种子液;吸取2ml种子液到500ml锥形瓶中(每瓶PDB培养基装样量150ml),共接种200瓶。在30℃,120rpm条件下摇床培养20天后得到发酵产物;
菌丝体经45℃条件下干燥后加入丙酮浸泡过夜,超声(45℃、60W)提取30min,反复提取3次得到粗提物1,发酵液采用乙酸乙酯萃取3遍后得到粗提物2;将粗提物1和粗提物2合并后得到发酵粗提物;
发酵粗提物和正相硅胶(200~300目)1:1的比例,将发酵粗提物样品拌成粉末。通过正相硅胶柱(10cm×70cm),干法上样、湿法过柱,采用二氯甲烷-甲醇的混合溶剂洗脱,共得到10个片段。
将第4个片段用葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20色谱分离,洗脱溶剂为二氯甲烷-甲醇的混合液,得到10个小片段,将第2个小片段利用制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为乙腈/水体积比为30:70的混合溶剂,在保留时间为7分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物1,在保留时间为11分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物2。
将第6个片段用甲醇溶解后通过制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离得到5小个片段,将第3个小片段利用制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为甲醇/水体积比为45:55的混合溶剂,在保留时间为8分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物3。
将第9个片段用甲醇溶解后通过制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为乙腈/水体积比为43:57的混合溶剂,在保留时间为8分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物4。
实施例2
化合物1:结晶状(乙酸乙酯)。由高分辨质谱HR-ESI-MS m/z:251.1646[M+H]+(C15H23O3,calcd.251.1647),确定其分子式为C15H22O3,不饱和度为5。化合物1的1H-NMR谱(表1)显示2个烯烃质子信号δH5.89(1H,d,J=9.8Hz,H-2)、7.08(1H,d,J=9.8Hz,H-3),4个亚甲基质子信号δH1.98(1H,t,J=12.9Hz,H-6a)、2.74(1H,d,J=12.9Hz,H-6b)、1.51(1H,m,H-8a)、1.59(1H,m,H-8b)、1.17(1H,dd,J=12.2,3.7,Hz H-9a)、1.89(1H,t,J=3.1Hz,H-9b)、3.22(1H,d,J=10.8Hz,H-12a)、3.26(1H,d,J=10.8Hz,H-12b),3个甲基质子信号δH1.02(3H,s,H-13)、1.13(3H,s,H-14)、1.90(3H,s,H-15)。化合物1的13C-NMR谱(表1)、HSQC谱和DEPT谱中,显示有15个碳信号,包括一个羰基碳信号δC206.4(C-1);四个烯烃碳信号δC122.2(C-2)、148.9(C-3)、120.7(C-4)和153.3(C-5);两个连氧碳信号δC73.4(C-11),68.2(C-12);三个甲基碳信号δC21.8(C-13)、23.4(C-14)、17.9(C-15);四个亚甲基碳信号δC27.3(C-6)、22.0(C-8)、36.5(C-9)和δC68.2(C-12);三个次甲基碳信号δC122.2(C-2)、148.9(C-3)和46.7(C-7);五个季碳信号δC206.4(C-1)、120.7(C-4)、153.3(C-5)、49.6(C-10)和73.4(C-11)。以上数据表明该化合物具有倍半萜类结构骨架。化合物1与文献(Ji L,Liu X Y,LiE W,et al.Arundinols A-C and Arundinones A and B from the Plant EndophyticFungus Microsphaeropsis arundinis.J.Nat.Prod.,2012,76(1):107-112)中报道的化合物arundinols A的13C-NMR谱数据相似。二者13C-NMR谱数据最大差别在于化合物1多了一个羰基碳信号δC206.4(C-1)和两个烯烃碳信号δC122.2(C-2)和148.9(C-3),提示化合物1的C-1位上连有一个羰基,C-2和C-3位为一个双键。HMBC(图1)给出的δH7.02(H-3),1.13(H-14)和δC206.4(C-1)之间有相关,证实了C-1位上羰基的存在;δH1.90(H-15)和δC148.9(C-3)之间有相关,证实了C-2和C-3位上双键的存在。化合物1的平面结构主要是通过HMBC和1H-1HCOSY关系确定:HMBC谱中,H-14和C-1、C-10、C-5、C-9之间,H-3和C-1之间,H-15和C-3、C-4、C-5之间,H-7和C-5、C-9之间,H-6和C-8之间,H-13和C-7、C-11、C-12之间有相关;1H-1HCOSY谱中,H-2/H-3,H-6/H-7/H-8/H-9有相关(化合物1的HMBC谱和1H-1H COSY谱见图1)。
根据X-Ray单晶测定(Cu靶)结果,Flack和Hooft常数分别为0.01(16)和0.03(15),确定C-7、C-10、C-11的构型均为S。综上所述,化合物1的结构如图1所示。
化合物2:淡黄色粉末。由高分辨质谱HR-ESI-MS m/z:251.1647[M+H]+(C15H23O3,calcd.251.1647),确定其分子式为C15H22O3,不饱和度为5。将化合物2与已知化合物1的1H-NMR和13C-NMR谱相比较(表1),13C-NMR谱数据基本一致,而1H-NMR有细微差异,推测化合物2与化合物1存在构型差异,而NOESY图谱中发现H-14a和H-9b,H-9a和H-7,H-7和H-13分别有相关,说明H-7和H-13在同侧,结合化合物1,确定C-11的构型与化合物1有差异,构型为R。综合分析化合物2的1H-1H COSY,HSQC和HMBC相关信号,表明化合物的其他部分的结构与化合物1完全相同。综上所述,化合物2的结构如图2所示。
表1.化合物1和2的核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和碳谱数据(13C-NMR)(溶剂为DMSO-d6)
化合物3:结晶状(石油醚)。由高分辨质谱HR-ESI-MS m/z:209.0816[M+H]+(C11H13O4,calcd.209.0814),确定其分子式为C11H12O4,不饱和度为6。化合物3的1H-NMR谱(表2)显示2个甲基质子信号δH3.80(3H,s,H-9)(连氧质子信号)和1.42(3H,d,J=6.3Hz,H-10),2个烯烃质子信号δH6.77(1H,d,J=8.1Hz,H-5)和7.23(1H,d,J=8.1Hz,H-6)。化合物3的13C-NMR谱(表2)、HSQC谱和DEPT谱中,显示有11个碳信号,包括1个羰基碳信号δC170.3(C-1);2个连氧碳信号δC77.2(C-3)和56.5(C-9);2个甲基碳信号δC56.5(C-9)和20.7(C-10);1个亚甲基碳信号δC33.5(C-4);6个芳香碳信号δC131.1(C-4a)、117.7(C-5)、118.8(C-6)、147.1(C-7)、151.9(C-8)和108.6(C-8a)。化合物3与文献(Jules D D,Polli S,LarignonP,et al.Identification of phytotoxins from Botryosphaeria obtusa,a pathogenof black dead arm disease of grapevine.Eur.J.Plant Pathol.,2009,124(2):303-308)中报道的化合物(R)-7-hydroxymellein的13C-NMR谱数据相似。二者13C-NMR谱数据最大差别在于化合物3多了1个甲氧基碳信号δC56.5(C-9),提示C-7位为1个甲氧基取代。HMBC(图3)显示δH3.80(H-9),6.77(H-6)分别和δC118.8(C-7)有相关,证实了C-7位上甲氧基的存在。化合物3的平面结构主要是通过HMBC和1H-1H COSY关系确定:HMBC谱中,H-9和C-7之间,H-6和C-7、C-8之间,H-5和C-6、C-4a之间,H-4和C-4a、C-8a之间,H-10和C-3、C-4之间有相关;1H-1H COSY谱中,H-4和H-3、H-10之间有相关性(化合物3的HMBC谱和1H-1H COSY谱见图3)。
根据X-Ray单晶(Mo靶)测定结果,结合旋光数据[α]25 D-10.6°(c 0.10,CHCl3)与文献比较,确定C-3的构型为R。综上所述,化合物3的结构确定如图3所示。
表2.化合物3的核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和碳谱数据(13C-NMR)(溶剂为DMSO-d6)
化合物4:淡黄色油状。由高分辨质谱HR-ESI-MS m/z:241.0950[M+Na]+(C12H14NaN2O2,calcd.241.0953),确定其分子式为C12H14N2O2,不饱和度为7。化合物4的1H-NMR谱(表3)显示5个烯烃质子信号和1个甲氧基质子信号;2个亚甲基质子信号。化合物4的13C-NMR谱(表3)、HSQC谱和DEPT谱中,显示有12个碳信号,包括1个羰基碳信号δC173.0(C-2');8个烯烃碳信号;2个连氧碳信号δC55.8(C-4')和76.8(C-3')。化合物4与文献(Liu YH,Jun J H,Zhang S.Indole alkaloids from a sponge Sarcotragusspecies.Biochem.Syst.Ecol.,2006,34(5):453-456)中报道的化合物indole-3-methylethanoate的13C-NMR谱数据相似,表明化合物4是一个吲哚类化合物,其差别在于化合物4多了一个连氧的亚甲基碳信号δC76.8(C-3')。HMBC(图4)显示δH7.58(H-4')和δC76.8(C-3')之间有相关,5.48(H-3')和119.6(C-4')之间有相关,证实了C-3'和C-4'通过氧相连。化合物4的平面结构主要是通过HMBC和1H-1H COSY关系确定:HMBC谱中,H-1'和C-2、C-3、C-2'之间,H-4和C-3、C-3a之间,H-5和C-4之间,H-6和C-7a之间,H-3'和C-2、C-7a之间,H-3'和C-4'之间,H-4'和C-3'之间有相关。(化合物4的HMBC谱见图4)。
综合分析化合物4的1H-1H COSY,HSQC和HMBC相关信号,确定化合物4的结构如图4所示。
表3.化合物4的核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)和碳谱数据(13C-NMR)(溶剂为DMSO-d6)
实施例3
根据实施例1得到的4个化合物的抗血小板聚集活性
为了评价化合物的抗血小板聚集活性,采用直接抗血小板聚集抑制剂显色测定法筛选部分化合物并比较。直接抗血小板聚集抑制剂显色测定法:以阿司匹林为阳性药,阳性药及化合物以5%DMSO生理盐水溶液溶解,选择合适浓度(1mmol/L)样品进行测定,实验设置实验组和空白组,将新鲜血浆与柠檬酸钠(9:1,V/V)混合,在1500g下离心10分钟,获得上清液,在37℃恒温箱预热,取化合物50μL和450μL血浆上清液混匀,在37℃下反应5分钟后加入20μL ADP(10μmol/L),在405波长下测定OD值。平行操作三次,以平均值作为最后结果。抑制率的计算公式为:抑制率=[1-(OD实验组/OD空白组)]100%,采用GraphPad Prism8.0软件比较各化合物抑制率。
采用大鼠环磷酸腺苷酶联免疫分析试剂盒(上海酶联生物)的双抗体夹心法测定样品中大鼠环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)水平:实验设置标准品孔用于标曲测定。以依那普利为阳性药,实验设置空白对照,阳性药、化合物3、4以质量浓度5%DMSO生理盐水溶液溶解,选择1mmol/L样品浓度进行测定,将新鲜血浆与柠檬酸钠(9:1,V/V)混合,在1500g下离心10分钟,获得上清液,在37℃恒温箱预热,取化合物50μL和450μL血浆上清液混匀,在37℃下反应5分钟后加入20μL ADP(10μmol/L),之后步骤严格按试剂盒说明进行操作。选取cAMP标准品浓度分别为12、6、3、1.5、0.75、0nmol/L,绘制cAMP标准曲线(图5)。
表4.4个化合物的抗血小板聚集抑制率(%)
注:与空白对照组相比,**P<0.01。
本案根据实施例1的分离的片段其实分离了较多的化合物,但在进行本案的抗血小板聚集抑制率性能测试时,基本无有效数据的效果。
表5.化合物3和4对血液中cAMP含量的增加量
Claims (3)
1.共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense提取的化合物在制备抗血小板聚集中的药物上的应用,其特征在于,所述的共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense提取的化合物结构式为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,Paraconiothyrium brasiliense菌株于2016年5月25日保藏于中国典型培养物保藏中心,武汉大学,地址:湖北省武汉市武昌珞珈山,保藏名称为:巴西类壳小圆孢MZ-1,分类命名为Paraconiothyrium brasiliense MZ-1,保藏编号:CCTCC NO:M2016279。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense提取的化合物(4)的方法包括如下步骤:
(1)将共生真菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense接种于PDA固体培养基中进行发酵得到种子块,种子块接入PDB培养基培养,得到种子液,将种子液接入PDB培养基中摇床培养20-25天得到发酵产物;
(2)将发酵产物过滤得到菌丝体和发酵液,菌丝体干燥后加入丙酮浸泡过夜,超声提取得到粗提物1,发酵液采用乙酸乙酯萃取后得到粗提物2;将粗提物1和粗提物2合并后得到发酵粗提物;
(3)将发酵粗提物样品拌成粉末,通过正相硅胶柱干法上样、湿法过柱,采用二氯甲烷-甲醇的混合溶剂洗脱,共得到10个片段;
其中,二氯甲烷/甲醇混合液进行洗脱过程中,采用梯度浓度进行洗脱,所述的梯度浓度中二氯甲烷/甲醇的体积比为9:1、8:1、7:1、6:1、4:1、3:1;
(4)取步骤(3)中的第9个片段用甲醇溶解后通过制备型反相高效液相色谱仪进行分离,色谱柱采用C18反相柱,流动相为乙腈/水体积比为43:57的混合溶剂,在保留时间为8分钟处收集峰,即得到化合物4。
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