CN114403302A - Compound feed for weaning of suckling pigs and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Compound feed for weaning of suckling pigs and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
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- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K—FODDER
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- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a suckling pig weaning compound feed and a preparation method thereof. The piglet weaning compound feed disclosed by the invention uses the enzymolysis saccharification corns, and can greatly reduce piglet weaning stress response, and is mainly characterized in that the piglet diarrhea incidence rate is remarkably reduced, the excrement score is good, the piglet self-feeding amount is increased, the fur is bright, and the piglet mental state is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of pig feed, and particularly relates to a suckling pig weaning compound feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because the piglets have vigorous metabolism, great production potential and higher requirement on daily ration energy, fat is usually added into the daily ration of the piglets abroad to meet the requirement of the piglets on the energy. Corn is the main energy source in livestock and poultry feed, and is a gramineae grain crop with the highest yield and great yield increasing potential in the world, the energy in the daily ration is mostly from carbohydrate, and the corn contains 72% of starch, so the key point of improving the grains through processing is to maximize the utilization rate of the starch, and slight change in digestibility can obviously influence energy generation. Researches of scholars show that intestinal villus atrophy after weaning of piglets is related to insufficient energy and protein intake of piglets and can be regulated by daily ration fed. Corn is one of the most common piglet feed energy raw materials, and how to improve the digestion and utilization rate of the corn is one of the hot spots of research.
In addition, the physiological function of the piglets can not be completely adapted to the change of food and environment during early weaning, and early weaning syndrome is easy to generate and is manifested as early weaning syndrome such as diarrhea, low feed intake, dyspepsia, rough fur, slow growth, low immunity, poor disease resistance and the like. Therefore, as a feed enterprise, how to reduce weaning stress of the suckling pigs to the maximum extent, improve immunity of the suckling pigs and enhance antiviral ability of the suckling pigs through the aspect of feed becomes a core and a key point for developing weaning suckling pig feed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a suckling pig weaning compound feed which can greatly reduce the weaning stress reaction of piglets, reduce the incidence rate of diarrhea of the piglets, improve the self-help feed intake of the piglets, ensure the physiological health of the weaned piglets and ensure good mental state.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the weaned compound feed for the suckling pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
62-65% of enzymolysis and saccharification corn, 6-10% of rice bran meal, 6-10% of fermented soybean meal, 3-7% of wheat bran, 3-4% of soybean meal, 2-4% of milk substitute powder, 1-3% of self-use core material, 1-2% of enzymolysis feather meal, 1-2% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2% of fish meal, 0.2-1% of potassium diformate, 0.2-0.8% of benzoic acid, 0.2-0.8% of soybean oil, 0.2-0.6% of fumaric acid, 0.2-0.4% of salt and 0.1-0.2% of choline chloride. Wherein the milk replacer is vegetable protein powder compounded by wheat protein, soybean protein, potato protein and pea protein.
The piglet weaning compound feed disclosed by the invention uses the enzymolysis saccharification corns, and can greatly reduce piglet weaning stress response, and is mainly characterized in that the piglet diarrhea incidence rate is remarkably reduced, the excrement score is good, the piglet self-feeding amount is increased, the fur is bright, and the piglet mental state is good.
Further, the raw materials in the formula of the weaned compound feed for the suckling pigs comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
63.07% of enzymatic saccharification corn, 8.57% of rice bran meal, 7.99% of fermented soybean meal, 5.00% of wheat bran, 3.71% of soybean meal, 3.00% of milk substitute powder, 2.51% of self-use core material, 1.51% of enzymatic feather meal, 1.20% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00% of fish meal, 0.60% of potassium diformate, 0.51% of benzoic acid, 0.51% of soybean oil, 0.40% of fumaric acid, 0.31% of salt and 0.11% of choline chloride.
Furthermore, the self-use core material is a mixture of compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the compound vitamin, the compound trace element and the L-lysine hydrochloride is (0.9-1.2): (3.9-4.1): (7.9-8.1).
In the invention, the compound vitamin is compound vitamin premix or compound vitamin commonly used in the field, and the compound vitamin premix comprises vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide; in every 1 kg of the vitamin complex premix, the vitamin A acetate at least contains 2g, the vitamin D3 contains 50-90 ten thousand IU, the vitamin K3 at least contains 2g, the vitamin E at least contains 3 g, the vitamin B1 at least contains 1.5 g, the vitamin B2 at least contains 1 g, the vitamin B6 at least contains 2.4 g, the nicotinamide at least contains 2g, and the biotin at least contains 0.025 g. The vitamin complex premix can also be a commercially available vitamin complex premix. The vitamin complex can also be a compound vitamin for piglets in CN102048030A, and can be a compound vitamin consisting of vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folic acid, biotin, calcium pantothenate and nicotinic acid.
The compound microelement is compound microelement premix or compound microelement commonly used in the field, the compound microelement premix comprises organic chelated mineral salt of microelements such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine, cobalt, magnesium, selenium and the like, wherein in every 1 kg of the compound microelement premix, 10-20 g of iron, 1-3.5 g of copper, at least 0.6 g of manganese, 4-7 g of zinc, at least 0.04 g of iodine, at least 0.125 g of cobalt, at least 7.5 g of magnesium and 0.1-0.3 g of selenium are contained. The compound microelements can be compound microelements composed of copper chloride hydroxide, ferrous sulfate, glycine iron complex (chelate), amino acid zinc complex, zinc oxide, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate, and cobalt chloride.
Further, the enzymatic saccharification corn is prepared by the following steps:
crushing corn raw materials into corn flour, stirring the corn flour and water into corn slurry, soaking for 10-12h at 40-60 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6.0-6.5, adding saccharifying enzyme to saccharify and decompose the corn slurry for 24-36h, inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria to flora, carrying out enlarged culture for 24-36h to form a fermentation material, and drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
Further, the corn flour is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, and the corn flour and water are mixed according to the proportion of 1:4 (g: ml); the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 250U/g; the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis are according to 1 x 108CFU/g, yeast and lactobacillus in an amount of 5 × 108CFU/g was used for inoculation of colonies.
After the corn raw material is subjected to enzymolysis and saccharification treatment, the corn starch which cannot be sufficiently digested and absorbed by the piglets is decomposed into substances such as micromolecular glucose and the like which are easy to digest and absorb, so that the utilization rate of the feed is improved, and the energy and nutrition requirements required by the growth and metabolism of the piglets are met; in addition, in the process of corn enzymatic saccharification, various probiotics including lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes are used, after the piglets eat the feed, the probiotics enter the alimentary canal along with the feed, and then the intestinal micro-ecological environment of the piglets is adjusted and intestinal villus is promoted to grow through the synergistic effect of the various probiotics, so that the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets are enhanced, the diarrhea of the piglets is prevented, the production performance is improved, the feed return is improved, and the quality of livestock and poultry products is improved.
Compared with the corn raw material, the enzymolysis and saccharification corn has the advantages that the protein content is increased, the corn starch is decomposed into reducing sugar which is easy to digest and absorb, the crude fat content is increased, various amino acids are balanced, and the enzymolysis and saccharification corn contains a large amount of beneficial bacteria, so that the intestinal microecological balance of piglets can be adjusted, and the immunity of the piglets is enhanced; has unique flavor after fermentation, thereby inducing the piglets to eat, increasing the feed intake and promoting the healthy growth of the piglets.
Lactic acid bacteria: can regulate normal flora in gastrointestinal tract, maintain microecological balance, increase food digestibility and biological value, and inhibit growth and reproduction of putrefying bacteria and generation of putrefying product in intestinal tract.
Bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis: the free oxygen in the intestinal tract is rapidly consumed, the intestinal tract hypoxia is caused, the growth of beneficial anaerobic bacteria is promoted, and the growth of other pathogenic bacteria is indirectly inhibited; the compound enzyme can self-synthesize enzymes such as alpha-amylase, protease, lipase, cellulase and the like, can play a role together with digestive enzymes in an animal body in the digestive tract, can synthesize a plurality of B vitamins such as vitamin B1, B2, B6, nicotinic acid and the like, and improves the activity of interferon and macrophage in the animal.
Yeast: can provide sufficient nutrients for the organism, improve the immune system of the human body and quickly increase the resistance; can improve constipation symptom.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the weaned compound feed for the suckling pigs, which carries out enzymolysis saccharification on corn, so that corn starch which cannot be sufficiently digested and absorbed by the piglets is decomposed into micromolecular glucose and other substances which are easy to digest and absorb, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed and meeting the energy and nutrition requirements required by the growth and metabolism of the piglets. The protein content of the enzymolysis and saccharification corns is increased, the crude fat content is increased, various amino acids are balanced, and a large number of beneficial bacteria groups are contained, so that the intestinal microecological balance of piglets can be adjusted, and the immunity of the piglets is enhanced; has unique flavor after fermentation, thereby inducing the piglets to eat, increasing the feed intake and promoting the healthy growth of the piglets. The feed prepared by adding the enzymolysis saccharification corn effectively reduces the weaning stress reaction of the piglets and obviously reduces the incidence rate of diarrhea of the piglets.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that the preparation method of the suckling pig weaning compound feed comprises the following steps:
1) preparing enzymolysis saccharification corn;
2) preparing a premix: pulverizing the raw materials, sieving with 2.5mm sieve, and mixing with core material, enzymolysis feather powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fish powder, potassium diformate, benzoic acid, soybean oil, fumaric acid, salt, and choline chloride to obtain premix;
3) preparing a compound feed: uniformly mixing the premix obtained in the step 2), the enzymolysis and saccharification corns prepared in the step 1), rice bran meal, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, soybean meal and milk replacer to obtain the compound feed.
Further, the preparation of the enzymatic saccharification corn in the step 1) specifically comprises the following steps: crushing corn raw materials into corn flour, stirring the corn flour and water into corn slurry, soaking for 10-12h at 40-60 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6.0-6.5, adding saccharifying enzyme to saccharify and decompose the corn slurry for 24-36h, inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria to flora, carrying out enlarged culture for 24-36h to form a fermentation material, and drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
Further, in step 1), the corn flour is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, and the corn flour and water are mixed according to a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml) are mixed; the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 250U/g; the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis are according to 1 x 108CFU/g, yeast and lactobacillus in an amount of 5 × 108CFU/g was used for inoculation of colonies.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the piglet weaning compound feed formula provided by the invention obviously reduces piglet weaning stress reaction, obviously reduces the incidence rate of piglet diarrhea, has good excrement score, increases the piglet self-help feed intake, and has bright fur and good piglet mental state.
In the feed, the enzymolysis saccharification corn is adopted, and the enzymolysis saccharification corn converts corn raw materials into substances containing more micromolecule glucose and the like which are easy to be digested and absorbed by piglets, so that the utilization rate of the feed is improved, and the energy and nutrition requirements required by the growth and metabolism of the piglets are met; in addition, various probiotics including lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes are used in the process of preparing the enzymolysis and saccharification corns, after the piglets eat the feed, the probiotics enter the digestive tract, and then the intestinal micro-ecological environment of the piglets is adjusted by the synergistic effect of the various probiotics, so that the intestinal villus is promoted to grow, the immunity and disease resistance of the piglets are enhanced, the diarrhea of the piglets is prevented, the production performance is improved, and the feed reward and the quality of livestock and poultry products are improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
the compound feed for weaning of the suckling pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
63.07% of enzymatic saccharification corn, 8.57% of rice bran meal, 7.99% of fermented soybean meal, 5.00% of wheat bran, 3.71% of soybean meal, 3.00% of milk substitute powder, 2.51% of self-use core material, 1.51% of enzymatic feather meal, 1.20% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00% of fish meal, 0.60% of potassium diformate, 0.51% of benzoic acid, 0.51% of soybean oil, 0.40% of fumaric acid, 0.31% of salt and 0.11% of choline chloride.
Wherein the self-use core material comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride according to the mass ratio of 0.9:3.9: 7.9.
The compound vitamin is compound vitamin premix, which comprises vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide; in every 1 kg of the vitamin complex premix, the vitamin A acetate at least contains 2g, the vitamin D3 contains 50-90 ten thousand IU, the vitamin K3 at least contains 2g, the vitamin E at least contains 3 g, the vitamin B1 at least contains 1.5 g, the vitamin B2 at least contains 1 g, the vitamin B6 at least contains 2.4 g, the nicotinamide at least contains 2g, and the biotin at least contains 0.025 g.
The compound trace elements are a mixture of basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, glycine iron complex (chelate), amino acid zinc complex, zinc oxide, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and cobalt chloride.
The milk replacer is vegetable protein powder compounded by wheat protein, soybean protein, potato protein and pea protein.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing enzymolysis and saccharification corn: pulverizing corn material, sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn flour, mixing corn flour and water at a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml), stirring to obtain slurry, soaking the slurry at 50 deg.C for 10 hr, adjusting pH to 6.2, adding diastase at 250U/g, saccharifying and decomposing the corn slurry at 50 deg.C for 24 hr, and using Bacillus subtilis at 1 × 108CFU/g, Bacillus licheniformis activity of 1 × 108CFU/g, yeast 5X 108CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5X 108And (3) performing expanded culture on the CFU/g inoculated flora for 24 hours to obtain a fermentation material, and finally drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
2) Preparing a premix: respectively crushing the raw materials of enzymolysis saccharification corn, rice bran meal, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, soybean meal, milk replacer, self-use core material, enzymolysis feather powder, calcium hydrophosphate, fish meal, dicarboxylic acid, benzoic acid, soybean oil, fumaric acid, salt, choline chloride and the like, and sieving the crushed raw materials by a 2.5mm sieve sheet; then uniformly mixing the self-use core material, the enzymolysis feather meal, the calcium hydrophosphate, the fish meal, the dicarboxylic acid, the benzoic acid, the soybean oil, the fumaric acid, the salt and the choline chloride to prepare a premix;
3) uniformly mixing the premix prepared in the step 2), the enzymolysis and saccharification corns prepared in the step 1), rice bran meal, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, soybean meal and milk replacer to obtain the compound feed.
Example 2:
the compound feed for weaning of the suckling pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
62% of enzymolysis and saccharification corn, 10% of rice bran meal, 10% of fermented soybean meal, 7% of wheat bran, 3.9% of soybean meal, 2% of milk substitute powder, 1% of self-use core material, 1% of enzymolysis feather meal, 1% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1% of fish meal, 0.2% of potassium diformate, 0.2% of benzoic acid, 0.2% of soybean oil, 0.20% of fumaric acid, 0.2% of salt and 0.1% of choline chloride.
Wherein the self-use core material comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride according to the mass ratio of 1.0:4.0: 8.0.
The compound vitamin is compound vitamin premix, which comprises vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide; in every 1 kg of the vitamin complex premix, the vitamin A acetate at least contains 2g, the vitamin D3 contains 50-90 ten thousand IU, the vitamin K3 at least contains 2g, the vitamin E at least contains 3 g, the vitamin B1 at least contains 1.5 g, the vitamin B2 at least contains 1 g, the vitamin B6 at least contains 2.4 g, the nicotinamide at least contains 2g, and the biotin at least contains 0.025 g.
The compound microelement is compound microelement premix, comprising organic chelated mineral salt of microelements such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine, cobalt, magnesium, selenium and the like, wherein in every 1 kg of the compound microelement premix, the iron contains 10-20 g, the copper contains 1-3.5 g, the manganese contains at least 0.6 g, the zinc contains 4-7 g, the iodine contains at least 0.04 g, the cobalt contains at least 0.125 g, the magnesium contains at least 7.5 g, and the selenium contains 0.1-0.3 g.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 3:
the compound feed for weaning of the suckling pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
65% of enzymolysis and saccharification corn, 6% of rice bran meal, 6.2% of fermented soybean meal, 3% of wheat bran, 3% of soybean meal, 4% of milk replacer, 3% of self-use core material, 2% of enzymolysis feather meal, 3% of calcium hydrophosphate, 2% of fish meal, 1% of potassium diformate, 0.8% of benzoic acid, 0.8% of soybean oil, 0.60% of fumaric acid, 0.4% of salt and 0.2% of choline chloride.
Wherein the self-use core material comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride in a mass ratio of 1.2:4.1: 8.1.
The compound vitamin is compound vitamin premix, which comprises vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide; in every 1 kg of the vitamin complex premix, the vitamin A acetate at least contains 2g, the vitamin D3 contains 50-90 ten thousand IU, the vitamin K3 at least contains 2g, the vitamin E at least contains 3 g, the vitamin B1 at least contains 1.5 g, the vitamin B2 at least contains 1 g, the vitamin B6 at least contains 2.4 g, the nicotinamide at least contains 2g, and the biotin at least contains 0.025 g.
The compound microelement is compound microelement premix, comprising organic chelated mineral salt of microelements such as iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine, cobalt, magnesium, selenium and the like, wherein in every 1 kg of the compound microelement premix, the iron contains 10-20 g, the copper contains 1-3.5 g, the manganese contains at least 0.6 g, the zinc contains 4-7 g, the iodine contains at least 0.04 g, the cobalt contains at least 0.125 g, the magnesium contains at least 7.5 g, and the selenium contains 0.1-0.3 g.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Example 4:
the raw material proportion of the weaned compound feed for the porket is the same as that in the embodiment 1, the difference is that the parameters in the preparation method are different, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the step 1) is specifically as follows: preparing enzymolysis and saccharification corn: pulverizing corn material, sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn flour, mixing corn flour and water at a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml), stirring to obtain slurry, soaking the slurry at 40 deg.C for 12 hr, adjusting pH to 6.0, adding diastase at 250U/g, saccharifying and decomposing the corn slurry at 40 deg.C for 36 hr, and using Bacillus subtilis at 1 × 108CFU/g, Bacillus licheniformis activity of 1 × 108CFU/g, yeast 5X 108CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5X 108And (3) performing expanded culture on the CFU/g inoculated flora for 24 hours to obtain a fermentation material, and finally drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
Example 5:
the raw material proportion of the weaned compound feed for the porket is the same as that in the embodiment 1, the difference is that the parameters in the preparation method are different, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the step 1) is specifically as follows: preparing enzymolysis and saccharification corn: pulverizing corn material, sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn flour, mixing corn flour and water at a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml), stirring to obtain slurry, soaking the slurry at 60 deg.C for 12 hr, adjusting pH to 6.5, adding saccharifying enzyme at 250U/g, saccharifying and decomposing the corn slurry at 60 deg.C for 24 hr, and adding Bacillus subtilis at a ratio of 1 × 108CFU/g, Bacillus licheniformis activity of 1 × 108CFU/g, yeast 5X 108CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5X 108And (3) performing expanded culture on the CFU/g inoculated flora for 36 hours to obtain a fermentation material, and finally drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
Example 6:
the raw material proportion of the weaned compound feed for the porket is the same as that in the embodiment 1, the difference is that the parameters in the preparation method are different, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the step 1) is specifically as follows: preparing enzymolysis and saccharification corn: pulverizing corn material, sieving with 60 mesh sieve to obtain corn flour, mixing corn flour and water at a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml), stirring to obtain slurry, soaking the slurry at 55 deg.C for 12 hr, adjusting pH to 6.0, adding saccharifying enzyme at an amount of 250U/g, saccharifying and decomposing the corn slurry at 50 deg.C for 36 hr, and mixing with Bacillus subtilis budBacillus sp.1X 108CFU/g, Bacillus licheniformis activity of 1 × 108CFU/g, yeast 5X 108CFU/g and lactic acid bacteria 5X 108And (3) performing expanded culture on the CFU/g inoculated flora for 36 hours to obtain a fermentation material, and finally drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
Comparative example 1:
the compound feed for weaning of the suckling pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
63.07% of corn, 8.57% of rice bran meal, 7.99% of fermented soybean meal, 5.00% of wheat bran, 3.71% of soybean meal, 3.00% of milk substitute powder, 2.51% of self-use core material, 1.51% of enzymolysis feather meal, 1.20% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00% of fish meal, 0.60% of potassium diformate, 0.51% of benzoic acid, 0.51% of soybean oil, 0.40% of fumaric acid, 0.31% of salt and 0.11% of choline chloride.
Wherein the self-use core material comprises compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1.
The compound vitamin is a mixed vitamin of vitamin A acetate, vitamin D3, vitamin K3, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and nicotinamide.
The compound trace elements are a mixture of basic copper chloride, ferrous sulfate, glycine iron complex (chelate), amino acid zinc complex, zinc oxide, manganese sulfate, sodium selenite, calcium iodate and cobalt chloride.
The milk replacer is vegetable protein powder compounded by wheat protein, soybean protein, potato protein and pea protein.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a premix: respectively pulverizing semen Maydis, testa oryzae, fermented soybean meal, testa Tritici, soybean meal, milk powder substitute, self-used core material, enzymolysis feather powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fish powder, dicarboxylic acid, benzoic acid, soybean oil, fumaric acid, salt, and choline chloride, and sieving with 2.5mm sieve; then uniformly mixing the self-use core material, the enzymolysis feather meal, the calcium hydrophosphate, the fish meal, the dicarboxylic acid, the benzoic acid, the soybean oil, the fumaric acid, the salt and the choline chloride to prepare a premix;
3) uniformly mixing the premix prepared in the step 2), corn, rice bran meal, fermented soybean meal, wheat bran, soybean meal and milk replacer to obtain the compound feed.
Test example 1:
the experimental example investigates the influence of the weaned compound feed containing the enzymolysis and saccharification corn of the suckling pigs and the commercial weaned compound feed of the piglets on the production performance of the piglets.
The experimental piglets select 200 heads of Du-growing three-element non-hybrid piglets which are equivalent in day age, similar in weight, equivalent in male and female and are to be weaned in the same batch, and are randomly divided into two groups, namely an experimental group and a control group, wherein the experimental group is fed with the weaning compound feed for the piglets in the embodiment 1 of the invention, and the control group is fed with the commercial weaning compound feed for the piglets. The weight was weighed on an empty stomach in the morning at the beginning and end of the test.
The experiment adopts a nipple type water dispenser to freely drink water, the trough is an automatic trough freely designed for a pig farm, the daily work of sanitation, disinfection, epidemic prevention and the like is implemented according to the operation regulation formulated by the pig farm, and the experiment is carried out in a semi-open single-row piglet nursing house.
The measurement items include test body weight, test-end body weight, average weight gain, average daily food consumption, and the like. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of the feed of the test and control groups on the piglet production Performance
| Item | Test group | Control group |
| Number of test heads (head) | 100 | 100 |
| Initial weight of head (kg) | 10.70±0.21 | 10.63±0.3 |
| Average head weight (kg) | 13.52±0.36 | 12.82±0.45 |
| Average head weight gain (kg) | 2.82±0.33 | 2.18±0.38 |
| Consumption of material (kg) | 3.5±0.53 | 3.2±0.48 |
| Meat ratio of materials | 1.24±0.18 | 1.47±0.25 |
| Average daily gain of head (g) | 313 | 242 |
| The total diarrhea rate of the atherosclerosis% | 4.14 | 7.00 |
| Cost per jin when selling commercial pig (Yuan) | 1.86 | 2.205 |
As can be seen from the test data in the table 1, the head average feed consumption of the piglets of the test group is higher than that of the piglets of the control group, the feed-meat ratio is obviously reduced compared with that of the control group, the total diarrhea rate of the piglets of the test group is reduced by 40.86% compared with that of the control group, and the cost of each kilogram of the piglets when the commercial pigs are sold is reduced by 0.345 yuan compared with that of the control group.
Test example 2:
the experimental example investigates the influence of the weaned compound feed containing the enzymolysis and saccharification corns and the weaned compound feed containing no enzymolysis and saccharification corns in the comparative example 1 on the production performance of piglets.
The experimental piglets select 200 heads of Du-growing three-element non-hybrid piglets which are equivalent in day age and weight, are equivalent in male and female, are to be weaned in the same batch, and are randomly divided into two groups, namely an experimental group and a control group, wherein the experimental group 2 feeds the weaning compound feed for the piglets in the example 1, and the control group 2 feeds the weaning compound feed for the piglets prepared in the comparative example 1. The weight was weighed on an empty stomach in the morning at the beginning and end of the test.
The experiment adopts a nipple type water dispenser to freely drink water, the trough is an automatic trough freely designed for a pig farm, the daily work of sanitation, disinfection, epidemic prevention and the like is implemented according to the operation regulation formulated by the pig farm, and the experiment is carried out in a semi-open single-row piglet nursing house.
The measurement items include test body weight, test-end body weight, average weight gain, average daily food consumption, and the like. The test results are shown in table 2:
table 2 examples and effect of proportional feed on piglet production performance
| Item | Test group 2 | Control group 2 |
| Number of test heads (head) | 100 | 100 |
| Initial weight of head (kg) | 10.63±0.31 | 10.53±0.25 |
| Average head weight (kg) | 13.64±0.35 | 11.91±0.25 |
| Average head weight gain (kg) | 3.01±0.23 | 1.38±0.31 |
| Consumption of material (kg) | 3.5±0.53 | 2.2±0.48 |
| Meat ratio of materials | 1.16±0.18 | 1.59±0.25 |
| Average daily gain of head (g) | 334 | 153 |
| The total diarrhea rate of the atherosclerosis% | 3.24 | 9.21 |
| Cost per jin when selling commercial pig (Yuan) | 1.74 | 3.42 |
As can be seen from the test data in the table 2, the head average feed consumption of the piglets of the test group is higher than that of the piglets of the control group, the feed-meat ratio is obviously reduced compared with that of the control group, the total diarrhea rate of the piglets of the test group 2 is reduced by 64.82% compared with that of the piglets of the control group 2, and the cost of each kilogram of the piglets of the test group 2 is reduced by 1.68 yuan compared with that of the control group 2 when the commercial pigs are sold.
According to the comparative data of the two experimental examples, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the enzymolysis and saccharification corns are added, and the enzymolysis and saccharification corns convert corn raw materials into substances containing more micromolecule glucose and the like which are easy to digest and absorb by piglets, so that the utilization rate of the feed is improved, and the energy and nutrition requirements required by the growth and metabolism of the piglets are met; in addition, various probiotics including lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and saccharomycetes are used in the process of preparing the enzymolysis and saccharification corns, after the piglets eat the feed, the probiotics enter the alimentary canal, and then the intestinal micro-ecological environment of the piglets is adjusted by the synergistic effect of the various probiotics, so that the intestinal villus is promoted to grow, the immunity and the disease resistance of the piglets are enhanced, the diarrhea rate is effectively reduced, and the integral feeding cost is reduced.
While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the description is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The suckling pig weaning compound feed is characterized in that a formula of the suckling pig weaning compound feed contains enzymolysis saccharification corns.
2. The weaned compound feed for piglets as claimed in claim 1, wherein the enzymatically saccharified corn is prepared by the steps of:
crushing corn raw materials into corn flour, stirring the corn flour and water into corn slurry, soaking for 10-12h at 40-60 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6.0-6.5, adding saccharifying enzyme to saccharify and decompose the corn slurry for 24-36h, inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria to flora, carrying out enlarged culture for 24-36h to form a fermentation material, and drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
3. The weaned compound feed for piglets as claimed in claim 2, wherein the corn flour is sieved with a 60 mesh sieve, and the corn flour is mixed with water at a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml); the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 250U/g; the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis are according to 1 x 108CFU/g, yeast and lactobacillus in an amount of 5 × 108CFU/g was used for inoculation of colonies.
4. The suckling pig weaning compound feed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the raw materials in the formula of the suckling pig weaning compound feed comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
62-65% of enzymolysis and saccharification corn, 6-10% of rice bran meal, 6-10% of fermented soybean meal, 3-7% of wheat bran, 3-4% of soybean meal, 2-4% of milk substitute powder, 1-3% of self-use core material, 1-2% of enzymolysis feather meal, 1-2% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1-2% of fish meal, 0.2-1% of potassium diformate, 0.2-0.8% of benzoic acid, 0.2-0.8% of soybean oil, 0.2-0.6% of fumaric acid, 0.2-0.4% of salt and 0.1-0.2% of choline chloride.
5. The weaned compound feed for piglets according to claim 4, wherein: the formula of the weaned compound feed for the suckling pigs comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
63.07% of enzymatic saccharification corn, 8.57% of rice bran meal, 7.99% of fermented soybean meal, 5.00% of wheat bran, 3.71% of soybean meal, 3.00% of milk substitute powder, 2.51% of self-use core material, 1.51% of enzymatic feather meal, 1.20% of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.00% of fish meal, 0.60% of potassium diformate, 0.51% of benzoic acid, 0.51% of soybean oil, 0.40% of fumaric acid, 0.31% of salt and 0.11% of choline chloride.
6. The weaning compound feed for piglets according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: the self-use core material is a mixture of compound vitamins, compound trace elements and L-lysine hydrochloride.
7. The weaned compound feed for piglets according to claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the compound vitamin to the compound trace element to the L-lysine hydrochloride is (0.9-1.2): (3.9-4.1): (7.9-8.1).
8. A method for preparing a weaned compound feed for piglets according to any of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing enzymolysis saccharification corn;
2) preparing a premix: pulverizing the raw materials, sieving with 2.5mm sieve, and mixing with core material, enzymolysis feather powder, calcium hydrogen phosphate, fish powder, potassium diformate, benzoic acid, soybean oil, fumaric acid, salt, and choline chloride to obtain premix;
3) preparing a compound feed: uniformly mixing the premix obtained in the step 2) with the enzymatic saccharification corn, the rice bran meal, the fermented soybean meal, the wheat bran, the soybean meal and the milk replacer prepared in the step 1) to obtain the compound feed.
9. The method for preparing a weaned compound feed for sucking pigs according to claim 8, characterized in that: the step 1) of preparing the enzymatic saccharification corn specifically comprises the following steps: the corn is prepared by crushing corn raw materials into corn flour, then stirring the corn flour and water into slurry, soaking for 10-12h at 40-60 ℃, adjusting the pH to 6.0-6.5, then adding saccharifying enzyme to saccharify and decompose the corn flour for 24-36h, then inoculating bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycetes and lactobacillus to perform flora expanding culture for 24-36h to form a fermentation material, and drying the fermentation material to obtain the enzymatic saccharification corn.
10. The method for preparing a weaned compound feed for sucking pigs according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the step 1), the corn flour is sieved by a 60-mesh sieve, and the corn flour and water are mixed according to a ratio of 1:4 (g: ml) are mixed; the addition amount of the saccharifying enzyme is 250U/g; the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus licheniformis are according to 1 x 108CFU/g, yeast and lactobacillus in an amount of 5 × 108CFU/g was used for inoculation of colonies.
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| CN107307209A (en) * | 2017-07-30 | 2017-11-03 | 新乡市扬翔饲料有限公司 | A kind of sucking pig complete feed |
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