CN114378917A - Large-format slurry 3D printing method capable of adjusting liquid level - Google Patents

Large-format slurry 3D printing method capable of adjusting liquid level Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114378917A
CN114378917A CN202111589535.3A CN202111589535A CN114378917A CN 114378917 A CN114378917 A CN 114378917A CN 202111589535 A CN202111589535 A CN 202111589535A CN 114378917 A CN114378917 A CN 114378917A
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China
Prior art keywords
printing
slurry
workpiece
liquid level
scraper
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CN202111589535.3A
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CN114378917B (en
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杨敏
杨朝辉
母冠雪
杨磊
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Jimei University
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Jimei University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
    • B28B17/0072—Product control or inspection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/0063—Control arrangements
    • B28B17/0081—Process control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
    • B28B17/02—Conditioning the material prior to shaping
    • B28B17/026—Conditioning ceramic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a liquid level adjustable 3D printing method for large-format paste, which comprises the steps of preprocessing the printing paste; dividing a workpiece into a plurality of printing intervals, and inputting the pretreated printing slurry; arranging a substrate and a supporting piece to be respectively connected with the workpiece, scraping the printing slurry layer by layer through a first scraper, and solidifying the printing slurry layer by using laser; when the liquid level is higher than the workpiece, the second scraper dredges the redundant printing slurry to enter the discharge port. Compared with the prior art, the liquid level adjustable large-format paste 3D printing method provided by the invention can effectively avoid the phenomenon that the printing paste is higher than the workpiece, further avoid the phenomenon that the thickness of a single layer is thicker when the part of the workpiece cannot be solidified or is solidified, and improve the success rate of printing and forming the workpiece.

Description

Large-format slurry 3D printing method capable of adjusting liquid level
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a liquid level adjustable 3D printing method for large-format slurry.
Background
The 3D printing technology is also called additive manufacturing technology, and is a manufacturing method which is completely consistent with a corresponding mathematical model by directly manufacturing a three-dimensional physical solid model by adding materials in a layer-by-layer manufacturing mode based on three-dimensional CAD model data, and is completely opposite to the traditional machining method. The 3D printing technology continuously expands new technical routes and implementation methods, and the mature technology mainly comprises the following steps: photocuring (SLA) shaping, fused deposition Fabrication (FD) shaping, Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) shaping, Selective Laser Melting (SLM) shaping, and binder spray (3DP) shaping.
The 3D printing technology of materials is a key development field in China, although Chinese patent application (with the publication number of CN112743658A) discloses a ceramic 3D printing method, the printing method is that the printing materials are placed in a 3D printing working environment, printing is carried out under the conditions that the laser power is 140 mw-160 mw and the laser part entity scanning speed is 1750mm/s-1950mm/s, printing on a printing standard layer is completed according to a preset printing program, and the laser contour scanning speed is 3500 mm/s-3900 mm/s.
However, in the prior art, liquid level adjustment cannot be performed in the 3D printing process of the slurry, and due to the flowing characteristic and the forming sequence of the slurry, the slurry is higher than the workpiece in the growing process of the workpiece, so that the workpiece cannot be partially cured or the thickness of a single layer is too thick when the workpiece is partially cured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defect that the liquid level can not be adjusted in the existing 3D printing in the prior art, the invention provides a large-format slurry 3D printing method capable of adjusting the liquid level, which comprises the following steps
Pretreating the printing paste;
dividing a workpiece into a plurality of printing intervals, and inputting the pretreated printing slurry;
arranging a substrate and a supporting piece to be respectively connected with the workpiece, scraping the printing slurry layer by layer through a first scraper, and solidifying the ceramic slurry layer by using laser; when the liquid level is higher than the workpiece, the second scraper dredges the redundant printing slurry to enter the discharge port.
In one embodiment, the pre-treatment comprises stirring the slurry ceramic using a ball mill; wherein the stirring speed is 180-220r/min, and the stirring time is 6-8 h.
In one embodiment, at least 3 printing intervals are divided for the workpiece, each printing interval is provided with a plurality of interlayer layers, and the height of each interlayer layer is 0.04 mm.
In one embodiment, the printing zone inputs a corresponding amount of the printing paste and the first blade runs at a corresponding speed, depending on the different heights of the workpiece.
In one embodiment, when the corresponding printing interval satisfies a first height, the input amount of the printing paste is M, and the running speed of the first scraper is V;
when the corresponding printing interval meets a second height, the input amount of the printing paste is 0.4-0.6M, and the running speed of the first scraper is 0.4-0.5V;
and when the printing interval meets the third height, the input amount of the printing paste is 0.6-0.8M, and the running speed of the first scraper is 0.3-0.5V.
In one embodiment, the first height is 0-30% of the height of the workpiece, the second height is 30-70% of the height of the workpiece, and the third height is 70-100% of the height of the workpiece.
In one embodiment, during 3D printing of the paste, a plurality of workpieces are arranged, and the distance between every two adjacent workpieces is at least 10 mm.
In one embodiment, the second scraper channels excess printing paste into the discharge opening when the liquid level is 0.1mm above the workpiece.
In an embodiment, the second scraper is disposed on two sides of the first scraper, and the second scraper is arc-shaped.
In an embodiment, the support member is provided with a flow guiding hole, and the printing paste in the support member flows to the discharge port through the flow guiding hole under the driving of the second scraper.
Based on the above, compared with the prior art, the large-format slurry 3D printing method capable of adjusting the liquid level provided by the invention has the advantages that the workpiece is divided into a plurality of printing intervals, the corresponding printing slurry is input, the printing slurry is scraped layer by the first scraper, and the printing slurry ceramic layer is solidified layer by using laser; when the liquid level is higher than the work piece, the second scraper dredges unnecessary printing thick liquids and gets into the bin outlet, can effectively avoid printing the phenomenon that the thick liquids are higher than the work piece, and then avoids the phenomenon that the individual layer thickness is thick partially when the local solidification of work piece or solidification, has improved the fashioned success rate of work piece printing.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts; in the following description, the drawings are illustrated in a schematic view, and the drawings are not intended to limit the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a 3D printing method for level-adjustable paste according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a flow guide hole provided in the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10 support piece 11 diversion hole
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; the technical features designed in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention; it will be further understood that terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The ceramic 3D printing technology is an advanced technology which is relatively popular at present, has better technical prospect and large development space, and a plurality of domestic and foreign enterprises and research institutions are added into the research and development team of the technology. The development of ceramic materials is undoubtedly the focus of the technology. From the current situation of the ceramic 3D printing industry, the materials are divided into two systems of slurry and paste.
The molding method is classified into stereolithography (abbreviated as sla) and digital light processing (abbreviated as dlp). In the aspect of material preparation, the difference between the domestic and foreign countries is large, and the solid content, the stability and the rheological property of the material have certain problems no matter in a slurry system or a paste system. Compared with a paste system, due to the flowing characteristic and the forming sequence of the slurry, the slurry is higher than the workpiece easily in the growth process of the workpiece, so that the workpiece cannot be cured or the single-layer thickness is thicker when the workpiece is cured.
Therefore, the invention provides a liquid level adjustable large-format slurry 3D printing method, which comprises the following steps
Pretreating the printing paste;
dividing a workpiece into a plurality of printing intervals, and inputting the pretreated printing slurry;
arranging a substrate and a supporting piece to be respectively connected with the workpiece, scraping the printing slurry layer by layer through a first scraper, and solidifying the ceramic slurry layer by using laser; when the liquid level is higher than the workpiece, the second scraper dredges the redundant printing slurry to enter the discharge port.
In specific implementation, the printing slurry is pretreated, specifically, the paste ceramic is stirred by a ball mill, in this embodiment, the stirring speed may be 180-.
Before printing a workpiece, firstly dividing the workpiece into a plurality of printing intervals, specifically, dividing the workpiece into at least 3 printing intervals, and inputting corresponding printing slurry according to each printing interval; every printing interval can also set up a plurality of intersectional layers to avoid printing thick liquids and being higher than the work piece at work piece printing growth fashioned in-process, make the unable local solidification of work piece or individual layer thickness when solidifying thick partially, the height of every intersectional layer can be 0.04mm, scrape the thick liquids of printing layer by layer through first scraper, according to the shape of work piece, utilize laser to make the thick liquids of printing solidify layer by layer from bottom to top in proper order and accomplish the growth and the shaping of work piece.
In the actual printing and growing process of the workpiece, printing slurry with corresponding amount is input into each printing interval according to different heights of the workpiece, and the first scraper operates at a corresponding speed so as to ensure that the printing slurry is not higher than the workpiece and avoid that the thickness of a single layer is thicker when the workpiece cannot be solidified or is solidified.
Specifically, when the corresponding printing interval meets a first height, the input amount of printing paste is M, and the running speed of the first scraper is V; when the corresponding printing interval meets the second height, the input amount of the printing paste is 0.4-0.6M, and the running speed of the first scraper is 0.4-0.5V; and when the corresponding printing interval meets the third height, the input amount of the printing paste is 0.6-0.8M, and the running speed of the first scraper is 0.3-0.5V.
Wherein the first height is 0-30% of the height of the workpiece, the second height is 30-70% of the height of the workpiece, and the third height is 70-100% of the height of the workpiece.
For example, in this embodiment, the printing interval may be divided into 6 printing intervals, and the layer height of each interval is 0.04mm, for example, for 3000 layers, where the printing interval 1: 0-80 layers; printing section 2: 81-280 layers; printing section 3: 281-800 layers; printing section 4: 801-; printing section 5: 1501-2500 layers; printing section 6: 2500-.
The printing slurry in the printing interval 1 can be input to 65-75ml, and the speed of the first scraper is 20-25 mm/s; the printing slurry in the printing interval 2 can be input into the printing device at 50-55ml, and the first scraper speed is 40-45 mm/s; the printing slurry in the printing interval 3 can be input to be 60-70ml, and the speed of the first scraper is 60-65 mm/s; the printing slurry in the printing interval 4 can be input into the printing device at 55-60ml and the first scraper speed is 30-35 mm/s; the printing slurry in the printing interval 5 can be input into the printing device at 45-55ml and the first scraper speed of 20-25 mm/s; the printing paste of the printing zone 6 can be fed in at 35-40ml and the first blade speed at 10-15 mm/s.
In the 3D printing process of the sizing agent, a plurality of workpieces can be arranged to be printed simultaneously so as to improve the printing efficiency of the workpieces, enough drainage space needs to be arranged between every two workpieces, preferably, the distance between every two adjacent workpieces is at least 10mm, and the distance between every two adjacent workpieces can also be 10-12 mm; and each workpiece is parallel relative to the horizontal direction and vertical relative to the first scraper.
Leave continuous space between two liang of work pieces of the first scraper direction of perpendicular to introduce unnecessary printing thick liquids into the bin outlet, avoid forming dykes and dams, rise in order to prevent the liquid level that the printing thick liquids from appearing, corrode the solidified layer of work piece, lead to solidified layer thickness to differ, the work piece printing shaping fails.
According to the liquid level measuring tool, when the liquid level of the printing paste is 0.1mm higher than the workpiece, the second scraper dredges the redundant printing paste to enter the discharge opening, preferably, the second scraper is arranged on two sides of the first scraper, and the shape of the second scraper can be arc-shaped.
When the workpiece is printed, grown and solidified, the substrate and the support 10 are connected with the workpiece so as to be beneficial to solidification and growth of the workpiece; preferably, as shown in fig. 2, in order to enable the first scraper to smoothly dredge the excess printing slurry into the discharge outlet, a flow guiding hole 11 is arranged on the support member 10, and the printing slurry in the support member flows to the discharge outlet through the flow guiding hole under the driving of the first scraper, so as to avoid the support member from being closed to form a dam, which causes the printing slurry liquid level to rise, erodes the solidified layer of the workpiece, which causes the solidified layer to be different in thickness, and the printing and forming of the workpiece fails.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the large-format paste 3D printing method capable of adjusting liquid level provided by the invention has the advantages that a workpiece is divided into a plurality of printing intervals, corresponding printing paste is input, the printing paste is scraped layer by the first scraper, and the printing paste ceramic layer is solidified layer by laser; when the liquid level is higher than the work piece, the second scraper dredges unnecessary printing thick liquids and gets into the bin outlet, can effectively avoid printing the phenomenon that the thick liquids are higher than the work piece, and then avoids the phenomenon that the individual layer thickness is thick partially when the local solidification of work piece or solidification, has improved the fashioned success rate of work piece printing.
In addition, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, although there may be many problems with the prior art, each embodiment or aspect of the present invention may be improved only in one or several respects, without necessarily simultaneously solving all the technical problems listed in the prior art or in the background. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that nothing in a claim should be taken as a limitation on that claim.
Although terms such as support and flow guide holes are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A3D printing method of large-format slurry capable of being adjusted in liquid level is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises that
Pretreating the printing paste;
dividing a workpiece into a plurality of printing intervals, and inputting printing slurry corresponding to the preprocessed printing slurry;
arranging a substrate and a supporting piece to be respectively connected with the workpiece, scraping the printing slurry layer by layer through a first scraper, and solidifying the printing slurry layer by using laser; when the liquid level is higher than the workpiece, the second scraper dredges the redundant printing slurry to enter the discharge port.
2. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment comprises the step of stirring the slurry ceramic by using a ball mill; wherein the stirring speed is 180-220r/min, and the stirring time is 6-8 h.
3. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: dividing at least 3 printing intervals for the workpiece, wherein each printing interval is provided with a plurality of interlayer layers, and the height of each interlayer layer is 0.04 mm.
4. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: according to different heights of the workpiece, the printing interval inputs corresponding amount of printing slurry, and the first scraper operates at a corresponding speed.
5. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: when the printing interval meets a first height, the input amount of the printing paste is M, and the running speed of the first scraper is V;
when the corresponding printing interval meets a second height, the input amount of the printing paste is 0.4-0.6M, and the running speed of the first scraper is 0.4-0.5V;
and when the printing interval meets the third height, the input amount of the printing paste is 0.6-0.8M, and the running speed of the first scraper is 0.3-0.5V.
6. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: the first height is 0-30% of the height of the workpiece, the second height is 30-70% of the height of the workpiece, and the third height is 70-100% of the height of the workpiece.
7. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: in the 3D printing process of the sizing agent, when a plurality of workpieces are arranged, the distance between every two adjacent workpieces is at least 10 mm.
8. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: when the liquid level is 0.1mm higher than the workpiece, the second scraper dredges the surplus printing slurry to enter the discharge hole.
9. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: the second scraper is arranged on two sides of the first scraper, and the second scraper is arc-shaped.
10. The large format slurry 3D printing method capable of liquid level adjustment according to claim 1, wherein: the support piece is provided with a flow guide hole, and the printing slurry in the support piece flows to the discharge port through the flow guide hole under the driving of the first scraper.
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