CN102514950B - Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device - Google Patents
Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102514950B CN102514950B CN 201110363601 CN201110363601A CN102514950B CN 102514950 B CN102514950 B CN 102514950B CN 201110363601 CN201110363601 CN 201110363601 CN 201110363601 A CN201110363601 A CN 201110363601A CN 102514950 B CN102514950 B CN 102514950B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a powder spreading device for rapid forming equipment. The device mainly comprises a quantitative powder conveying device, a movable silo, a movable arm, a movable frame and the like. The quantitative powder conveying device is used for supplying powder to the movable silo. Whether the powder falls down or not is controlled through a rotating sheet. According to the section of parts, the movable silo does regular translational motion within a working plane under the drive of the movable arm and the movable frame, and a scraper on the silo can realize dynamic powder spreading. By combining the movable arm and the movable silo with the movable frame, defining the powder within the area of the parts and adjusting the magnitude and the position of spread powder according to the change of the section of the parts, not only can the amount of the used powder is greatly saved, but also the powder spreading speed is high; and the structural design of the powder spreading device is simple, the powder spreading device is convenient to disassemble and assemble, the realization is easy, the cost is lower and the powder spreading device has an important application value to the improvement of the overall technical level of a powder bed quick forming technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to advanced manufacturing field, be specifically related to the arm-type power spreading device of a kind of movement, be mainly used in the efficient shop powder of quickly shaping device.
Background technology
At present, be to make at present fast the focus of area research take powder as moulding material by the method for constituency depositing operation Quick-forming entity component.Mainly comprise: selective laser sintering (Selective Laser Sintering, SLS), selective laser melting (Selective Laser Melting, SLM), direct metal laser sintering (Direct Metal Laser Sintering, DMLS), electron-beam melting (Electron Beam Melting, EBM) etc.Its technological principle and flow process: at first, the very thin powder of uniform spreading one deck on workbench; Then, computer carries out district operation according to the cross-section data controlled working source (such as laser, electron beam etc.) of formation of parts to powder, and the powder in this layer cross section profile is bonded together behind fusing or sintering; The working face of working cylinder bed thickness that descends after one deck is finished, power spreading device repave a bed thickness on formation of parts surface powder is shaped next time; Repeat this process until 3 d part is finished.To utilize laser that the metal dust that is added with high polymer binder is carried out thermal sintering such as SLS, SLM utilizes laser beam that metal dust is melted shaping, DMLS adopts laser that binary metal is carried out thermal sintering, and EBM adopts electron beam that powder is melted Quick-forming.
In the RP technique take powder as raw material, forming process relates to the operations such as the depositing of powder, supply, lay and recovery.The advantages such as the fast shaping technology based on the powder bed has the forming accuracy height, the labyrinth that can be shaped.As the important technique basis of Quick-forming, the stability of power spreading device, reliability and continuity have significant impact to the accuracy and runtime of Quick-forming, and the speed and the mode that spread powder also have a significant impact the utilization rate of forming efficiency and moulding material.Therefore, power spreading device is the key component of quickly shaping device.Power spreading device is divided into stationary cylinder powder feeding, powder-laying roller formula, mobile hopper-type, moves horizontally the mode such as scraper-type according to spreading the powder mode.Being applied at present sending in the quickly shaping device, to spread powder mechanism generally all be that several power spreading devices and the existing storage powder device combination collocation of above introduction gets up.
There is following outstanding problem in prior art:
(1) utilize existing shop powder mode and device to spread powder, powder using efficiency is low, need the powder amount large, and it is long to spread the powder time, and it is low to spread powder efficient.
Although the software and hardware implementation of the shop powder system that makes up in the above described manner is fairly simple, has serious waste of material and ineffective defective.At present, the power spreading device of quickly shaping device is to be driven by guide rail and belt.Spread the powder mode and be the limit of moving from left to right, limit and spread powder, it is long to spread the powder stroke, shared shop, part forming district powder area is little, and for guaranteeing to spread the stable and reliable of powder, require power spreading device speed low, therefore it is longer to spread the time that the powder process accounts for, and the time of the actual shaping of every layer cross section lacks relatively, has caused the curring time waste.In addition, existing shop powder method is that bisque is paved with whole workbench from the storage powder always, and in fact only has the powder in part forming zone just can be utilized, and this has caused the waste of most of material, and stock utilization is lower.
(2) power spreading device is rigid structure, easy and rat friction in spreading the powder process, and impact spreads powder stability.
In the powder rapid forming technical process, be prone to the phenomenons such as nodularization, glutinous powder, and under the impact of the objective condition such as cross sectional shape sudden change, process conditions, some of profiled surface is local can to produce projection.And existing power spreading device such as powder-laying roller, scraper plate are rigid structure, easily in spreading the powder process, produce serious friction with projection, not only shorten the service life that spreads powder mechanism, impact spreads the stable of powder, may cause the stuck of power spreading device when serious, forming process is interrupted, directly affect precision and the performance of formation of parts.Usually we can pass through power spreading device by the height of the suitable decline work top of manual adjustments smoothly, but can increase like this thickness of bisque, must reduce drip molding at precision and the forming quality of vertical direction.
(3) the Quick-forming environment of powder is relatively poor, and it is complicated to spread the powder equipment structure, and sticking together of powder affects its reliability.
The powder rapid forming environment is generally relatively poor, often need high-energy-density thermal source (such as laser) that powder is melted or sintering, the phenomenon such as these processes all follow volatilization, splash, thereby powder easily sticks together on such as bearing, hinge or moving component, affect the reliability of its work, very the person hinders the normal operation of equipment.If it is too complicated to spread the powder equipment configuration, transmission and moving link are too much, and abominable working condition can be more remarkable to the adverse effect of these equipment.So adopt simplicity of design to spreading the powder equipment Requirement as far as possible, the process reliability is high, control easy structure, and each several part requires easy accessibility, and is portable strong, is conducive to equipment and can establishes when adjustment according to different needs in process modification research.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the deficiency that exists for above-mentioned prior art and provides a kind of dynamic area of realizing to spread the arm-type power spreading device of movement of powder that power spreading device is simple in structure, is convenient to dismounting, and is portable strong; Adopt this power spreading device, it is quick to spread powder, and reliability is high, can reduce to spread the powder time and greatly save the powder consumption, thereby improve forming efficiency and stock utilization.
A kind of Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device provided by the invention is characterized in that it comprises:
A certain amount of dust feeder, it has Chu Fenxiang, powder feeding roller and fixed head, is driven by external electric rotating machine, and powder feeding roller and fixed head are installed by lower powder mouth place, storage powder case bottom, play quantitative powder feeding effect;
One transmission device, it comprises transfer arm and movable frame, and transfer arm can be done the plane motion of left and right directions under the drive of the first motor, and movable frame can be done the plane motion of fore-and-aft direction under the drive of the second motor;
One spreads powder equipment, comprises the mobile hopper of the below that is positioned at quantitative dust feeder, and its material receiving port is corresponding with the meal outlet of quantitative dust feeder, and mobile hopper is installed on the movable frame, can do the reciprocating motion of fore-and-aft direction under movable frame drives.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, regional area dynamically spreads the powder method, cooperate the mobile hopper of drive to spread powder with movable frame transfer arm, make to spread the powder region limits in the formation of parts district, and can spread according to the variation adjustment of part section shape powder amount and powder position, shop, greatly improve the utilization rate of dusty material, save the powder consumption;
2, adopt the gravity type powder feeder unit, control is simple, reliable operation;
3, the power spreading device overall construction design is compact, occupy little space, can reduce to greatest extent to send spreading taking up room of powder mechanism, and movable frame and mobile hopper are convenient to dismounting, portable strong, be conducive to equipment and in process modification research, can establish when adjusting according to different needs;
4, this power spreading device the control system that adopts is required fairly simple, only need the control movable frame at the rectilinear motion of fore-and-aft direction and transfer arm at these two kinds of basic exercises of rectilinear motion of left and right directions, realize that easily manufacturing cost is lower;
5, transfer arm good rigidly, it is reliable to operate steadily, and can transport at a high speed mobile hopper to shaped region, saves the time that power spreading device transports powder, enhances productivity;
6, flexible scraping blade is installed around the mobile hopper, is guaranteed to spread the stability of power spreading device operation in the powder process and spread the smooth and easy of powder, and flexible scraping blade easy accessibility, portable strong.
In a word, this power spreading device compact conformation, take up room little, control is simple, it is simple to spread the powder structural design, portability is stronger; And time motion realizes that local dynamic station spreads powder to utilize transfer arm and movable frame, improve powder using efficiency, and greatly shortened the shop powder time, effectively enhanced productivity, had significant application value for the overall technology level that improves powder bed fast shaping technology.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation.
Fig. 2 is the tiltedly rear schematic diagrames of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 A is that the present invention moves the hopper construction schematic diagram, and Fig. 3 B is the Rotational Thin chip architecture schematic diagram of mobile hopper inside.
Fig. 4 is movable frame schematic diagram in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is transfer arm schematic diagram in apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is specific embodiment of the invention stravismus and schematic cross-section.
Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B scheme for the shop powder contrast of the part that existing powder-laying roller pair cross-section changes.
Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B are the shop powder contrast figure of the part of apparatus of the present invention pair cross-section variation.
Description of reference numerals:
1-storage powder case; 2-bucket wall one; The 3-powder feeding roller; The 4-fixed head; 5-moves hopper; The 6-rotating shaft; 7-rotates thin slice; The 8-electric rotating machine; The 9-movable frame; The 10-transfer arm; The 11-scraping blade; The 12-back-moving spring; 13-rotating shaft locating hole; The 14-brace table; 15-pole; 16-the first chute; 17-the second chute.
The specific embodiment
Apparatus of the present invention comprise quantitative dust feeder, transmission device and shop powder equipment.Below by the structure that each several part of the present invention is described in further detail by embodiment, but following examples only are illustrative, and protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of these embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, quantitatively dust feeder comprises storage powder case 1, powder feeding roller 3, fixed head 4, and joins corresponding electric rotating machine outward.Storage powder case 1 is fixed on the top of working chamber, storage powder case 1 is funnel-form, bucket wall 1 tilts, its bottom is provided with powder mouth under the rectangle, powder mouth place mounting plate 4 under storage powder case 1 bottom, have on the fixed head 4 with store up powder case 1 bottom under meal outlet corresponding to powder mouth, play quantitative powder feeding effect, powder feeding roller 3 is installed between lower powder mouth and the fixed head 4, drives running by joining electric rotating machine outward.
The present invention does not have special requirement to quantitative dust feeder structure, can adopt the quantitative dust feeder of the various structures of existing or designed, designed, and Fig. 1 has just enumerated wherein a kind of structure.
Transmission device comprises transfer arm 10, movable frame 9, the first motor.As shown in Figure 4, movable frame 9 is provided with two symmetrical poles 15.
As shown in Figure 5, transfer arm 10 middle parts have the port for holding movable hopper 5, and have first, second chute 16 and 17, the second chute 17 is through hole, the first chute 16 is blind hole, and described movable frame 9 passes the second chute 17, inserts in the blind hole of the first chute 16, movable frame 9 is matched in clearance with chute 16,17, and movable frame 9 can be in the plane motion of doing fore-and-aft direction under the drive of the second motor in chute 16,17.The second motor can adopt linear electric motors or electric rotating machine; The first motor also can adopt linear electric motors or electric rotating machine, if adopt electric rotating machine, also need cooperate with motor by screw mandrel or other equivalent drive apparatus and realize transmission agency.
When the first motor is electric rotating machine and additional screw mandrel and mobile axle sleeve, the shifting axle cover clamps the transfer arm sidepiece, and its underpart screwed hole matches with screw mandrel, and the first motor is connected with screw mandrel, can drive the screw mandrel rotation, drive simultaneously vertically moving linearly of mobile axle sleeve and transfer arm 10.
Spread powder equipment and comprise mobile hopper 5 and electric rotating machine 8.
Shown in Fig. 3 A, 3B, mobile hopper 5 leaks box for rectangular opening; The rotation thin slice 7 with rotating shaft 6 is installed on its inner chamber top;
To spread powder more even in order to make, and the lower berth powder mouth of mobile hopper 5 adopts by four rectangular opening that flexible scraping blade 11 surrounds all around, and the latter half of described flexible scraping blade 11 is comprised of a plurality of flexible broach that are evenly distributed.
Rotating shaft 6 is by electric rotating machine 8 driven rotary.Unlatching by control electric rotating machine 8 with stop driven rotary thin slice 7 rotation.Back-moving spring 12 is installed at position between the wall of rotating shaft 6 and mobile hopper 5, is used for making rotation thin slice 7 to be returned to initial position.
Under the drive of the first motor, transfer arm 10 is done the plane motion of left and right directions, and pole 15 makes movable frame 9 do the linear reciprocating motion of fore-and-aft direction together with mobile hopper 5 under the drive of the second motor; The shop powder mouth of mobile hopper 5 can spread the powder operation in working face.
It is as follows to utilize said apparatus to spread the workflow of powder:
Start quantitative dust feeder to a certain amount of powder of mobile hopper 5 supplies, rotation thin slice 7 is in level;
At a high speed mobile hopper 5 is delivered to workbench from left to right by the first driven by motor transfer arm 10;
Transfer arm 10 underspeeds, and starts electric rotating machine 8, makes about 90 degree of rotation thin slice 7 rotations, and powder is fallen lower powder mouth;
Four scraping blades 11 at 5 times powder mouths of mobile hopper place spread powder along with hopper 5 moves;
It is complete to spread the powder process, closes electric rotating machine 8, and rotation thin slice 7 is returned to original horizontal position.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment of the present invention, further specify the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Take the impeller shown in Figure 6 that is shaped as example, choosing moulding material is the 316L powder of stainless steel, adopts selective laser melting (SLM) technology that is shaped that metal powder material is melted shaping, chooses and spreads the thick 0.03mm of being of bisque.Concrete workflow is as follows: at first, according to the design feature of present embodiment impeller, select to begin in layer straight up stack shaping from the base of impeller.The powder of the amount of being filled with in storage powder case 1 in advance after the front travel such as vacuumizing in the chamber to be formed and finishing, can be opened power spreading device.In the starting stage, the rotation thin slice 7 in the mobile hopper 5 is in level, and rotation thin slice 7 edges and mobile hopper 5 inner chambers are tangent.Open quantitative dust feeder, the powder in the storage powder case 1 is evenly sent in the mobile hopper 5, and is taken up by rotation thin slice 7.Wherein, quantitatively dust feeder can be controlled the uniform and stable property of powder feeding process, and can control powder sending quantity according to actual requirement, so that powder sending quantity just satisfies the amount of powder that spreads each time the powder process need.After the dress powder was finished, transfer arm 10 was by the first driven by motor, and the high-speed straight-line that drive movable frame 9 is done from left to right together with mobile hopper 5 in working face moves; When transfer arm 10 moved to the part forming district, the speed of transfer arm 10 moved right by being adjusted into low speed at a high speed, and simultaneously, electric rotating machine 8 starts, and driven rotary axle 6 rotates about 90 degree, and the powder that rotation thin slice 7 takes up is fallen lower berth powder mouth; The impeller ground floor cross sectional shape information of reading in according to computer, mobile hopper 5 is along with the pole 15 of movable frame 9 is done the suitable reciprocating motion of fore-and-aft direction in the chute 16,17 at transfer arm 10 under driving mechanism drives, and mobile hopper 5 drives again four flexible scraping blades 11 all directions in working face and spreads the powder operation.Can will spread the powder region limits near part dynamically like this, and spread the powder amount according to the adjustment of part section shape size.After the ground floor bisque had spread, workbench decline 0.03mm closed electric rotating machine 8, and rotation thin slice 7 is returned to original horizontal position under spring 12 restoring force effects.Transfer arm 10 drives movable frame 9 and mobile hopper 5 carries out the high speed translation from right to left.
Fig. 7 A and Fig. 7 B have showed that the impeller that existing powder-laying roller pair cross-section changes greatly spreads powder contrast figure, obviously find m layer cross section area much smaller than the n layer cross section, but spread in the powder process for twice that all can be paved with powder in whole working face, it is suitable to spread the powder amount; Fig. 8 A and Fig. 8 B have showed that the present invention spreads the situation contrast of n layer cross section and m layer cross section to impeller, find when part section hour, the powder that spreads is located near being only limited in part section among a small circle, when the cross section is larger, can will spread the increase of powder area according to shape; Dynamic like this adjustment according to cross-sectional sizes spreads the powder area, can greatly reduce the waste of powder.
In a word, the present invention spreads the powder method and adopts transfer arm to combine with mobile hopper to realize that local dynamic station spreads the powder method, and the raising powder using efficiency has greatly shortened the shop powder time, effectively enhances productivity; And the powder sending and laying device structural design is compact simple, little, the desired control system that takes up room also comparatively simple, power spreading device is easy to dismounting, portability is stronger, be conducive to equipment and in process modification research, can establish when adjustment according to different needs.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not that the present invention is done any restriction, every according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification, equivalent variations that above embodiment does, all belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device is characterized in that it comprises:
A certain amount of dust feeder, it has Chu Fenxiang (1), powder feeding roller (3) and fixed head (4), and powder feeding roller (3) and fixed head (4) are installed by lower powder mouth place, Chu Fenxiang (1) bottom, play quantitative powder feeding effect;
One transmission device, it comprises transfer arm (10) and movable frame (9), and transfer arm (10) can be done the plane motion of left and right directions under the drive of the first motor, and movable frame (9) can be done the plane motion of fore-and-aft direction under the drive of the second motor; Movable frame (9) is provided with two symmetrical poles (15); Transfer arm (10) middle part has the port for holding movable hopper (5), and have first, second chute (16), (17), the second chute (17) is through hole, the first chute (16) is blind hole, described movable frame (9) passes the second chute (17), insert in the blind hole of the first chute (16), movable frame (9) is matched in clearance with chute (16), (17), and movable frame (9) can move in chute (16), (17); The first motor is electric rotating machine, carries out transmission by mobile axle sleeve and screw mandrel, and the shifting axle cover clamps transfer arm front and back sidepiece, its underpart cooperates with wire rod thread, the first motor is connected with screw mandrel, can drive the screw mandrel rotation, drives simultaneously vertically moving linearly of mobile axle sleeve and transfer arm (10)
One spreads powder equipment, the mobile hopper (5) that comprises the below that is positioned at quantitative dust feeder, its material receiving port is corresponding with the meal outlet of quantitative dust feeder, and mobile hopper (5) is installed on the movable frame (9), can do the reciprocating motion of fore-and-aft direction under movable frame (9) drives.
2. Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the rotation thin slice (7) with rotating shaft (6) is installed on the inner chamber top of mobile hopper (5), and rotating shaft (6) is by electric rotating machine (8) driven rotary; Unlatching by control electric rotating machine (8) with stop driven rotary thin slice (7) rotation; Mobile hopper (5) is supported by movable frame (9); On mobile hopper (5) front and rear baffle brace table (14) is set respectively, the peripheral sizableness in the rectangular opening of movable frame (9) and mobile hopper (5) top, mobile hopper (5) is installed on the movable frame (9) by brace table (14).
3. Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, the lower berth powder mouth of mobile hopper (5) adopts the rectangular opening that is surrounded by four flexible scraping blades (11) all around, and the latter half of described flexible scraping blade (11) is comprised of a plurality of flexible broach that are evenly distributed;
Back-moving spring (12) is installed at position between the wall of rotating shaft (6) and mobile hopper (5), is used for making rotation thin slice (7) to be returned to initial position.
4. Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,
Quantitatively dust feeder comprises Chu Fenxiang (1), powder feeding roller (3) and fixed head (4), and by external electric rotating machine driving, storage powder case (1) is fixed on the top of working chamber, storage powder case (1) is funnel-form, bucket wall one (2) tilts, its bottom is provided with powder mouth under the rectangle, the lower powder mouth place mounting plate (4) in storage powder case (1) bottom, have the meal outlet corresponding with the lower powder mouth in Chu Fenxiang (1) bottom on the fixed head (4), play quantitative powder feeding effect, powder feeding roller (3) is installed between lower powder mouth and the fixed head (4).
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| CN 201110363601 CN102514950B (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device |
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| CN 201110363601 CN102514950B (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2011-11-16 | Movable-arm-type powder bed powder spreading device |
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| CN102514950B true CN102514950B (en) | 2013-10-30 |
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