CN114375793A

CN114375793A - Automatic seedling separating device

Info

Publication number: CN114375793A
Application number: CN202210016805.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 桂慧; 彭文凯; 刘婷婷; 秦鸿程; 刘新; 刘小翠; 孙亮波; 张敏
Original assignee: Wuhan Polytechnic University
Current assignee: Guangdong Shengwei Industrial Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-07
Filing date: 2022-01-07
Publication date: 2022-04-22
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-07
Also published as: CN114375793B

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic seedling separating device which comprises a seedling separating box (302), a seedling poking wheel (312) and a driving mechanism thereof, wherein a seedling emergence opening is formed in the seedling separating box (302), and the seedling poking wheel (312) is arranged at the output end of the seedling emergence opening; when carrying out the operation of dividing seedlings, group seedling wheel (312) rotate for dividing seedling case (302) under group seedling wheel actuating mechanism's effect, and utilize group seedling wheel (312) rotate will divide the seedling case (302) in wait to plant the nursery stock and export through the mouth of emerging in proper order. In the seedling separating process, the seedlings to be planted are placed in the seedling separating box in advance, the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism is started, the seedling poking wheels rotate relative to the seedling separating box under the action of the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism, the seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box can be sequentially output through the seedling emergence openings by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheels, manual operation is not needed to participate in seedling separation, the labor intensity of seedling separating operation is greatly reduced, and the seedling separating operation efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Automatic seedling separating device

Technical Field

The invention relates to seedling planting equipment, in particular to an automatic seedling separating device applied to automatic seedling planting equipment.

Background

The afforestation is very important to ecological environment construction, not only can make soil and water keep to alleviate the loss of flood disaster, green plant is still called "natural dust remover" moreover, and the oxygen manufacturing plant is favorable to cleaing away air pollution, realizes regional automatic temperature regulation.

Particularly, the afforestation has obvious effects in the aspects of governing desertification cultivated land and desert, controlling water and soil loss, preventing wind and fixing sand, increasing soil water storage capacity and the like, and further greatly improves the ecological environment, so that the generated direct economic benefit and indirect economic benefit are huge. However, in the process of planting trees, particularly in large-scale and large-area afforestation, the seedlings to be planted are firstly conveyed to the designated positions in large scale, and then the seedlings to be planted are subjected to seedling division operation. For the seedling separation operation, if the manual operation is completely relied on, the labor intensity is high, and the seedling separation operation efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: to the problems existing in the prior art, the automatic seedling separating device is provided, the labor intensity of seedling separating operation is reduced, and the seedling separating operation efficiency is improved.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an automatic seedling separating device comprises a seedling separating box, a seedling poking wheel and a driving mechanism of the seedling poking wheel, wherein a seedling emergence opening is formed in the seedling separating box, and the seedling poking wheel is arranged at the output end of the seedling emergence opening; when carrying out the operation of dividing seedlings, group seedling wheel rotate for dividing the seedling case under group seedling wheel actuating mechanism's effect, and utilize group seedling wheel's rotation will divide the seedling case treat that the seedling is planted the wood and export in proper order through the mouth of emerging.

Preferably, still including pushing away seedling mechanism, push away seedling mechanism and install on the base, group seedling wheel will divide the nursery stock of waiting to plant in the seedling case to export in proper order through the mouth of emerging to push away seedling mechanism on, again through pushing away seedling mechanism with the base received treat plant the nursery stock with the horizontality output.

Preferably, the seedling pushing mechanism comprises a seedling pushing plate and a driving mechanism thereof, and the seedling pushing plate forms horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base under the action of the driving mechanism.

Preferably, push away actuating mechanism of seedling board includes the crank, pushes away seedling connecting rod and sliding seat, push away the relative both ends of seedling connecting rod and form relative pivoted swing joint structure with crank, sliding seat respectively, push away seedling board and sliding seat fixed connection, the crank make horizontal reciprocating linear motion for the base through pushing away seedling connecting rod drive sliding seat in the rotation process.

Preferably, the crank and the seedling poking wheel between be provided with second grade reduction drive mechanism, second grade reduction drive mechanism include first synchronous pulley, second synchronous pulley and third synchronous pulley and fourth synchronous pulley, first synchronous pulley and second synchronous pulley between form first grade reduction drive mechanism through first synchronous belt, third synchronous pulley and fourth synchronous pulley between form second grade reduction drive mechanism through the second synchronous belt.

Preferably, a movable connecting structure which slides relatively is formed between the sliding seat and the guide sliding rail, and the guide sliding rail is fixedly connected with the base.

Preferably, the device further comprises a guide sliding plate, and the guide sliding plate is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane.

Preferably, divide seedling case and dispersion support fixed connection, dispersion support be circular arc structure, and the arc part is to dividing seedling case inner chamber protrusion.

Preferably, divide the below of seedling case's the mouth of emerging to set up preceding curb plate and posterior lateral plate respectively, preceding curb plate set up with the posterior lateral plate is relative, and form between preceding curb plate and posterior lateral plate and fall seedling plastic passageway.

Preferably, the front side plate is connected with the buffer plate through a first torsion spring, and the seedlings to be planted in the seedling falling shaping channel flow out of the seedling falling shaping channel after pushing the buffer plate open.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the seedling separating operation is carried out, the seedlings to be planted are placed in the seedling separating box in advance, the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism is started, so that the seedling poking wheel rotates relative to the seedling separating box under the action of the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism, the seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box can be sequentially output through the seedling outlet by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheel, the manual participation degree of the seedling separating operation is reduced, the labor intensity of the seedling separating operation is greatly reduced, and the seedling separating operation efficiency is greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general assembly drawing (isometric view) of an automated seedling planting apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a general assembly view (front view) of the automated seedling planting apparatus.

Fig. 3 is an isometric view of an automatic seedling separating device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the automatic seedling separating device shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 5 at B.

Fig. 7 is a diagram (axonometric view) of a reduction transmission system of the automatic seedling separating device shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a diagram (right side view) of a reduction transmission system of the automatic seedling separating device shown in fig. 7.

Figure 9 is a front view of an abdicating drilling device.

Figure 10 is a side view of the abdicating drilling device.

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is an isometric view (front, embodiment 1) of the spacing roller mechanism of fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is an isometric view of the spacing roller mechanism of fig. 10 (back, embodiment 1).

Fig. 14 is an internal configuration diagram of the stopper roller mechanism in fig. 10 (embodiment 1).

Fig. 15 is a front view of the stopper roller mechanism shown in fig. 14 (embodiment 1).

Fig. 16 is a side view of the stopper roller mechanism in fig. 10 (embodiment 2).

Fig. 17 is an internal configuration diagram of the stopper roller mechanism shown in fig. 16 (embodiment 2 in which the right rotating arm is hidden).

Fig. 18 is an internal configuration diagram (front view, embodiment 2) of the stopper roller mechanism shown in fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is an isometric view of the seedling planting device (with the seedling in a horizontal position in elevation).

Fig. 21 is an isometric view of the seedling planting device (side view, seedling in horizontal position).

Fig. 22 is a front view of the seedling planting device shown in fig. 20.

Fig. 23 is a top view of the seedling planting device shown in fig. 20.

Fig. 24 is an isometric view of the seedling planting device (with the seedling in an upright position).

Fig. 25 is a front view of the seedling planting device shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 26 is an isometric view of the seedling planting device (with the seedling in a seedling planting state in elevation).

Fig. 27 is an isometric view of the seedling planting device (from below, the seedling is in a seedling planting state).

Fig. 28 is a front view of the seedling planting device shown in fig. 26.

Fig. 29 is an isometric view of the drop mechanism of fig. 20 (with the drop plate in a closed position).

FIG. 30 is an isometric view of the drop mechanism of FIG. 20 (with the drop plate in an open position).

Fig. 31 is a front view of the seedling dropping mechanism shown in fig. 29 or fig. 30.

Figure 32 is an isometric view of a landfill device.

Figure 33 is a front view of the landfill device shown in figure 32.

FIG. 34 is an isometric view of the filling mechanism of FIG. 32.

Fig. 35 is a side view of the earth-filling mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 36 is a sectional view taken along line E-E in fig. 35.

Fig. 37 is an isometric view of the rolling mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 38 is a side view of the rolling mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 39 is a front view of the rolling mechanism shown in fig. 37 or fig. 38.

The labels in the figure are: 1-caster, 2-frame, 3-seedling separating device, 4-abdicating drilling device, 5-seedling inserting device, 6-landfill device, 301-seedling separating transmission shaft, 302-seedling separating box, 303-seedling separating motor, 304-sliding guide plate, 305-front side plate, 306-first synchronous belt, 307-buffer plate, 308-rear side plate, 309-first synchronous pulley, 310-second synchronous pulley, 311-first transmission shaft, 312-seedling pulling wheel, 313-dispersing bracket, 314-second synchronous belt, 315-third synchronous pulley, 316-base, 317-second transmission shaft, 318-crank, 319-sliding guide rail, 320-seedling pushing plate, 321-seedling pushing connecting rod, 322-sliding seat, 323-fourth synchronous pulley, 324-a first torsion spring, 401-an abdicating motor, 402-a first lead screw, 403-a first sliding seat, 404-an abdicating slide rail, 405-a first base, 406-a drill rod, 407-a rail bearing seat, 408-a dislocating guide rail, 409-an adjusting roller, 410-a fixed roller, 411-a drilling motor, 412-a bearing, 413-a sliding installation seat, 414-a pin shaft, 415-a pin shaft seat, 416-a rotating arm, 417-an elastic rubber band, 418-a limiting clamping groove, 419-a second torsion spring, 501-a first electromagnet, 502-an electric push rod, 503-a seedling receiving base, 504-a seedling receiving frame, 505-a seedling falling frame, 506-a second electromagnet, 507-a support, 508-an electromagnet suction piece, 509-a second sliding seat and 510-a seedling falling plate, 511-a second base, 512-a limiting plate, 513-an electromagnetic valve, 514-a seedling to be planted, 515-a seedling falling motor, 516-a second screw rod, 517-a rotating seat, 518-a guide sliding pin, 519-a strip-shaped guide groove, 520-a seedling falling port, 601-a landfill grinding wheel, 602-a sand piling coulter, 603-a first connecting rod, 604-a coulter roller, 605-a second connecting rod, 606-a first clamping plate, 607-a third connecting rod, 608-a grinding wheel bracket, 609-a second clamping plate, 610-a third torsion spring and 611-a fourth torsion spring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The automatic seedling planting equipment shown in fig. 1 and 2 mainly comprises a frame 2, a seedling separating device 3, an abdicating and drilling device 4, a seedling inserting device 5 and a landfill device 6, wherein the landfill device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 2, and casters 1 are arranged at the bottom of the frame 2. As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the seedling separating device 3 includes a seedling separating box 302, a seedling poking wheel 312, a driving mechanism of the seedling poking wheel 312, and a seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling separating box 302 is fixed on the frame 2, a seedling emergence opening is arranged at the bottom of one side of the seedling separating box 302, and the seedling poking wheel 312 is arranged at an output end of the seedling emergence opening. The seedling pushing mechanism is arranged on the base 316 and comprises a seedling pushing plate 320 and a driving mechanism thereof, and the seedling pushing plate 320 forms horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 316 under the action of the driving mechanism. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8,

the driving mechanism of the seedling pushing plate 320 comprises a crank 318, a seedling pushing connecting rod 321 and a sliding seat 322, opposite ends of the seedling pushing connecting rod 321 respectively form a movable connection structure with the crank 318 and the sliding seat 322 in relative rotation, the seedling pushing plate 320 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 322, and the crank 318 drives the sliding seat 322 to do horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 316 through the seedling pushing connecting rod 321 in the rotation process. Further, a movable connection structure that slides relatively is formed between the sliding seat 322 and the guide rail 319, and the guide rail 319 is fixedly connected with the base 316, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the sliding seat 322 performing the horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 316. The seedling poking device is characterized in that a secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism is arranged between the crank 318 and the seedling poking wheel 312, the secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism comprises a first synchronous pulley 309, a second synchronous pulley 310, a third synchronous pulley 315 and a fourth synchronous pulley 323, the first synchronous pulley 309 is fixedly connected with the seedling poking transmission shaft 301, the second synchronous pulley 310 and the third synchronous pulley 315 are fixedly connected with a first transmission shaft 311 respectively, the fourth synchronous pulley 323 is fixedly connected with a second transmission shaft 317, the first synchronous pulley 309 and the second synchronous pulley 310 form a primary speed reduction transmission mechanism through a first synchronous belt 306, and the third synchronous pulley 315 and the fourth synchronous pulley 323 form a secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism through a second synchronous belt 314.

The seedling poking wheel 312 is fixedly connected with the seedling separating transmission shaft 301, and the seedling separating transmission shaft 301 is driven by the seedling separating motor 303; the crank 318 is fixedly connected with the second transmission shaft 317. When the seedling separating device 3 carries out the seedling separating operation, the seedling separating motor 303 drive through separating seedling transmission shaft 301 and dial seedling wheel 312 and rotate for separating seedling box 302 to utilize the rotation of dialling seedling wheel 312 to divide the waiting to plant the seedling in seedling box 302 to export in proper order through the mouth of emerging to push away the seedling mechanism. Because the nursery stock to be planted in the seedling separating box 302 descends by means of self gravity, the seedling poking wheel 312 rotates anticlockwise, and the clamping stagnation of the nursery stock to be planted can be prevented. In order to further prevent the seedling opening of the seedling box 302 from being blocked due to accumulation or even jamming during the output process of the seedlings to be planted, the seedling box 302 can be fixedly connected with a dispersing support 313, the dispersing support 313 is an arc-shaped structural member, the arc part protrudes towards the inner cavity of the seedling box 302, and the seedling poking wheel 312 is designed into a gear-shaped structure, as shown in fig. 3. The rotation of the seedling separating transmission shaft 301 is subjected to speed reduction treatment by the secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism and then output to the crank 318, the crank 318 drives the sliding seat 322 to do horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 316 through the seedling pushing connecting rod 321 in the rotation process, and therefore the seedlings to be planted received by the base 316 can be output in a horizontal state through the seedling pushing mechanism.

The seedling pushing mechanism outputs the seedlings to be planted to the seedling inserting device 5 in a horizontal state. In order to ensure that the seedlings to be planted are output in a horizontal state one by one, the seedling poking wheel 312 preferably adopts a gear-shaped structure, meanwhile, a front side plate 305 and a rear side plate 308 can be respectively arranged below the seedling emergence opening of the seedling separating box 302, the front side plate 305 and the rear side plate 308 are arranged oppositely, and a seedling falling shaping channel is formed between the front side plate 305 and the rear side plate 308, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, so that the seedling pushing mechanism outputs the seedlings to be planted in a horizontal state to the seedling falling shaping channel. The seedling to be planted after being shaped through the seedling falling shaping channel falls into the seedling inserting device 5. In order to reduce the impact of the seedlings to be planted on the seedling transplanting device 5, a guide sliding plate 304 may be additionally arranged, the guide sliding plate 304 is fixedly connected with the frame 2, the guide sliding plate 304 is arranged obliquely relative to the horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 3, the seedlings to be planted firstly fall down to the horizontal part of the guide sliding plate 304 and then slide down along the inclined plane part of the guide sliding plate 304. Further, the front side plate 305 may be connected with the buffer plate 307 through a first torsion spring 324, and the seedlings to be planted in the seedling falling and shaping channel can flow out of the seedling falling and shaping channel after pushing the buffer plate 307, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.

The abdicating and drilling device 4 is constructed as shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, and mainly comprises a drill rod 406, a drill rod rotation driving mechanism and a drill rod lifting driving mechanism, wherein the drill rod rotation driving mechanism comprises a drilling motor 411, the drill rod 406 is connected with the action output end of the drilling motor 411, and the drilling motor 411 drives the drill rod 406 to rotate; the drilling motor 411 is installed on the sliding installation seat 413, generally, the sliding installation seat 413 may be connected to the rail support seat 407 through the abdicating sliding rail 404, and a movable connection structure that relatively slides is formed between the sliding installation seat 413 and the abdicating sliding rail 404, as shown in fig. 11. The drill rod lifting driving mechanism is arranged on a first base 405 and mainly comprises an abdicating motor 401, a first lead screw 402 and a first sliding seat 403, the first sliding seat 403 is fixedly connected with a rail bearing seat 407, and a lead screw transmission mechanism is formed between the first lead screw 402 and the first sliding seat 403.

When drilling is carried out, the abdicating motor 401 drives the first lead screw 402 to rotate relative to the first base 405, the first lead screw 402 drives the first slide base 403 to move up and down relative to the first base 405, the first slide base 403 drives the rail bearing base 407 to move up and down synchronously, the rail bearing base 407 drives the drill rod 406 to move up and down synchronously, the drill rod 406 is driven by the drilling motor 411 to rotate relative to the rail bearing base 407, and the rotation action and the lifting action of the drill rod 406 form a seedling planting pit together.

In order to avoid interference to the seedling inserting operation of the seedling inserting device 5, a limiting roller mechanism and a deflection guide rail 408 can be additionally arranged. The structure of the limiting roller mechanism is shown in fig. 11 and 12, and mainly comprises a pin shaft seat 415, wherein an adjusting roller 409 and a fixed roller 410 are respectively arranged on the pin shaft seat 415, the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 are respectively matched with clamping grooves at two sides of a deflection guide rail 408, and the deflection guide rail 408 is clamped between the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 in a clamping state; generally, the number of the adjusting rollers 409 and the number of the fixed rollers 410 are 2, respectively, and 2 adjusting rollers 409 are located on the same side of the position-changing

guide rail

408, and 2 fixed rollers 410 are located on the other side of the position-changing guide rail 408. As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the displacement guide rail 408 is of an inverted L-shaped structure, the pin shaft seat 415 is connected with the bearing 412 through a pin shaft 414, the bearing 412 is fixedly connected with the sliding installation seat 413, the sliding installation seat 413 is installed on the rail bearing seat 407, and the drill rod lifting drive mechanism drives the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 to move along the displacement guide rail 408 through the pin shaft seat 415.

By adopting the structural design, after the drilling rod 406 completes the excavation operation of the seedling planting pit, the drilling rod 406 rises along the vertical section of the displacement guide rail 408, and then moves to the reset state along the bent section of the displacement guide rail 408, so that the drilling rod 406 can transversely yield and move over the seedling planting pit, and the subsequent seedling inserting device 5 can perform seedling inserting operation. If the drill rod 406 is moved away from the seedling planting pit only in a pure vertical direction, the lifting movement of the first lead screw 402 driving the first slide carriage 403 will at least meet the height of two seedlings to be planted, so that the overall height of the abdicating and drilling device 4 will be increased accordingly, which not only increases the occupied space of the equipment, but also increases the overall manufacturing cost.

In order to ensure and improve the working reliability of the abdicating drilling device 4 and improve the drilling quality of the seedling planting pit, the adjusting roller 409 can be connected with the pin shaft seat 415 through the rotating arm 416, a movable connection structure which rotates relatively is formed between the rotating arm 416 and the pin shaft seat 415, and an elastic rubber band 417 is arranged between the rotating arm 416 and the pin shaft seat 415. Usually, the rotating arm 416 and the pin shaft seat 415 are respectively provided with a limiting slot 418, and the elastic rubber band 417 is limited by the limiting slot 418, as shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15. Besides, the adjusting roller 409 may be connected to the pin shaft seat 415 through the rotating arm 416, a movable connection structure for relative rotation is formed between the rotating arm 416 and the pin shaft seat 415, and a second torsion spring 419 is disposed between the rotating arm 416 and the pin shaft seat 415, as shown in fig. 16, 17, 18, and 19. Through the arrangement of the elastic rubber band 417 or the second torsion spring 419, the displacement guide rail 408 can be clamped between the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 in an elastic clamping state, so that the contact reliability between the adjusting roller 409 and the displacement guide rail 408 and between the fixed roller 410 and the displacement guide rail 408 is ensured, the automatic adjustment of the limiting roller mechanism in the work process is facilitated, and the service life of the limiting roller mechanism is prolonged.

The working process of the abdicating drilling device 4 is as follows: when the first slider 403 is at the upper limit position, the slide mounting seat 413 is at the right limit position of the shift rail 408 through the rail bearing seat 407, as shown in fig. 9 and 10. When the abdicating motor 401 drives the first lead screw 402 to rotate, the first lead screw 402 drives the first slide base 403 to move downwards, the first slide base 403 drives the rail bearing base 407 to move downwards synchronously, and the rail bearing base 407 drives the sliding installation base 413 to move downwards synchronously. In this process, the first sliding base 403 generates a downward acting force on the sliding mounting base 413 through the rail bearing base 407 and the abdicating sliding rail 404, and simultaneously generates a transverse acting force on the sliding mounting base 413 through the interaction between the adjusting roller 409, the fixed roller 410 and the dislocating guide rail 408, so as to drive the sliding mounting base 413, the limiting roller mechanism and the drilling motor 411 to perform dislocating movement along the dislocating guide rail 408 as a whole. When the limiting roller mechanism passes through the arc-shaped track part at the upper part of the displacement guide rail 408, the transverse displacement and partial longitudinal displacement of the drill rod 406 can be realized, and when the limiting roller mechanism passes through the linear track part at the lower part of the displacement guide rail 408, the longitudinal displacement of the drill rod 406 can be realized, so that the vertical downward acting force required by drilling can be provided; in the process, the drilling motor 411 drives the drill rod 406 to rotate, meanwhile, the drill rod 406 is driven by the rail bearing seat 407 to move in the vertical direction, and the rotation action of the drill rod 406 and the lifting action in the vertical direction realize the drilling function together until a seedling planting pit is formed.

As shown in fig. 20, 21, 22 and 23, the seedling inserting device 5 mainly includes a seedling dropping mechanism, a seedling receiving frame 504 and a driving mechanism thereof, the seedling receiving frame driving mechanism includes a seedling receiving frame rotating mechanism and a seedling receiving frame translation mechanism, the seedling receiving frame rotating mechanism drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to rotate to be in a vertical state, the seedling receiving frame 504 in the vertical state (together with the seedlings to be planted) is pushed to the seedling dropping mechanism by the seedling receiving frame translation mechanism, and finally the seedlings to be planted on the seedling receiving frame 504 are output by the seedling dropping mechanism. In particular, the amount of the solvent to be used,

the seedling falling mechanism comprises a limiting plate 512, a seedling falling port 520 is formed in the limiting plate 512, and the seedling receiving frame translation mechanism drives the limiting plate 512 to move linearly. The limiting plate 512 is fixedly connected with the seedling falling frame 505, generally, an integrated molding structure is formed between the limiting plate 512 and the seedling falling frame 505, and the limiting plate 512 and the seedling falling frame 505 form an L-shaped structural member together. By adopting the structural design, in the seedling planting operation, the seedling falling frame 505 can be utilized to assist in supporting the seedlings to be planted, so that the seedlings to be planted can fall into the seedling planting pit through the seedling falling port 520 in a vertical state as much as possible.

In order to better control the seedlings to be planted on the seedling dropping frame 505 to fall into the seedling planting pits through the seedling dropping openings 520 in a vertical state, as shown in fig. 29, 30 and 31, a movable connection structure which slides relatively can be formed between the limiting plates 512 and the seedling dropping plates 510, the seedling dropping plates 510 are connected with the seedling dropping plate actuating mechanism, and the seedling dropping plate actuating mechanism drives the seedling dropping plates 510 to slide relative to the limiting plates 512 so as to open or close the seedling dropping openings 520. The seedling falling plate action mechanism preferably adopts an electromagnetic valve 513, a strip-shaped guide groove 519 is formed in the limiting plate 512, the action output end of the electromagnetic valve 513 is connected with the seedling falling plate 510 through a slide guide pin 518, a sliding fit structure is formed between the slide guide pin 518 and the strip-shaped guide groove 519, and the electromagnetic valve 513 drives the seedling falling plate 510 to slide relative to the limiting plate 512 so that the seedling falling port 520 is opened or closed. Fig. 29 shows the seedling dropping port 520 in a closed state, and fig. 30 shows the seedling dropping port 520 in an open state.

The seedling receiving frame rotating mechanism mainly comprises an electric push rod 502 and a seedling receiving base 503, the tail end of the electric push rod 502 is fixedly connected with the rack 2 through a support 507, as shown in fig. 1, a movable connecting structure which rotates relatively is formed between the action output end of the electric push rod 502 and the seedling receiving base 503, and a separable movable connecting structure is formed between the seedling receiving frame 504 and the seedling receiving base 503. Generally, a second electromagnet 506 can be installed on the seedling receiving base 503, and the seedling receiving frame 504 forms a detachable movable connecting structure with the seedling receiving base 503 through the second electromagnet 506. When the electric push rod 502 drives the seedling receiving base 503 to rotate, the seedling receiving base 503 drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to rotate synchronously.

The seedling receiving frame translation mechanism is installed on the second base 511 and comprises a second lead screw 516 and a second sliding seat 509, the second lead screw 516 is driven by a seedling falling motor 515, a lead screw transmission mechanism is formed between the second lead screw 516 and the second sliding seat 509, and meanwhile, a movable connection structure which rotates relatively is formed between the second sliding seat 509 and the seedling receiving base 503 through a rotating seat 517. A detachable movable connecting structure is formed between the seedling receiving frame 504 and the second sliding seat 509. Generally, a first electromagnet 501 can be installed on the second sliding base 509, and the seedling receiving frame 504 forms a detachable movable connection structure through the first electromagnet 501 and the second sliding base 509. Further, the seedling receiving frame 504 is fixedly connected with the electromagnet suction piece 508, and a separable movable connection structure is formed between the first electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet suction piece 508. When the seedling receiving frame 504 is in a vertical state and is connected to the second sliding base 509 in place, the second sliding base 509 horizontally pushes the seedling receiving frame 504 in the vertical state to the seedling falling mechanism.

When the seedling transplanting device 5 performs seedling transplanting operation, as shown in fig. 22, the electric push rod 502 makes the seedling receiving frame 504 in a horizontal state, after the seedling receiving frame 504 receives the seedling to be planted 514, the second electromagnet 506 is powered on, and the seedling receiving frame 504 is fixedly connected with the seedling receiving base 503 into a whole through the second electromagnet 506. Firstly, the electric push rod 502 drives the seedling receiving base 503 to rotate, the seedling receiving base 503 drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to synchronously rotate until the seedling receiving frame 504 rotates to be in a vertical state, at the moment, the first electromagnet 501 is electrified, so that the seedling receiving frame 504 can be kept in the vertical state through the electromagnetic attraction between the electromagnet suction piece 508 and the first electromagnet 501, and the seedlings 514 to be planted on the seedling receiving frame 504 are also in the vertical state at the same time, as shown in fig. 24 and 25. Then, the second electromagnet 506 is de-energized, so that the seedling receiving frame 504 and the seedling receiving base 503 can be separated. As shown in fig. 26, 27 and 28, the seedling dropping motor 515 is started, the second slide 509 is driven to move forward through the second lead screw 516, and the seedling dropping motor is stopped until the second slide 509 drives the first electromagnet 501 and the seedling receiving frame 504 to synchronously move to the seedling inserting position. Next, the solenoid valve 513 is started, and the seedling falling plate 510 is driven by the solenoid valve 513 to slide relative to the limiting plate 512 until the seedling falling opening 520 is in an open state, and at this time, the to-be-planted seedlings 514 on the seedling receiving frame 504 can fall into the seedling planting pit through the seedling falling opening 520. Then, the electromagnetic valve 513 is started again, and the seedling dropping plate 510 is driven by the electromagnetic valve 513 to slide relative to the limiting plate 512 until the seedling dropping port 520 is in a closed state. And the seedling falling motor 515 is started again, the second sliding seat 509 is driven to move backwards through the second lead screw 516, when the seedling receiving frame 504 moves to be in contact with the second electromagnet 506 again, the second electromagnet 506 is electrified, the first electromagnet 501 is powered off, and at the moment, the seedling receiving frame 504 and the seedling receiving base 503 can be connected into a whole through the second electromagnet 506. The electric push rod 502 is started, the seedling receiving base 503 is driven to rotate reversely by the electric push rod 502, the seedling receiving base 503 drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to rotate synchronously and reversely until the seedling receiving frame 504 rotates reversely to be in a horizontal state, so that preparation is made for next seedling receiving operation.

As shown in fig. 32 and 33, the landfill device 6 includes a landfill mechanism and a rolling mechanism, the landfill mechanism includes a sand-piling coulter 602, the sand-piling coulter 602 is connected with a first connecting rod 603, a movable connecting structure which rotates relatively is formed between the first connecting rod 603 and a coulter roller 604, in addition, the first connecting rod 603 is respectively connected with a second connecting rod 605 and a third connecting rod 607, the second connecting rod 605 and the third connecting rod 607 are respectively connected with a first clamping plate 606, a parallelogram mechanism is formed between the first connecting rod 603, the second connecting rod 605, the third connecting rod 607 and the first clamping plate 606, and fourth torsion springs 611 are respectively arranged between the second connecting rod 605 and the first clamping plate 606 and between the third connecting rod 607 and the first clamping plate 606, as shown in fig. 34, 35 and 36. During the operation of the soil filling mechanism, as shown in fig. 33, the tip end of the sand-piling plow blade 602 advances, and the fourth torsion spring 611 causes a certain opening angle and acting force to exist between the second connecting rod 605 and the first clamping plate 606, and also causes a certain opening angle and acting force to exist between the third connecting rod 607 and the first clamping plate 606, so that the sand-piling plow blade 602 can always keep a downward pressing tendency, and the sand-piling plow blade 602 can push the sand to the maximum extent during the operation, thereby contributing to improving the soil filling operation efficiency.

The rolling mechanism comprises a landfill rolling wheel 601, the landfill rolling wheel 601 is connected with a second clamping plate 609 through a rolling wheel bracket 608, and a third torsion spring 610 is arranged between the rolling wheel bracket 608 and the second clamping plate 609, as shown in fig. 37, 38 and 39. During the operation of the rolling mechanism, as shown in fig. 33, the tip of the sand-piling coulter 602 advances, and the third torsion spring 610 makes a certain opening angle and force exist between the rolling wheel bracket 608 and the second clamping plate 609, so that the landfill rolling wheel 601 can always keep the downward rolling trend, and the landfill rolling wheel 601 can maximally roll the sand downwards during the operation, thereby improving the rolling efficiency.

After the seedlings to be planted 514 on the seedling receiving frames 504 fall into the seedling planting pits through the seedling falling openings 520, the landfill device 6 starts to work, the sand-piling coulter 602 pushes sand on one side of the seedling planting pits into the seedling planting pits in the working process, and then the sand-piling coulter 602 pushes the sand into the seedling planting pits by the landfill grinding wheel 601 in the working process to perform grinding operation. In order to improve the efficiency of the earth-filling operation, the working surface of the sand-piling coulter 602 preferably adopts a parabolic curved surface structure, as shown in fig. 36; in addition, the sand-stacking coulter 602 is generally provided with 2 sets, and a channel for the nursery stock 514 to be planted to pass through is formed between the 2 sets of sand-stacking coulters 602; the 2 sets of sand-piling coulters 602 can push sandy soil on two opposite sides of the seedling planting pit to the seedling planting pit in the working process. In order to improve the rolling efficiency, the number of the landfill rolling wheels 601 is usually 2, and the landfill rolling wheels are respectively connected with the rolling wheel bracket 608 in a movable manner in a side-by-side mode.

As shown in fig. 33, when the landfill device 6 is in a natural drooping state, the sand-piling coulter 602, the coulter roller 604 and the lowest end of the landfill roller 601 are sequentially descended, and the thickness of the coulter roller 604 is smaller than that of the landfill roller 601. By adopting the structural design, on one hand, the sand-piling coulter 602 can be ensured not to be directly contacted with the ground to generate scraping when the landfill device 6 moves on the hardened ground, so as to protect the sand-piling coulter 602, and the sand-piling coulter 602 can be retracted in parallel when the sand-piling coulter 602 is subjected to a force exceeding a limit force through a parallelogram mechanism formed among the first connecting rod 603, the second connecting rod 605, the third connecting rod 607 and the first clamping plate 606, on the other hand, the sand-piling coulter roller 604 can be pressed into the sandy soil by using a certain acting force generated by the fourth torsion spring 611 because the roller thickness of the coulter roller 604 is smaller than that of the landfill grinding wheel 601 when the landfill device 6 moves on the soft ground such as the sandy ground, so that the sand-piling coulter 602 can push more sandy soil to the seedling planting pit relative to the two sides during the work process, meanwhile, the landfill rolling wheel 601 is lower than the coulter roller 604, and the elasticity of the third torsion spring 610 is larger on the same horizontal plane, so that the landfill rolling wheel 601 can compress and compact the sandy soil pushed to the seedling planting pit by the sand-piling coulter 602 in the working process.

The automatic seedling planting equipment is usually arranged on a moving chassis and pulled by a trailer to move forward, the tip end of the sand-piling coulter 602 faces the forward moving direction of the trailer, and after the seedling planting operation of one seedling planting point is completed, the trailer pulls the automatic seedling planting equipment to move to the next seedling planting point. After the automatic seedling planting equipment moves to a designated seedling planting position, the seedling separating device 3 is started, and the seedlings to be planted are output to the seedling receiving frame 504 through the seedling poking wheels 312; the abdicating drilling device 4 forms a seedling planting pit through the drill rod 406, firstly pushes the seedlings to be planted 514 received by the seedling receiving frame 504 to be in a vertical state through the seedling receiving frame driving mechanism, and then starts the seedling dropping mechanism, so that the seedlings to be planted 514 in the vertical state on the seedling receiving frame 504 can fall into the seedling planting pit. After the seedling separating device 3, the abdicating drilling device 4 and the seedling inserting device 5 complete corresponding work, the automatic seedling planting equipment continues to move forward, the seedling to be planted 514 is exposed out of the surface of sandy soil by a certain height, the sandy soil beside the seedling planting pit is pushed to the seedling planting pit through the sand-piling coulter 602, and finally the sand-piling coulter 602 is pushed to the sandy soil in the seedling planting pit by the landfill grinding wheel 601 for grinding operation. From this, through dividing the seedling device 3, stepping down drilling equipment 4, inserting seedling device 5, landfill device 6 cooperation jointly and accomplish the automatic seedling planting operation of integration, greatly alleviateed manual work's intensity of labour to plant seedling operating efficiency and operation quality have been increased substantially, have reduced the input cost of afforestation effectively.

In order to ensure the survival rate of the seedlings 514 to be planted, usually, 2 seedlings can be planted in the same seedling planting pit, for this reason, the seedlings 514 to be planted received on the seedling receiving frame 504 can reach 2 seedlings first, as shown in fig. 22. In addition, a plurality of strip-shaped guide grooves 519 are formed in the limiting plate 512, two seedling dropping plates 510 are arranged and are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the seedling dropping port 520, and each seedling dropping plate 510 is respectively connected with an independent guide sliding pin 518; the body part of the electromagnetic valve 513 is connected with the slide guide pin 518 corresponding to one seedling dropping plate 510, and the action output end of the electromagnetic valve 513 is connected with the slide guide pin 518 corresponding to the other seedling dropping plate 510; the sliding pins 518 and the corresponding strip-shaped guide grooves 519 form a sliding fit structure, and the electromagnetic valve 513 drives the two seedling dropping plates 510 to generate relative motion to open or close the seedling dropping port 520.

By adopting the structural design, because the electromagnetic valve 513 is not fixed, not only can the two seedling dropping plates 510 be separated at the same time, and the outward extending distance of the seedling dropping plate 510 on one side is prevented from being too large, so as to avoid collision with the first lead screw 402 of the abdicating drilling device 4 part, but also the opening and closing actions of the two seedling dropping plates 510 are controlled by the electromagnetic valve 513, so that the electromagnetic valve 513 can tend to be unfolded along the strip-shaped guide groove 519 at the moment of bouncing open, thereby avoiding sliding and clamping stagnation, so as to ensure that the two seedling dropping plates 510 reach the left and right limit positions, further ensuring that 2 seedlings to be planted 514 on the seedling receiving frame 504 can fall into the same seedling planting pit at the same time, realizing one-time seedling inserting for two seedlings, and ensuring the survival rate of the seedlings to be planted 514. It should be noted that if the seedling dropping plate 510 is opened in only one direction, it is easy to cause a certain seedling 514 to be planted to drop first, and if the seedling dropping port 520 is blocked or stuck by the seedling dropping plate 514 that drops first, this will seriously affect the smooth dropping of the second seedling 514 to be planted.

In order to further improve the automation operation level of the automation seedling planting equipment, a central controller can be additionally arranged, the central controller can adopt microprocessors such as a PLC (programmable logic controller) or a MCU (microprogrammed control unit), and the seedling separating motor 303, the abdicating motor 401, the drilling motor 411, the first electromagnet 501, the electric push rod 502, the second electromagnet 506, the electromagnetic valve 513 and the seedling falling motor 515 are respectively electrically connected with the central controller. The centralized control is carried out by utilizing the central controller, so that the seedling planting efficiency and the operation quality of the automatic seedling planting equipment can be further improved, and the labor intensity of the seedling planting operation can be further reduced.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic seedling separating device is characterized in that: the seedling separating box comprises a seedling separating box (302), a seedling poking wheel (312) and a driving mechanism of the seedling poking wheel, wherein a seedling emergence opening is formed in the seedling separating box (302), and the seedling poking wheel (312) is arranged at the output end of the seedling emergence opening; when carrying out the operation of dividing seedlings, group seedling wheel (312) rotate for dividing seedling case (302) under group seedling wheel actuating mechanism's effect, and utilize group seedling wheel (312) rotate will divide the seedling case (302) in wait to plant the nursery stock and export in proper order through the mouth of emerging.

2. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 1, wherein: still including pushing away seedling mechanism, push away seedling mechanism and install on base (316), group seedling wheel (312) will divide the nursery stock of waiting to plant in seedling case (302) to export in proper order through the mouth of emerging to pushing away seedling mechanism on, again through pushing away seedling mechanism with base (316) received wait to plant the nursery stock with the horizontality output.

3. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 2, wherein: the seedling pushing mechanism comprises a seedling pushing plate (320) and a driving mechanism thereof, and the seedling pushing plate (320) forms horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base (316) under the action of the driving mechanism.

4. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 3, wherein: push away actuating mechanism of seedling board (320) and include crank (318), push away seedling connecting rod (321) and sliding seat (322), push away the relative both ends of seedling connecting rod (321) and form relative pivoted swing joint structure with crank (318), sliding seat (322) respectively, push away seedling board (320) and sliding seat (322) fixed connection, crank (318) make horizontal reciprocating linear motion for base (316) through pushing away seedling connecting rod (321) drive sliding seat (322) in the rotation process.

5. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 4, wherein: crank (318) and dial and set up second grade reduction gearing between seedling wheel (312), second grade reduction gearing include first synchronous pulley (309), second synchronous pulley (310) and third synchronous pulley (315) and fourth synchronous pulley (323), first synchronous pulley (309) and second synchronous pulley (310) between form first order reduction gearing through first hold-in range (306), third synchronous pulley (315) and fourth synchronous pulley (323 between form second grade reduction gearing through second hold-in range (314).

6. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 4, wherein: a movable connecting structure which slides relatively is formed between the sliding seat (322) and the guide sliding rail (319), and the guide sliding rail (319) is fixedly connected with the base (316).

7. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a guide sliding plate (304), wherein the guide sliding plate (304) is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane.

8. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 1, wherein: divide seedling case (302) and dispersion support (313) fixed connection, dispersion support (313) be circular arc structure, and the circular arc part is to dividing seedling case (302) inner chamber protrusion.

9. The automatic seedling separation device according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling separating box (302) is characterized in that a front side plate (305) and a rear side plate (308) are respectively arranged below a seedling emergence opening of the seedling separating box, the front side plate (305) and the rear side plate (308) are oppositely arranged, and a seedling falling shaping channel is formed between the front side plate (305) and the rear side plate (308).

10. The automatic seedling separation device of claim 9, wherein: the front side plate (305) is connected with the buffer plate (307) through a first torsion spring (324), and the nursery stock to be planted in the nursery stock dropping and shaping channel flows out of the nursery stock dropping and shaping channel after pushing the buffer plate (307) open.