CN214430100U - Automatic transplanter for seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic transplanter of seedling. The seedling tray lifting device comprises a front frame and a rear frame, wherein a lifting device for lifting a seedling tray is arranged at the top of the front frame, a push-pull device for transferring the seedling tray to the rear is arranged at the bottom of the lifting device, a left seedling discharging device and a right seedling discharging device are arranged on the rear frame, a conveying device for receiving the seedling tray from the lifting device and transferring the seedling tray to the rear is arranged between the two seedling discharging devices, and a translation device for driving the conveying device to move in a left-right translation manner is also arranged on the rear frame; the top of the rear frame is provided with a support, the left and right sides of the support and the upper part of the lower seedling device are provided with a left group of seedling guide devices and a right group of seedling guide devices, the support is also provided with a transfer device for transferring the seedlings on the seedling tray to the seedling guide devices, and the lower part of the rear frame is provided with a left roller device and a right roller device. The utility model has the advantages of reasonable design, the action is succinct high-efficient, guarantee that the seedling effect of planting, operation continuity are good.

Description

Automatic transplanter for seedlings

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machine equipment, especially, relate to an automatic transplanter of seedling.

Background

In modern agriculture, seeds of crops are cultivated into seedlings in a cultivation room and then planted on the land, and the seedling-planting technology is increasingly popularized, so that the efficiency of agricultural activities is greatly improved, the survival rate of the crops is improved, and the yield of the crops is improved. The seedling transplanter, as an agricultural machine for transplanting the seedlings cultured in the seedling tray into the soil, plays an important role in improving the crop planting efficiency, and is widely applied to modern agriculture.

With the development of the technology, the structural design of agricultural machinery is greatly developed, and various agricultural machinery provides diversified auxiliary functions for agricultural activities and assists people to carry out agricultural activities more efficiently. As an important agricultural machine, the seedling transplanter directly determines the efficiency and the effect of seedling planting agricultural activities according to the advantages and disadvantages of the structural design, the running stability and the perfection of functions.

The existing seedling transplanter has unreasonable structural design and complex actions, and easily causes the problems of seedling clamping, planting deflection and the like in the running process, so that the seedling transplanting efficiency is low, and the seedling transplanting effect is difficult to ensure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides an automatic seedling transplanter which has reasonable structural design, simple and efficient action, good seedling planting effect and good operation continuity and solves the technical problems in the prior art.

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that technical problem that exists among the well-known technique took and be: an automatic seedling transplanter comprises a front frame and a rear frame, wherein a lifting device for lifting a seedling tray is arranged at the top of the front frame, a push-pull device for transferring the seedling tray to the rear is arranged at the bottom of the lifting device, a left seedling discharging device and a right seedling discharging device are arranged on the rear frame, a conveying device for receiving the seedling tray from the lifting device and transferring the seedling tray to the rear is arranged between the two seedling discharging devices, and a translation device for driving the conveying device to move in a left-right translation manner is also arranged on the rear frame; the top of the rear frame is provided with a support, the left and right sides of the support and the upper part of the lower seedling device are provided with a left group of seedling guide devices and a right group of seedling guide devices, the support is also provided with a transfer device for transferring the seedlings on the seedling tray to the seedling guide devices, and the lower part of the rear frame is provided with a left roller device and a right roller device.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model provides an automatic transplanter of seedling that structural design is reasonable compares with current seedling transplanter, the utility model discloses in through setting up elevating gear, realized transferring technological effect to the successive layer that loads the seedling tray that has the seedling. Through setting up push-and-pull device, realized carrying out by the transfer removal technological effect of preceding back to the seedling tray. Through setting up conveyor, realized carrying out by the transfer removal technological effect to the back to the seedling tray. Through setting up transfer device, realized shifting the technological effect who removes to the seedling in the seedling tray. Through setting up the seedling device of leading, realized carrying out the technological effect of direction downwards to the seedling that carries via transfer device. Through setting up seedling device down, realized transferring the technological effect to the seedling. Through setting up roller device, realized the walking control of transplanter, earthing processing and transplant and plant.

The utility model provides a transplanter moves succinctly high-efficient when the operation, moves the dish backward to the seedling tray and carries out the transfer to both sides to the seedling and move the efficiency that the operation of transplanting has been guaranteed, has promoted equipment continuous operation's stability. Through setting up transfer device, leading seedling device and lower seedling device cooperation action, make the seedling obtain reasonable taking to guarantee that the seedling keeps stable and the gesture is correct at the in-process of transplanting and planting, guaranteed the transplanting effect of planting of seedling.

Preferably: the lifting device comprises a bottom frame fixedly connected with the front frame, stand columns are installed at four corners of the bottom frame, an upper chain wheel and a lower chain wheel are installed on the inner side of each stand column, and a chain is arranged between the upper chain wheel and the lower chain wheel; the left and right groups of chain wheels at the upper part are linked by an upper linkage shaft, and the left and right groups of chain wheels at the lower part are linked by a lower linkage shaft; the lifting driving component drives the left and right groups of chains to rotate reversely; the chains are provided with support plates at equal intervals, and the seedling tray is supported by the support plates at four corners.

Preferably: the push-pull device comprises a supporting plate arranged on the bottom framework, a push-pull cylinder is arranged on the supporting plate, and a push plate is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the push-pull cylinder.

Preferably: the transfer device comprises a first swing frame and a second swing frame which are arranged on the support, a left cross rod and a right cross rod are arranged between the first swing frame and the second swing frame, a first pull rod is connected to the side of the first swing frame, a second pull rod is connected to the side of the second swing frame on the same side, and the transfer device further comprises a swing driving assembly which drives the two swing frames to swing left and right through the first pull rod and the second pull rod; the clamping device comprises a plurality of groups of clamping assemblies which are transversely arranged at equal intervals and are respectively arranged on two cross rods, each clamping assembly comprises two clamping cylinders which are arranged on the cross rods and are arranged on a backrest, and a clamping device is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of each clamping cylinder.

Preferably: the seedling guide device comprises a mounting plate fixedly mounted on the support, a plurality of seedling guide sleeves arranged at equal intervals are fixedly mounted on the inner vertical surface of the mounting plate, and the intervals of the seedling guide sleeves are equal to the intervals of the clamping assemblies.

Preferably: the seedling discharging device comprises a bottom plate arranged on the rear frame, a window is arranged on the side part of the bottom plate, a first gear plate is arranged on the rear part of the bottom plate, a second gear plate is arranged on the front part of the bottom plate, a conveying chain is arranged between the two gear plates, a plurality of seedling discharging sleeves are arranged on the conveying chain at equal intervals, and the interval between the seedling discharging sleeves is equal to that between the seedling guiding sleeves; the gear transmission mechanism further comprises a driving motor for driving the first gear disc or the second gear disc.

Preferably: the roller device comprises an inner wheel frame fixed with the rear frame, an outer wheel frame is arranged on the outer side of the inner wheel frame, and a traveling wheel is arranged on the lower part of the outer wheel frame; a group of eccentric wheels are installed on the inner side of the inner wheel frame, a cross beam is installed on the inner side of the eccentric wheels, the front portion of the cross beam is provided with a soil covering wheel, and the rear portion of the cross beam is provided with a planting funnel with an openable bottom.

Preferably: the translation device comprises an inner side supporting beam positioned on the inner side and an outer side supporting beam positioned on the outer side, and a screw rod and a translation motor for driving the screw rod are arranged on the outer side supporting beam; a movable base is arranged on the lead screw, and the conveying device is arranged on the movable base.

Preferably: the conveying device comprises a conveying belt which is fixedly arranged on the movable base and a limiting frame which is arranged above the middle rear part of the conveying belt.

Preferably: the lifting device comprises a lower plate fixed with a conveying belt frame of a conveying belt and an upper plate floating up and down, a plurality of ejector rods are mounted on the upper plate, an oval top support wheel is further arranged between the middle parts of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the lifting device further comprises a lifting motor driving the top support wheel to rotate; the conveyer belt body of conveyer belt divide into a plurality of strips, and the ejector pin is located the gap between two adjacent strips.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device, the transferring device, the seedling guiding device and the conveying device of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device of the present invention, with an upper view;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lifting device of the present invention, with a lower view;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the transfer device, the seedling guide device and the conveying device of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the transfer device, the seedling guide device and the conveying device of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a transfer device according to the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the conveying device of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the seedling discharging device and the roller device of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a seedling planting device of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the roller device according to the present invention, showing an outer side view;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the middle roller device according to the present invention, showing an inner side view.

In the figure:

1. pulling the casing; 2. a front frame; 3. a lifting device; 3-1, a bottom frame; 3-2, a lower linkage shaft; 3-3, a middle shaft seat; 3-4, upright columns; 3-5, a belt; 3-6, a chain; 3-7, an upper linkage shaft; 3-8, chain wheel; 4. seedling trays; 5. a transfer device; 5-1, a first swing frame; 5-2, a first pull rod; 5-3, a clamp holder; 5-4, a second pull rod; 5-5, clamping a cylinder; 5-6, a second swing frame; 5-7, a cross bar; 6. a support; 7. a seedling guide device; 7-1, mounting a plate; 7-2, guiding the seedling sleeve; 8. a rear frame; 9. a seedling discharging device; 9-1, a bottom plate; 9-2, a window; 9-3, a bottom cover; 9-4, putting a seedling sleeve; 9-5, conveying chains; 9-6, a first gear plate; 9-7, a second gear wheel disc; 10. a roller device; 10-1, an outer wheel frame; 10-2, traveling wheels; 10-3, a shifting block; 10-4, soil covering wheels; 10-5, an eccentric wheel; 10-6, an inner wheel frame; 10-7, planting a funnel; 10-8, a spring; 11. a translation device; 11-1, a screw rod; 11-2, moving the base; 11-3, an outer side support beam; 11-4, a translation motor; 11-5, inner side supporting beams; 12. a conveying device; 12-1, a conveyer belt; 12-2, a limit frame; 13. a push-pull device; 13-1, a supporting plate; 13-2, push-pull air cylinders; 13-3, pushing plate; 14. and (4) a jacking device.

Detailed Description

For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the automatic seedling transplanter of the present invention includes a front frame 2 and a rear frame 8, wherein the rear portion of the front frame 2 is fixedly connected to the front portion of the rear frame 8 to form an integral chassis frame. The seedling transplanter adopts traction equipment such as an agricultural tractor and the like to drag and move forwards to complete the transplanting operation of seedlings.

A lifting device 3 for lifting the seedling tray 4 is installed on the top of the front frame 2, and a push-pull device 13 for transferring the seedling tray 4 to the rear is installed on the bottom of the lifting device 3. The seedling tray 4 loaded with seedlings is placed on the lifting device 3 tray by tray, vertically moves downward on the lifting device 3, moves to the bottom, and then moves backward via the push-pull device 13.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, it can be seen that:

the lifting device 3 comprises a bottom frame 3-1 fixedly connected with the front frame 2, upright posts 3-4 are arranged at four corners of the bottom frame 3-1, an upper chain wheel 3-8 and a lower chain wheel 3-8 are arranged on the inner side of each upright post 3-4, and a chain 3-6 is arranged between the upper chain wheel 3-8 and the lower chain wheel 3-8.

The left and right groups of chain wheels 3-8 at the upper part are linked by an upper linkage shaft 3-7, and the left and right groups of chain wheels 3-8 at the lower part are linked by a lower linkage shaft 3-2. As shown in the figure, two ends of an upper linkage shaft 3-7 are arranged at the upper end of a corresponding upright post 3-4 through shaft seats, two ends of a lower linkage shaft 3-2 are arranged at the lower end of the corresponding upright post 3-4 through shaft seats, in order to improve the stability of operation, middle shaft seats 3-3 are arranged at the middle positions of two sides of a front frame 2, and the middle parts of the two lower linkage shafts 3-2 are respectively arranged in the two middle shaft seats 3-3. Therefore, the upper and lower link shafts 3-7 and 3-2 on the left side rotate in synchronization, and the upper and lower link shafts 3-7 and 3-2 on the right side rotate in synchronization.

The lifting driving component drives the left and right groups of chains 3-6 to rotate reversely; the chains 3-6 are provided with support plates at equal intervals, and the seedling tray 4 is supported by the support plates at four corners.

In this embodiment, the lifting driving assembly includes a driving motor, a driving pulley is installed at an end of one of the upper linking shafts 3-7, a driven gear is installed at an end of the other upper linking shaft 3-7 on the same side, a base is installed between middle upper portions of the two front vertical columns 3-4, a driving gear engaged with the driven gear is installed on the base, a coaxial driven pulley is installed on the driving gear, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a belt 3-5.

The driving motor drives the driving belt pulley to rotate, so that the upper linkage shaft 3-7 and the lower linkage shaft 3-2 on the left side and the upper linkage shaft 3-7 and the lower linkage shaft 3-2 on the right side rotate in opposite directions, and the seedling tray 4 positioned between the left and right groups of chains 3-6 can move up and down. Specifically, the support plates are rectangular metal plates and are fixedly arranged on the chain sections of the chains 3-6 in a welding mode, and the distance between two adjacent support plates on the same chain 3-6 is slightly larger than the thickness of the seedling tray 4.

The seedling tray 4 is made of plastic and is obtained by adopting an injection molding process and integral injection molding. A plurality of containing holes arranged in a matrix form are arranged on the tray body of the seedling tray 4, and seedlings with soil balls fall into the containing holes.

The push-pull device 13 comprises a supporting plate 13-1 arranged on the bottom frame 3-1, a push-pull cylinder 13-2 is arranged on the supporting plate 13-1, and a push plate 13-3 is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the push-pull cylinder 13-2. Under the driving action of the push-pull air cylinder 13-2, the push plate 13-3 makes reciprocating movement, as shown in the figure, when the piston rod retracts, the push plate 13-3 drives the seedling tray 4 to move backwards, the piston rod extends out again after the piston rod moves in place until the push plate 13-3 resets to the initial position, and the next seedling tray 4 moves to the back of the push plate 13-3 to prepare for pushing backwards next time.

Two sets of left and right seedling lowering devices 9 are mounted on the rear frame 8, a conveying device 12 for receiving the seedling tray 4 from the lifting device 3 and transferring the seedling tray 4 to the rear is mounted between the two sets of seedling lowering devices 9, and a translation device 11 for driving the conveying device 12 to move in a left-right translation manner is further mounted on the rear frame 8.

As described above, when the push-pull unit 13 transfers the seedling tray 4 on the lifting unit 3 to the rear, the seedling tray 4 is transferred to the transfer unit 12. The seedling tray 4 stays on the conveying device 12, after seedlings are taken, the empty seedling tray 4 continues to move to the rear of the transplanter under the action of the conveying device 12 and is finally discharged from the rear of the transplanter, a receiving basket of the seedling tray 4 can be arranged at the rear of the transplanter, the empty seedling tray 4 is discharged from the rear of the transplanter and falls into the receiving basket, and the empty seedling tray 4 is put into use again after being collected to form circulation.

Translation device 11 is used for driving conveyor 12 and makes left and right translation removal, because the seedling tray 4 that loads the seedling is located conveyor 12 and its seedling is taken during keeping somewhere on conveyor 12, consequently through the horizontal position of translation device 11 control conveyor 12 and seedling tray 4, can promote the degree of accuracy of seedling place position, and the seedling on the seedling tray 4 of being convenient for is taken away smoothly.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 8, the translation device 11 includes an inner support beam 11-5 at an inner side and an outer support beam 11-3 at an outer side, and a lead screw 11-1 and a translation motor 11-4 driving the lead screw 11-1 are mounted on the outer support beam 11-3; a movable base 11-2 is arranged on the screw rod 11-1, and a conveying device 12 is arranged on the movable base 11-2. Under the driving action of the translation motor 11-4, the screw rod 11-1 rotates forward or reversely, and accordingly the base 11-2 moves left or right to drive the conveying device 12 to move left or right.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 8, the conveyor 12 includes a conveyor belt 12-1 mounted on a moving base 11-2 and a check frame 12-2 mounted above the middle rear portion of the conveyor belt 12-1. Specifically, the conveyor belt 12-1 includes a conveyor belt frame on which two front and rear conveyor belt rollers are mounted, a conveyor belt body provided between the two conveyor belt rollers, and a motor that drives one of the conveyor belt rollers. The conveying belt frame is composed of two opposite conveying belt side plates, the front conveying belt roller and the rear conveying belt roller are arranged between the front parts and the rear parts of the two conveying belt side plates, and the rear parts of the two conveying belt side plates are fixedly arranged on the movable base 11-2, so that the whole conveying belt 12-1 follows the movable base 11-2. The limit frame 12-2 is a door-shaped frame, two sides of the limit frame are fixedly connected with the left and right side plates of the conveyer belt 12-1, when the seedling tray 4 is transferred to the conveyer 12, the rear edge of the limit frame 12-2 is positioned in the limit frame, so that the seedling tray 4 is prevented from shifting in the process of taking seedlings.

In order to improve the stability of the conveyor 12 during movement, an outer rail may be provided on the inner side of the outer support beam 11-3 and an inner rail may be provided on the outer side of the inner support beam 11-5, a front rail wheel may be mounted on the front portion of the belt frame of the conveyor 12-1, and a rear rail wheel may be mounted on the rear portion of the belt frame, the front rail wheel moving along the inner rail and the rear rail wheel moving along the outer rail.

The seedling dropping device 9 is used to transfer the seedlings downward, and as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the seedling dropping device 9 includes a bottom plate 9-1 installed on the rear frame 8, a window 9-2 is provided at a side of the bottom plate 9-1, the bottom plate 9-1 serves as a support plate of the accessory part, and the seedlings drop through the window 9-2. A first gear wheel disc 9-6 is arranged at the rear part of the bottom plate 9-1, a second gear wheel disc 9-7 is arranged at the front part of the bottom plate, a conveying chain 9-5 is arranged between the two gear wheel discs, a plurality of seedling discharging sleeves 9-4 are arranged on the conveying chain 9-5 at equal intervals, and specifically, the side parts of the seedling discharging sleeves 9-4 are fixedly connected with chain flaps of the conveying chain 9-5.

And the driving motor is used for driving the first gear wheel 9-6 or the second gear wheel 9-7. Under the driving action of the driving motor, the gear disc drives the conveying chain 9-5 to move, so that the seedling discharging sleeves 9-4 circularly move, seedlings fall into the seedling discharging sleeves 9-4 one by one from the upper part, and when the seedling discharging sleeves 9-4 pass through the windows 9-2, the internal seedlings are separated from the seedling discharging sleeves 9-4 and fall under the action of self gravity.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, the top of the seedling discharging sleeve 9-4 is flared to facilitate the seedling to fall into the sleeve, the bottom opening of the seedling discharging sleeve 9-4 is in the shape of a bevel, and a bottom cover 9-3 is hinged to the bottom opening of the seedling discharging sleeve 9-4, when the seedling discharging sleeve 9-4 moves circularly (clockwise rotation as shown in fig. 10), the bottom cover 9-3 slides on the surface of the bottom plate 9-1, so that the bottom opening of the seedling discharging sleeve 9-4 is kept in a closed state, when the seedling discharging sleeve 9-4 passes through the window 9-2, the bottom cover 9-3 is not blocked any more, so that the bottom cover 9-3 can be opened downwards to release the seedling in the sleeve, and after the current seedling discharging sleeve 9-4 passes through the window 9-2, the bottom cover 9-3 is closed again.

On top of the rear frame 8 is mounted a bracket 6, which bracket 6 comprises two portal frames, front and rear, as shown in the figure. Two sets of left and right seedling guide devices 7 are arranged on the left and right sides of the bracket 6 and above the seedling discharging devices 9, and a transfer device 5 for transferring the seedlings on the seedling tray 4 to the seedling guide devices 7 is also arranged on the bracket 6. The transfer device 5 takes out the seedlings in the seedling tray 4 on the conveying device 12 and puts the seedlings into the seedling guide device 7, and the seedlings smoothly fall down and enter the seedling discharge sleeve 9-4 of the seedling discharge device 9 below under the guiding action of the seedling guide device 7.

As shown in figures 5 and 6, the seedling guiding device 7 comprises a mounting plate 7-1 which is fixedly mounted on the bracket 6, and a plurality of seedling guiding sleeves 7-2 which are arranged at equal intervals are fixedly mounted on the inner vertical surface of the mounting plate 7-1. The transfer device 5 transfers the seedlings in the seedling tray 4 to each seedling guide sleeve 7-2, and the seedlings vertically fall along the direction limited by the seedling guide sleeves 7-2, so that the seedlings can smoothly fall into the lower seedling sleeve 9-4.

Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, it can be seen that:

the transfer device 5 comprises a first swing frame 5-1 and a second swing frame 5-6 which are arranged on a support 6, a left cross rod 5-7 and a right cross rod 5-7 are arranged between the first swing frame 5-1 and the second swing frame, a first pull rod 5-2 is connected to the side of the first swing frame 5-1, a second pull rod 5-4 is connected to the side of the second swing frame 5-6 at the same side, and the first pull rod 5-2 and the second pull rod 5-4 are respectively composed of a long pull rod and a short pull rod.

The first swing frame 5-1 and the front portal frame, the second swing frame 5-6 and the rear portal frame respectively form a four-bar linkage, the two four-bar linkages and the left and right cross bars 5-7 form a frame capable of swinging left and right, and the plane where the two cross bars 5-7 are located is kept horizontal in the swinging process (the height of the plane is changed in the swinging process of the frame).

The swing mechanism further comprises a swing driving component which drives the two swing frames to swing left and right through the first pull rod 5-2 and the second pull rod 5-4, and under the driving action of the swing driving component, the first pull rod 5-2 and the second pull rod 5-4 synchronously drive the frames to swing left and right. Specifically, the swing driving assembly comprises a driving motor arranged on the support 6, a driving wheel is arranged on a motor shaft of the driving motor, and the end parts of small pull rods of the first pull rod 5-2 and the second pull rod 5-4 are respectively hinged with the edges of the two driving wheels. When the device runs, the driving motor drives the driving wheel to rotate at a constant speed, the small pull rod pulls the large pull rod to move, and the two large pull rods synchronously pull the frame to move to form periodic swinging motion.

The two cross rods 5-7 are respectively provided with a plurality of groups of clamping components which are transversely arranged at equal intervals, each clamping component comprises two clamping cylinders 5-5 (the rear parts of the cylinder bodies of the two clamping cylinders are in butt joint connection) which are arranged on the cross rods 5-7 and are arranged against each other, and the end parts of the piston rods of the clamping cylinders 5-5 are provided with clamps 5-3. As shown in the figure, the clamp 5-3 comprises a strip-shaped clamp plate, the lower end of the clamp plate is in an arc shape matched with the seedling ball, and the upper end of the clamp plate is fixedly connected with the end part of a piston rod of the clamping cylinder 5-5. The two clamping cylinders 5-5 act synchronously, piston rods of the two clamping cylinders extend outwards synchronously, when the piston rods extend synchronously, the distance between the two clamping plates is increased, the clamping devices 5-3 release seedlings, when the piston rods shrink synchronously, the distance between the two clamping plates is reduced, and the clamping devices 5-3 clamp the seedlings.

The distance between the seedling feeding sleeves 9-4 is equal to the distance between the seedling guide sleeves 7-2, and the distance between the seedling guide sleeves 7-2 is equal to the distance between the clamping assemblies.

The lower part of the rear frame 8 is provided with a left roller device and a right roller device 10, and the roller devices 10 realize the walking of the whole machine and the planting and earthing operations.

Referring to fig. 9, 11 and 12, it can be seen that:

the roller device 10 comprises an inner wheel frame 10-6 fixed with the rear frame 8, an outer wheel frame 10-1 is arranged on the outer side of the inner wheel frame 10-6, a walking wheel 10-2 is arranged on the lower portion of the outer wheel frame 10-1, and when the transplanter is pulled and moved, the two walking wheels 10-2 roll on the planted ground.

A group of eccentric wheels 10-5 are arranged on the inner side of the inner wheel frame 10-6, a beam is arranged on the inner side of the eccentric wheels 10-5, a soil covering wheel 10-4 is arranged on the front part of the beam, and a planting funnel 10-7 with a bottom capable of being opened and closed is arranged on the rear part of the beam. As shown in the figure, a front driven sprocket and a rear driven sprocket are installed at the middle front part of the inner wheel frame 10-6, a transmission chain is arranged between the two sprockets, and another driving sprocket is installed at the front part of the inner wheel frame 10-6, is coaxial with the traveling wheel 10-2 and is in transmission connection with the transmission chain, so that when the traveling wheel 10-2 rolls on the ground, the driving sprocket drives the two driven sprockets to rotate through the transmission chain.

The centers of the front eccentric wheel 10-5 and the rear eccentric wheel 10-5 are coaxially arranged with the two driven chain wheels, the two eccentric wheels 10-5 are provided with supporting rods, and the front end and the rear end of the cross beam are connected with the two supporting rods through rotating shafts. Thus, when the two driven chain wheels rotate synchronously, the beam and the accessory parts thereof perform combined lifting movement and back-and-forth movement. When the beam carries the soil covering wheel 10-4 and the planting funnel 10-7 to descend to the low position, the soil covering wheel 10-4 contacts with the planting ground to generate soil covering effect, loose soil is gathered into piles, the planting funnel 10-7 is downwards inserted into the soil to form a planting hole, and seedlings fall into the planting hole.

As shown in the figure, the soil covering wheel 10-4 comprises a wheel bracket which is fixedly arranged below the front end of the cross beam, a pressing wheel which is arranged in a V shape is arranged at the lower end of the wheel bracket, when the soil covering wheel 10-4 is in contact with soil and rolls on the soil, the soil is squeezed towards the space between the pressing wheels to form a relatively compact planting ridge, and a planting funnel 10-7 at the rear part is inserted downwards to form a planting hole.

As shown in the figure, the planting funnel 10-7 comprises a funnel body which is positioned at the upper part and fixed with the rear end of the cross beam, the lower part of the funnel body is hinged with a front flap and a rear flap, seedlings fall from a window 9-2 at the upper part and enter the funnel body, and when the two flaps are opened, the seedlings are separated from the planting funnel 10-7 and enter the planting holes.

The roller device 10 is also provided with an opening component for operating the bottom opening of the planting funnel 10-7, the two petals comprise a fixed petal fixed with the funnel body and a movable petal hinged with the bottom of the funnel body, and the bottom opening control of the planting funnel 10-7 is realized by controlling the movable petals to do outward opening movement. As shown in figure 11, a cam coaxial with the driven sprocket at the front part and a shifting block 10-3 pressed by the cam are also arranged at the front part of the inner wheel frame 10-6 (the shifting block 10-3 is hinged with the front part of the inner wheel frame 10-6), the shifting block 10-3 is connected with the movable flap through a steel wire (the front part of the steel wire is bent to bypass the inner wheel frame 10-6 and the funnel body of the planting funnel 10-7), thus when the shifting block 10-3 periodically swings, the steel wire produces a drawing effect on the movable flap to realize corresponding opening and closing control.

In the embodiment, in order to ensure the reliability of the opening and closing action of the bottom of the planting funnel 10-7, a spring 10-8 can be arranged between the fixed flap and the movable flap to provide reset elastic force for the closing of the two flaps.

Considering that the seedling is transferred by the transfer device 5 and the seedling is reliably held by the clamp holders 5-3, the soil balls of the seedling fall into the accommodating holes on the seedling tray 4, so that the soil balls are separated from the accommodating holes by lifting the seedling for a certain distance, and the soil balls of the seedling are favorably grabbed by the clamp holders 5-3.

Therefore, the present embodiment also includes a lifting device 14 for lifting up the seedlings in the seedling tray 4 on the conveying device 12. Specifically, the jacking device 14 includes a lower plate fixed to the conveyor belt frame of the conveyor belt 12-1 and an upper plate floating up and down, a plurality of ejector pins are mounted on the upper plate (the distance between the ejector pins is equal to the distance between two adjacent accommodating holes), an elliptical jacking wheel is further disposed between the middle portions of the upper plate and the lower plate, and a jacking motor for driving the jacking wheel to rotate is further included. Under the drive of the jacking motor, the oval jacking wheel rotates at a constant speed, the upper plate is jacked to a certain height, the upper plate and the jacking rod of the upper plate reset under the action of self gravity, in order to ensure reliable resetting, a reset spring can be arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, when the distance between the upper plate and the lower plate increases, the reset spring stretches, otherwise, the reset spring contracts.

The conveyor belt body of the conveyor belt 12-1 is divided into a plurality of strips (gaps are formed between two adjacent strips), and the ejector rods are positioned in the gaps between the two adjacent strips. Like this, when the upper plate rose, the ejector pin moved up and inserted in the holding of top seedling tray 4 downtheholely, got up the seedling and the soil ball jacking in the holding hole, and the transfer device 5 of being convenient for like this is taken the seedling.

The working process is as follows:

the transplanter adopts a dragging device for dragging movement, each driving motor is connected to an electric controller of the dragging device through a lead wire, and each air cylinder is connected to an air channel controller of the dragging device through an air pipe;

manually placing the seedling trays 4 loaded with seedlings on the lifting device 3 one by one, wherein the seedling trays 4 move from top to bottom on the lifting device 3; the push-pull device 13 transfers the seedling tray 4 at the lowest layer backwards onto the conveying device 12;

the transfer device 5 swings left and right, the translation device 11 drives the conveying device 12 to carry the seedling tray 4 to move transversely left and right, the transverse movement left and right is matched with the movement of the transfer device 5, the movement is in a stepping type movement mode, the distance between two adjacent containing holes on one seedling tray 4 is moved each time, the transfer device 5 takes one row of seedlings, conveys the seedlings to the left seedling guide device 7 on the left side leftwards, takes the other row of seedlings, and conveys the seedlings to the right seedling guide device 7 on the right side rightwards;

the seedling guiding device 7 guides and conveys the seedlings downwards to the seedling discharging device 9, and the seedling discharging device conveys the seedlings downwards to the planting hopper 10-7 one by one in the operation process; in the walking process of the transplanter, the planting funnel 10-7 and the soil covering wheel 10-4 of the roller device 10 finish the one-by-one equal-interval planting of seedlings;

after the seedlings in the seedling trays 4 on the conveying device 12 are taken out, the conveying device 12 moves the empty seedling trays 4 to the rear part and discharges the empty seedlings from the rear part of the transplanter.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic transplanter of seedling, characterized by: the seedling tray lifting device comprises a front frame (2) and a rear frame (8), wherein a lifting device (3) for lifting a seedling tray (4) is installed at the top of the front frame (2), a push-pull device (13) for transferring the seedling tray (4) to the rear is installed at the bottom of the lifting device (3), a left seedling device and a right seedling device (9) are installed on the rear frame (8), a conveying device (12) for receiving the seedling tray (4) from the lifting device (3) and transferring the seedling tray (4) to the rear is installed between the two seedling devices (9), and a translation device (11) for driving the conveying device (12) to move in a left-right translation manner is also installed on the rear frame (8); a support (6) is installed at the top of the rear frame (8), a left group of seedling guide devices (7) and a right group of seedling guide devices (7) are installed on the left side and the right side of the support (6) and above the seedling discharge devices (9), a transfer device (5) for transferring seedlings on the seedling tray (4) to the seedling guide devices (7) is further installed on the support (6), and a left roller device and a right roller device (10) are installed on the lower portion of the rear frame (8).

2. The automatic seedling transplanter according to claim 1, wherein: the lifting device (3) comprises a bottom frame (3-1) fixedly connected with the front frame (2), upright posts (3-4) are arranged at four corners of the bottom frame (3-1), an upper chain wheel (3-8) and a lower chain wheel (3-8) are arranged on the inner side of each upright post (3-4), and a chain (3-6) is arranged between the upper chain wheel (3) and the lower chain wheel (8); the left and right groups of chain wheels (3-8) at the upper part are linked by an upper linkage shaft (3-7), and the left and right groups of chain wheels (3-8) at the lower part are linked by a lower linkage shaft (3-2); the lifting driving component drives the left and right groups of chains (3-6) to rotate reversely; the chains (3-6) are provided with support plates at equal intervals, and the seedling tray (4) is supported by the support plates at the four corners.

3. The automatic seedling transplanter according to claim 2, wherein: the push-pull device (13) comprises a supporting plate (13-1) arranged on the bottom frame (3-1), a push-pull cylinder (13-2) is arranged on the supporting plate (13-1), and a push plate (13-3) is arranged at the end part of a piston rod of the push-pull cylinder (13-2).

4. The automatic seedling transplanter as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the transfer device (5) comprises a first swing frame (5-1) and a second swing frame (5-6) which are arranged on a support (6), a left cross rod and a right cross rod (5-7) are arranged between the first swing frame and the second swing frame, a first pull rod (5-2) is connected to the side of the first swing frame (5-1), a second pull rod (5-4) is connected to the side of the second swing frame (5-6) at the same side, and the transfer device further comprises a swing driving component which drives the two swing frames to swing left and right through the first pull rod (5-2) and the second pull rod (5-4); a plurality of groups of clamping components which are transversely arranged at equal intervals are respectively arranged on the two cross rods (5-7), each clamping component comprises two clamping cylinders (5-5) which are arranged on the cross rods (5-7) and are arranged against the back, and the end parts of the piston rods of the clamping cylinders (5-5) are provided with clamping devices (5-3).

5. The automatic seedling transplanter as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the seedling guide device (7) comprises a mounting plate (7-1) which is fixedly mounted on the support (6), a plurality of seedling guide sleeves (7-2) which are arranged at equal intervals are fixedly mounted on the inner vertical surface of the mounting plate (7-1), and the intervals of the seedling guide sleeves (7-2) are equal to the intervals of the clamping assemblies.

6. The automatic seedling transplanter as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the seedling discharging device (9) comprises a bottom plate (9-1) arranged on a rear frame (8), a window (9-2) is arranged on the side of the bottom plate (9-1), a first gear plate (9-6) is arranged at the rear part of the bottom plate (9-1), a second gear plate (9-7) is arranged at the front part of the bottom plate, a conveying chain (9-5) is arranged between the two gear plates, a plurality of seedling discharging sleeves (9-4) are arranged on the conveying chain (9-5) at equal intervals, and the interval between the seedling discharging sleeves (9-4) is equal to that between the seedling guiding sleeves (7-2); the gear transmission mechanism also comprises a driving motor for driving the first gear disc (9-6) or the second gear disc (9-7).

7. The automatic seedling transplanter according to claim 6, wherein: the roller device (10) comprises an inner wheel frame (10-6) fixed with the rear frame (8), an outer wheel frame (10-1) is installed on the outer side of the inner wheel frame (10-6), and a traveling wheel (10-2) is installed on the lower portion of the outer wheel frame (10-1); a group of eccentric wheels (10-5) are arranged on the inner side of the inner wheel frame (10-6), a beam is arranged on the inner side of the eccentric wheels (10-5), a soil covering wheel (10-4) is arranged on the front part of the beam, and a planting funnel (10-7) with an openable bottom is arranged on the rear part of the beam.

8. The automatic seedling transplanter according to claim 7, wherein: the translation device (11) comprises an inner side supporting beam (11-5) positioned on the inner side and an outer side supporting beam (11-3) positioned on the outer side, and a screw rod (11-1) and a translation motor (11-4) for driving the screw rod (11-1) are mounted on the outer side supporting beam (11-3); a movable base (11-2) is arranged on the screw rod (11-1), and a conveying device (12) is arranged on the movable base (11-2).

9. The automatic seedling transplanter according to claim 8, wherein: the conveying device (12) comprises a conveying belt (12-1) which is fixedly arranged on the movable base (11-2) and a limiting frame (12-2) which is arranged above the middle rear part of the conveying belt (12-1).

10. The automatic seedling transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the lifting device (14) is used for lifting the seedlings in the seedling tray (4) on the conveying device (12) upwards, the lifting device (14) comprises a lower plate fixed with a conveying belt framework of the conveying belt (12-1) and an upper plate floating up and down, a plurality of ejector rods are mounted on the upper plate, an oval jacking wheel is arranged between the middle parts of the upper plate and the lower plate, and the lifting device also comprises a lifting motor driving the jacking wheel to rotate; the conveying belt body of the conveying belt (12-1) is divided into a plurality of belts, and the ejector rods are positioned in gaps between every two adjacent belts.

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