CN220528568U - Automatic seedling taking and separating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic seedling taking and dividing device, which comprises a cross rod and a plurality of clamping jaws controlled by a clamping cylinder, wherein each clamping jaw is arranged on the bottom surface of the cross rod in a sliding manner and is used for separating and combining seedlings through a linkage structure; the movable frame is arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed plate in a sliding way, a lifting cylinder with a piston rod downwards is arranged on the movable frame, and two ends of the cross rod are respectively connected with the movable frame in a vertical sliding way; sliding vertical plates are symmetrically arranged behind the movable frame, guide posts extend upwards from the upper ends of the sliding vertical plates, two guide grooves are symmetrically arranged on the fixed plates, lifting grooves are vertically arranged at the lower ends of the sliding vertical plates, pull plates are vertically connected in a sliding mode, and the two pull plates are correspondingly connected with clamping jaws at the head end and the tail end; the top surface of the fixed plate is rotatably provided with a driving shaft, the other end of the driving shaft is provided with two cam blocks, and the top surface of the fixed plate is provided with two limit switches which are correspondingly and electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve of the lifting cylinder and the electromagnetic valve of the clamping cylinder. The utility model can realize automatic seedling taking and seedling dividing and has high efficiency.

Description

Automatic seedling taking and separating device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to an automatic seedling taking and separating device.

Background

At present, with the continuous development of agriculture in China, the pot seedling technology is widely used, and by using the technology, plant seedlings can effectively avoid the influence of severe weather such as low temperature strong wind and the like, and the survival rate and yield of plants are greatly improved.

At present, when the seedling taking device of the pot seedling transplanting machine is used for taking seedlings, after the pot seedlings are clamped by the seedling taking claw, the seedling taking claw is opened when the seedling throwing port of the seedling separating box to be matched moves to a proper position for keeping stable clamping and accurate in preparation for throwing the seedlings, and is matched with an electric control system for realizing accurate control, so that the interval time required by each step is prolonged, the time for stopping between each action step is longer, the error of the control system is caused, the step matching error of each component is caused, the integral action of the seedling taking and throwing mechanism is unsmooth and discontinuous, and the seedling taking and seedling separating actions are finished.

Therefore, the seedling taking device used by the existing pot seedling transplanting machine has the following defects in the actual use process: the electric control system has the problems of high cost, complex mechanism, easy occurrence of the problems of unsmooth action of the seedling taking and placing component, lower operation efficiency and the like, and the seedling taking and separating speed can not be adaptively adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the practicability is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides an automatic seedling taking and separating device.

The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:

the automatic seedling taking and dividing device comprises a cross rod and a plurality of clamping jaws controlled by a clamping cylinder, wherein each clamping jaw is arranged on the bottom surface of the cross rod in a linear sliding manner and completes the actions of separating and dividing seedlings and combining and taking seedlings through a linkage structure; the lifting cylinder is arranged on the movable frame, the piston rod of which is downwards arranged on the movable frame and is connected with the middle part of the cross rod through the mounting seat, and the two ends of the cross rod are respectively connected with the movable frame in a vertical sliding manner; two sliding vertical plates capable of sliding left and right on the movable frame are symmetrically arranged at the rear of the movable frame, guide posts extend upwards at the upper end of each sliding vertical plate, two guide grooves which are symmetrically arranged and respectively matched with the two guide posts are formed in the fixed plate, lifting grooves are vertically formed in the lower ends of the two sliding vertical plates, pull plates are vertically and slidably connected in the lifting grooves, and clamping jaws at the head end and the tail end are respectively and correspondingly connected through bending; the top surface of fixed plate passes through the support and rotates and install the drive shaft that one end is connected actuating mechanism, and two cam blocks are installed to the other end interval of drive shaft, and cam block corresponds to match and correspond two limit switches that are connected with lifting cylinder's solenoid valve and clamping cylinder's solenoid valve electricity are installed to the top surface of fixed plate.

Further, the rail groove is offered along length direction to the bottom of horizontal pole, and every clamping jaw is all installed on the mounting panel of a Z shape through fixing bolt, and every mounting panel all is provided with the location slide bar perpendicularly at the horizontal pole rear, and every mounting panel all rotates and installs the guide pulley of spacing in rail groove and rail groove roll connection.

The rail groove is offered to the bottom of horizontal pole, and the guide pulley of rotation installation on the mounting panel of clamping jaw through the Z shape realizes that the clamping jaw slides in the horizontal pole bottom with the rail groove cooperation, and the positioning slide bar of mounting panel setting at the horizontal pole rear is used for being connected with the linkage structure, realizes the linkage between a plurality of clamping jaws.

Further, the linkage structure comprises two long connecting plates arranged behind the cross rod and two short connecting plates arranged in front of the cross rod, a connecting hole is formed in the middle point of each long connecting plate, two through long grooves are symmetrically formed in the middle point of each long connecting plate and are symmetrically formed with respect to the connecting hole, one through short groove is formed in each short connecting plate, and the two short connecting plates are connected between the head end clamping jaw and a fixing bolt of an adjacent clamping jaw and between the tail end clamping jaw and a fixing bolt of an adjacent clamping jaw through the short grooves respectively; the two long connecting plates are connected to the positioning slide bars of the two clamping jaw mounting plates through connecting holes, and the positioning slide bars of the other clamping jaw mounting plates are arranged in the long strip grooves.

The linkage mechanism comprises a long connecting plate and a short connecting plate, the short connecting plate connects a head end clamping jaw with an adjacent clamping jaw and connects a tail end clamping jaw with an adjacent clamping jaw, the long connecting plate connects the rest clamping jaws in series, the clamping jaws can be driven to separate or combine by utilizing the head end clamping jaw and the tail end clamping jaw respectively through the opposite movement and the backward movement of the sliding vertical plate, and then the clamping jaws are controlled to clamp and release seedlings by matching with the clamping cylinder, so that linkage matching between the clamping jaws is realized.

Further, the swing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a swing rod, the rotating shaft vertically penetrates through the fixed plate, the upper end of the rotating shaft is vertically in transmission connection with the driving shaft through the transmission gear box, the lower end of the rotating shaft is vertically connected with one end of the swing rod, and the other end of the swing rod is hinged with the center of the top of the movable frame through a connecting rod.

The power of the driving shaft is transferred to the rotating shaft through the transmission gear box, the rotating shaft rotates to drive the swinging rod to swing, and the swinging rotation pulls the connecting rod to drive the movable frame to move forwards and backwards.

Further, the guide grooves are splayed, each guide groove comprises a guide chute and a guide transverse groove, and the joint of the guide chute and the guide transverse groove is in smooth transition.

The guide way comprises a guide chute and a guide transverse groove, the whole guide groove is splayed, a sliding vertical plate at the rear part of the movable frame is matched with a third guide rail and a slide vertical plate which are transversely arranged on the movable frame to slide and limit through the guide limit of the guide groove, the two sliding vertical plates can be controlled to move in opposite directions and move in opposite directions respectively, and then each clamping jaw is pulled to divide seedlings and take the seedlings.

Further, the driving mechanism is a travelling wheel of the transplanting vehicle, the travelling wheel is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a chain and a chain wheel, and the main shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft and the seedling cup conveying mechanism through a transmission gear box and a transmission shaft respectively.

The power of the travelling wheel can be synchronized to the seedling cup conveying mechanism and the driving shaft, so that the power is synchronously distributed, automatic matching is realized according to the speed of the travelling wheel when the seedling taking and dividing actions are convenient, the error rate is effectively reduced, and the efficiency is improved.

Further, the left end and the right end of the bottom surface of the fixed plate are provided with first guide rails which are parallel to each other along the front-back direction, and the top of the movable frame is provided with a first sliding seat which is matched with the first guide rails in a sliding manner.

The bottom surface left and right sides of fixed plate sets up first guide rail, and the top of removing the frame sets up first slide, first guide rail and first slide sliding connection play the direction limiting displacement to removing the frame.

Further, two second sliding seats symmetrical to the lifting air cylinder are vertically arranged on the movable frame, and second guide rails in sliding fit with the second sliding seats are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of the cross rod.

The movable frame is provided with a second sliding seat, two ends of the cross rod are correspondingly provided with vertical second guide rails, the second guide rails are in sliding fit with the second sliding seat, and the cross rod is vertically guided and limited, so that the cross rod is matched with the lifting cylinder conveniently.

Further, a plurality of weight reducing grooves are formed in the fixing plate.

A plurality of weight reduction grooves are formed in the fixing plate, so that the weight of the fixing plate can be effectively reduced, and the portability of the equipment is maintained.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

according to the seedling picking and dividing mechanism, the driving shaft drives the rotating shaft to drive the movable frame to reciprocate back and forth, then the movable frame moves forward and pushes the cross rod and the clamping jaws at the bottom of the cross rod downwards to descend to a seedling tray through the lifting cylinders, the clamping cylinders control the clamping jaws to clamp the seedlings, then the movable frame moves backward, the lifting cylinders pull the cross rod and the clamping jaws at the bottom of the cross rod upwards to drive the seedlings to ascend, under limit fit of the guide grooves and the guide columns, the two sliding vertical plates can be utilized to drive the clamping jaws to move away from each other and slide to the position above the seedling cups respectively through the back-to-back motion fit linkage mechanisms, and the clamping cylinders control the clamping jaws to loosen the seedlings through signals of the limit switches. The actions of all parts are coordinated and coherent during the seedling taking and throwing operation, so that the seedling taking and throwing machine is smooth and high in efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that the operation is simpler and more convenient, the wheel speed of the transplanting machine is self-adaptively matched to the completion speed of each part, the fault rate of seedling taking and seedling dividing is greatly reduced, an electric control system is not required to be additionally arranged to realize accurate seedling clamping and seedling dividing, the cost is greatly reduced, the mechanical structure is simpler and more durable, the transmission is accurate, the installation and maintenance are easy, the safety and the labor saving are realized, and the simplicity and the high efficiency are realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a rear view of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a linkage structure behind a cross bar in the present utility model.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the connection between the clamping jaw, the mounting plate and the pulling plate in the present utility model.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the sliding riser of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the swing structure and the driving shaft in the present utility model.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the use state of the utility model.

The figure shows:

1. the seedling cup conveying mechanism comprises a fixing plate, 2, a guide groove, 3, a driving shaft, 4, a transmission gear box, 5, a limit switch, 6, a cam block, 7, a weight reduction groove, 8, a guide transverse groove, 9, a guide post, 10, a moving frame, 11, a second guide rail, 12, a lifting groove, 13, a pull plate, 14, a lifting cylinder, 15, a clamping jaw, 16, a sliding vertical plate, 17, a cross rod, 18, a second sliding seat, 19, a third sliding seat, 20, a third guide rail, 21, a long connecting plate, 22, a long strip groove, 23, a fixing post, 24, a clamping cylinder, 25, a guide wheel, 26, a track groove, 27, a positioning slide rod, 28, a mounting plate, 29, a connecting rod, 30, a swing rod, 31, a rotating shaft, 32, a seedling tray conveying structure, 33, a seedling cup conveying mechanism, 34 and a transmission shaft.

Detailed Description

In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.

The utility model provides an automatic get seedling dividing device, includes horizontal pole 17 and a plurality of clamping jaw 15 by centre gripping cylinder 24 control, rail groove 26 is seted up along length direction to the bottom of horizontal pole 17, and every clamping jaw 15 is all installed on a Z-shaped mounting panel 28 through fixing bolt, and every mounting panel 28 all is provided with location slide bar 27 perpendicularly at horizontal pole 17 rear, and every mounting panel 28 all rotates and installs the guide pulley 25 that is spacing in rail groove 26 and rail groove 26 roll connection.

Each clamping jaw 15 is arranged on the bottom surface of the cross bar 17 in a linear manner in a sliding manner and finishes the actions of separating and separating seedlings and combining and taking seedlings through a linkage structure; the linkage structure comprises two long connecting plates 21 arranged behind the cross rod 17 and two short connecting plates arranged in front of the cross rod 17, wherein a connecting hole is formed at the middle point of the long connecting plates 21, two through long grooves 22 are symmetrically formed on the middle point of the long connecting plates, one through short groove is formed in each short connecting plate, and the two short connecting plates are respectively connected between a head end clamping jaw and a fixing bolt of an adjacent clamping jaw and between a tail end clamping jaw and a fixing bolt of an adjacent clamping jaw through the short grooves; the two long connecting plates 21 are connected to the positioning slide bars 27 of the two clamping jaw mounting plates through connecting holes, and the positioning slide bars 27 of the other clamping jaw mounting plates are arranged in the long strip grooves 22.

In this embodiment, eight clamping jaws 15 are provided, and the clamping jaw located at the head end is a first clamping jaw, the clamping jaw located at the tail end is an eighth clamping jaw, and the clamping jaws between the two clamping jaws are a second clamping jaw, a third clamping jaw, a fourth clamping jaw, a fifth clamping jaw, a sixth clamping jaw and a seventh clamping jaw in sequence. The short connecting plates of the linkage structure are respectively connected between the first clamping jaw mounting plate and the second clamping jaw mounting plate and between the seventh clamping jaw mounting plate and the eighth clamping jaw mounting plate. One long connecting plate 21 is connected to the positioning slide bar 27 of the mounting plate of the fourth clamping jaw through a central hole, the positioning slide bars 27 of the second clamping jaw and the third clamping jaw are respectively positioned in the long strip groove 22 on the left side of the long connecting plate 21, two positioning slide bars 27 are arranged on the mounting plate of the fifth clamping jaw, and one positioning slide bar 27 of the fifth clamping jaw is positioned in the long strip groove 22 on the right side of the long connecting plate 21; the other long connecting plate 21 is connected to the positioning slide bar 27 of the sixth clamping jaw through the center hole, the other positioning slide bar 27 of the fifth clamping jaw is positioned in the long strip groove 22 on the left side of the long connecting plate 21, and the positioning slide bar 27 of the seventh clamping jaw is positioned in the long strip groove 22 on the right side of the long connecting plate 21.

The device also comprises a fixing plate 1, wherein a plurality of weight reduction grooves 7 are formed in the fixing plate 1 and used for reducing the overall weight. The bottom surface sliding connection of fixed plate 1 has the movable frame 10 that is located horizontal pole 17 top and moves around under fixed plate 1 through connecting swing mechanism, and specifically, the bottom surface left and right sides of fixed plate 1 sets up the first guide rail of mutual parallel along the fore-and-aft direction, and the top of movable frame 10 is provided with the first slide that first guide rail slides and matches.

The swing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft 31 and a swing rod 30, wherein the rotating shaft 31 vertically penetrates through the fixed plate 1, the upper end of the rotating shaft is vertically in transmission connection with the driving shaft 3 through the transmission gear box 4, the lower end of the rotating shaft is vertically connected with one end of the swing rod 30, and the other end of the swing rod 30 is hinged with the top center of the movable frame 10 through a connecting rod 29.

The movable frame 10 is provided with a lifting cylinder 14 with a piston rod downwards and connected with the middle part of the cross rod through a mounting seat, and two ends of the cross rod 17 are respectively connected with the movable frame 10 in a vertical sliding manner. Two second sliding seats 18 symmetrical to the lifting air cylinder are vertically arranged on the movable frame 10, and two ends of the cross rod 17 are respectively correspondingly provided with second guide rails 11 in sliding fit with the second sliding seats 18.

The rear of the movable frame 10 is provided with a third guide rail 20, two third sliding seats 19 which can slide left and right on the movable frame 10 are symmetrically arranged on the third guide rail 20, a sliding vertical plate 16 is fixed on each third sliding seat 19, the upper end of each sliding vertical plate 16 extends upwards to form a guide post 9, two guide grooves 2 which are symmetrically arranged and respectively matched with the two guide posts 9 are formed in the fixed plate 1, each guide groove 2 is splayed, each guide groove 2 comprises a guide chute and a guide transverse groove 8, and the joint of the guide chute and the guide transverse groove 8 is in smooth transition. The lower ends of the two sliding vertical plates 16 are vertically provided with lifting grooves 12 and are vertically and slidably connected with pull plates 13 in the lifting grooves 12, fixed columns 23 which are in sliding fit with the lifting grooves 12 are arranged on the pull plates 13, and the two pull plates 13 are respectively and correspondingly connected with mounting plates 28 of clamping jaws positioned at the head end and the tail end; the top surface of the fixed plate 1 is provided with a driving shaft with one end connected with a driving mechanism through a support in a rotating way, the other end of the driving shaft is provided with two cam blocks 6 at intervals, and the top surface of the fixed plate 1 is provided with two limit switches 5 which are correspondingly matched with the cam blocks 6 and are correspondingly electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve of the lifting cylinder 14 and the electromagnetic valve of the clamping cylinder 24. In the utility model, the positions of the cam blocks 6 on the driving shaft 3 are staggered, the positions of the cam blocks are adjusted according to actual use requirements, so that the purpose of alternately triggering the limit switch 5 is fulfilled, and the continuity of seedling taking and dividing actions is fulfilled by adjusting different positions of the cam blocks 6.

The automatic seedling taking and dividing device is arranged above a transplanter, a frame of the transplanter is provided with a seedling cup conveying mechanism 33 which rotates in an annular mode, and a seedling tray conveying structure 32 is arranged in the center of the seedling cup conveying mechanism 33 and used for conveying seedlings for clamping and taking the automatic seedling taking and dividing device. Wherein, seedling cup conveying mechanism 33 and seedling dish send a set of structure 32 are prior art product, and its specific structure here is not repeated, and this application focuses on getting the seedling and dividing the seedling structure and improves, needs cooperation seedling cup conveying mechanism 33 and seedling dish send a set of structure 32 during the use to accomplish automatic seedling operation of getting, overall structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 9.

The driving mechanism in the utility model is a travelling wheel of the transplanting vehicle, the travelling wheel is in transmission connection with a main shaft through a chain and a chain wheel, and the main shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft 3 and the seedling cup conveying mechanism 33 through a transmission gearbox and a transmission shaft 34 respectively.

In operation, the seedling tray feeding tray structure 32 continuously pushes seedling trays towards the front of the automatic seedling taking and separating device, each time the pushing keeps consistent distance, when walking wheels walk, power is transmitted to the driving shaft 3, when the driving shaft 3 rotates, one cam block 6 on the driving shaft 3 touches the limit switch 5 corresponding to the lifting cylinder 14 and starts the lifting cylinder 14, the lifting cylinder 14 drives the cross rod 17 to descend, meanwhile, the other cam block 6 on the driving shaft 3 touches the limit switch 5 corresponding to the clamping cylinder 24, the clamping cylinder 24 controls the clamping jaw 15 to be opened (this action is a seedling releasing action), the driving shaft 3 continuously rotates, the rotating shaft 31 drives the swinging rod 30 to rotate, the swinging rod 30 pulls the moving frame 10 through the connecting rod 29, the moving frame 10 slides forwards to be close to the seedling tray feeding tray structure 32 under the limit action of the first guide rails at the two ends of the fixed plate 1, and when the moving frame 10 approaches the seedling tray feeding tray structure 32, the guide posts 9 at the tops of the two sliding risers 16 slide in the guide grooves 2, the two sliding risers 16 slide on the third guide rail 20 in opposite directions under the guide limit effect of the guide grooves 2, and then the mounting plate 28 of the head clamping jaw and the mounting plate of the tail clamping jaw are matched with the linkage structure to move relatively in the track groove 26 through the guide wheels 25 and push the clamping jaws 15 to gather and approach together, at the moment, the clamping jaws 15 are opened and are positioned right above the seedling tray feeding structure 32 to clamp the seedlings on the seedling tray, the clamping cylinder 24 controls the clamping jaws 15 to close and clamp the seedlings on the seedling tray, meanwhile, the lifting cylinder 14 starts to pull the cross rod 17 and the clamping jaws 15 at the bottom to drive the clamped seedlings to move upwards, the driving shaft 3 drives the swinging rod 30 to further drive the movable frame 10 to move backwards on the bottom surface of the fixed plate 1 through the connecting rod 29 after continuously rotating, meanwhile, the guide posts 9 on the sliding vertical plates 16 at the rear of the moving frame 10 reversely return to the initial positions under the guiding action of the guide grooves 2, at the moment, the sliding vertical plates 16 move at the rear of the moving frame 10 reversely, and the mounting plates of the head clamping jaw and the tail clamping jaw respectively pull the clamping jaws to be separated and dispersed from each other through the action of the linkage structure, so that the clamping jaws 15 correspond to the seedling cups, the clamping cylinders 24 start the clamping jaws 15 to open, the clamped seedlings can fall into the seedling cups below, and the seedling dividing action is completed.

The utility model continuously and consistently performs the actions of taking and separating the seedlings, and is matched with the power of the travelling wheels, so that the speed of the actions of taking and separating the seedlings is adaptively adjusted according to the speed of the travelling wheels, the fluency and the connectivity of each action piece are further ensured, an electric control system is not required to be arranged, the accurate actions of taking and separating the seedlings can be realized only by matching a limit switch with a cam block on a driving shaft, the cost is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the technical features of the present utility model that are not described may be implemented by or by using the prior art, which is not described herein again; the above examples and drawings are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present utility model and not for limiting the same, and the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model and the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides an automatic get seedling device that divides, includes horizontal pole and a plurality of clamping jaw by centre gripping cylinder control, its characterized in that: each clamping jaw is arranged in a straight line and is arranged on the bottom surface of the cross rod in a sliding manner, and the actions of separating and separating seedlings and combining and taking seedlings are completed through a linkage structure; the lifting cylinder is arranged on the movable frame, the piston rod of which is downwards arranged on the movable frame and is connected with the middle part of the cross rod through the mounting seat, and the two ends of the cross rod are respectively connected with the movable frame in a vertical sliding manner; two sliding vertical plates capable of sliding left and right on the movable frame are symmetrically arranged at the rear of the movable frame, guide posts extend upwards at the upper end of each sliding vertical plate, two guide grooves which are symmetrically arranged and respectively matched with the two guide posts are formed in the fixed plate, lifting grooves are vertically formed in the lower ends of the two sliding vertical plates, pull plates are vertically and slidably connected in the lifting grooves, and clamping jaws at the head end and the tail end are respectively and correspondingly connected through bending; the top surface of fixed plate passes through the support and rotates and install the drive shaft that one end is connected actuating mechanism, and two cam blocks are installed to the other end interval of drive shaft, and cam block corresponds to match and correspond two limit switches that are connected with lifting cylinder's solenoid valve and clamping cylinder's solenoid valve electricity are installed to the top surface of fixed plate.

2. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the rail groove is offered along length direction to the bottom of horizontal pole, and every clamping jaw is all installed on the mounting panel of a Z shape through fixing bolt, and every mounting panel all is provided with the location slide bar perpendicularly in the horizontal pole rear, and every mounting panel all rotates and installs the guide pulley of spacing in rail inslot and rail groove roll connection.

3. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 2, wherein: the linkage structure comprises two long connecting plates arranged behind the cross rod and two short connecting plates arranged in front of the cross rod, wherein a connecting hole is formed in the middle point of each long connecting plate, two through long grooves are symmetrically formed on the connecting hole, one through short groove is formed in each short connecting plate, and the two short connecting plates are respectively connected between a head end clamping jaw and a fixing bolt of an adjacent clamping jaw and between a tail end clamping jaw and a fixing bolt of an adjacent clamping jaw through the short grooves; the two long connecting plates are connected to the positioning slide bars of the two clamping jaw mounting plates through connecting holes, and the positioning slide bars of the other clamping jaw mounting plates are arranged in the long strip grooves.

4. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the swing mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a swing rod, the rotating shaft vertically penetrates through the fixed plate, the upper end of the rotating shaft is vertically in transmission connection with the driving shaft through a transmission gear box, the lower end of the rotating shaft is vertically connected with one end of the swing rod, and the other end of the swing rod is hinged with the center of the top of the movable frame through a connecting rod.

5. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the guide grooves are splayed, each guide groove comprises a guide chute and a guide transverse groove, and the joint of the guide chute and the guide transverse groove is in smooth transition.

6. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism is a travelling wheel of the transplanting vehicle, the travelling wheel is in transmission connection with the main shaft through a chain and a chain wheel, and the main shaft is in transmission connection with the driving shaft and the seedling cup conveying mechanism through a transmission gear box and a transmission shaft respectively.

7. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the left end and the right end of the bottom surface of the fixed plate are provided with first guide rails which are parallel to each other along the front-back direction, and the top of the movable frame is provided with a first sliding seat which is matched with the first guide rails in a sliding way.

8. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: two second sliding seats symmetrical to the lifting air cylinder are vertically arranged on the movable frame, and second guide rails which are in sliding fit with the second sliding seats are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two ends of the cross rod.

9. The automatic seedling taking and separating device according to claim 1, wherein: a plurality of weight reducing grooves are formed in the fixing plate.