CN114375793B - Automatic seedling separating device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic seedling separating device, which comprises a seedling separating box (302), a seedling poking wheel (312) and a driving mechanism thereof, wherein a seedling outlet is formed in the seedling separating box (302), and the seedling poking wheel (312) is arranged at the output end of the seedling outlet; when the seedling separating operation is carried out, the seedling poking wheel (312) rotates relative to the seedling separating box (302) under the action of the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism, and seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box (302) are sequentially output through the seedling emergence openings by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheel (312). In the seedling dividing operation process, the seedling to be planted in the seedling dividing box can be sequentially output through the seedling outlet by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheel only by pre-placing the seedling to be planted in the seedling dividing box and starting the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism, so that the labor intensity of the seedling dividing operation is greatly reduced, and the seedling dividing operation efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Automatic seedling separating device

Technical Field

The invention relates to seedling planting equipment, in particular to an automatic seedling separating device applied to automatic seedling planting equipment.

Background

The forestation is extremely important for ecological environment construction, not only can water and soil be kept so as to reduce the loss of flood disasters, but also green plants are called as a natural dust remover and an oxygen manufacturing plant, which are beneficial to removing air pollution and realizing automatic temperature regulation of areas.

In particular, the afforestation has remarkable effects in controlling sandy cultivated land and desert, controlling water and soil loss, preventing wind and fixing sand, increasing soil water storage capacity and the like, thereby greatly improving ecological environment, and the produced direct economic benefit and indirect economic benefit are huge. However, in the tree planting process, particularly in mass large-area tree planting and forestation, the seedlings to be planted are firstly transported to a designated position in a large scale, and then the seedlings to be planted are subjected to seedling dividing operation. For seedling separation operation, if manual operation is completely relied on, the labor intensity is high, and the seedling separation operation efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the automatic seedling separating device is provided, the labor intensity of seedling separating operation is reduced, and the seedling separating operation efficiency is improved.

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by adopting the following technical scheme: an automatic seedling separating device comprises a seedling separating box, a seedling poking wheel and a driving mechanism thereof, wherein a seedling outlet is formed in the seedling separating box, and the seedling poking wheel is arranged at the output end of the seedling outlet; when the seedling separating operation is carried out, the seedling poking wheel rotates relative to the seedling separating box under the action of the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism, and seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box are sequentially output through the seedling emergence openings by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheel.

Preferably, the seedling transplanting machine further comprises a seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling pushing mechanism is arranged on the base, the seedling pulling wheel sequentially outputs seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box to the seedling pushing mechanism through the seedling emergence openings, and the seedlings to be planted received by the base are output in a horizontal state through the seedling pushing mechanism.

Preferably, the seedling pushing mechanism comprises a seedling pushing plate and a driving mechanism thereof, and the seedling pushing plate forms horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base under the action of the driving mechanism thereof.

Preferably, the driving mechanism of the seedling pushing plate comprises a crank, a seedling pushing connecting rod and a sliding seat, wherein two opposite ends of the seedling pushing connecting rod respectively form a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively with the crank and the sliding seat, the seedling pushing plate is fixedly connected with the sliding seat, and the crank drives the sliding seat to do horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base through the seedling pushing connecting rod in the rotating process.

Preferably, a secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism is arranged between the crank and the seedling pulling wheel, the secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism comprises a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley, a third synchronous pulley and a fourth synchronous pulley, a first primary speed reduction transmission mechanism is formed between the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley through a first synchronous belt, and a second secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism is formed between the third synchronous pulley and the fourth synchronous pulley through a second synchronous belt.

Preferably, a movable connection structure which slides relatively is formed between the sliding seat and the guide sliding rail, and the guide sliding rail is fixedly connected with the base.

Preferably, the device further comprises a guide slide plate, wherein the guide slide plate is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane.

Preferably, the seedling separating box is fixedly connected with the dispersing bracket, the dispersing bracket is an arc-shaped structural member, and the arc-shaped part protrudes towards the inner cavity of the seedling separating box.

Preferably, a front side plate and a rear side plate are respectively arranged below the seedling emergence opening of the seedling separating box, the front side plate and the rear side plate are oppositely arranged, and a seedling falling shaping channel is formed between the front side plate and the rear side plate.

Preferably, the front side plate is connected with the buffer plate through a first torsion spring, and the seedlings to be planted in the seedling falling shaping channel flow out of the seedling falling shaping channel after pushing away the buffer plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the seedling dividing operation is carried out, the seedling to be planted in the seedling dividing box is only required to be placed in advance, after the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism is started, the seedling poking wheel rotates relative to the seedling dividing box under the action of the seedling poking wheel driving mechanism, the seedling to be planted in the seedling dividing box can be sequentially output through the seedling outlet by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheel, the manual participation degree of the seedling dividing operation is reduced, the labor intensity of the seedling dividing operation is greatly reduced, and the seedling dividing operation efficiency is greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a general assembly view (axonometric view) of an automated seedling planting apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a general assembly view (front view) of the automated seedling planting apparatus.

Fig. 3 is an isometric view of an automatic seedling separating device according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the automatic seedling separating apparatus shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a diagram (isometric view) of a reduction gear system of the automatic seedling separating device shown in fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a view of a reduction gear system (right side view) of the automatic seedling separating apparatus shown in fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a front view of the yield drilling apparatus.

Fig. 10 is a side view of a yield drilling apparatus.

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view at C in fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is an isometric view (front view, embodiment 1) of the limit roller mechanism of fig. 10.

Fig. 13 is an isometric view of the limit roller mechanism of fig. 10 (back side, embodiment 1).

Fig. 14 is an internal configuration view of the limit roller mechanism in fig. 10 (embodiment 1).

Fig. 15 is a front view of the stopper roller mechanism shown in fig. 14 (embodiment 1).

Fig. 16 is a side view of the limit roller mechanism of fig. 10 (embodiment 2).

Fig. 17 is an internal structure view of the stopper roller mechanism shown in fig. 16 (the right rotating arm is hidden, and embodiment 2).

Fig. 18 is an internal configuration view (front view, embodiment 2) of the stopper roller mechanism shown in fig. 16.

Fig. 19 is a sectional view taken along the direction D-D in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is an isometric view of the seedling insertion device (front view, seedling in horizontal state).

Fig. 21 is an isometric view of the seedling insertion device (side view, seedling in horizontal position).

Fig. 22 is a front view of the seedling insertion device shown in fig. 20.

Fig. 23 is a plan view of the seedling insertion device shown in fig. 20.

Fig. 24 is an isometric view of the seedling insertion device (with the seedlings in an upright position).

Fig. 25 is a front view of the seedling insertion device shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 26 is an isometric view of the seedling insertion device (front view, seedling in a seedling insertion state).

Fig. 27 is an isometric view of the seedling insertion device (bottom view, the seedlings are in a seedling insertion state).

Fig. 28 is a front view of the seedling insertion device shown in fig. 26.

Fig. 29 is an isometric view of the seedling-drop mechanism of fig. 20 (the seedling-drop plate is in a closed state).

Fig. 30 is an isometric view of the seedling-drop mechanism of fig. 20 (the seedling-drop plate is in an open state).

Fig. 31 is a front view of the seedling dropping mechanism shown in fig. 29 or 30.

Fig. 32 is an isometric view of a landfill.

Fig. 33 is a front view of the landfill device shown in fig. 32.

Fig. 34 is an isometric view of the soil filling mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 35 is a side view of the soil filling mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 36 is a sectional view taken along the direction E-E in fig. 35.

Fig. 37 is an isometric view of the laminating mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 38 is a side view of the laminating mechanism of fig. 32.

Fig. 39 is a front view of the laminating mechanism shown in fig. 37 or 38.

The marks in the figure: 1-castor, 2-frame, 3-seedling separating device, 4-abdication drilling device, 5-seedling inserting device, 6-landfill device, 301-seedling separating transmission shaft, 302-seedling separating box, 303-seedling separating motor, 304-sliding guide plate, 305-front side plate, 306-first synchronous belt, 307-buffer plate, 308-rear side plate, 309-first synchronous belt pulley, 310-second synchronous belt pulley, 311-first transmission shaft, 312-seedling poking wheel, 313-dispersion bracket, 314-second synchronous belt, 315-third synchronous belt pulley, 316-base, 317-second transmission shaft, 318-crank, 319-sliding guide rail, 320-seedling pushing plate, 321-seedling pushing connecting rod, 322-sliding seat, 323-fourth synchronous belt pulley, 324-first torsion spring, 401-abdication motor, 402-first lead screw, 403-first slide seat, 404-abdication slide rail, 405-first base, 406-drill rod, 407-bearing rail seat, 408-dislocation guide rail, 409-adjustment roller, 410-fixed roller, 411-drilling motor, 412-bearing, 413-sliding installation seat, 414-pin shaft, 415-pin shaft seat, 416-rotating arm, 417-elastic rubber band, 418-limit clamping groove, 419-second torsion spring, 501-first electromagnet, 502-electric push rod, 503-seedling receiving base, 504-seedling receiving frame, 505-seedling falling frame, 506-second electromagnet, 507-support, 508-electromagnet suction piece, 509-second slide seat, 510-seedling falling plate, 511-second base, 512-limiting plate, 513-solenoid valve, 514-wood to be planted, 515-motor for falling seedlings, 516-second lead screw, 517-rotating seat, 518-slide guiding pin, 519-bar guiding groove, 520-seedling falling port, 601-landfill grinding wheel, 602-heap Sha Lidao, 603-first connecting rod, 604-coulter roller, 605-second connecting rod, 606-first clamping plate, 607-third connecting rod, 608-grinding wheel bracket, 609-second clamping plate, 610-third torsion spring, 611-fourth torsion spring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The automatic seedling planting device shown in fig. 1 and 2 mainly comprises a frame 2, a seedling separating device 3, a yielding drilling device 4, a seedling inserting device 5 and a landfill device 6, wherein the landfill device 6 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 2, and casters 1 are arranged at the bottom of the frame 2. As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the seedling separating device 3 includes a seedling separating box 302, a seedling pulling wheel 312, a driving mechanism thereof and a seedling pushing mechanism, the seedling separating box 302 is fixed on the frame 2, a seedling outlet is arranged at the bottom of one side of the seedling separating box 302, and the seedling pulling wheel 312 is arranged at the output end of the seedling outlet. The seedling pushing mechanism is mounted on the base 316, and comprises a seedling pushing plate 320 and a driving mechanism thereof, wherein the seedling pushing plate 320 forms horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 316 under the action of the driving mechanism thereof. Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and 8,

the driving mechanism of the seedling pushing plate 320 comprises a crank 318, a seedling pushing connecting rod 321 and a sliding seat 322, two opposite ends of the seedling pushing connecting rod 321 respectively form a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively with the crank 318 and the sliding seat 322, the seedling pushing plate 320 is fixedly connected with the sliding seat 322, and the crank 318 drives the sliding seat 322 to do horizontal reciprocating rectilinear motion relative to the base 316 through the seedling pushing connecting rod 321 in the rotating process. Further, a movable connection structure is formed between the sliding seat 322 and the guiding rail 319, and the guiding rail 319 is fixedly connected with the base 316, so as to ensure the stability and reliability of the sliding seat 322 in horizontal reciprocating rectilinear motion relative to the base 316. The two-stage speed reduction transmission mechanism is arranged between the crank 318 and the seedling pulling wheel 312 and comprises a first synchronous pulley 309, a second synchronous pulley 310, a third synchronous pulley 315 and a fourth synchronous pulley 323, the first synchronous pulley 309 is fixedly connected with the seedling dividing transmission shaft 301, the second synchronous pulley 310 and the third synchronous pulley 315 are respectively fixedly connected with the first transmission shaft 311, the fourth synchronous pulley 323 is fixedly connected with the second transmission shaft 317, the first synchronous pulley 309 and the second synchronous pulley 310 form a first-stage speed reduction transmission mechanism through the first synchronous belt 306, and the third synchronous pulley 315 and the fourth synchronous pulley 323 form a second-stage speed reduction transmission mechanism through the second synchronous belt 314.

The seedling poking wheel 312 is fixedly connected with the seedling dividing transmission shaft 301, and the seedling dividing transmission shaft 301 is driven by the seedling dividing motor 303; the crank 318 is fixedly connected with the second transmission shaft 317. When the seedling separating device 3 performs the seedling separating operation, the seedling separating motor 303 drives the seedling poking wheel 312 to rotate relative to the seedling separating box 302 through the seedling separating transmission shaft 301, and the seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box 302 are sequentially output to the seedling pushing mechanism through the seedling outlet by utilizing the rotation of the seedling poking wheel 312. Since the seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box 302 descend by means of self gravity, the seedlings to be planted are prevented from being blocked by the anticlockwise rotation of the seedling pulling wheel 312. In order to further prevent the seedlings to be planted in the seedling separating box 302 from blocking the seedling outlet due to accumulation or even jamming in the output process, the seedling separating box 302 may be fixedly connected with the dispersing support 313, the dispersing support 313 is a circular arc structural member, the circular arc portion protrudes toward the inner cavity of the seedling separating box 302, and the seedling pulling wheel 312 is designed into a gear-shaped structure, as shown in fig. 3. The rotation of the seedling dividing transmission shaft 301 is output to the crank 318 after being subjected to the deceleration treatment of the secondary deceleration transmission mechanism, and the crank 318 drives the sliding seat 322 to do horizontal reciprocating linear motion relative to the base 316 through the seedling pushing connecting rod 321 in the rotation process, so that the seedlings to be planted received by the base 316 can be output in a horizontal state through the seedling pushing mechanism.

The seedling pushing mechanism outputs the seedlings to be planted to the seedling inserting device 5 in a horizontal state. In order to ensure that the seedlings to be planted are output in a horizontal state batch by batch, the seedling pulling wheel 312 preferably adopts a gear-shaped structure, meanwhile, a front side plate 305 and a rear side plate 308 can be respectively arranged below the seedling outlet of the seedling separating box 302, the front side plate 305 and the rear side plate 308 are arranged opposite, and a seedling falling shaping channel is formed between the front side plate 305 and the rear side plate 308, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, so that the seedling pushing mechanism outputs the seedlings to be planted into the seedling falling shaping channel in a horizontal state. The seedlings to be planted after the shaping treatment through the seedling falling shaping channel fall onto the seedling inserting device 5. In order to reduce the impact of the wood to be planted on the seedling inserting device 5, a guiding slide plate 304 can be additionally arranged, the guiding slide plate 304 is fixedly connected with the frame 2, the guiding slide plate 304 is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 3, the wood to be planted firstly falls to the horizontal part of the guiding slide plate 304, and then slides down along the inclined plane part of the guiding slide plate 304. Further, the front side plate 305 may be connected to the buffer plate 307 through the first torsion spring 324, and the seedlings to be planted in the seedling-shaping passage may be caused to flow out of the seedling-shaping passage after pushing away the buffer plate 307, as shown in fig. 5 and 6.

The structure of the yielding drilling device 4 is shown in fig. 9, 10 and 11, and mainly comprises a drilling rod 406, a drilling rod rotary driving mechanism and a drilling rod lifting driving mechanism, wherein the drilling rod rotary driving mechanism comprises a drilling motor 411, the drilling rod 406 is connected with the action output end of the drilling motor 411, and the drilling rod 406 is driven to rotate by the drilling motor 411; the drilling motor 411 is mounted on the sliding mounting seat 413, and in general, the sliding mounting seat 413 can be connected with the bearing rail seat 407 through the yielding slide rail 404, and a movable connection structure with relative sliding is formed between the sliding mounting seat 413 and the yielding slide rail 404, as shown in fig. 11. The drill rod lifting driving mechanism is mounted on a first base 405 and mainly comprises a yielding motor 401, a first lead screw 402 and a first sliding seat 403, wherein the first sliding seat 403 is fixedly connected with a rail bearing seat 407, and a lead screw transmission mechanism is formed between the first lead screw 402 and the first sliding seat 403.

When drilling is performed, the yielding motor 401 drives the first lead screw 402 to rotate relative to the first base 405, the first lead screw 402 drives the first sliding seat 403 to do lifting motion relative to the first base 405, the first sliding seat 403 drives the rail bearing seat 407 to do synchronous lifting motion, the rail bearing seat 407 drives the drill rod 406 to do synchronous lifting motion, the drill rod 406 is driven by the drilling motor 411 to rotate relative to the rail bearing seat 407, and the rotation motion and the lifting motion of the drill rod 406 jointly form a seedling planting pit.

To avoid interference with the seedling insertion operation of the seedling insertion device 5, a limiting roller mechanism and a displacement guide rail 408 may be added. The structure of the limiting roller mechanism is shown in fig. 11 and 12, and mainly comprises a pin seat 415, wherein an adjusting roller 409 and a fixed roller 410 are respectively arranged on the pin seat 415, the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 are respectively matched with clamping grooves on two sides of a displacement guide rail 408, and the displacement guide rail 408 is clamped between the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 in a clamping state; typically, 2 adjusting rollers 409 and fixed rollers 410 are respectively disposed, and 2 adjusting rollers 409 are located on the same side of the displacement rail 408, and 2 fixed rollers 410 are located on the other side of the displacement rail 408. As shown in fig. 9 and 11, the deflection guide rail 408 has an inverted L-shaped structure, the pin shaft seat 415 is connected with the bearing 412 through the pin shaft 414, the bearing 412 is fixedly connected with the sliding installation seat 413, the sliding installation seat 413 is installed on the rail seat 407, and the drill rod lifting driving mechanism drives the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 to move along the deflection guide rail 408 through the pin shaft seat 415.

With the above structural design, after the drill stem 406 completes the digging operation of the seedling planting pit, the drill stem 406 will first rise along the vertical section of the displacement guide rail 408, and then move to a reset state along the curved section of the displacement guide rail 408, so that the drill stem 406 can be laterally abducted and moved away from the position right above the seedling planting pit, so that the subsequent seedling transplanting device 5 can perform seedling transplanting operation. If the drill rod 406 is simply moved out of the seedling planting pit in a vertical direction, the lifting movement stroke of the first screw 402 to drive the first slide 403 will at least need to meet the heights of two seedlings to be planted, resulting in a corresponding increase in the overall height of the yielding drilling device 4, which not only increases the equipment occupation space, but also results in an increase in the overall manufacturing cost.

In order to ensure and improve the working reliability of the yielding drilling device 4 and improve the drilling quality of the seedling planting pit, the adjusting roller 409 can be connected with the pin seat 415 through the rotating arm 416, a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively is formed between the rotating arm 416 and the pin seat 415, and an elastic rubber band 417 is arranged between the rotating arm 416 and the pin seat 415. In general, the rotating arm 416 and the pin seat 415 are respectively provided with a limit slot 418, and the elastic rubber band 417 is limited by the limit slot 418, as shown in fig. 13, 14 and 15. In addition, the adjusting roller 409 may be connected to the pin seat 415 through a rotating arm 416, and a movable connection structure that rotates relatively is formed between the rotating arm 416 and the pin seat 415, and a second torsion spring 419 is disposed between the rotating arm 416 and the pin seat 415, as shown in fig. 16, 17, 18, and 19. By arranging the elastic rubber band 417 or the second torsion spring 419, the adjusting roller 409 and the fixed roller 410 can clamp the deflection guide rail 408 in an elastic clamping state, so that the contact reliability between the adjusting roller 409 and the deflection guide rail 408 and between the fixed roller 410 and the deflection guide rail 408 is ensured, the automatic adjustment in the operation of the limiting roller mechanism is facilitated, and the service life of the limiting roller mechanism is prolonged.

The working process of the yielding drilling device 4 is as follows: when the first slider 403 is at the upper limit position, the slide mount 413 is at the right limit position of the displacement rail 408 via the rail mount 407, as shown in fig. 9 and 10. When the yielding motor 401 drives the first screw 402 to rotate, the first screw 402 drives the first slide seat 403 to move downwards, and the first slide seat 403 drives the rail bearing seat 407 to move downwards synchronously, and the rail bearing seat 407 drives the sliding mounting seat 413 to move downwards synchronously. In this process, the first slide 403 generates a downward force on the sliding mount 413 through the rail seat 407 and the yielding slide rail 404, and simultaneously generates a lateral force on the sliding mount 413 through the interaction among the adjusting roller 409, the fixed roller 410 and the shifting guide rail 408, so as to drive the sliding mount 413, the limiting roller mechanism and the drilling motor 411 to move along the shifting guide rail 408 in a shifting manner. When the limiting roller mechanism passes through the arc-shaped track part at the upper part of the deflection guide rail 408, the transverse deflection and partial longitudinal deflection of the drill rod 406 can be realized, and when the limiting roller mechanism passes through the linear track part at the lower part of the deflection guide rail 408, the longitudinal deflection of the drill rod 406 can be realized, so that the vertical downward acting force required by drilling can be provided; in this process, the drilling motor 411 drives the drill stem 406 to rotate, and meanwhile, the drill stem 406 is also driven by the rail bearing seat 407 to move along the vertical direction, and the rotation action of the drill stem 406 and the lifting action in the vertical direction jointly realize the drilling function until a seedling planting pit is formed.

As shown in fig. 20, 21, 22 and 23, the seedling inserting device 5 mainly comprises a seedling dropping mechanism, a seedling receiving frame 504 and a driving mechanism thereof, the seedling receiving frame driving mechanism comprises a seedling receiving frame rotating mechanism and a seedling receiving frame translation mechanism, the seedling receiving frame rotating mechanism drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to rotate to be in a vertical state, the seedling receiving frame 504 (together with the seedlings to be planted) in the vertical state is pushed to the seedling dropping mechanism by the seedling receiving frame translation mechanism, and finally the seedlings to be planted on the seedling receiving frame 504 are output by the seedling dropping mechanism. In particular, the method comprises the steps of,

the seedling dropping mechanism comprises a limiting plate 512, a seedling dropping opening 520 is formed on the limiting plate 512, and the seedling receiving frame translation mechanism drives the limiting plate 512 to do linear motion. The limiting plate 512 is fixedly connected with the seedling dropping frame 505, in general, an integrated forming structure is formed between the limiting plate 512 and the seedling dropping frame 505, and the limiting plate 512 and the seedling dropping frame 505 together form an L-shaped structural member. By adopting the structural design, in the seedling planting operation, the seedling falling frame 505 can be utilized to carry out auxiliary supporting on the seedlings to be planted, so that the seedlings to be planted can fall into the seedling planting pit in a vertical state through the seedling falling opening 520 as much as possible.

In order to better control the seedlings to be planted on the seedling falling frame 505 to fall into the seedling planting pit through the seedling falling opening 520 in a vertical state, as shown in fig. 29, 30 and 31, a movable connection structure with relative sliding between the limiting plate 512 and the seedling falling plate 510 can be formed, the seedling falling plate 510 is connected with a seedling falling plate actuating mechanism, and the seedling falling plate actuating mechanism enables the seedling falling opening 520 to be opened or closed by driving the seedling falling plate 510 to slide relative to the limiting plate 512. The seedling-falling plate actuating mechanism preferably adopts an electromagnetic valve 513, a bar-shaped guide groove 519 is formed in the limiting plate 512, the actuating output end of the electromagnetic valve 513 is connected with the seedling-falling plate 510 through a guide sliding pin 518, a sliding fit structure is formed between the guide sliding pin 518 and the bar-shaped guide groove 519, and the electromagnetic valve 513 enables the seedling-falling opening 520 to be opened or closed by driving the seedling-falling plate 510 to slide relative to the limiting plate 512. Fig. 29 shows that the seedling drop port 520 is in a closed state, and fig. 30 shows that the seedling drop port 520 is in an open state.

The seedling receiving frame rotating mechanism mainly comprises an electric push rod 502 and a seedling receiving base 503, wherein the tail end of the electric push rod 502 is fixedly connected with the frame 2 through a support 507, as shown in fig. 1, a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively is formed between the action output end of the electric push rod 502 and the seedling receiving base 503, and a movable connection structure capable of separating is formed between the seedling receiving frame 504 and the seedling receiving base 503. In general, a second electromagnet 506 may be installed on the seedling receiving base 503, and the seedling receiving frame 504 forms a detachable movable connection structure with the seedling receiving base 503 through the second electromagnet 506. When the electric push rod 502 drives the seedling receiving base 503 to rotate, the seedling receiving base 503 drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to synchronously rotate.

The seedling receiving frame translation mechanism is mounted on the second base 511 and comprises a second lead screw 516 and a second slide seat 509, the second lead screw 516 is driven by a seedling falling motor 515, a lead screw transmission mechanism is formed between the second lead screw 516 and the second slide seat 509, and meanwhile, the second slide seat 509 forms a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively with the seedling receiving base 503 through a rotating seat 517. The seedling receiving frame 504 and the second sliding seat 509 form a detachable movable connection structure. In general, the first electromagnet 501 may be mounted on the second slide 509, and the seedling receiving frame 504 forms a detachable movable connection structure with the second slide 509 through the first electromagnet 501. Further, the seedling receiving rack 504 is fixedly connected with the electromagnet suction plate 508, and a detachable movable connection structure is formed between the first electromagnet 501 and the electromagnet suction plate 508. When the seedling receiving rack 504 is in a vertical state and is connected with the second sliding seat 509 in place, the second sliding seat 509 pushes the seedling receiving rack 504 in the vertical state to the seedling dropping mechanism horizontally.

When the seedling transplanting device 5 performs seedling transplanting operation, as shown in fig. 22, the electric push rod 502 enables the seedling receiving frame 504 to be in a horizontal state, when the seedling receiving frame 504 receives a seedling to be planted 514, the second electromagnet 506 is electrified, and the seedling receiving frame 504 is fixedly connected with the seedling receiving base 503 into a whole through the second electromagnet 506. Firstly, the seedling receiving base 503 is driven to rotate by the electric push rod 502, the seedling receiving base 503 drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to synchronously rotate until the seedling receiving frame 504 rotates to be in a vertical state, at this time, the first electromagnet 501 is electrified, so that the seedling receiving frame 504 can be kept in a vertical state by electromagnetic attraction between the electromagnet attraction piece 508 and the first electromagnet 501, and seedlings 514 to be planted on the seedling receiving frame 504 are also in a vertical state at the same time, as shown in fig. 24 and 25. Thereafter, the second electromagnet 506 is de-energized, so that the seedling receiving frame 504 and the seedling receiving base 503 can be separated. As shown in fig. 26, 27 and 28, the seedling dropping motor 515 is started, and the second slide seat 509 is driven to move forward by the second lead screw 516 until the second slide seat 509 drives the first electromagnet 501 and the seedling receiving frame 504 to synchronously move to the seedling inserting position and then stop. Next, the electromagnetic valve 513 is started, and the seedling falling plate 510 is driven to slide relative to the limiting plate 512 by the electromagnetic valve 513 until the seedling falling opening 520 is in an open state, at this time, the seedlings 514 to be planted on the seedling receiving rack 504 can fall into the seedling planting pit through the seedling falling opening 520. Then, the solenoid valve 513 is started again, and the seedling dropping plate 510 is driven to slide relative to the limiting plate 512 by the solenoid valve 513 until the seedling dropping opening 520 is in a closed state. The seedling dropping motor 515 is started again, the second sliding seat 509 is driven to move backwards through the second lead screw 516, when the seedling receiving frame 504 moves to be in contact with the second electromagnet 506 again, the second electromagnet 506 is electrified, and the first electromagnet 501 is powered off, at this time, the seedling receiving frame 504 and the seedling receiving base 503 can be connected into a whole through the second electromagnet 506. The electric push rod 502 is started, the seedling receiving base 503 is driven to reversely rotate by the electric push rod 502, and the seedling receiving base 503 drives the seedling receiving frame 504 to reversely rotate synchronously until the seedling receiving frame 504 reversely rotates to be in a horizontal state so as to prepare for the next seedling receiving operation.

As shown in fig. 32 and 33, the landfill device 6 includes a soil filling mechanism and a rolling mechanism, the soil filling mechanism includes a sand stacking coulter 602, the sand stacking coulter 602 is connected with a first link 603, a movable connection structure that rotates relatively is formed between the first link 603 and a coulter roller 604, in addition, the first link 603 is connected with a second link 605 and a third link 607, the second link 605 and the third link 607 are connected with a first clamping plate 606, a parallelogram mechanism is formed between the first link 603, the second link 605, the third link 607 and the first clamping plate 606, and a fourth torsion spring 611 is arranged between the second link 605 and the first clamping plate 606, and between the third link 607 and the first clamping plate 606, as shown in fig. 34, 35 and 36. In the working process of the soil filling mechanism, as shown in fig. 33, the tip end of the sand stacking coulter 602 moves forward, and the fourth torsion spring 611 makes a certain opening angle and a certain acting force exist between the second connecting rod 605 and the first clamping plate 606, and also makes a certain opening angle and a certain acting force exist between the third connecting rod 607 and the first clamping plate 606, so that the sand stacking coulter 602 can always keep a downward extrusion trend, and the sand stacking coulter 602 can push sand to the greatest extent in the working process, thereby being beneficial to improving the soil filling operation efficiency.

The rolling mechanism comprises a landfill grinding wheel 601, the landfill grinding wheel 601 is connected with a second clamping plate 609 through a grinding wheel bracket 608, and a third torsion spring 610 is arranged between the grinding wheel bracket 608 and the second clamping plate 609, as shown in fig. 37, 38 and 39. In the working process of the rolling mechanism, as shown in fig. 33, the tip end of the sand piling coulter 602 moves forward, and the third torsion spring 610 makes a certain opening angle and acting force exist between the grinding wheel bracket 608 and the second clamping plate 609, so that the landfill grinding wheel 601 can always keep a downward rolling trend, so that the landfill grinding wheel 601 can roll sand downwards to the greatest extent in the working process, and the rolling efficiency is improved.

After the seedlings 514 to be planted on the seedling receiving rack 504 fall into the seedling planting pit through the seedling falling opening 520, the landfill device 6 starts to work, the sand-piling coulter 602 pushes the sand on one side of the seedling planting pit to the seedling planting pit in the working process, and then the sand-piling coulter 602 pushes the sand in the seedling planting pit in the working process by the landfill grinding wheel 601. In order to improve the soil filling efficiency, the working surface of the sand piling coulter 602 preferably adopts a parabolic curved surface structure, as shown in fig. 36; in addition, 2 sets of sand-piling coulters 602 are usually arranged, and a channel for the seedlings 514 to be planted to pass through is formed between the 2 sets of sand-piling coulters 602; the 2 sand-piling coulter 602 can push sand on two opposite sides of the seedling planting pit to the seedling planting pit in the working process. In order to improve the rolling efficiency, the number of the landfill rollers 601 is usually 2, and the landfill rollers and the roller support 608 are respectively connected in a side-by-side manner in a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively.

As shown in fig. 33, when the landfill device 6 is in a natural sagging state, the bottom ends of the sand-stacking coulter 602, the coulter roller 604 and the landfill grinding wheel 601 are sequentially lowered, and the thickness of the coulter roller 604 is smaller than that of the landfill grinding wheel 601. By adopting the structural design, on one hand, when the landfill device 6 moves on a hard ground, the sand-stacking coulter 602 is not directly contacted with the ground to generate scraping, so that the sand-stacking coulter 602 is protected, by the parallelogram mechanism formed among the first connecting rod 603, the second connecting rod 605, the third connecting rod 607 and the first clamping plate 606, the sand-stacking coulter 602 can be parallelly retracted when the sand-stacking coulter 602 is subjected to exceeding a limiting force, on the other hand, when the landfill device 6 moves on the soft ground such as sand, the wheel thickness of the coulter roller 604 is smaller than that of the landfill roller 601, and a certain acting force generated by the fourth torsion spring 611 can be utilized to enable the coulter roller 604 to be pressed into sand so as to ensure that the sand-stacking coulter 602 can push more seedlings on two opposite sides of the planting hole into the planting hole in the working process, and simultaneously, because the landfill roller 601 is lower than the coulter roller 604 and is more tightly pressed by the third torsion spring 610 in the working process of the sand-stacking coulter roller 601.

The automatic seedling planting device is usually installed on a moving chassis and is pulled by a trailer to move forward, wherein the tip end of the sand piling coulter 602 faces the forward direction of the trailer, and when the seedling planting operation of one seedling planting point is completed, the trailer pulls the automatic seedling planting device to move to the next seedling planting point. When the automatic seedling planting device moves to a designated seedling planting position, the seedling separating device 3 is started, and the seedling to be planted 514 is output to the seedling receiving rack 504 through the seedling poking wheel 312; the yielding drilling device 4 forms a seedling planting pit through the drill rod 406, the seedling receiving rack driving mechanism pushes the seedling to be planted 514 received by the seedling receiving rack 504 to a vertical state, and then the seedling dropping mechanism is started, so that the seedling to be planted 514 in the vertical state on the seedling receiving rack 504 can drop into the seedling planting pit. After the seedling separating device 3, the abdicating drilling device 4 and the seedling inserting device 5 finish corresponding works, the automatic seedling planting equipment continues to advance, the seedlings 514 to be planted are exposed out of the surface of the sand soil to a certain height, the sand soil beside the seedling planting pit is pushed to the seedling planting pit by the sand piling coulter 602, and finally the sand soil pushed into the seedling planting pit by the sand piling coulter 602 is rolled by the landfill grinding wheel 601. Therefore, the seedling separating device 3, the yielding drilling device 4, the seedling inserting device 5 and the landfill device 6 are matched together to complete integrated automatic seedling planting operation, so that the labor intensity of manual operation is greatly reduced, the seedling planting operation efficiency and the operation quality are greatly improved, and the input cost of tree planting and forestation is effectively reduced.

To ensure the survival rate of the seedlings to be planted 514, 2 seedlings can be planted in the same seedling planting pit, and for this purpose, the seedlings to be planted 514 received on the seedling receiving rack 504 can reach 2 seedlings first, as shown in fig. 22. In addition, a plurality of bar-shaped guide grooves 519 are formed on the limiting plate 512, two seedling falling plates 510 are arranged and are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the seedling falling opening 520, and each seedling falling plate 510 is respectively connected with an independent guide sliding pin 518; the body part of the electromagnetic valve 513 is connected with a guide sliding pin 518 corresponding to one seedling falling plate 510, and the action output end of the electromagnetic valve 513 is connected with a guide sliding pin 518 corresponding to the other seedling falling plate 510; the sliding pin 518 and the corresponding bar-shaped guide slot 519 form a sliding fit structure, and the solenoid valve 513 drives the two seedling dropping plates 510 to generate relative movement to open or close the seedling dropping opening 520.

By adopting such structural design, because the electromagnetic valve 513 is not fixed, not only can two seedling falling plates 510 be separated at the same time, the abduction distance of the seedling falling plate 510 at one side is prevented from being too large so as to avoid collision with the first screw 402 at the part of the abdicating drilling device 4, but also the electromagnetic valve 513 can control the opening and closing actions of the two seedling falling plates 510 so that the electromagnetic valve 513 tends to be unfolded along the strip-shaped guide groove 519 at the moment of bouncing off, thereby avoiding sliding clamping stagnation, ensuring that the two seedling falling plates 510 reach the left and right limit positions, further ensuring that 2 seedlings to be planted 514 on the seedling receiving frame 504 can be simultaneously dropped into the same seedling planting pit, realizing two seedlings to be inserted at one time, and ensuring the survival rate of the seedlings to be planted 514. It should be noted that, if the seedling dropping plate 510 is opened only in one direction, a certain seedling 514 to be planted is easy to drop first, and if the seedling dropping opening 520 is blocked or jammed, the smooth drop of the second seedling 514 to be planted is seriously affected.

In order to further improve the automation operation level of the automatic seedling planting device, a central controller can be additionally arranged, the central controller can adopt a PLC or MCU and other microprocessors, and the seedling separating motor 303, the yielding motor 401, the drilling motor 411, the first electromagnet 501, the electric push rod 502, the second electromagnet 506, the electromagnetic valve 513 and the seedling dropping motor 515 are respectively electrically connected with the central controller. The central controller is utilized for centralized control, so that the seedling planting operation efficiency and the operation quality of the automatic seedling planting equipment can be further improved, and the labor intensity of seedling planting operation can be further reduced.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. An automatic seedling separating device which is characterized in that: the seedling pushing mechanism is mounted on a base (316), and comprises a seedling pushing plate (320) and a driving mechanism thereof, the driving mechanism of the pushing Miao Ban (320) comprises a crank (318), a seedling pushing connecting rod (321) and a sliding seat (322), opposite ends of the pushing Miao Liangan (321) respectively form a movable connection structure capable of rotating relatively with the crank (318) and the sliding seat (322), the seedling pushing plate (320) is fixedly connected with the sliding seat (322), and the crank (318) drives the sliding seat (322) to do horizontal reciprocating rectilinear motion relative to the base (316) through the seedling pushing connecting rod (321) in the rotating process; seedling box (302) on set up the seedling mouth, dial seedling wheel (312) set up the output at the seedling mouth, when dividing the seedling operation, dial seedling wheel (312) rotate for dividing seedling box (302) under the effect of dial seedling wheel actuating mechanism, and utilize the rotation of dial seedling wheel (312) to output the seedling that waits in dividing seedling box (302) to push away seedling mechanism through the seedling mouth in proper order, the rethread pushes away seedling mechanism and exports the seedling that waits to plant that base (316) received with the horizontality.

2. The automatic seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling pulling device is characterized in that a secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism is arranged between the crank (318) and the seedling pulling wheel (312), the secondary speed reduction transmission mechanism comprises a first synchronous pulley (309), a second synchronous pulley (310), a third synchronous pulley (315) and a fourth synchronous pulley (323), the first synchronous pulley (309) and the second synchronous pulley (310) form a first-stage speed reduction transmission mechanism through a first synchronous belt (306), and the third synchronous pulley (315) and the fourth synchronous pulley (323) form a second-stage speed reduction transmission mechanism through a second synchronous belt (314).

3. The automatic seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein: a movable connection structure capable of sliding relatively is formed between the sliding seat (322) and the guide sliding rail (319), and the guide sliding rail (319) is fixedly connected with the base (316).

4. The automatic seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a guide slide plate (304), wherein the guide slide plate (304) is obliquely arranged relative to the horizontal plane.

5. The automatic seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling separating box (302) is fixedly connected with the dispersing support (313), the dispersing support (313) is a circular arc structural member, and the circular arc part protrudes towards the inner cavity of the seedling separating box (302).

6. The automatic seedling separating device according to claim 1, wherein: the seedling box is characterized in that a front side plate (305) and a rear side plate (308) are respectively arranged below the seedling outlet of the seedling box (302), the front side plate (305) and the rear side plate (308) are oppositely arranged, and a seedling falling shaping channel is formed between the front side plate (305) and the rear side plate (308).

7. The automated seedling separation device of claim 6, wherein: the front side plate (305) is connected with the buffer plate (307) through a first torsion spring (324), and the seedlings to be planted in the seedling falling shaping channel flow out of the seedling falling shaping channel after pushing away the buffer plate (307).