CN114368059B - 一种大型高温管的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种大型高温管的制备方法,1)制作浆料,放入真空罐备用,2)内模芯制作,3)外模制作,4)将模芯插入石膏模底部的固定端,完全贴合,使模芯与石膏模固定端以上部位有一定填浆缝隙;5)在固定端采用套环将模芯与石膏模固定,或在固定端采用长螺栓贯穿石膏模与模芯,由螺母固定,6)注浆,7)脱模,8)煅烧。PVC直管和柔性材料结合使用,既保证了强度,后期溶表面的柔性材料后素胚收缩给足了空间,而且强度较好的PVC管也可以为素胚收缩提供支撑力,使得壁厚均匀。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于碳化硅陶瓷材料技术领域,涉及一种大型高温管的制备方法。
背景技术
碳化硅陶瓷应用的不断扩大,对碳化硅陶瓷的质量和尺寸的要求也越来越多。其中大尺寸大型高温堵管一直未被大批量生产,遇到多项困难。
目前现有技术中,直径180毫米以上,长度2米以上,壁厚20毫米以内的管在生产中,采用石膏模芯难以脱模或会产生两层,导致不均匀,烧制过程容易开裂;用金属做模芯有刚性,素胚在收缩过程中没有收缩空间,容易开裂;采用聚乙烯等材料做模芯,在浆液中,容易漂浮,模芯会扭曲,导致素胚厚度不均匀。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种大型高温管的制备方法,浆料密度低,定形好且使用的浆料少,易脱模,素坯圆度好,且壁厚均匀。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按照质量份数比计,称量70~90份碳化硅,3~8份的石墨粉,2~7份的炭黑以及1~3份助剂,搅拌均匀后加5~15份水继续搅拌均匀,搅拌时间超过48小时后,得到浆料,放入真空罐备用;
2)内模芯制作:用硬质管做底,外包裹一层柔性材料,再由一层聚乙烯薄膜包裹,作为整体模芯;
3)外模制作:采用石膏模,在底部制作与模芯尺寸一致的固定端;
4)将模芯插入石膏模底部的固定端,完全贴合,使模芯与石膏模固定端以上部位有一定填浆缝隙;
5)在固定端采用套环将模芯与石膏模固定,或在固定端采用长螺栓贯穿石膏模与模芯,由螺母固定;
6)采用现有的注浆工艺,注浆36-48h后,放浆;
7)脱模过程分三步:
(1)注浆完成以后,静置到素坯水分含量4-6%时,使用有机溶剂缓慢腐蚀柔性材料及聚乙烯薄膜,至素坯内无残留;
(2)利用软管插入素胚中,间歇性缓慢通入室温气体,每小时150ml气量,通气1-3小时放置1-3小时,持续通气24-48h之后,观察素胚的干燥程度,达到水分含量1-3%时,发现素胚与外模有一定间隙时停止通气;
(3)利用脱模工具,将素培从外模中脱出。
8)煅烧。
所述的步骤1)中,搅拌的时间为4h以上。
所述的步骤1)中,助剂为聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或羧甲基纤维素。
所述的步骤3)中,套环工装为圆形环,垂直四个方向设有螺栓,螺栓上设有螺母。
所述的步骤6)的具体过程如下:先氮气保护下,900℃下煅烧0.5h;然后在1650~1720℃下煅烧1~4h。
所述的以3~5℃/min的升温速率,从900℃升温至1650~1720℃。
所述的柔性材料为泡沫。
所述的的有机溶剂为汽油。
本发明的有益效果是:
PVC直管和柔性材料结合使用,既保证了强度,后期溶表面的柔性材料后素胚收缩给足了空间,而且强度较好的PVC管也可以为素胚收缩提供支撑力,使得壁厚均匀。
附图说明
图1为本发明中套环结构示意图。
图2为本发明的外模与模芯配合图,其中,1为外模,2为固定端,3为模芯,4为注浆缝隙,5为螺杆;6为螺母。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进一步叙述。
一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按照质量份数比计,称量70~90份碳化硅,3~8份的石墨粉,2~7份的炭黑以及1~3份助剂,搅拌均匀后加5~15份水继续搅拌均匀,搅拌时间超过48小时后,得到浆料,放入真空罐备用;
2)内模芯制作:用硬质管做底,外包裹一层柔性材料,再由一层聚乙烯薄膜包裹,作为整体模芯;
3)外模制作:采用石膏模,在底部制作与模芯尺寸一致的固定端;
4)将模芯插入石膏模底部的固定端,完全贴合,使模芯与石膏模固定端以上部位有一定填浆缝隙;
5)在固定端采用套环将模芯与石膏模固定,或在固定端采用长螺栓贯穿石膏模与模芯,由螺母固定;
6)采用现有的注浆工艺,注浆36-48h后,放浆;
7)脱模过程分三步:
(1)注浆完成以后,静置到素坯水分含量4-6%时,使用有机溶剂缓慢腐蚀柔性材料及聚乙烯薄膜,至素坯内无残留;
(2)利用软管插入素胚中,间歇性缓慢通入室温气体,每小时150ml气量,通气1-3小时放置1-3小时,持续通气24-48h之后,观察素胚的干燥程度,达到水分含量1-3%时,发现素胚与外模有一定间隙时停止通气;
(3)利用脱模工具,将素培从外模中脱出。
8)煅烧。
所述的步骤1)中,搅拌的时间为4h以上。
所述的步骤1)中,助剂为聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或羧甲基纤维素。
所述的步骤3)中,套环工装为圆形环,垂直四个方向设有螺栓,螺栓上设有螺母。
所述的步骤6)的具体过程如下:先氮气保护下,900℃下煅烧0.5h;然后在1650~1720℃下煅烧1~4h。
所述的以3~5℃/min的升温速率,从900℃升温至1650~1720℃。
所述的柔性材料为泡沫。
所述的的有机溶剂为汽油。
实施例1
在石膏外模底部放置套环,通过调节螺母将套环与外模1固定,将制作好的模芯3插入套环内径中,使模芯3固定,此时模芯3与外模1有一定的注浆缝隙4,且模芯3固定不会移动,然后按照上述步骤注浆,干燥,脱模后得到成品。
实施例2
在石膏外模底部制作固定端2,固定端2内径与模芯3外径一直,将模芯3插入固定端2,通过螺杆5贯穿固定端2及模芯3,由螺母6固定,模芯3固定,此时模芯3与外模1有一定的注浆缝隙4,且模芯3固定不会移动,然后按照上述步骤注浆,干燥,脱模后得到成品。
Claims (5)
1.一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按照质量份数比计,称量70~90份碳化硅,3~8份的石墨粉,2~7份的炭黑以及1~3份助剂,搅拌均匀后加5~15份水继续搅拌均匀,搅拌时间超过48小时后,得到浆料,放入真空罐备用;
2)内模芯制作:用硬质管做底,外包裹一层柔性材料,再由一层聚乙烯薄膜包裹,作为整体模芯;
3)外模制作:采用石膏模,在底部制作与模芯尺寸一致的固定端;
4)将模芯插入石膏模底部的固定端,完全贴合,使模芯与石膏模固定端以上部位有一定填浆缝隙;
5)在固定端采用套环将模芯与石膏模固定,或在固定端采用长螺栓贯穿石膏模与模芯,由螺母固定;
6)采用现有的注浆工艺,注浆36-48h后,放浆;
7)脱模过程分三步:
(1)注浆完成以后,静置到素坯水分含量4-6%时,使用有机溶剂缓慢腐蚀柔性材料及聚乙烯薄膜,至素坯内无残留;
(2)利用软管插入素胚中,间歇性缓慢通入室温气体,每小时150ml气量,通气1-3小时放置1-3小时,持续通气24-48h之后,观察素胚的干燥程度,达到水分含量1-3%时,发现素胚与外模有一定间隙时停止通气;
(3)利用脱模工具,将素培从外模中脱出;
8)煅烧;
所述步骤2)和所述步骤7)中所述的柔性材料为泡沫,所述的有机溶剂为汽油。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤1)中,助剂为聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮或羧甲基纤维素。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤3)中,套环工装为圆形环,垂直四个方向设有螺栓,螺栓上设有螺母。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的步骤8)的具体过程如下:先氮气保护下,900℃下煅烧0 .5h;然后在1650~1720℃下煅烧1~4h。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种大型高温管的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的以3~5℃/min的升温速率,从900℃升温至1650~1720℃。
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