CN114364947B - 包括用于确定可线性移动部件的位置的测量装置的线性致动器 - Google Patents

包括用于确定可线性移动部件的位置的测量装置的线性致动器 Download PDF

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CN114364947B
CN114364947B CN202080063152.XA CN202080063152A CN114364947B CN 114364947 B CN114364947 B CN 114364947B CN 202080063152 A CN202080063152 A CN 202080063152A CN 114364947 B CN114364947 B CN 114364947B
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CN114364947A (zh
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托马斯·德雷舍
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/2006—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils
    • G01D5/2013—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the self-induction of one or more coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. a core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
    • B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
    • B62D15/021—Determination of steering angle
    • B62D15/0225—Determination of steering angle by measuring on a steering gear element, e.g. on a rack bar
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/001—Mechanical components or aspects of steer-by-wire systems, not otherwise provided for in this maingroup
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D5/00—Power-assisted or power-driven steering
    • B62D5/04—Power-assisted or power-driven steering electrical, e.g. using an electric servo-motor connected to, or forming part of, the steering gear
    • B62D5/0418—Electric motor acting on road wheel carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D7/00—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings
    • B62D7/06—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins
    • B62D7/14—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering
    • B62D7/146—Steering linkage; Stub axles or their mountings for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering characterised by comprising means for steering by acting on the suspension system, e.g. on the mountings of the suspension arms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/22—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils
    • G01D5/2208—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the self-induction of the coils
    • G01D5/2216—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature differentially influencing two coils by influencing the self-induction of the coils by a movable ferromagnetic element, e.g. a core

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于线控转向系统的线性致动器(1)，该线性致动器包括可以沿着线性轨迹T移动的部件(2)、特别是车轴或轴，并且线性致动器包括用于确定部件(2)的位置的测量装置(10)，其中，测量装置(10)具有用于感应地确定部件(2)的位置的线圈(11)，其中，线圈(11)相对于部件(2)的线性轨迹T同轴地布置。

Description

包括用于确定可线性移动部件的位置的测量装置的线性致 动器
技术领域
本发明涉及用于线控转向系统的线性致动器，该线性致动器具有可以沿着线性轨迹移动的部件、特别是车轴或轴，并且线性致动器包括用于确定该部件的位置的测量装置。此外，本发明涉及用于确定线控转向系统所用的线性致动器的部件的位置的方法，其中，所述部件、特别是车轴或轴可以沿着线性轨迹移动，并且其中，使用测量装置确定该部件的位置。
背景技术
例如从DE 10 2008 032 046A1已知一种用于线控转向系统的这种类型的线性致动器，该线控转向系统被设计为机动车辆的后车轴转向系统。线性致动器包括可线性移动部件，该可线性移动部件设计为轴的形式并且连接至机动车辆的可枢转轮承载件以便使机动车辆的轮偏转。对于这种线性致动器，出于控制目的，通常需要确定可移动部件沿着该可移动部件的线性轨迹的位置。通常，为此目的而使用需要相对较大安装空间的测量装置。这可能需要扩大线性致动器的壳体或将测量装置大致定位在壳体外部。
发明内容
在此背景下，目的是使得用于线控转向系统的线性致动器的紧凑设计能够实现。
该目的通过用于线控转向系统的线性致动器实现，该线性致动器包括可以沿着线性轨迹移动的部件、特别是车轴或轴，并且线性致动器包括用于确定该部件的位置的测量装置，其中，测量装置具有用于感应地确定部件的位置的线圈，其中，线圈相对于部件的线性轨迹同轴地布置。
根据本发明的线性致动器包括测量装置，该测量装置具有用于感应地确定可线性移动部件的位置的线圈。将线圈相对于可移动部件的线性轨迹同轴地安置允许部件浸入该线圈中。线圈可以与部件一起布置在同一壳体内。不必将线圈布置在与部件的轨迹间隔开的位置中。因此，本发明使得线性致动器的紧凑设计能够实现。
优选地，线圈被设计为筒形线圈。筒形线圈的筒轴线优选地与可移动部件的轨迹重合。筒形线圈的线圈优选地被设计为空气心线圈。
根据本发明的有利实施方式，设置的是，线圈布置在线圈承载件上。线圈承载件可以将线圈保持处于下述位置：在该位置中，线圈布置成相对于部件的轨迹同轴。优选地，线圈布置在线圈承载件的外轮廓上。线圈承载件可以具有凹部，凹部允许可移动部件穿过该凹部。
有利实施方式设置的是，线圈承载件被设计为注射模制件，特别地被设计为塑料注射模制件。这使得线圈承载件的成本有效的制造能够实现。
优选的是下述实施方式：在该实施方式中，线圈承载件具有用于线圈的接纳区域、以及用于将线圈承载件紧固在将部件的轨迹封围的壳体的凹部中的紧固区域。因此，线圈承载件一方面可以为线圈提供安装，并且另一方面可以将线圈固定在壳体内。优选地，接纳区域被设计成中空筒形的，使得线圈可以布置在接纳区域的外轮廓上并且可移动部件可以布置在中空筒形的接纳区域的凹部或孔中。
根据有利实施方式，线性致动器包括覆盖件，该覆盖件布置在将部件的轨迹封围的壳体的凹部中，其中，线圈承载件连接至覆盖件。优选地，线圈承载件借助于线圈承载件的紧固区域连接至覆盖件。覆盖件可以用于覆盖壳体的凹部，并且同时将线圈承载件与线圈一起相对于壳体固定。
如果线性致动器包括连接至线圈的评估电子设备，则是有利的，这些评估电子设备优选地布置在覆盖件内，该覆盖件位于将部件的轨迹封围的壳体的凹部中。评估电子设备可以布置在覆盖件中以节省空间。特别地，不必提供外部的评估电子设备、即位于壳体外部的评估电子设备，这些评估电子设备必须连接至线圈、例如通过线缆或其他电连接件连接至线圈。
有利实施方式设置的是，测量装置包括用于感应地确定部件的位置的两个、特别地恰好两个线圈，其中，线圈相对于部件的线性轨迹同轴地布置。通过使用两个线圈，可以对测量结果进行差分评估。并非评估恰好一个线圈的信号，而是评估两个线圈的信号差异。这可以减少干扰外场的影响并且提高测量的稳健性。优选地，两个线圈被相同地设计和/或以镜像对称的方式布置。优选地，两个线圈各自布置在线圈承载件上。两个线圈的线圈承载件可以各自连接至覆盖件，该覆盖件布置在将部件的轨迹封围的壳体的凹部中。优选地，在覆盖件中布置有评估单元，并且该评估单元连接至两个线圈。评估单元优选地配置成产生由两个线圈测量的信号之间的差异。
根据有利实施方式，设置的是，在部件上布置有由铁磁材料制成的靶。由铁磁材料制成的靶可以用于改变一个线圈或两个线圈的电感，使得可以根据线圈的电感来确定靶的位置并且因此确定部件的位置。
根据替代性的有利实施方式，设置的是，部件包括能够由线圈检测的材料过渡部或靶轮廓。优选地，材料过渡部是材料的磁性特性改变的材料过渡部。类似于与磁性特性不同于所述部件的磁性特性的部件附接的靶，这种材料过渡部可以改变一个或两个线圈的电感。
根据另一替代性的有利实施方式，该部件由铁磁材料形成，并且在该部件上布置有由双相钢制成的靶。靶可以用于改变一个线圈或两个线圈的电感，使得可以根据线圈的电感来确定靶的位置并且因此确定部件的位置。
本发明还涉及一种用于确定线控转向系统所用的线性致动器的部件的位置的方法，其中，所述部件、特别是车轴或轴沿着线性轨迹移动，并且其中，部件的位置借助于测量装置来确定，该测量装置包括用于感应地确定部件的位置的线圈，并且线圈相对于部件的线性轨迹同轴地布置。
可以利用如已经结合线性致动器所描述的方法来实现相同的优点。结合线性致动器说明的有利实施方式和特征也可以单独地或组合地应用于该方法。
附图说明
下面将参照附图中所示的示例性实施方式对本发明另外的细节和优点进行说明。在附图中：
图1以示意性截面图示出了根据本发明的线性致动器的第一示例性实施方式；
图2以示意性截面图示出了根据本发明的线性致动器的第二示例性实施方式；以及
图3示出了可以与根据图1或图2的线性致动器一起使用的测量装置的第一示例性实施方式；以及
图4示出了可以与根据图1或图2的线性致动器一起使用的测量装置的第二示例性实施方式。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明所设计的线性致动器1的第一示例性实施方式。线性致动器1能够适于用作机动车辆的后车轴转向系统的部分并且可以使机动车辆的轮偏转。线性致动器1包括驱动器3，该驱动器例如可以被设计为电动马达。驱动器3经由传动装置4联接至可线性移动部件2，该可线性移动部件设计为车轴的形式。传动装置4构造成将驱动器3的旋转运动转换成部件2的线性运动。部件2能够沿着线性的轨迹T移动并且在线性致动器1的壳体5内延伸。在部件2的与传动装置4相反的侧部上，部件2连接至轮承载件连接元件7，轮承载件可以连接至该轮承载件连接元件，轮承载件承载机动车辆的待转向的轮。在示例性实施方式中，轮承载件连接元件7被设计为孔眼。线性致动器1的壳体5还包括紧固元件6，借助于该紧固元件可以将线性致动器1紧固至机动车辆的底盘元件或车身部分。
线性致动器1的另一部件是测量装置10，借助于该测量装置可以确定部件2沿着该部件的轨迹T的位置。测量装置10使得线性致动器1的紧凑设计能够实现并且将结合图3和图4进行更详细地描述。
图2中的图示示出了根据本发明的线性致动器1的第二示例性实施方式，在该第二示例性实施方式中，与根据第一示例性实施方式的线性致动器1行使相同功能的这些元件也由相同的附图标记表示。与第一示例性实施方式相比，根据第二示例性实施方式的线性致动器1设置有可移动部件2，该可移动部件在每种情况下在两个端部处连接至轮承载件连接元件7、8。因此，利用根据第二示例性实施方式的线性致动器1可以使公共车轴的两个轮偏转。
在图2中，由虚线指示下述区域：在该区域中，测量装置10可以布置成确定部件2的位置。结合图3和图4说明了适合的测量装置10。
图3示出了测量装置10的示意图，该测量装置可以与根据本发明的例如如图1或图2中所示的线性致动器一起使用。测量装置10包括线圈11，借助于该线圈可以感应地确定部件2的位置。根据本发明，线圈11相对于部件2的线性轨迹T同轴地布置，并且因此可以完全布置在线性致动器1的壳体5内部。这使得紧凑设计能够实现。
线圈11布置在线圈承载件12上，该线圈承载件被设计为注射模制件，例如被设计为塑料注射模制件。线圈承载件12包括用于线圈11的中空筒形的接纳区域12.1、以及用于将线圈承载件12紧固在壳体5的凹部5.1中的紧固区域12.2。紧固区域12.2连接至覆盖件13。覆盖件13布置在将部件2的轨迹封围的壳体5的凹部5.1中。在覆盖件13内部布置有与线圈11连接的评估电子设备14，并且评估电子设备用于评估由线圈11测量的信号。
根据图3的部件2包括能够由线圈11检测的靶轮廓9。在本实例下，靶轮廓9具有与部件2的轨迹T垂直的较大横截面。只要靶轮廓9相对于线圈11移动，该靶轮廓就会改变线圈11的电感。评估单元评估由线圈11测量的信号，并且使用电感或电感的变化来确定靶轮廓9的位置并且因此还确定部件2的位置。
根据图3中所示的示例性实施方式的变型，部件2可以具有替代靶轮廓或除了靶轮廓之外的材料过渡部，该材料过渡部可以由线圈11检测。在这样的材料过渡部中，部件2的材料的磁性特性改变、例如因为部件2的具有不同磁性特性的两个子元件彼此相邻而改变。
图3中所示的示例性实施方式的另一变型设置的是，在部件2上形成有由铁磁材料制成的靶，或者部件2由铁磁材料形成并且在该部件2上形成有由双相钢制成的靶。
图4示出了用于根据本发明的线性致动器1的测量装置1的另一变型。该测量装置1与根据图3的测量装置1基本相同，不同之处在于该测量装置包括用于感应地确定部件2的位置的恰好两个线圈11。两个线圈11是镜像对称的、相对于部件的线性轨迹T同轴地布置并且在设计上是相同的。两个线圈11都连接至评估电子设备14，并且构造成使得这两个线圈可以确定由两个线圈11测量的信号之间的差异且可以使用该差异来确定部件2的位置。
上述线性致动器1可以用于执行用于确定线控转向系统所用的线性致动器1的部件2的位置的方法，其中，部件2、特别是车轴或轴沿着线性轨迹T移动，并且其中，测量装置10用于确定部件2的位置。测量装置10包括用于感应地确定部件2的位置的线圈11，并且该线圈相对于部件2的线性轨迹T同轴地布置。
附图标记说明
1线性致动器2部件3驱动器4传动装置5壳体5.1凹部6紧固元件7轮承载件连接元件8轮承载件连接元件9靶轮廓10测量装置11线圈12线圈承载件12.1接纳区域12.2紧固区域13覆盖件14评估电子设备T轨迹。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于线控转向系统的线性致动器(1)，所述线性致动器具有能够沿着线性轨迹(T)移动的部件(2)并且具有用于确定所述部件(2)的位置的测量装置(10)，
其特征在于，
所述测量装置(10)具有用于感应地确定所述部件(2)的所述位置的线圈(11)，其中，所述线圈(11)相对于所述部件(2)的所述线性轨迹(T)同轴地布置，所述线圈(11)布置在线圈承载件(12)上，所述线圈承载件(12)具有用于将所述线圈承载件(12)紧固在将所述部件(2)的所述轨迹(T)封围的壳体(5)的凹部(5.1)中的紧固区域(12.2)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，所述线圈承载件(12)具有用于所述线圈(11)的接纳区域(12.1)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，在将所述部件(2)的所述轨迹封围的壳体(5)的凹部(5.1)中布置有覆盖件(13)，其中，所述线圈承载件(12)连接至所述覆盖件(13)。
4.根据前述权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，所述线圈(11)连接至评估电子设备(14)。
5.根据前述权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，所述测量装置(10)包括用于感应地确定所述部件(2)的所述位置的两个线圈(11)，其中，所述线圈(11)相对于所述部件的所述线性轨迹(T)同轴地布置。
6.根据前述权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，在所述部件(2)上布置有由铁磁材料制成的靶。
7.根据前述权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，所述部件(2)包括能够由所述线圈检测的材料过渡部或靶轮廓(9)。
8.根据前述权利要求1至3中的任一项所述的线性致动器，其特征在于，所述部件(2)由铁磁材料形成，并且在所述部件(2)上布置有由双相钢制成的靶。
9.一种用于确定线控转向系统所用的线性致动器(1)的部件(2)的位置的方法，其中，所述部件(2)沿着线性轨迹(T)移动，并且其中，所述部件(2)的所述位置借助于测量装置(10)来确定，所述测量装置包括用于感应地确定部件(2)的所述位置的线圈(11)，并且所述线圈相对于所述部件(2)的所述线性轨迹(T)同轴地布置，所述线圈(11)布置在线圈承载件(12)上，所述线圈承载件(12)具有用于将所述线圈承载件(12)紧固在将所述部件(2)的所述轨迹(T)封围的壳体(5)的凹部(5.1)中的紧固区域(12.2)。
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