CN114345263B - Thermal plasma reactor protection device - Google Patents
Thermal plasma reactor protection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114345263B CN114345263B CN202210088157.9A CN202210088157A CN114345263B CN 114345263 B CN114345263 B CN 114345263B CN 202210088157 A CN202210088157 A CN 202210088157A CN 114345263 B CN114345263 B CN 114345263B
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- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 9
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C4/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
- C07C4/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
- C07C4/04—Thermal processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal plasma reactor protection device, which comprises a cathode electrode, an anode electrode and protection electrodes, wherein the cathode electrode is fixed with a reactor through a cathode electrode fixing device, a cathode electrode electromagnetic coil is arranged outside the cathode electrode, a cathode electrode high-temperature-resistant insulator is arranged between the cathode electrode and the reactor, the anode electrode is fixed with the reactor through the anode electrode fixing device, an anode electrode electromagnetic coil is arranged outside the anode electrode, an anode electrode high-temperature-resistant insulator is arranged between the anode electrode and the reactor, protection electrode electromagnetic coils and protection electrode permanent magnets are arranged outside the two protection electrodes, and an inserting section insulator is arranged between the two protection electrodes and the reactor. The testing tool can solve the problem that the reactor is easy to damage due to the fact that the wall surface of the reactor is damaged when the arc is unstable and the arc is formed, and therefore the aims of prolonging the service life of the reactor, reducing production operation cost and guaranteeing safe operation are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reactors, in particular to a thermal plasma reactor protection device.
Background
Compared with the method for preparing acetylene by using calcium carbide, the method for preparing acetylene by using electric arc plasma to pyrolyze pulverized coal is considered as a revolution for producing acetylene by using the calcium carbide method due to the advantages of saving resources, reducing pollution emission, low energy consumption and the like. The technology for directly preparing acetylene by using plasma pyrolysis coal is recognized as a green chemical technology with great development prospect, and is different from the traditional coal conversion process, and the plasma coal pyrolysis obtains high-value products such as acetylene, hydrogen and the like through one-step reaction, and has the advantages of short flow, no catalyst, wide adaptability to coal quality, small reaction equipment, low investment and the like.
The plasma torch generates an ultra-high temperature heat source and a large amount of particles with high reactive ion states through electric arcs, can adopt oxidation, reduction or inert gases such as air, nitrogen, water vapor, argon and the like as carrier gases, and has wide application prospects in industrial furnaces with various functions such as gasification, cracking, reaction, melting, smelting and the like. In industrial application, the reaction condition of cracking coal into acetylene by plasma is extremely harsh, and is an ultra-short contact reaction process of millisecond level, and the thermal plasma reactor is damaged by repeated arc channeling in research and development experiments, so that the thermal plasma reactor has high cost, and is a main difficulty in research and development.
There is a need in the marketplace for a safe and effective means of protecting a thermal plasma reactor. The successful development of the method can greatly assist the improvement of the related process level, especially the improvement of the service life of the key thermal plasma reactor can greatly reduce the production operation cost and provide guarantee for safe operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a thermal plasma reactor protection device, which can overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
The utility model provides a thermal plasma reactor protection device, includes the negative electrode, the right-hand positive electrode that is equipped with of negative electrode, the negative electrode the below of positive electrode all is equipped with the guard electrode, the negative electrode middle part is connected with negative electrode fixing device, the right-hand member of negative electrode fixing device is fixed with the left end of reactor, the outside of negative electrode left end is equipped with negative electrode solenoid, be equipped with negative electrode high temperature resistant insulator between the right-hand member of negative electrode and the reactor, the positive electrode middle part is connected with positive electrode fixing device, positive electrode fixing device's left end is fixed with the right-hand member of reactor, the outside of positive electrode right-hand member is equipped with positive electrode solenoid, the left end of positive electrode with be equipped with positive electrode high temperature resistant insulator between the reactor, two the outside that keeps away from reactor one end of guard electrode all is equipped with guard electrode solenoid, two the one end that the guard electrode is close to the reactor with all be equipped with the inserted section insulator between the reactor, two the outside that guard electrode is close to the one end of reactor all is equipped with the guard electrode.
Further, the cathode electrode is of a hollow structure, a cathode electrode air supply device is arranged at the left end of the cathode electrode, and a plurality of air supply holes are formed in the cathode electrode air supply device.
Further, a cathode cooling device is arranged outside the cathode.
Further, the anode is of a hollow structure, an anode air supply device is arranged at the right end of the anode, and a plurality of air supply holes are formed in the anode air supply device.
Further, an anode cooling device is arranged outside the anode.
Further, the insert section insulator is a multi-stage insulator.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the thermal plasma reactor protection device can solve the problem that the reactor is easy to damage due to the fact that the wall surface of the reactor is damaged under the condition of unstable arc channeling of an electric arc, thereby achieving the purposes of prolonging the service life of the reactor, reducing the production operation cost and providing guarantee for safe operation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a thermal plasma reactor protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of example 2 of a thermal plasma reactor protection device according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a guard electrode of example 2 of a thermal plasma reactor guard according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is an arc diagram of example 2 of a thermal plasma reactor protection device according to an embodiment of the invention;
In the figure: 100. the device comprises a reactor, 1, a cathode, 101, a cathode air supply device, 102, a cathode cooling device, 2, a cathode fixing device, 3, a cathode electromagnetic coil, 4, a cathode high-temperature-resistant insulator, 5, an anode, 501, an anode air supply device, 502, an anode cooling device, 6, an anode fixing device, 7, an anode electromagnetic coil, 8, an anode high-temperature-resistant insulator, 9, a protective electrode, 10, a protective electrode electromagnetic coil, 11, an inserting section insulator, 12 and a protective electrode permanent magnet.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which are derived by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the thermal plasma reactor protection device according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a cathode 1, an anode 5 is arranged on the right side of the cathode 1, protection electrodes 9 are arranged on the lower sides of the anode 1 and the anode 5, the middle part of the cathode 1 is connected with the cathode fixing device 2, the right end of the cathode fixing device 2 is fixed with the left end of the reactor 100, a cathode electromagnetic coil 3 is arranged on the outer part of the left end of the cathode 1, a cathode high temperature resistant insulator 4 is arranged between the right end of the cathode 1 and the reactor 100, the middle part of the anode 5 is connected with the anode fixing device 6, the left end of the anode fixing device 6 is fixed with the right end of the reactor 100, an anode electromagnetic coil 7 is arranged on the outer part of the right end of the anode 5, an anode high temperature resistant insulator 8 is arranged between the left end of the anode 5 and the reactor 100, protection electrode electromagnetic coils 10 are arranged on the outer parts of one ends of the two protection electrodes 9, which are far away from the reactor 100, one ends of the two protection electrodes 9, which are close to the reactor 100, are provided with permanent magnets 12, and one ends of the two protection electrodes 12 are inserted between the two protection electrodes 100, which are close to the two protection electrodes 100.
The cathode 1 is of a hollow structure, the magnetic field intensity of the hollow area of the cathode 1 can be controlled by controlling the cathode electromagnetic coil 3, the left end of the cathode 1 is provided with a cathode air supply device 101, air flow is supplied along the parallel direction of the axis of the cathode 1, the cathode air supply device 101 is provided with a plurality of air supply holes, and plasma torch carrier gas enters tangentially through the air supply holes and flows annularly along the inner wall surface.
The cathode 1 is externally provided with a cathode cooling device 102, and is cooled by water cooling.
The above-mentioned positive electrode 5 is hollow structure, the right-hand member of positive electrode 5 is equipped with positive electrode air feeder 501, and the air current is followed positive electrode 5 axis parallel direction supplies, positive electrode air feeder 501 is equipped with a plurality of air supply holes, and the plasma torch carrier gas is through the tangential entering of air supply hole and along the annular flow of inner wall surface.
The anode electrode 5 is externally provided with an anode electrode cooling device 502, and is cooled by water cooling.
The insert insulator 11 is a multi-stage insulator, and the number of stages of the insulator is determined by the power of the plasma torch.
The number of the cathode electrodes 1 is one or more, and the design is carried out according to practical situations.
The number of the anode electrodes 5 is one or more, and the design is carried out according to practical situations.
The negative electrode electromagnetic coil 3, the positive electrode electromagnetic coil 7 and the protective electrode electromagnetic coil 10 adopt current magnetic induction coils, so that the magnetic field can be generated only when an electric arc is sensed, and the waste of energy sources is avoided.
The anode 5, cathode 1, and guard 9 may be copper or carbon electrodes.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, the cathode 1 of embodiment 2 of the present invention is a solid structure, and a cathode gas supply device 101 is connected to the reactor 100.
As shown in fig. 2, the anode 5 of embodiment 2 of the present invention is a solid structure, and an anode gas supply device 501 is connected to the reactor 100.
As shown in fig. 3, the number of guard electrodes 9 in embodiment 2 of the present invention is 4.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the following describes the above technical solutions of the present invention in detail by a specific usage manner.
When the reactor is specifically used, as shown in fig. 4, during starting, gas between the cathode electrode 1 and the anode electrode 5 is ionized to form an electric arc, after the arcing is successful and stable, ionized substances are filled between the cathode electrode 1 and the anode electrode 5, the arc movement track between the cathode electrode 1 and the anode electrode 5 is unstable under the action of air flow, the arc moves to form a new track electric arc under the action of air flow speed, so that the electric arc movement track is changed to form a final electric arc under the action of magnetic field force formed by the air flow and the magnetic induction coil and the electromagnetic field repulsive force formed by the protection electrode, and therefore, the electric arc movement range is controlled in the middle area of the reactor to form a large and stable electric arc, and the wall surface of the reactor is prevented from being damaged under the condition of unstable arc channeling, thereby prolonging the service life of the reactor.
In summary, by means of the technical scheme, the problem that the reactor wall is damaged easily due to the fact that the reactor wall is damaged under the condition of unstable arc channeling can be solved, and therefore the purposes of prolonging the service life of the reactor, reducing production operation cost and guaranteeing safe operation are achieved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a thermal plasma reactor protection device, its characterized in that includes negative electrode (1), the right-hand positive electrode (5) that is equipped with of negative electrode (1), negative electrode (1) positive electrode (5) below all is equipped with guard electrode (9), negative electrode (1) middle part is connected with negative electrode fixing device (2), negative electrode fixing device (2) right-hand member is fixed with reactor (100) left end, negative electrode (1) left-hand member outside is equipped with negative electrode solenoid (3), be equipped with negative electrode high temperature resistant insulator (4) between negative electrode (1) right-hand member and reactor (100), positive electrode (5) middle part is connected with positive electrode fixing device (6), positive electrode (5) right-hand member's outside is equipped with positive electrode solenoid (7), be equipped with positive electrode high temperature resistant insulator (8) between positive electrode (5) the left end and reactor (100), be equipped with between two ends of guard electrode (9) and reactor (100) are equipped with between two end that are close to guard electrode (100) high temperature resistant insulator (9) and reactor (100), the outside of one end of each protection electrode (9) close to the reactor (100) is provided with a protection electrode permanent magnet (12).
2. The protection device according to claim 1, wherein the cathode (1) has a hollow structure, a cathode air supply device (101) is disposed at the left end of the cathode (1), and a plurality of air supply holes are disposed in the cathode air supply device (101).
3. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cathode (1) is externally provided with a cathode cooling device (102).
4. The protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode (5) is of a hollow structure, the right end of the anode (5) is provided with an anode air supply device (501), and the anode air supply device (501) is provided with a plurality of air supply holes.
5. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode (5) is externally provided with an anode cooling device (502).
6. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert insulator (11) is a multi-stage insulator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210088157.9A CN114345263B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Thermal plasma reactor protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210088157.9A CN114345263B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Thermal plasma reactor protection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114345263A CN114345263A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
| CN114345263B true CN114345263B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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| CN202210088157.9A Active CN114345263B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Thermal plasma reactor protection device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114345263B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4958057A (en) * | 1988-04-26 | 1990-09-18 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Transfer-type plasma torch with ring-shaped cathode and with processing gas passage provide interiorly of the cathode |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114345263A (en) | 2022-04-15 |
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