CN214307122U

CN214307122U - Low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace

Info

Publication number: CN214307122U
Application number: CN202022621463.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程淑艳; 寇佳伟; 薛静; 张慧敏; 王涛
Original assignee: Shanxi University
Current assignee: Shanxi University
Priority date: 2020-11-13
Filing date: 2020-11-13
Publication date: 2021-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace, which comprises a reaction furnace body, wherein the upper end of a top cover of the reaction furnace body is connected with a valve and a flowmeter; a hollow graphite electrode extending into the furnace is arranged in the center of the top cover, a high-frequency coil is wound on the surface of the hollow graphite electrode, and two ends of the high-frequency coil are connected with a high-frequency power supply arranged outside the reaction furnace body; an anode plate is arranged at the upper part of a hearth of the reaction furnace body, a waste material reaction chamber is arranged at the middle part of the hearth, and a cathode plate is arranged at the lower part of the hearth; the reactor comprises a reaction furnace body, a top cover, a bottom vacuum system interface, a molten mass discharge port, a gas outlet, a gas collecting chamber and a gas collecting chamber, wherein the top cover center of the reaction furnace body is provided with a hollow graphite electrode extending into the furnace, the bottom vacuum system interface of a hearth of the reaction furnace body is provided with a molten mass discharge port at the lower part of the side surface of the hearth of the reaction furnace body, the upper part of the reaction furnace body is provided with a gas outlet for discharging high-temperature pyrolysis gas, and the gas outlet is connected with the gas collecting chamber. The utility model discloses an anode plate and negative plate are arranged to upper portion and lower part in the stove, have solved low temperature plasma oxidative degradation reacting furnace quenching problem.

Description

Low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a waste incineration innocent treatment technique, concretely relates to low temperature plasma oxidative degradation reacting furnace.

Background

At present, a graphite electrode is arranged in a plasma reaction furnace for waste incineration degradation, under the action of a high-frequency electric field, high-energy atoms in an excited state are generated, the atoms in the excited state emit outer-layer electrons through radiation, and return to a ground state to release energy, and positive atoms and free electrons with high energy are easy to collide and compound into oxygen atoms, so that oxygen positive ions with strong oxidizability are quenched and lost, the quantity of the oxygen positive ions is reduced, the material oxidative degradation rate is reduced, the material can be completely degraded only by additionally heating to 500-800 ℃, and the energy consumption is increased. Therefore, the research and development of the low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace has important significance for solving the quenching problem of the existing waste incineration degradation plasma reaction furnace and the high energy consumption problem of high-temperature heating.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a low temperature plasma oxidative degradation reacting furnace to solve the quenching problem of current waste incineration degradation plasma reacting furnace, and the high power consumption problem of high temperature heating.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace comprises a reaction furnace body, wherein the upper end of a top cover of the reaction furnace body is connected with a valve and a flowmeter; a hollow graphite electrode extending into the furnace is arranged in the center of the top cover, a high-frequency coil is wound on the surface of the hollow graphite electrode, and two ends of the high-frequency coil are connected with a high-frequency power supply arranged outside the reaction furnace body; the upper part of a hearth of the reaction furnace body is provided with an anode plate for separating electrons, the middle part of the hearth is provided with a waste material reaction chamber, and the lower part of the hearth is provided with a cathode plate for separating oxygen positive ions and preventing the oxygen positive ions and the electrons from being compounded into atomic oxygen to generate quenching; a hollow graphite electrode extending into the reaction furnace is arranged in the center of a top cover of the reaction furnace body, a vacuum system interface is arranged at the bottom of a hearth of the reaction furnace body and is connected with a vacuum gauge and a vacuum pump, the vacuum system enables gaseous substances generated by garbage decomposition to be rapidly discharged, and the vacuum degree is kept at 0.1-0.3 kPa, so that material oxidation is facilitated; the lower part of the side surface of the hearth of the reaction furnace body is provided with a molten mass discharge port, the upper part of the reaction furnace body is provided with a gas outlet for discharging high-temperature pyrolysis gas, and the gas outlet is connected with a gas collecting chamber.

Preferably, the inner surface of the reaction furnace body is provided with a refractory material furnace lining and a heat insulation layer.

Preferably, the waste material reaction chamber comprises a material bin, copper mesh sieve plates are arranged around the material bin, air holes are distributed in the copper mesh sieve plates and used for steam to pass through after combustion, and a preheating device is arranged below the material bin. The preheating temperature is 50-150 ℃.

Preferably, the hollow part of the hollow graphite electrode is a channel for inputting the waste material to be treated and oxygen into the reaction furnace body; the hollow graphite electrode penetrates through the anode plate and is arranged at the top of the waste material reaction chamber.

Preferably, the anode plate and the cathode plate are copper purple plates with the thickness of 2-4 mm.

Preferably, the high-frequency coil is a red copper wire with the diameter of 10-15 mm, and the number of winding turns of the high-frequency coil on the hollow graphite electrode is matched with the power of the high-frequency power supply.

Preferably, the upper end of the top cover of the reaction furnace body is connected with an oxygen source through a connecting valve and a flowmeter; the valve is a needle valve, and the flowmeter is a rotor flowmeter. The flow rate of oxygen is controlled to be 100-600 mL/min.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:

1. the utility model discloses a low temperature plasma technique can realize the innocent treatment of rubbish material, the energy saving.

2. The utility model discloses an anode plate and negative plate are arranged to upper portion and lower part in the stove, make the oxygen positive ion of the excited state that the ionization of molecular state oxygen goes out move to lower extreme negative plate under the electric field effect, the electron moves to the positive plate of upper end, the oxygen positive ion and the electron that effectively avoid the ionization to produce combine for atomic oxygen, solved low temperature plasma oxidative degradation reacting furnace quenching problem, this separation process can increase the kinetic energy of oxygen positive ion by a wide margin simultaneously, high-speed oxygen positive ion's bombardment can accelerate rubbish decomposition.

3. The utility model discloses a material storehouse adopts preheating device, and preheating temperature is 50 ~ 150 ℃, effective energy saving consumes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the material reaction chamber of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the refractory material lining and the heat insulation layer of the intermediate reaction furnace body.

In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1, a reaction furnace body, 101, a refractory material furnace lining, 102, a heat insulation layer, 2, a high-frequency power supply, 3, a material reaction chamber, 301, a material bin, 302, a sieve plate, 303, an air hole, 4, a needle valve, 5, a rotor flow meter, 6, a hollow graphite electrode, 7, a high-frequency coil, 8, an anode plate, 9, a cathode plate, 10, a vacuum gauge, 11, a vacuum pump, 12, a melt discharge port, 13, a gas outlet, 14, a gas collection chamber and 15, and a vacuum system interface.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the specific embodiments with reference to the drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are merely to aid in understanding the present invention and should not be considered as specific limitations of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, a low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace comprises a reaction furnace body 1, wherein the upper end of a top cover of the reaction furnace body 1 is connected with a valve 4 and a flowmeter 5; a hollow graphite electrode 6 extending into the furnace is arranged in the center of the top cover, penetrates through an anode plate 8 and is arranged at the top of the waste material reaction chamber 3; the hollow part of the hollow graphite electrode 6 is a channel for inputting waste materials to be treated and oxygen into the reaction furnace body 1; the surface of the hollow graphite electrode 6 is wound with a high-frequency coil 7, the high-frequency coil 7 is a red copper wire with the diameter of 10-15 mm, and the number of winding turns of the high-frequency coil on the hollow graphite electrode 6 is matched with the power of the high-frequency power supply 2; two ends of the high-frequency coil 7 are connected with a high-frequency power supply 2 arranged outside the reaction furnace body 1; an anode plate 8 is arranged at the upper part of a hearth of the reaction furnace body 1, a waste material reaction chamber 3 is arranged at the middle part, and a cathode plate 9 is arranged at the lower part; a hollow graphite electrode 6 extending into the reaction furnace is arranged in the center of a top cover of the reaction furnace body 1, a vacuum system interface 15 is arranged at the bottom of a hearth of the reaction furnace body 1, and the vacuum system interface 15 is connected with a vacuum gauge 10 and a vacuum pump 11; the lower part of the side surface of the hearth of the reaction furnace body 1 is provided with a molten mass discharge port 12, the upper part is provided with a gas outlet 13 for discharging high-temperature pyrolysis gas, and the gas outlet 13 is connected with a gas collecting chamber 14.

Wherein, the inner surface of the reaction furnace body 1 is provided with a refractory material furnace lining 101 and a heat insulation layer 102.

The waste material reaction chamber 3 comprises a material bin 301, copper mesh sieve plates 302 are arranged on the periphery of the material bin 301, and air holes 303 are distributed in the copper mesh sieve plates 302 and used for steam to pass through after combustion; a preheating device is arranged below the material bin 301.

Wherein, valve 4 chooses the needle valve for use, flowmeter 5 chooses the rotameter for use.

The utility model discloses a use method as follows:

firstly, garbage materials enter a material bin 301 in a material reaction chamber 3 through a hollow channel of a graphite electrode, and a preheating device below the material bin is opened to reach a certain temperature. The high-frequency power supply 2 is switched on, external oxygen passes through the rotor flow meter 5 and enters the reaction furnace body 1 through the needle valve control 4, under the action of a high-frequency electric field, positive valence atomic oxygen and negative valence atomic oxygen are ionized on the surface of the graphite electrode, negative valence electrons are on an anode plate 8 at the upper end of the reaction furnace body 1, positive valence oxygen ions migrate downwards due to the attraction of a cathode plate 9 at the upper end of the reaction furnace body 1 and bombard crushed garbage materials at high speed, so that the garbage materials are decomposed into gas, a gas outlet 13 for discharging high-temperature pyrolysis gas is arranged on the upper side surface of the furnace wall of the reaction furnace body 1 and discharges the gas into a gas collecting chamber 14, and residual molten solid is discharged from a melting body discharge port 12 arranged on the side surface of the bottom of the furnace of the reaction furnace body 1.

Claims

1. A low-temperature plasma oxidation degradation reaction furnace is characterized in that: the reaction furnace comprises a reaction furnace body (1), wherein the upper end of a top cover of the reaction furnace body (1) is connected with a valve (4) and a flowmeter (5); a hollow graphite electrode (6) extending into the furnace is arranged in the center of the top cover, a high-frequency coil (7) is wound on the surface of the hollow graphite electrode (6), and two ends of the high-frequency coil (7) are connected with a high-frequency power supply (2) arranged outside the reaction furnace body (1); an anode plate (8) is arranged at the upper part of a hearth of the reaction furnace body (1), a waste material reaction chamber (3) is arranged at the middle part, and a cathode plate (9) is arranged at the lower part; a hollow graphite electrode (6) extending into the reaction furnace is arranged in the center of a top cover of the reaction furnace body (1), a vacuum system interface (15) is arranged at the bottom of a hearth of the reaction furnace body (1), and the vacuum system interface (15) is connected with a vacuum gauge (10) and a vacuum pump (11); the lower part of the side surface of the hearth of the reaction furnace body (1) is provided with a molten mass discharge port (12), the upper part of the reaction furnace body is provided with a gas outlet (13) for discharging high-temperature pyrolysis gas, and the gas outlet (13) is connected with a gas collecting chamber (14).

2. The low-temperature plasma oxidative degradation reaction furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner surface of the reaction furnace body (1) is provided with a refractory material furnace lining (101) and a heat insulation layer (102).

3. The low-temperature plasma oxidative degradation reaction furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waste material reaction chamber (3) comprises a material bin (301), copper mesh sieve plates (303) are arranged on the periphery of the material bin (301), and air holes (304) are distributed in the copper mesh sieve plates (303) and used for allowing steam after combustion to pass through; a preheating device (302) is arranged below the material bin (301).

4. The low-temperature plasma oxidative degradation reaction furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hollow part of the hollow graphite electrode (6) is a channel for inputting waste materials to be treated and oxygen into the reaction furnace body (1); the hollow graphite electrode (6) penetrates through the anode plate (8) and is arranged at the top of the waste material reaction chamber (3).

5. The low-temperature plasma oxidative degradation reaction furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the anode plate (8) and the cathode plate (9) are copper purple plates with the thickness of 2-4 mm.

6. The low-temperature plasma oxidative degradation reaction furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the high-frequency coil (7) is a red copper wire with the diameter of 10-15 mm, and the number of winding turns of the high-frequency coil on the hollow graphite electrode (6) is matched with the power of the high-frequency power supply (2).

7. The low-temperature plasma oxidative degradation reaction furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the top cover of the reaction furnace body (1) is connected with an oxygen source through a connecting valve (4) and a flowmeter (5); the valve (4) is a needle valve, and the flowmeter (5) is a rotor flowmeter.