CN210386934U - Dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus - Google Patents
Dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN210386934U CN210386934U CN201921023169.3U CN201921023169U CN210386934U CN 210386934 U CN210386934 U CN 210386934U CN 201921023169 U CN201921023169 U CN 201921023169U CN 210386934 U CN210386934 U CN 210386934U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device, which comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein one end of the plasma furnace is provided with the feeder, the other end of the plasma furnace is provided with a discharge hole, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor, and an automatic control combustion device is adopted, so that dangerous solid waste is fully combusted under the working condition of 3T + E, and dioxin and NOX are effectively controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a dangerous solid waste handles the field, especially relates to dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus.
Background
In the field of waste treatment, the treatment of hazardous solid waste is always a research focus, and the treatment of pollutants such as dioxin, heavy metals, toxic waste residues and the like is more important. The development of a waste treatment method and a waste treatment device with high efficiency, good safety and thorough treatment effect is a key technical problem to be solved at present.
Organic pollutants such as dioxin and the like have the characteristics of high thermal stability, high environmental stability and the like. The fuel-type melting furnace and the electric melting furnace which are adopted at present cannot completely treat the molten steel. The thermal plasma has high temperature and high energy density, the processing speed is high, the device is small, and the processing capacity is high; capable of processing waste in various forms, including liquids, solids, and gases; can treat refractory wastes with high melting point. From the perspective of adaptability of materials treated at home and abroad and emission control of pollution, along with the development of the treatment requirement of dangerous solid waste in China, the plasma melting furnace technology, in particular to the dangerous solid waste melting technology without combustion heat value, has advanced and economic requirements at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses a dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus can adopt automatic control burner, makes dangerous solid waste fully burn under the operating mode of "3T + E (3T: temperature, torrent, time, E: excess air factor)," makes dioxin and NOX effectively controlled.
This neotype technical scheme does:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor.
Preferably, the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; 1 graphite electrode or a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged at the top of the plasma furnace or in a direction which forms an angle of 0-90 degrees with the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material.
Preferably, the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a cylindrical or dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
furthermore, the furnace body of the plasma furnace is composed of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, and the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected.
Further, the material of the crucible is a conductive material, and graphite is preferable.
Preferably, the thermocouples are S-shaped thermocouples and are respectively arranged in the hearth and at positions with different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa.
Further, an S-shaped thermocouple is arranged at a discharge port of the plasma furnace; the discharge port of the plasma furnace is also provided with a heating device, preferably, the heating device is an induction heating device.
Further, the plasma furnace is also provided with a vent hole; the diameter of the vent hole is preferably 3cm, and the filling gas is nitrogen or argon, preferably nitrogen or argon with the purity higher than 99.8%; the charging flow rate is 200Nm3/h。
The dangerous solid waste comprises dioxin, heavy metal and toxic waste residues.
The working method of the dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises the steps of putting dangerous solid waste into a plasma furnace through a feeding hole, then introducing nitrogen or argon with the purity higher than 99.8% into the furnace through a gas supply system, starting a power supply, and generating thermal plasma between a top graphite electrode and the bottom of the plasma furnace; the power of the plasma generator is controlled by two parts, respectively: temperature control, resistance control. When the temperature in the furnace does not reach the melting temperature of the solid, namely 1300-1500 ℃, the plasma generator keeps high power of 50-80MW output, after the solid is melted, the output power of the plasma generator is reduced to 20-40MW, and the resistance between the liquid level of the melt in the furnace and the upper electrode is linearly related to the distance between the liquid level of the melt in the furnace and the upper electrode, so that the output power of the plasma generator can be controlled by controlling the motor to keep the distance between the liquid level of the melt and the upper electrode to keep the resistance between the liquid level of the melt in the furnace and the top graphite electrode within the range of 1000 +/-20 ohms, and the stable output power of the plasma generator can be realized by the control method. After the waste is melted, continuously heating for 5min at the melting temperature to thoroughly degrade organic matters such as dioxin, discharging the melted waste from a discharge port, and quenching the waste in water to form a glass body.
72% of the energy generated by the plasma generator can be used for treating waste materials, wherein the energy ratios of radiation, convection and electrode effects are respectively as follows: 10%, 50% and 12%. The heat lost by the furnace body is 28%, wherein the energy lost by radiation, convection and electrode effect is respectively as follows: 20%, 4%, see fig. 2.
The utility model discloses a dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus, which adopts the technology of melting and processing dangerous solid waste by a plasma arc furnace. The plasma arc furnace has good mechanical structure and performance, is provided with a precise air supply system and an advanced automatic control combustion device, so that dangerous solid wastes can be fully combusted under the working condition of 3T + E (3T: temperature, turbulence, time, E: excess air coefficient), and dioxin and NOX can be effectively controlled.
This neotype beneficial effect does:
(1) the thermal plasma has high temperature and high energy density, correspondingly, the treatment speed is high, the device is small and the treatment capacity is high;
(2) capable of processing waste in various forms, including liquids, solids, and gases;
(3) the refractory wastes with high melting points can be treated, and the treatment effect is thorough;
(4) the method takes electricity as an energy source, and fuel and oxidant are not needed, so that the gas flow is much smaller than that of the traditional combustion, and the tail gas treatment cost is lower.
(5) The energy utilization efficiency is high, and the graphite electrode does not need water cooling (the heat loss caused by the electrode cooling water of the plasma torch accounts for 10 to 30 percent);
(6) maintenance costs for graphite arc devices are generally low due to the relatively simple process.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a hazardous solid waste plasma treatment device;
FIG. 2: a discharge and power distribution schematic diagram of a dangerous solid waste plasma treatment device;
wherein 1: a feeder, 2: plasma furnace, 3: motor, 4: temperature controller, 5: conveyor, 6: cooling device, 7: thermocouple, 8: crucible, 9: graphite electrode, 10: conductive ring, 11: steel shell, 12: discharge port, 13: thermal insulation layer, 14: power supply, 15: and (4) a vent hole.
Detailed Description
One of the core ideas of the present novel embodiment is to provide a new concept for obtaining a titanium sheet with a non-uniform lamellar structure with nanocrystalline strength and coarse grain plasticity at the same time, and in particular, to correspondingly provide a cyclic thermal machining method for a titanium sheet with a non-uniform lamellar structure.
Although the method of the embodiment is described by using the metallic titanium, the method can also be applied to the preparation of other metal materials, particularly single-phase metal and alloy materials which mainly adopt twinning as a plastic deformation mechanism, and when the method is applied to the preparation of other metal materials, only adaptive parameter adjustment needs to be carried out according to the characteristics of the metal materials. The following examples are described with a metal titanium plate as a preferred example.
Example 1:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor.
Example 2:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; 1 graphite electrode or a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged at the top of the plasma furnace or in the direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material.
Example 3:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; 1 graphite electrode or a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged at the top of the plasma furnace or in the direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a cylindrical or dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s.
Example 4:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; 1 graphite electrode or a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged at the top of the plasma furnace or in the direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a cylindrical or dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
the furnace body of the plasma furnace consists of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, wherein the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected.
Example 5:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; 1 graphite electrode is arranged on the top of the plasma furnace or in a direction which is 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is of a cylindrical structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
the plasma furnace body consists of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, wherein the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected;
the crucible is made of conductive material, namely graphite; the thermocouple for detection adopts an S-shaped thermocouple and is respectively arranged in the hearth and at positions with different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa.
Example 6:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged on the top of the plasma furnace or in a direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
the plasma furnace body consists of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, wherein the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected;
the crucible is made of conductive material, namely graphite; the thermocouple for detection adopts an S-shaped thermocouple and is respectively arranged in the hearth and at positions with different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa.
Example 7:
a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged on the top of the plasma furnace or in a direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
the plasma furnace body consists of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, wherein the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected;
the crucible is made of conductive material, namely graphite; the thermocouple for detection adopts an S-shaped thermocouple and is respectively arranged in the hearth and at positions with different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the air pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa;
an S-shaped thermocouple is arranged at a discharge port of the plasma furnace; the discharge hole of the plasma furnace is also provided with a heating device which is an induction heating device.
Example 8: a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged on the top of the plasma furnace or in a direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
the plasma furnace body consists of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, wherein the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected;
the crucible is made of conductive material, namely graphite; the thermocouple for detection adopts an S-shaped thermocouple and is respectively arranged in the hearth and at positions with different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the air pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa;
the plasma furnace is also provided with a vent hole; the diameter of the vent hole is preferably 3cm, and the filling gas is nitrogen or argon, preferably nitrogen or argon with the purity higher than 99.8%; the aeration flow rate was 200Nm 3/h.
The dangerous solid waste comprises dioxin, heavy metal and toxic waste residues.
Example 9: a dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of the power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor;
the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged on the top of the plasma furnace or in a direction of 0-900 times the vertical direction; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material;
the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s;
the plasma furnace body consists of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and a steel shell, wherein the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat-insulating materials and the steel shell are sequentially and tightly connected;
the crucible is made of conductive material, namely graphite; the thermocouple for detection adopts an S-shaped thermocouple and is respectively arranged in the hearth and at positions with different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the air pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa;
the plasma furnace is also provided with a vent hole; the diameter of the vent hole is preferably 3cm, and the filling gas is nitrogen or argon, preferably nitrogen or argon with the purity higher than 99.8%; the aeration flow rate is 200Nm3/h,
the dangerous solid waste comprises dioxin, heavy metal and toxic waste residues.
The working method of the dangerous solid waste plasma processing device comprises the steps of putting dangerous solid waste into a plasma furnace through a feeding hole, introducing nitrogen or argon into the furnace through a gas supply system, starting a power supply, and generating thermal plasma between a top graphite electrode and the bottom of the plasma furnace; when the temperature in the furnace does not reach the melting temperature of the solid, the power output of the plasma generator is kept between 50 and 80MW, after the solid is melted, the power output of the plasma generator is reduced to 20 to 40MW, the distance between the liquid level of the melt and the upper electrode is kept by controlling the motor to keep the resistance between the liquid level of the melt in the furnace and the top graphite electrode within the range of 1000 +/-20 ohms, so that the output power of the plasma generator is controlled, the output power of the plasma generator is stabilized, after the waste is melted, the dangerous solid waste is continuously heated and thoroughly degraded at the melting temperature, and the melted waste is discharged from the discharge hole.
The principle and the implementation of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the present invention.
Thus, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that while various exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations and modifications can be made, which are consistent with the principles of this invention, from the disclosure of this invention, and which may be directly determined or derived without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. A dangerous solid waste plasma processing device is characterized in that: the plasma furnace comprises a feeder, a plasma furnace, a motor, a temperature controller, a conveyor and a cooling device, wherein the feeder is arranged at one end of the plasma furnace, a discharge hole is arranged at the other end of the plasma furnace, the discharge hole corresponds to the conveyor, and the cooling device is arranged outside the conveyor; the temperature controller is connected with a thermocouple of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire; one end of a power supply is connected with the crucible at the bottom of the plasma furnace through a conducting wire, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the graphite electrode at the top of the plasma furnace through an external conducting ring through a conducting wire; the graphite electrode is connected with the motor.
2. The hazardous solid waste plasma processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cooling device is a cooling water tank; the motor is a lifting motor; the power supply is a direct current power supply; the plasma furnace uses direct current plasma; the top of the plasma furnace or the vertical direction is 0-90 DEG01 graphite electrode or a plurality of graphite electrodes are arranged in the direction of the graphite electrode; the bottom of the plasma furnace is made of graphite material.
3. The hazardous solid waste plasma processing apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the bottom of the plasma furnace is of a flat bottom structure or a downward concave structure; the lower end of the graphite electrode is in a cylindrical or dispersed needle-shaped structure; the graphite electrode is connected with a motor and is controlled by a lifting motor to be adjusted up and down at 0.01-0.04 m/s.
4. The plasma treatment apparatus for hazardous solid waste according to claim 2, wherein the body of the plasma furnace is composed of a crucible, a plurality of layers of refractory and heat insulating materials and a steel shell, and the crucible, the plurality of layers of refractory and heat insulating materials and the steel shell are closely connected in this order.
5. The hazardous solid waste plasma processing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the material of the crucible is conductive material, and graphite is preferred.
6. The plasma treatment device for hazardous solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the thermocouple is an S-shaped thermocouple and is respectively installed inside the hearth and at different thicknesses of refractory materials of the furnace body; the pressure in the furnace is maintained between-100 Pa and-50 Pa.
7. The hazardous solid waste plasma processing apparatus of claim 6, wherein: an S-shaped thermocouple is arranged at a discharge port of the plasma furnace; the discharge port of the plasma furnace is also provided with a heating device, preferably, the heating device is an induction heating device.
8. The hazardous solid waste plasma processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the plasma furnace is also provided with a vent hole; the diameter of the vent hole is preferably 3cm, and the filling gas is nitrogen or argon, preferably nitrogen or argon with the purity higher than 99.8%; the charging flow rate is 200Nm3/h。
9. The hazardous solid waste plasma processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the dangerous solid waste comprises dioxin, heavy metal and toxic waste residues.
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