CN216346296U - Electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials - Google Patents
Electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN216346296U CN216346296U CN202122599658.7U CN202122599658U CN216346296U CN 216346296 U CN216346296 U CN 216346296U CN 202122599658 U CN202122599658 U CN 202122599658U CN 216346296 U CN216346296 U CN 216346296U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials, relates to the technical field of hazardous material harmlessness, and solves the technical problems that smoke discharged by an existing furnace body for treating hazardous waste materials is still more in harmful components, the working efficiency of the furnace body is low and the like. The electrode heating furnace comprises an electrode for heating materials at the bottom of a furnace body, wherein the electrode is vertically and movably arranged on the furnace body and is driven up and down by a vertical linear driving mechanism arranged on one side of the furnace body so as to adjust the distance from the bottom end of the electrode to the bottom of the furnace body. According to the utility model, the height of the electrode is adjustable through the vertical linear driving mechanism, so that the electrode heating area can be positioned at the central position of a melt, the bottom temperature is ensured, and the height position of the electrode can be adjusted according to the thickness of a metal deposition layer, thereby reducing the frequency of shutdown and metal discharge operation and improving the hazardous waste treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hazardous material harmlessness, in particular to the technical field of an electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials.
Background
When dangerous waste materials such as an automobile engine oil filter element, liquid crystal display glass, a paint bucket, waste oil, waste liquid and the like are recycled, burning treatment is mainly carried out in a rotary kiln, and residues after burning treatment in the rotary kiln still belong to the category of dangerous waste, so that the residues are further treated by electric furnace melting, gasification of a plasma torch gasifier and the like.
Although the existing electric furnace melting can solve the vitrification problem of residues, harmful gas generated in the melting process is directly discharged to pollute the atmosphere, so that the harmful gas can be discharged only after being further treated and is harmless. For example, CN209893413U discloses a fluxing plasma furnace, which comprises a fluxing electrode for heating the bottom of a melting chamber for storing hazardous waste, a gasification transition section connecting the melting chamber with a flue gas treatment chamber, and a plasma torch disposed in the gasification transition section and conducting heat to the upper end of the melting chamber by heating air (the flame of the plasma torch cannot be put into a fluid, which is suitable for heating gas, so it conducts heat to hazardous waste mainly by heating air). When the prior art is used, a plurality of problems exist:
1. sufficient flue gas retention time and reduction atmosphere are obtained through the gasification transition section, so that partial treatment is carried out on the flue gas, the harmful components of the flue gas are reduced, but the treatment on the flue gas is still incomplete, the harmful components in the discharged flue gas are still more, and the current requirement on harmless treatment cannot be completely met;
2. when the fluxing electrode heated at the bottom of the melting chamber is used, the conditions of failure and incapability of working normally always occur;
3. the plasma torch is a flame cluster and cannot penetrate into the molten body, the molten body can be heated only by heating air on the surface of the molten body and conducting the air heat on the surface of the molten body, the plasma torch is an indirect heating mode, so that the heat loss is large, the heating range is not wide, the heat obtained by a receptor is far lower than that generated by the plasma torch, and the energy waste is caused;
4. it is one side feeding, leads to the material uneven distribution in the melting chamber, is unfavorable for subsequent heat treatment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to: in order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials.
The utility model specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
the utility model provides a handle compound stove device of electric smelting plasma square of dangerous waste material, includes the electrode that heats the material of furnace body bottom, the vertical activity of electrode sets up on the furnace body, and its vertical straight line actuating mechanism through arranging furnace body one side in carries out upper and lower drive to adjust the distance of electrode bottom distance furnace body bottom.
Further, the feed inlet of the furnace body is arranged at the center of the top of the furnace body.
Furthermore, a feeding pipe is obliquely arranged on the feeding hole, and a valve for controlling the feeding pipe to be switched on and off is arranged on the feeding pipe.
Furthermore, one side of the top of the furnace body is a flue, and a plurality of heating sources for burning and decomposing the smoke inside the furnace body are arranged on the flue.
Further, the heating source is a plasma torch.
Furthermore, the heating sources are six, three heating sources form a group, and each group is distributed on the same circumference of the flue and is uniformly distributed along the circumference.
Further, a waste heat collecting system is arranged on a flue of the furnace body, and the waste heat collecting system collects heat from the flue into a waste heat boiler.
Furthermore, one side of the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a weir crest discharging device for deslagging.
Further, one side of the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a furnace bottom emptying device communicated with the lowest point of the inner cavity of the furnace body.
A method of treating hazardous waste material, the method being implemented in accordance with the apparatus of any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
s1, putting the hazardous waste material to be treated into a furnace body;
s2, starting the vertical linear driving mechanism to enable the electrode to move downwards and be inserted into the dangerous waste materials, and stopping the vertical linear driving mechanism;
s3, electrifying the electrodes, and carrying out hazardous waste material capacitance treatment;
s4, starting the vertical linear driving mechanism to enable the distance from the bottom end of the electrode to the top of the metal layer at the bottom of the dangerous waste material heated to be in a molten state to be L, and stopping the vertical linear driving mechanism;
s5, repeating the step S4 regularly, and keeping the distance L between the electrode and the metal layer until the metal in the metal layer is discharged;
s6, S1, S2, S4 and S5.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. the height of the electrode is adjustable through the vertical linear driving mechanism, so that an electrode heating area can be positioned at the central position of a melt, the bottom temperature is ensured, and the height position of the electrode can be adjusted according to the thickness of a metal deposition layer, so that the frequency of shutdown and metal discharge operation is reduced, and the hazardous waste treatment efficiency is improved;
2. the vertical linear driving mechanism preferably adopts a lead screw module, a shell of the vertical linear driving mechanism is vertically fixed on the ground or other bearing tables, a driving slide block which is in threaded fit with a lead screw is connected with one end of a cross rod, the other end of the cross rod is fixed on a vertical plate, and the vertical plate is connected with the electrode holding and clamping mechanism; when the electrode needs to move up and down, the lead screw electrode drives the lead screw to rotate positively or reversely, and then the driving slide block is driven to move up or down, so that the cross rod is driven to move up or down, and the vertical plate fixedly connected with the cross rod and the electrode holding and clamping mechanism synchronously move along with the cross rod, so that the electrode is driven to move up or down. The other end of the cross rod penetrates through the connecting part of the cross rod and the driving slide block and then is connected with the balancing weight, so that the gravity of the two ends of the cross rod is balanced, and the situations of cross rod deviation and electrode inclination are prevented;
3. because the electrode is vertically arranged on the furnace body, the feeding is inconvenient, a feeding pipe is obliquely arranged on the feeding hole, and a valve for controlling the on-off of the feeding pipe is arranged on the feeding pipe; the obliquely arranged feeding pipe can lead the feeding end to one side of the furnace body, so that the feeding is convenient; the material entering the feeding pipe can be ensured to fall from the central position of the furnace body, namely, the material is added into the central position of the pole center circle through the material pipe, so that the material distribution uniformity is ensured;
4. a heat source such as a plasma torch is assembled in the flue and serves as a strong heating device for burning harmful gas decomposed by hazardous waste materials, and the generated harmful gas is subjected to harmless treatment, so that the thoroughness of the harmful gas treatment is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the furnace structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the feed tube configuration.
Reference numerals: 1-furnace body, 2-vertical linear driving mechanism, 3-electrode, 4-feeding hole, 5-flue, 6-heating source, 7-feeding pipe, 8-valve, 9-weir notch discharge device, 10-furnace bottom emptying device, 11-cross bar, 12-vertical plate, 13-electrode clamping mechanism and 14-hopper.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 to 3, a handle compound stove device of electric smelting plasma square of dangerous waste material, includes the electrode 3 that heats the material of furnace body 1 bottom, the vertical activity of electrode 3 sets up on furnace body 1, and it carries out upper and lower drive through arranging vertical straight line actuating mechanism 2 of 1 one side of furnace body in to adjust the distance of 3 bottoms of electrode apart from the furnace body bottom.
The vertical linear driving mechanism can adopt an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, a lead screw module, a gear and rack combination, a winch and the like. In this embodiment, the vertical linear driving mechanism preferably employs a lead screw module, a housing of the lead screw module is vertically fixed on the ground or other bearing platform, a driving slider which is in threaded fit with the lead screw is connected with one end of the cross bar 11, the other end of the cross bar 11 is fixed on the vertical plate 12, and therefore the vertical plate is connected with the electrode holding and clamping mechanism 13. When the electrode needs to move up and down, the lead screw electrode drives the lead screw to rotate forward or reversely, and then drives the driving slide block to move up or down, so that the cross rod 11 is driven to move up or down, and the vertical plate 12 fixedly connected with the cross rod 11 and the electrode holding and clamping mechanism 13 synchronously move along with the cross rod, so that the electrode is driven to move up or down. The other end of the cross rod 11 penetrates out of the connecting part of the cross rod and the driving sliding block and then is connected with the balancing weight 15, so that the gravity at the two ends of the cross rod 11 is balanced, and the situations of cross rod deviation and electrode inclination are prevented.
When hazardous waste materials are electrofused, oil, slag, metals, etc. are contained in the molten material formed after heating. Wherein dross floats on the surface of the melt and metal deposits on the bottom, and the metal deposits become thicker as the reaction proceeds. In the existing furnace body, the electrode is fixedly arranged on the furnace body, and the thickness of a metal deposition layer needs to be observed at any time to timely discharge metal in order to prevent the problems of short circuit and the like caused by the contact of the metal and the electrode along with the increase of the metal deposition. However, in this arrangement, in order to ensure the heating efficiency, the electrode needs to be arranged in the middle of the hazardous waste, which causes frequent shutdown and metal discharge operations, and reduces the hazardous waste treatment efficiency; if the metal discharge frequency is reduced, the electrode needs to be disposed as upward as possible, which results in low bottom temperature and is not favorable for the related operation.
Based on the situation, in the utility model, the height of the electrode is adjustable through the vertical linear driving mechanism 2, so that the electrode heating area can be positioned at the central position of a melt to ensure the bottom temperature, and the height position of the electrode can be adjusted according to the thickness of a metal deposition layer, thereby reducing the frequency of shutdown and metal discharge operation and improving the hazardous waste treatment efficiency.
The electrode is vertically arranged on the furnace body in a sliding manner and can be lifted through the vertical linear driving mechanism 2, so that the height of the electrode can be adjusted according to the condition of electric melting reaction, and the electrode always acts on a position needing to be heated and does not act on a bottom metal layer; the electrode can be moved upwards according to the height accumulation of the metal layer, so that the distance between the electrode and the metal layer can be ensured, and faults such as short circuit and the like can not be generated; but also can ensure that the heating position meets the heating requirement, reduce the metal discharge frequency and improve the hazardous waste treatment efficiency.
Example 2
As shown in figures 1 to 3, a handle compound stove device of electric smelting plasma square of dangerous waste material, includes the electrode 3 that heats the material of furnace body 1 bottom, the vertical activity of electrode 3 sets up on furnace body 1, and it carries out upper and lower drive through arranging vertical straight line actuating mechanism 2 of 1 one side of furnace body in to adjust the distance of 3 bottoms of electrode apart from the furnace body bottom. The feed inlet 4 of the furnace body 1 is arranged at the center of the top of the furnace body. The electrodes are preferably three and are distributed along the axis of the furnace body in a central symmetry way. The center of the furnace body 1 is provided with the feed inlet, so that hazardous wastes can be distributed more uniformly in the furnace body, and particularly, the feed inlet is positioned in the center of the three electrodes, so that the radial hot-area cold area of the furnace body is not deviated, and the circumferential heat is uniform. The composite furnace is a circular electric furnace adopting three alternating-current graphite electrode electric furnaces. The electrode pole center circle is positioned at the center of the furnace.
Because the electrode is vertically arranged on the furnace body, the feeding is inconvenient, a feeding pipe 7 is obliquely arranged on the feeding hole 4, and as shown in fig. 3, a valve 8 for controlling the on-off of the feeding pipe 7 is arranged on the feeding pipe. The obliquely arranged feeding pipe 7 can guide the feeding end to one side of the furnace body, so that the feeding is convenient; and the material entering the feeding pipe can fall from the central position of the furnace body, namely, the material is added into the central position of the pole center circle through the material pipe, so that the distribution uniformity is ensured.
The valve 8 is preferably a gate valve, and a feed hopper 14 is installed at the feed end of the feed pipe 7, and the hopper 14 is arranged to facilitate the material input and prevent the material leakage.
As shown in figure 2, the flue 5 is arranged on one side of the top of the furnace body 1, a plurality of heating sources 6 for combustion decomposition of smoke inside the furnace body are arranged on the flue 5, a high-temperature area of about 1400 ℃ is formed, the length of the high-temperature area is 5m, and the total length of the flue is 8m, and the flue is used for full combustion of hazardous waste material decomposition gas.
The heating source 6 is one or more of the following heat sources: plasma torch and oxygen burner.
The heating sources 6 are six, every three heating sources form a group, and each group is distributed on the same circumference of the flue 5 and is uniformly distributed along the circumference.
A heat source such as a plasma torch is assembled in the flue and serves as a strong heating device for burning harmful gas decomposed by hazardous waste materials, and the generated harmful gas is subjected to harmless treatment, so that the thoroughness of the harmful gas treatment is ensured.
Further, a waste heat collecting system is arranged on a flue of the furnace body 1, and the waste heat collecting system collects heat from the flue into a waste heat boiler. The heat of the decomposed gas is collected, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Furthermore, one side of the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a weir crest discharging device 9 for deslagging, the structure of the furnace body is specifically that a copper water jacket is adopted to form a siphon structure for discharging scum, and a refractory material is arranged at a position, in contact with slag, in the copper water jacket so as to prolong the service life of the copper water jacket.
Further, a furnace bottom emptying device 10 communicated with the lowest point of the inner cavity of the furnace body is arranged on one side of the bottom of the furnace body. The furnace bottom emptying device 10 is normally used for discharging bottom metal; when the production is stopped and the maintenance is carried out, the device is used for emptying all materials in the furnace body.
Example 3
A method of treating hazardous waste material, the method being implemented in accordance with the apparatus of any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising the steps of:
s1, putting the hazardous waste material to be treated into the furnace body 1;
s2, starting the vertical linear driving mechanism 2 to enable the electrode 3 to move downwards and be inserted into dangerous waste materials, and then stopping the vertical linear driving mechanism 2;
s3, electrifying the electrode 3, and carrying out hazardous waste material capacitance treatment;
s4, starting the vertical linear driving mechanism 2 to enable the distance from the bottom end of the electrode 3 to the top of the metal layer at the bottom of the dangerous waste material heated to be in a molten state to be L, and stopping the vertical linear driving mechanism 2;
s5, repeating the step S4 regularly, and keeping the distance L between the electrode and the metal layer until the metal in the metal layer is discharged;
s6, and repeating the steps S1, S2, S4 and S5 in sequence.
The electrode is vertically arranged on the furnace body in a sliding manner and can be lifted through the vertical linear driving mechanism 2, so that the height of the electrode can be adjusted according to the condition of electric melting reaction, and the electrode always acts on a position needing to be heated and does not act on a bottom metal layer; the electrode can be moved upwards according to the height accumulation of the metal layer, so that the distance between the electrode and the metal layer can be ensured, and faults such as short circuit and the like can not be generated; but also can ensure that the heating position meets the heating requirement, reduce the metal discharge frequency and improve the hazardous waste treatment efficiency.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a handle compound stove device of electric smelting plasma square of dangerous waste material, includes electrode (3) that carry out the heating to the material of furnace body (1) bottom, its characterized in that, the vertical activity of electrode (3) sets up on furnace body (1), and its vertical straight line actuating mechanism (2) through arranging furnace body (1) one side in carry out upper and lower drive to adjust the distance of electrode (3) bottom apart from the furnace body bottom.
2. An electric melting plasma torch complex furnace device for treating hazardous waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed inlet (4) of the furnace body (1) is arranged at the top center thereof.
3. An electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating dangerous waste materials according to claim 2, wherein a feeding pipe (7) is obliquely arranged on the feeding port (4), and a valve (8) for controlling the on-off of the feeding pipe (7) is arranged on the feeding pipe.
4. An electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials according to claim 1, wherein one side of the top of the furnace body (1) is a flue (5), and a plurality of heating sources (6) for burning and decomposing the flue gas inside the flue (5) are installed on the flue (5).
5. An electric melting plasma torch complex furnace device for treating hazardous waste material according to claim 4, characterized in that said heating source (6) is a plasma torch.
6. An electric melting plasma torch combined furnace device for treating hazardous waste material according to claim 4, characterized in that the heating sources (6) are six, three in one group, each group is distributed on the same circumference of the flue (5) and is uniformly distributed along the circumference.
7. An electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste material according to claim 1, characterized in that a waste heat collecting system is arranged on the flue of the furnace body (1), and the waste heat collecting system collects the heat from the flue into a waste heat boiler.
8. An electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste material according to claim 1, wherein one side of the bottom of the furnace body is a weir notch discharge device (9) for discharging slag.
9. An electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste material according to claim 1, wherein a furnace bottom emptying device (10) communicated with the lowest point of the inner cavity of the furnace body is arranged on one side of the bottom of the furnace body.
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| CN202122599658.7U CN216346296U (en) | 2021-10-27 | 2021-10-27 | Electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device for treating hazardous waste materials |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113834077A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-24 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device and method for treating hazardous waste materials |
| CN115780418A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Elliptical ultrasonic scale inhibition and scale removal device and method based on automatic detection control |
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2021
- 2021-10-27 CN CN202122599658.7U patent/CN216346296U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113834077A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-24 | 金川镍钴研究设计院有限责任公司 | Electric melting plasma torch composite furnace device and method for treating hazardous waste materials |
| CN115780418A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-14 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Elliptical ultrasonic scale inhibition and scale removal device and method based on automatic detection control |
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