CN110280568A - A kind of danger solid waste method of plasma processing and device - Google Patents
A kind of danger solid waste method of plasma processing and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110280568A CN110280568A CN201910593532.3A CN201910593532A CN110280568A CN 110280568 A CN110280568 A CN 110280568A CN 201910593532 A CN201910593532 A CN 201910593532A CN 110280568 A CN110280568 A CN 110280568A
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- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010891 toxic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 category Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature controller, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, the discharge port corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The temperature controller is connected with the thermocouple of plasma furnace by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, and the other end is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor using automatic control burning device, makes dangerous solid waste full combustion under the operating condition of " 3T+E ", dioxin and NOX is made to be effectively controlled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dangerous field of solid waste treatment, more particularly to dangerous solid waste corona treatment
Method and device.
Background technique
In offal treatment field, dangerous solid waste processing is had been a hot spot of research, and is directed to dioxin, a huge sum of money
The processing of the pollutants such as category, toxic waste residue is even more the most important thing.Develop that high-efficient, safety is good, treatment effect thoroughly gives up
Gurry treating method and apparatus is the key technical problem for currently needing to solve.
The organic pollutants such as dioxin have the characteristics that thermal stability and environmental stability are high.Currently used fuel type is molten
Melting furnace and electric power type melting furnace can not thoroughly be processed to.And hot plasma has high temperature and high-energy density, processing speed
Degree is fast, and device is small and processing capacity is big；It is capable of handling the waste of various forms, including liquid, solid and gas；Gao Rong can be handled
The characteristics of infusibility waste of point.In terms of the domestic and international adaptability for handling material and the emission control angle of pollution, with China
The development that dangerous fixed-end forces require, plasma melting furnace technology are melted especially for the dangerous solid waste of not combustion heat value
Technology has been provided simultaneously with advanced and cost-effectiveness requirement.
Summary of the invention
A kind of dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus disclosed by the invention, can be used automatic control burning dress
It sets, makes dangerous solid waste full combustion under the operating condition of " 3T+E (3T: temperature, turbulent flow, time, E: excess air coefficient) ", make two
It dislikes English and NOX is effectively controlled.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected.
Preferably, the cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is straight
Galvanic electricity source；The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；It is in 0-90 at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction0's
Direction is equipped with 1 root graphite electrode or more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material.
Preferably, the plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is
Cylindric or dispersion acicular texture；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode with
0.01-0.04m/s up and down adjustment；
Further, the furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, crucible, multilayer
Fire-resistant heat insulating material and steel shell successively closely connect.
Further, the material of the crucible is the material of electric conductivity, preferably graphite.
Preferably, thermocouple uses S type thermocouple, is separately mounted to inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；
Air pressure maintains -100Pa~-50Pa in furnace.
Further, plasma furnace discharge outlet installs S type thermocouple；Plasma furnace discharge port is also equipped with heating
Device, it is preferred that the heating device is induction heating apparatus.
Further, plasma furnace is additionally provided with venthole；The ventilation bore dia is preferably 3cm, and filling gas is nitrogen
Gas or argon gas, preferably purity are higher than 99.8% nitrogen or argon gas；Flow of aerating air is 200Nm3/h。
The dangerous solid waste includes dioxin, heavy metal, toxic waste residue.
The working method of the dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus, by dangerous solid waste by into
Material mouth is put into plasma furnace, and then the nitrogen by air supply system by purity higher than 99.8% or argon gas are passed through in furnace, is started
Power supply, hot plasma generate between top graphite electrode and plasma furnace bottom；The power of plasma generator is by two
A part control is respectively: temperature control, resistance control.When in-furnace temperature is not up to solids fusion temperature, i.e. 1300-
At 1500 DEG C, plasma generator keeps high power 50-80MW output, and after solids melting, plasma generator is defeated
Power is reduced to 20-40MW out, due to the resistance sizes in furnace between the liquid level and upper electrode of fusant and fusant in furnace
Liquid level between upper electrode at a distance from it is linearly related, therefore can be with, liquid level and the top of fusant are kept by control motor
Resistance between the liquid level of fusant in furnace and top graphite electrode is maintained at 1000 ± 20 ohm of model by interelectrode distance
In enclosing, to control the output power of plasma generator, reached by above-mentioned control method, it can be achieved that stabilized plasma is sent out
Raw device output power.After castoff fusing, under fusion temperature continuous heating 5min with organic matters such as dioxin of thoroughly degrading,
The waste of melting is discharged by discharge port, is entered quenching in water and is formed vitreum.
The energy that plasma generator generates has 72% processing that can be used for waste material, wherein radiation, convection current, electrode effect
Shared energy ratio is respectively as follows: 10%, 50%, 12%.And the heat of furnace body loss is 28%, wherein passing through radiation, convection current, electricity
The energy that polar effect is lost is respectively as follows: 20%, 4%, 4%, sees Fig. 2.
A kind of dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus disclosed by the invention, at plasma arc furnace melting
Manage the technology of dangerous solid waste.The plasma arc furnace has good mechanical structure and performance, be equipped with accurate air feed system and
Advanced automatic control burning device makes dangerous solid waste at " 3T+E (3T: temperature, turbulent flow, time, E: excess air coefficient) "
Full combustion under operating condition, and dioxin and NOX is made to be effectively controlled.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) hot plasma has high temperature and high-energy density, correspondingly, processing speed is fast, device is small and processing capacity
Greatly；
(2) waste of various forms, including liquid, solid and gas are capable of handling；
(3) dystectic infusibility waste can be handled, treatment effect is thorough；
(4) using electricity as the energy, fuel and oxidant are not needed, therefore throughput is more much smaller than traditional burning, tail gas
Processing cost is lower.
(5) energy utilization efficiency is high, and without water cooling, (heat loss caused by plasma torch cooling of electrode water accounts for graphite electrode
10-30%)；
(6) since technique is relatively easy, the maintenance cost of graphite arc device is usually lower.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus；
Fig. 2: dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus electric discharge and power distribution schematic diagram；
Wherein 1: feed appliance, 2: plasma furnace, 3: motor, 4: temperature controller, 5: conveyer, 6: cooling device, 7:
Thermocouple, 8: crucible, 9: graphite electrode, 10: conducting ring, 11: steel shell, 12: discharge port, 13: heat insulation layer, 14: power supply,
15: venthole.
Specific embodiment
The core concept of the embodiment of the present invention first is that proposing a kind of nanocrystalline intensity and coarse-grain plasticity of can obtaining simultaneously
The new approaches of heterosphere chip architecture titanium sheet metal particularly accordingly propose a kind of cycling hot of heterosphere chip architecture titanium plate material
Machining process.
Although the method for the embodiment of the present invention is using Titanium as description, but this method can also be applied to other metals
The preparation of material is being applied to other gold especially with twin Single Phase Metal and alloy material for main Plastic Deformation Mechanism
When belonging to the preparation of material, it is only necessary to do the parameter adjustment adapted to according to the characteristic of the metal material.Embodiment below with
Metallic titanium plate is introduced as a preferred embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are 1 root graphite electrode or more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are 1 root graphite electrode or more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end be it is cylindric or
The acicular texture of person's dispersion；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode with 0.01-
0.04m/s up and down adjustment.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are 1 root graphite electrode or more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end be it is cylindric or
The acicular texture of person's dispersion；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode with 0.01-
0.04m/s up and down adjustment；
The furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, the heat-insulated material of crucible, multiple layer refractory
Material and steel shell successively closely connect.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There is 1 root graphite electrode；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is cylindric knot
Structure；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode with 0.01-0.04m/s up and down adjustment；
The furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, the heat-insulated material of crucible, multiple layer refractory
Material and steel shell successively closely connect；
The material of the crucible is the material of electric conductivity, is graphite；Detection thermocouple uses S type thermocouple, respectively
It is mounted on inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；Air pressure maintains -100Pa~-50Pa in furnace.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is the needle of dispersion
Shape structure；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode to lower on 0.01-0.04m/s
Section；
The furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, the heat-insulated material of crucible, multiple layer refractory
Material and steel shell successively closely connect；
The material of the crucible is the material of electric conductivity, is graphite；Detection thermocouple uses S type thermocouple, respectively
It is mounted on inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；Air pressure maintains -100Pa~-50Pa in furnace.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, motor, temperature control
Device processed, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharge port, and described goes out
Material mouth corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The heat of the temperature controller and plasma furnace
Galvanic couple is connected by conductor wire；Described power supply one end is connected with the crucible of plasma furnace bottom by conductor wire, another
It holds and is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite electrode and motor
It is connected；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is the needle of dispersion
Shape structure；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode to lower on 0.01-0.04m/s
Section；
The furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, the heat-insulated material of crucible, multiple layer refractory
Material and steel shell successively closely connect；
The material of the crucible is the material of electric conductivity, is graphite；Detection thermocouple uses S type thermocouple, respectively
It is mounted on inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；Air pressure maintains -100Pa~-50Pa in furnace；
Plasma furnace discharge outlet installs S type thermocouple；Plasma furnace discharge port is also equipped with heating device, described
Heating device be induction heating apparatus.
Embodiment 8: a kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, electricity
Machine, temperature controller, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharging
Mouthful, the discharge port corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The temperature controller and it is equal from
The thermocouple of daughter furnace is connected by conductor wire；The crucible of described power supply one end and plasma furnace bottom passes through conductor wire
It is connected, the other end is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite
Electrode is connected to the motor；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is the needle of dispersion
Shape structure；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode to lower on 0.01-0.04m/s
Section；
The furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, the heat-insulated material of crucible, multiple layer refractory
Material and steel shell successively closely connect；
The material of the crucible is the material of electric conductivity, is graphite；Detection thermocouple uses S type thermocouple, respectively
It is mounted on inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；Air pressure maintains -100Pa~-50Pa in furnace；
Plasma furnace is additionally provided with venthole；The ventilation bore dia is preferably 3cm, and filling gas is nitrogen or argon gas,
Preferably purity is higher than 99.8% nitrogen or argon gas；Flow of aerating air is 200Nm3/h.
The dangerous solid waste includes dioxin, heavy metal, toxic waste residue.
Embodiment 9: a kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, including feed appliance, plasma furnace, electricity
Machine, temperature controller, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharging
Mouthful, the discharge port corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The temperature controller and it is equal from
The thermocouple of daughter furnace is connected by conductor wire；The crucible of described power supply one end and plasma furnace bottom passes through conductor wire
It is connected, the other end is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite
Electrode is connected to the motor；
The cooling device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；
The plasma furnace uses direct-current plasma；Pacify at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in the direction of 0-900
There are more root graphite electrodes；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material；
The plasma furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is the needle of dispersion
Shape structure；The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode to lower on 0.01-0.04m/s
Section；
The furnace body of plasma furnace is made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, the heat-insulated material of crucible, multiple layer refractory
Material and steel shell successively closely connect；
The material of the crucible is the material of electric conductivity, is graphite；Detection thermocouple uses S type thermocouple, respectively
It is mounted on inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；Air pressure maintains -100Pa~-50Pa in furnace；
Plasma furnace is additionally provided with venthole；The ventilation bore dia is preferably 3cm, and filling gas is nitrogen or argon gas,
Preferably purity is higher than 99.8% nitrogen or argon gas；Flow of aerating air is 200Nm3/h,
The dangerous solid waste includes dioxin, heavy metal, toxic waste residue.
The working method of the dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus, by dangerous solid waste by into
Material mouth is put into plasma furnace, then nitrogen or argon gas is passed through in furnace by air supply system, startup power supply, hot plasma exists
It is generated between top graphite electrode and plasma furnace bottom；When in-furnace temperature is not up to solids fusion temperature, plasma
Generator keeps 50-80MW power output, and after solids melting, plasma generator output power is reduced to 20-40MW,
By control motor keep the liquid level of fusant between upper electrode at a distance from by the liquid level of fusant in furnace and top graphite
Interelectrode resistance is maintained in the range of 1000 ± 20 ohm, to control the output power of plasma generator, is realized steady
Determine plasma generator output power, after castoff fusing, continuous heating dangerous solid of thoroughly degrading is useless under fusion temperature
The waste of gurry, melting is discharged by discharge port.
Apply that a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention in text, above embodiments only to
Illustrate technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments,
Those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still repair technical solution documented by foregoing embodiments
Change or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these are modified or replaceed, and do not make corresponding technical solution
Essence departs from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of various embodiments of the present invention.
So far, although those skilled in the art will appreciate that present invention has been shown and described in detail herein multiple shows
Example property embodiment still without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, still can according to the present disclosure directly
Determine or deduce out many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention.Therefore, the scope of the present invention is understood that and recognizes
It is set to and covers all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus, it is characterised in that: including feed appliance, plasma furnace, electricity
Machine, temperature controller, conveyer, cooling device, described plasma furnace one end are equipped with feed appliance, and the other end is equipped with discharging
Mouthful, the discharge port corresponds to conveyer, is equipped with cooling device on the outside of the conveyer；The temperature controller and it is equal from
The thermocouple of daughter furnace is connected by conductor wire；The crucible of described power supply one end and plasma furnace bottom passes through conductor wire
It is connected, the other end is connected by external conducting ring by conductor wire with the graphite electrode at the top of plasma furnace；The graphite
Electrode is connected to the motor.
2. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cooling
Device is cooling water tank；The motor is liftable motor；The power supply is DC power supply；The plasma furnace uses
Direct-current plasma；1 root graphite electrode or more are equipped at the top of the plasma furnace or with vertical direction in 0-90 ° of direction
Graphite electrode；The plasma furnace bottom is made of graphite material.
3. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the plasma
Body furnace bottom is flat-bottom structure or to concave configuration；The graphite electrode lower end is cylindric or dispersion acicular texture；
The graphite electrode is connected to the motor, and by lifting motor control graphite electrode with 0.01-0.04m/s up and down adjustment.
4. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 2, which is characterized in that plasma furnace
Furnace body be made of crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell, crucible, multiple layer refractory heat-barrier material and steel shell successively closely connect
It connects.
5. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the crucible
Material be electric conductivity material, preferably graphite.
6. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that thermocouple uses
S type thermocouple is separately mounted to inside burner hearth, at fire resisting material of furnace body different-thickness；In furnace air pressure maintain -100Pa~-
50Pa。
7. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: plasma furnace
Discharge outlet installs S type thermocouple；Plasma furnace discharge port is also equipped with heating device, it is preferred that the heating device
For induction heating apparatus.
8. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: plasma furnace
It is additionally provided with venthole；The ventilation bore dia is preferably 3cm, and filling gas is nitrogen or argon gas, and preferably purity is higher than
99.8% nitrogen or argon gas；Flow of aerating air is 200Nm3/h。
9. danger solid waste plasma processing apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the danger
Solid waste includes dioxin, heavy metal, toxic waste residue.
10. according to claim 1 to the working method of the 9 dangerous solid waste plasma processing apparatus,
Be characterized in that: dangerous solid waste is entered in plasma furnace by feed inlet, then by air supply system by nitrogen or argon gas
It is passed through in furnace, startup power supply, hot plasma generates between top graphite electrode and plasma furnace bottom；When in-furnace temperature not
When reaching solids fusion temperature, plasma generator keeps 50-80MW power output, after solids melting, plasma
Body generator output power is reduced to 20-40MW, by control motor keep fusant liquid level between upper electrode at a distance from
In the range of resistance between the liquid level of fusant in furnace and top graphite electrode is maintained at 1000 ± 20 ohm, to waste
After melting, continuous heating is thoroughly degraded dangerous solid waste under fusion temperature, and the waste of melting is discharged by discharge port.
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